महाभारतः
mahābhārataḥ
-
book-12, chapter-56
वैशंपायन उवाच ।
प्रणिपत्य हृषीकेशमभिवाद्य पितामहम् ।
अनुमान्य गुरून्सर्वान्पर्यपृच्छद्युधिष्ठिरः ॥१॥
प्रणिपत्य हृषीकेशमभिवाद्य पितामहम् ।
अनुमान्य गुरून्सर्वान्पर्यपृच्छद्युधिष्ठिरः ॥१॥
1. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
praṇipatya hṛṣīkeśamabhivādya pitāmaham ,
anumānya gurūnsarvānparyapṛcchadyudhiṣṭhiraḥ.
praṇipatya hṛṣīkeśamabhivādya pitāmaham ,
anumānya gurūnsarvānparyapṛcchadyudhiṣṭhiraḥ.
1.
vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca praṇipatya hṛṣīkeśam abhivādya
pitāmaham anumānya gurūn sarvān paryapṛcchat yudhiṣṭhiraḥ
pitāmaham anumānya gurūn sarvān paryapṛcchat yudhiṣṭhiraḥ
1.
vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca: yudhiṣṭhiraḥ hṛṣīkeśam praṇipatya pitāmaham abhivādya sarvān gurūn anumānya paryapṛcchat.
1.
Vaiśampāyana said: Having bowed down to Hṛṣīkeśa (Krishna), paid his respects to his grandfather (pitāmaha, Bhīṣma), and received permission from all his preceptors (guru), Yudhiṣṭhira then inquired.
राज्यं वै परमो धर्म इति धर्मविदो विदुः ।
महान्तमेतं भारं च मन्ये तद्ब्रूहि पार्थिव ॥२॥
महान्तमेतं भारं च मन्ये तद्ब्रूहि पार्थिव ॥२॥
2. rājyaṁ vai paramo dharma iti dharmavido viduḥ ,
mahāntametaṁ bhāraṁ ca manye tadbrūhi pārthiva.
mahāntametaṁ bhāraṁ ca manye tadbrūhi pārthiva.
2.
rājyam vai paramaḥ dharmaḥ iti dharmavidaḥ viduḥ
mahāntam etam bhāram ca manye tat brūhi pārthiva
mahāntam etam bhāram ca manye tat brūhi pārthiva
2.
dharmavidaḥ rājyam vai paramaḥ dharmaḥ iti viduḥ.
ca etam mahāntam bhāram manye.
pārthiva,
tat brūhi.
ca etam mahāntam bhāram manye.
pārthiva,
tat brūhi.
2.
"Kingship (rājya) is indeed the supreme natural law (dharma) - so assert those who comprehend natural law. And I consider this a great burden. Therefore, O ruler (pārthiva), please explain this to me."
राजधर्मान्विशेषेण कथयस्व पितामह ।
सर्वस्य जीवलोकस्य राजधर्माः परायणम् ॥३॥
सर्वस्य जीवलोकस्य राजधर्माः परायणम् ॥३॥
3. rājadharmānviśeṣeṇa kathayasva pitāmaha ,
sarvasya jīvalokasya rājadharmāḥ parāyaṇam.
sarvasya jīvalokasya rājadharmāḥ parāyaṇam.
3.
rājadharman viśeṣeṇa kathayasva pitāmaha
sarvasya jīvalokasya rājadharmāḥ parāyaṇam
sarvasya jīvalokasya rājadharmāḥ parāyaṇam
3.
pitāmaha,
rājadharman viśeṣeṇa kathayasva.
rājadharmāḥ sarvasya jīvalokasya parāyaṇam (santi).
rājadharman viśeṣeṇa kathayasva.
rājadharmāḥ sarvasya jīvalokasya parāyaṇam (santi).
3.
O Grandfather (pitāmaha), please explain the duties pertaining to a king (rājadharma) in detail, for the king's duties (rājadharma) are the ultimate refuge for all living beings.
त्रिवर्गोऽत्र समासक्तो राजधर्मेषु कौरव ।
मोक्षधर्मश्च विस्पष्टः सकलोऽत्र समाहितः ॥४॥
मोक्षधर्मश्च विस्पष्टः सकलोऽत्र समाहितः ॥४॥
4. trivargo'tra samāsakto rājadharmeṣu kaurava ,
mokṣadharmaśca vispaṣṭaḥ sakalo'tra samāhitaḥ.
mokṣadharmaśca vispaṣṭaḥ sakalo'tra samāhitaḥ.
4.
trivargaḥ atra samāsaktaḥ rājadharmeṣu kaurava
mokṣadharmaḥ ca vispaṣṭaḥ sakalaḥ atra samāhitaḥ
mokṣadharmaḥ ca vispaṣṭaḥ sakalaḥ atra samāhitaḥ
4.
kaurava,
atra rājadharmeṣu trivargaḥ samāsaktaḥ.
ca atra mokṣadharmaḥ sakalaḥ vispaṣṭaḥ samāhitaḥ.
atra rājadharmeṣu trivargaḥ samāsaktaḥ.
ca atra mokṣadharmaḥ sakalaḥ vispaṣṭaḥ samāhitaḥ.
4.
O Kaurava (Kaurava), the three aims of human life (trivarga) are closely associated with the duties of kings (rājadharma) here; and the natural law of liberation (mokṣa-dharma) is also fully and clearly contained within them.
यथा हि रश्मयोऽश्वस्य द्विरदस्याङ्कुशो यथा ।
नरेन्द्रधर्मो लोकस्य तथा प्रग्रहणं स्मृतम् ॥५॥
नरेन्द्रधर्मो लोकस्य तथा प्रग्रहणं स्मृतम् ॥५॥
5. yathā hi raśmayo'śvasya dviradasyāṅkuśo yathā ,
narendradharmo lokasya tathā pragrahaṇaṁ smṛtam.
narendradharmo lokasya tathā pragrahaṇaṁ smṛtam.
5.
yathā hi raśmayaḥ aśvasya dviradasya aṅkuśaḥ yathā
narendra-dharmaḥ lokasya tathā pragrahaṇam smṛtam
narendra-dharmaḥ lokasya tathā pragrahaṇam smṛtam
5.
yathā hi aśvasya raśmayaḥ dviradasya aṅkuśaḥ yathā
tathā lokasya narendra-dharmaḥ pragrahaṇam smṛtam
tathā lokasya narendra-dharmaḥ pragrahaṇam smṛtam
5.
Just as reins control a horse, and a goad controls an elephant, similarly, the natural law (dharma) of a king is considered the restraint for the people.
अत्र वै संप्रमूढे तु धर्मे राजर्षिसेविते ।
लोकस्य संस्था न भवेत्सर्वं च व्याकुलं भवेत् ॥६॥
लोकस्य संस्था न भवेत्सर्वं च व्याकुलं भवेत् ॥६॥
6. atra vai saṁpramūḍhe tu dharme rājarṣisevite ,
lokasya saṁsthā na bhavetsarvaṁ ca vyākulaṁ bhavet.
lokasya saṁsthā na bhavetsarvaṁ ca vyākulaṁ bhavet.
6.
atra vai sampra-mūḍhe tu dharme rājarṣi-sevite
lokasya saṃsthā na bhavet sarvam ca vyākulam bhavet
lokasya saṃsthā na bhavet sarvam ca vyākulam bhavet
6.
atra vai rājarṣi-sevite dharme tu sampra-mūḍhe
lokasya saṃsthā na bhavet ca sarvam vyākulam bhavet
lokasya saṃsthā na bhavet ca sarvam vyākulam bhavet
6.
If this natural law (dharma), honored by royal sages, becomes confused or lost, then there will be no order among the people, and everything will become chaotic.
उदयन्हि यथा सूर्यो नाशयत्यासुरं तमः ।
राजधर्मास्तथालोक्यामाक्षिपन्त्यशुभां गतिम् ॥७॥
राजधर्मास्तथालोक्यामाक्षिपन्त्यशुभां गतिम् ॥७॥
7. udayanhi yathā sūryo nāśayatyāsuraṁ tamaḥ ,
rājadharmāstathālokyāmākṣipantyaśubhāṁ gatim.
rājadharmāstathālokyāmākṣipantyaśubhāṁ gatim.
7.
udayan hi yathā sūryaḥ nāśayati āsuram tamaḥ
rāja-dharmāḥ tathā alokyām ākṣipanti aśubhām gatim
rāja-dharmāḥ tathā alokyām ākṣipanti aśubhām gatim
7.
yathā hi udayan sūryaḥ āsuram tamaḥ nāśayati
tathā rāja-dharmāḥ alokyām aśubhām gatim ākṣipanti
tathā rāja-dharmāḥ alokyām aśubhām gatim ākṣipanti
7.
Just as the rising sun indeed destroys demonic darkness, similarly, the natural laws (dharma) of kings repel an inauspicious destiny.
तदग्रे राजधर्माणामर्थतत्त्वं पितामह ।
प्रब्रूहि भरतश्रेष्ठ त्वं हि बुद्धिमतां वरः ॥८॥
प्रब्रूहि भरतश्रेष्ठ त्वं हि बुद्धिमतां वरः ॥८॥
8. tadagre rājadharmāṇāmarthatattvaṁ pitāmaha ,
prabrūhi bharataśreṣṭha tvaṁ hi buddhimatāṁ varaḥ.
prabrūhi bharataśreṣṭha tvaṁ hi buddhimatāṁ varaḥ.
8.
tat agre rāja-dharmāṇām artha-tattvam pitāmaha
pra-brūhi bharata-śreṣṭha tvam hi buddhimatām varaḥ
pra-brūhi bharata-śreṣṭha tvam hi buddhimatām varaḥ
8.
pitāmaha bharata-śreṣṭha tvam hi buddhimatām varaḥ
tat agre rāja-dharmāṇām artha-tattvam pra-brūhi
tat agre rāja-dharmāṇām artha-tattvam pra-brūhi
8.
Therefore, O Grandfather (Pitāmaha), O best of Bharatas, please explain the true essence of the natural laws (dharma) of kings first, for you are indeed the most excellent among the intelligent.
आगमश्च परस्त्वत्तः सर्वेषां नः परंतप ।
भवन्तं हि परं बुद्धौ वासुदेवोऽभिमन्यते ॥९॥
भवन्तं हि परं बुद्धौ वासुदेवोऽभिमन्यते ॥९॥
9. āgamaśca parastvattaḥ sarveṣāṁ naḥ paraṁtapa ,
bhavantaṁ hi paraṁ buddhau vāsudevo'bhimanyate.
bhavantaṁ hi paraṁ buddhau vāsudevo'bhimanyate.
9.
āgamaḥ ca paraḥ tvattaḥ sarveṣām naḥ paraṃtapa
bhavantaṃ hi paraṃ buddhau vāsudevaḥ abhimanyate
bhavantaṃ hi paraṃ buddhau vāsudevaḥ abhimanyate
9.
paraṃtapa naḥ sarveṣām paraḥ āgamaḥ ca tvattaḥ
hi vāsudevaḥ bhavantaṃ buddhau param abhimanyate
hi vāsudevaḥ bhavantaṃ buddhau param abhimanyate
9.
O scorcher of foes (paraṃtapa), the supreme scripture also comes from you for all of us. Indeed, Vāsudeva himself considers you supreme in intellect.
भीष्म उवाच ।
नमो धर्माय महते नमः कृष्णाय वेधसे ।
ब्राह्मणेभ्यो नमस्कृत्य धर्मान्वक्ष्यामि शाश्वतान् ॥१०॥
नमो धर्माय महते नमः कृष्णाय वेधसे ।
ब्राह्मणेभ्यो नमस्कृत्य धर्मान्वक्ष्यामि शाश्वतान् ॥१०॥
10. bhīṣma uvāca ,
namo dharmāya mahate namaḥ kṛṣṇāya vedhase ,
brāhmaṇebhyo namaskṛtya dharmānvakṣyāmi śāśvatān.
namo dharmāya mahate namaḥ kṛṣṇāya vedhase ,
brāhmaṇebhyo namaskṛtya dharmānvakṣyāmi śāśvatān.
10.
bhīṣmaḥ uvāca namaḥ dharmāya mahate namaḥ kṛṣṇāya vedhase
brāhmaṇebhyaḥ namaskṛtya dharmān vakṣyāmi śāśvatān
brāhmaṇebhyaḥ namaskṛtya dharmān vakṣyāmi śāśvatān
10.
bhīṣmaḥ uvāca mahate dharmāya namaḥ vedhase kṛṣṇāya
namaḥ brāhmaṇebhyaḥ namaskṛtya śāśvatān dharmān vakṣyāmi
namaḥ brāhmaṇebhyaḥ namaskṛtya śāśvatān dharmān vakṣyāmi
10.
Bhishma said: Salutations to the great natural law (dharma)! Salutations to Krishna, the ordainer! Having offered respects to the Brahmins (brāhmaṇa), I will now explain the eternal natural laws (dharma).
शृणु कार्त्स्न्येन मत्तस्त्वं राजधर्मान्युधिष्ठिर ।
निरुच्यमानान्नियतो यच्चान्यदभिवाञ्छसि ॥११॥
निरुच्यमानान्नियतो यच्चान्यदभिवाञ्छसि ॥११॥
11. śṛṇu kārtsnyena mattastvaṁ rājadharmānyudhiṣṭhira ,
nirucyamānānniyato yaccānyadabhivāñchasi.
nirucyamānānniyato yaccānyadabhivāñchasi.
11.
śṛṇu kārtsnyena mattaḥ tvam rājadharman yudhiṣṭhira
nirucyamānān niyataḥ yat ca anyat abhivāñchasi
nirucyamānān niyataḥ yat ca anyat abhivāñchasi
11.
yudhiṣṭhira tvam mattaḥ kārtsnyena nirucyamānān
rājadharman ca yat anyat abhivāñchasi niyataḥ śṛṇu
rājadharman ca yat anyat abhivāñchasi niyataḥ śṛṇu
11.
O Yudhishthira, listen completely and attentively to the natural laws (dharma) pertaining to kings (rājadharma) as they are explained by me, and (also listen to) whatever else you may desire.
आदावेव कुरुश्रेष्ठ राज्ञा रञ्जनकाम्यया ।
देवतानां द्विजानां च वर्तितव्यं यथाविधि ॥१२॥
देवतानां द्विजानां च वर्तितव्यं यथाविधि ॥१२॥
12. ādāveva kuruśreṣṭha rājñā rañjanakāmyayā ,
devatānāṁ dvijānāṁ ca vartitavyaṁ yathāvidhi.
devatānāṁ dvijānāṁ ca vartitavyaṁ yathāvidhi.
12.
ādau eva kuruśreṣṭha rājñā rañjanakāmyayā
devatānām dvijānām ca vartitavyam yathāvidhi
devatānām dvijānām ca vartitavyam yathāvidhi
12.
kuruśreṣṭha ādau eva rājñā devatānām ca
dvijānām rañjanakāmyayā yathāvidhi vartitavyam
dvijānām rañjanakāmyayā yathāvidhi vartitavyam
12.
O best among the Kurus (kuruśreṣṭha), from the very beginning, a king, with the desire to please the deities and the Brahmins (dvija), should conduct himself according to the prescribed rules.
दैवतान्यर्चयित्वा हि ब्राह्मणांश्च कुरूद्वह ।
आनृण्यं याति धर्मस्य लोकेन च स मान्यते ॥१३॥
आनृण्यं याति धर्मस्य लोकेन च स मान्यते ॥१३॥
13. daivatānyarcayitvā hi brāhmaṇāṁśca kurūdvaha ,
ānṛṇyaṁ yāti dharmasya lokena ca sa mānyate.
ānṛṇyaṁ yāti dharmasya lokena ca sa mānyate.
13.
daivatāni arcayitvā hi brāhmaṇān ca kurūdvaha
ānṛṇyam yāti dharmasya lokena ca saḥ mānyate
ānṛṇyam yāti dharmasya lokena ca saḥ mānyate
13.
hi kurūdvaha daivatāni brāhmaṇān ca arcayitvā
dharmasya ānṛṇyam yāti ca saḥ lokena mānyate
dharmasya ānṛṇyam yāti ca saḥ lokena mānyate
13.
Indeed, O leader of the Kurus, by revering deities and Brahmins, one fulfills his obligations (dharma) and is honored by the people.
उत्थाने च सदा पुत्र प्रयतेथा युधिष्ठिर ।
न ह्युत्थानमृते दैवं राज्ञामर्थप्रसिद्धये ॥१४॥
न ह्युत्थानमृते दैवं राज्ञामर्थप्रसिद्धये ॥१४॥
14. utthāne ca sadā putra prayatethā yudhiṣṭhira ,
na hyutthānamṛte daivaṁ rājñāmarthaprasiddhaye.
na hyutthānamṛte daivaṁ rājñāmarthaprasiddhaye.
14.
utthāne ca sadā putra prayatethā yudhiṣṭhira na
hi utthānam ṛte daivam rājñām arthaprasiddhaye
hi utthānam ṛte daivam rājñām arthaprasiddhaye
14.
ca putra yudhiṣṭhira sadā utthāne prayatethā hi
utthānam ṛte daivam rājñām arthaprasiddhaye na (asti)
utthānam ṛte daivam rājñām arthaprasiddhaye na (asti)
14.
And always, my son Yudhishthira, you should put forth effort. For without human endeavor, divine providence (daivam) certainly does not lead to the prosperity of kings' aims.
साधारणं द्वयं ह्येतद्दैवमुत्थानमेव च ।
पौरुषं हि परं मन्ये दैवं निश्चित्यमुच्यते ॥१५॥
पौरुषं हि परं मन्ये दैवं निश्चित्यमुच्यते ॥१५॥
15. sādhāraṇaṁ dvayaṁ hyetaddaivamutthānameva ca ,
pauruṣaṁ hi paraṁ manye daivaṁ niścityamucyate.
pauruṣaṁ hi paraṁ manye daivaṁ niścityamucyate.
15.
sādhāraṇam dvayam hi etat daivam utthānam eva ca
pauruṣam hi param manye daivam niścityam ucyate
pauruṣam hi param manye daivam niścityam ucyate
15.
hi etat daivam utthānam ca dvayam sādhāraṇam eva (bhavati)
hi aham pauruṣam param manye daivam niścityam ucyate
hi aham pauruṣam param manye daivam niścityam ucyate
15.
Indeed, these two – divine providence (daivam) and human endeavor – are considered equally important. However, I believe that human effort (pauruṣam) is superior, while divine providence (daivam) is said to be a matter of certainty or destiny.
विपन्ने च समारम्भे संतापं मा स्म वै कृथाः ।
घटते विनयस्तात राज्ञामेष नयः परः ॥१६॥
घटते विनयस्तात राज्ञामेष नयः परः ॥१६॥
16. vipanne ca samārambhe saṁtāpaṁ mā sma vai kṛthāḥ ,
ghaṭate vinayastāta rājñāmeṣa nayaḥ paraḥ.
ghaṭate vinayastāta rājñāmeṣa nayaḥ paraḥ.
16.
vipanne ca samārambhe saṃtāpam mā sma vai kṛthāḥ
ghaṭate vinayaḥ tāta rājñām eṣa nayaḥ paraḥ
ghaṭate vinayaḥ tāta rājñām eṣa nayaḥ paraḥ
16.
ca vipanne samārambhe saṃtāpam mā sma vai kṛthāḥ
tāta vinayaḥ ghaṭate eṣaḥ rājñām paraḥ nayaḥ
tāta vinayaḥ ghaṭate eṣaḥ rājñām paraḥ nayaḥ
16.
And when an enterprise fails, do not, certainly, indulge in sorrow. Patience, my dear (tāta), is fitting, for this is the supreme policy for kings.
न हि सत्यादृते किंचिद्राज्ञां वै सिद्धिकारणम् ।
सत्ये हि राजा निरतः प्रेत्य चेह च नन्दति ॥१७॥
सत्ये हि राजा निरतः प्रेत्य चेह च नन्दति ॥१७॥
17. na hi satyādṛte kiṁcidrājñāṁ vai siddhikāraṇam ,
satye hi rājā nirataḥ pretya ceha ca nandati.
satye hi rājā nirataḥ pretya ceha ca nandati.
17.
na hi satyāt ṛte kiñcit rājñām vai siddhi-kāraṇam
| satye hi rājā nirataḥ pretya ca iha ca nandati
| satye hi rājā nirataḥ pretya ca iha ca nandati
17.
rājnām vai siddhi-kāraṇam satyāt ṛte kiñcit na hi
satye hi rājā nirataḥ iha ca pretya ca nandati
satye hi rājā nirataḥ iha ca pretya ca nandati
17.
Truly, for kings, there is no cause of success other than truth. Indeed, a king devoted to truth prospers both in this world and the next.
ऋषीणामपि राजेन्द्र सत्यमेव परं धनम् ।
तथा राज्ञः परं सत्यान्नान्यद्विश्वासकारणम् ॥१८॥
तथा राज्ञः परं सत्यान्नान्यद्विश्वासकारणम् ॥१८॥
18. ṛṣīṇāmapi rājendra satyameva paraṁ dhanam ,
tathā rājñaḥ paraṁ satyānnānyadviśvāsakāraṇam.
tathā rājñaḥ paraṁ satyānnānyadviśvāsakāraṇam.
18.
ṛṣīṇām api rājendra satyam eva param dhanam |
tathā rājñaḥ param satyāt na anyat viśvāsa-kāraṇam
tathā rājñaḥ param satyāt na anyat viśvāsa-kāraṇam
18.
rājenra ṛṣīṇām api satyam eva param dhanam tathā
rājñaḥ satyāt param anyat viśvāsa-kāraṇam na
rājñaḥ satyāt param anyat viśvāsa-kāraṇam na
18.
O king (rājendra), even for sages, truth is indeed the highest wealth. Likewise, for a king, there is no other cause for trust superior to truth.
गुणवाञ्शीलवान्दान्तो मृदुर्धर्म्यो जितेन्द्रियः ।
सुदर्शः स्थूललक्ष्यश्च न भ्रश्येत सदा श्रियः ॥१९॥
सुदर्शः स्थूललक्ष्यश्च न भ्रश्येत सदा श्रियः ॥१९॥
19. guṇavāñśīlavāndānto mṛdurdharmyo jitendriyaḥ ,
sudarśaḥ sthūlalakṣyaśca na bhraśyeta sadā śriyaḥ.
sudarśaḥ sthūlalakṣyaśca na bhraśyeta sadā śriyaḥ.
19.
guṇavān śīlavān dāntaḥ mṛduḥ dharmyaḥ jitendriyaḥ |
sudarśaḥ sthūla-lakṣyaḥ ca na bhraśyeta sadā śriyaḥ
sudarśaḥ sthūla-lakṣyaḥ ca na bhraśyeta sadā śriyaḥ
19.
guṇavān śīlavān dāntaḥ mṛduḥ dharmyaḥ jitendriyaḥ
sudarśaḥ ca sthūla-lakṣyaḥ sadā śriyaḥ na bhraśyeta
sudarśaḥ ca sthūla-lakṣyaḥ sadā śriyaḥ na bhraśyeta
19.
A person who is virtuous, of good character, self-controlled, gentle, righteous (dharma), one who has mastered their senses (jitendriya), pleasing in appearance, and generous in objectives, will never lose their prosperity.
आर्जवं सर्वकार्येषु श्रयेथाः कुरुनन्दन ।
पुनर्नयविचारेण त्रयीसंवरणेन च ॥२०॥
पुनर्नयविचारेण त्रयीसंवरणेन च ॥२०॥
20. ārjavaṁ sarvakāryeṣu śrayethāḥ kurunandana ,
punarnayavicāreṇa trayīsaṁvaraṇena ca.
punarnayavicāreṇa trayīsaṁvaraṇena ca.
20.
ārjavam sarva-kāryeṣu śrayethāḥ kuru-nandana
| punar naya-vicāreṇa trayī-saṃvaraṇena ca
| punar naya-vicāreṇa trayī-saṃvaraṇena ca
20.
kurunandana sarva-kāryeṣu ārjavam śrayethāḥ
punaḥ naya-vicāreṇa ca trayī-saṃvaraṇena
punaḥ naya-vicāreṇa ca trayī-saṃvaraṇena
20.
O scion of the Kurus (kurunandana), you should practice honesty in all your undertakings. Furthermore, you should do so by carefully considering ethical conduct (naya) and by upholding the sacred knowledge of the three Vedas (trayī).
मृदुर्हि राजा सततं लङ्घ्यो भवति सर्वशः ।
तीक्ष्णाच्चोद्विजते लोकस्तस्मादुभयमाचर ॥२१॥
तीक्ष्णाच्चोद्विजते लोकस्तस्मादुभयमाचर ॥२१॥
21. mṛdurhi rājā satataṁ laṅghyo bhavati sarvaśaḥ ,
tīkṣṇāccodvijate lokastasmādubhayamācara.
tīkṣṇāccodvijate lokastasmādubhayamācara.
21.
mṛduḥ hi rājā satatam laṅghyaḥ bhavati sarvaśaḥ
tīkṣṇāt ca udvijate lokaḥ tasmāt ubhayam ācara
tīkṣṇāt ca udvijate lokaḥ tasmāt ubhayam ācara
21.
hi mṛduḥ rājā satatam sarvaśaḥ laṅghyaḥ bhavati
ca lokaḥ tīkṣṇāt udvijate tasmāt ubhayam ācara
ca lokaḥ tīkṣṇāt udvijate tasmāt ubhayam ācara
21.
Indeed, a lenient king is always completely disregarded. And people are afraid of a harsh one. Therefore, one should adopt both approaches.
अदण्ड्याश्चैव ते नित्यं विप्राः स्युर्ददतां वर ।
भूतमेतत्परं लोके ब्राह्मणा नाम भारत ॥२२॥
भूतमेतत्परं लोके ब्राह्मणा नाम भारत ॥२२॥
22. adaṇḍyāścaiva te nityaṁ viprāḥ syurdadatāṁ vara ,
bhūtametatparaṁ loke brāhmaṇā nāma bhārata.
bhūtametatparaṁ loke brāhmaṇā nāma bhārata.
22.
adaṇḍyāḥ ca eva te nityam viprāḥ syuḥ dadataām
vara bhūtam etat param loke brāhmaṇāḥ nāma bhārata
vara bhūtam etat param loke brāhmaṇāḥ nāma bhārata
22.
dadataām vara bhārata ca eva te viprāḥ nityam
adaṇḍyāḥ syuḥ etat bhūtam brāhmaṇāḥ nāma param loke
adaṇḍyāḥ syuḥ etat bhūtam brāhmaṇāḥ nāma param loke
22.
O best of givers, indeed, these Brahmins should always be exempt from punishment. In this world, O Bhārata, Brahmins are truly the supreme beings.
मनुना चापि राजेन्द्र गीतौ श्लोकौ महात्मना ।
धर्मेषु स्वेषु कौरव्य हृदि तौ कर्तुमर्हसि ॥२३॥
धर्मेषु स्वेषु कौरव्य हृदि तौ कर्तुमर्हसि ॥२३॥
23. manunā cāpi rājendra gītau ślokau mahātmanā ,
dharmeṣu sveṣu kauravya hṛdi tau kartumarhasi.
dharmeṣu sveṣu kauravya hṛdi tau kartumarhasi.
23.
manunā ca api rājendra gītau ślokau mahātmanā
dharmeṣu sveṣu kauravya hṛdi tau kartum arhasi
dharmeṣu sveṣu kauravya hṛdi tau kartum arhasi
23.
rājendra kauravya ca api mahātmanā manunā gītau
ślokau sveṣu dharmeṣu tau hṛdi kartum arhasi
ślokau sveṣu dharmeṣu tau hṛdi kartum arhasi
23.
O King of kings, O scion of Kuru, these two verses were also sung by the great-souled Manu concerning one's own natural law (dharma). You should indeed bear them in your heart.
अद्भ्योऽग्निर्ब्रह्मतः क्षत्रमश्मनो लोहमुत्थितम् ।
तेषां सर्वत्रगं तेजः स्वासु योनिषु शाम्यति ॥२४॥
तेषां सर्वत्रगं तेजः स्वासु योनिषु शाम्यति ॥२४॥
24. adbhyo'gnirbrahmataḥ kṣatramaśmano lohamutthitam ,
teṣāṁ sarvatragaṁ tejaḥ svāsu yoniṣu śāmyati.
teṣāṁ sarvatragaṁ tejaḥ svāsu yoniṣu śāmyati.
24.
adbhyaḥ agniḥ brahmataḥ kṣatram aśmanaḥ loham
utthitam teṣām sarvatragam tejaḥ svāsu yoniṣu śāmyati
utthitam teṣām sarvatragam tejaḥ svāsu yoniṣu śāmyati
24.
adbhyaḥ agniḥ brahmataḥ kṣatram aśmanaḥ loham
utthitam teṣām sarvatragam tejaḥ svāsu yoṇiṣu śāmyati
utthitam teṣām sarvatragam tejaḥ svāsu yoṇiṣu śāmyati
24.
Fire originates from water, the warrior class (kṣatram) from the priestly class (brahman), and iron from stone. The all-pervading energy (tejas) of these subsides in their own sources.
अयो हन्ति यदाश्मानमग्निश्चापोऽभिपद्यते ।
ब्रह्म च क्षत्रियो द्वेष्टि तदा सीदन्ति ते त्रयः ॥२५॥
ब्रह्म च क्षत्रियो द्वेष्टि तदा सीदन्ति ते त्रयः ॥२५॥
25. ayo hanti yadāśmānamagniścāpo'bhipadyate ,
brahma ca kṣatriyo dveṣṭi tadā sīdanti te trayaḥ.
brahma ca kṣatriyo dveṣṭi tadā sīdanti te trayaḥ.
एतज्ज्ञात्वा महाराज नमस्या एव ते द्विजाः ।
भौमं ब्रह्म द्विजश्रेष्ठा धारयन्ति शमान्विताः ॥२६॥
भौमं ब्रह्म द्विजश्रेष्ठा धारयन्ति शमान्विताः ॥२६॥
26. etajjñātvā mahārāja namasyā eva te dvijāḥ ,
bhaumaṁ brahma dvijaśreṣṭhā dhārayanti śamānvitāḥ.
bhaumaṁ brahma dvijaśreṣṭhā dhārayanti śamānvitāḥ.
एवं चैव नरव्याघ्र लोकतन्त्रविघातकाः ।
निग्राह्या एव सततं बाहुभ्यां ये स्युरीदृशाः ॥२७॥
निग्राह्या एव सततं बाहुभ्यां ये स्युरीदृशाः ॥२७॥
27. evaṁ caiva naravyāghra lokatantravighātakāḥ ,
nigrāhyā eva satataṁ bāhubhyāṁ ye syurīdṛśāḥ.
nigrāhyā eva satataṁ bāhubhyāṁ ye syurīdṛśāḥ.
श्लोकौ चोशनसा गीतौ पुरा तात महर्षिणा ।
तौ निबोध महाप्राज्ञ त्वमेकाग्रमना नृप ॥२८॥
तौ निबोध महाप्राज्ञ त्वमेकाग्रमना नृप ॥२८॥
28. ślokau cośanasā gītau purā tāta maharṣiṇā ,
tau nibodha mahāprājña tvamekāgramanā nṛpa.
tau nibodha mahāprājña tvamekāgramanā nṛpa.
उद्यम्य शस्त्रमायान्तमपि वेदान्तगं रणे ।
निगृह्णीयात्स्वधर्मेण धर्मापेक्षी नरेश्वरः ॥२९॥
निगृह्णीयात्स्वधर्मेण धर्मापेक्षी नरेश्वरः ॥२९॥
29. udyamya śastramāyāntamapi vedāntagaṁ raṇe ,
nigṛhṇīyātsvadharmeṇa dharmāpekṣī nareśvaraḥ.
nigṛhṇīyātsvadharmeṇa dharmāpekṣī nareśvaraḥ.
29.
udyamya śastram āyāntam api vedāntagam raṇe
nigṛhṇīyāt svadharmeṇa dharmāpekṣī nareśvaraḥ
nigṛhṇīyāt svadharmeṇa dharmāpekṣī nareśvaraḥ
29.
dharmāpekṣī nareśvaraḥ raṇe śastram udyamya
āyāntam api vedāntagam svadharmeṇa nigṛhṇīyāt
āyāntam api vedāntagam svadharmeṇa nigṛhṇīyāt
29.
A king who upholds (natural law) dharma should, by his own (intrinsic nature) dharma, subdue even a person learned in Vedānta (vedāntagam) who approaches wielding a weapon in battle.
विनश्यमानं धर्मं हि यो रक्षति स धर्मवित् ।
न तेन भ्रूणहा स स्यान्मन्युस्तं मनुमृच्छति ॥३०॥
न तेन भ्रूणहा स स्यान्मन्युस्तं मनुमृच्छति ॥३०॥
30. vinaśyamānaṁ dharmaṁ hi yo rakṣati sa dharmavit ,
na tena bhrūṇahā sa syānmanyustaṁ manumṛcchati.
na tena bhrūṇahā sa syānmanyustaṁ manumṛcchati.
30.
vinaśyamānam dharmam hi yaḥ rakṣati saḥ dharmavit
na tena bhrūṇahā saḥ syāt manyuḥ tam manum ṛcchati
na tena bhrūṇahā saḥ syāt manyuḥ tam manum ṛcchati
30.
yaḥ vinaśyamānam dharmam hi rakṣati saḥ dharmavit.
tena saḥ bhrūṇahā na syāt.
manyuḥ tam manum ṛcchati.
tena saḥ bhrūṇahā na syāt.
manyuḥ tam manum ṛcchati.
30.
Indeed, he who protects (natural law) dharma when it is perishing is a knower of (natural law) dharma. By such an act, he does not become a slayer of a Brahmin (bhrūṇahā); rather, the indignation (manyu) (for that crime) reaches that (culpable) person.
एवं चैव नरश्रेष्ठ रक्ष्या एव द्विजातयः ।
स्वपराद्धानपि हि तान्विषयान्ते समुत्सृजेत् ॥३१॥
स्वपराद्धानपि हि तान्विषयान्ते समुत्सृजेत् ॥३१॥
31. evaṁ caiva naraśreṣṭha rakṣyā eva dvijātayaḥ ,
svaparāddhānapi hi tānviṣayānte samutsṛjet.
svaparāddhānapi hi tānviṣayānte samutsṛjet.
31.
evam ca eva naraśreṣṭha rakṣyāḥ eva dvijātayaḥ
svaparāddhān api hi tān viṣayānte samutsṛjet
svaparāddhān api hi tān viṣayānte samutsṛjet
31.
naraśreṣṭha! evam ca eva dvijātayaḥ rakṣyāḥ eva.
hi,
svaparāddhān api tān viṣayānte samutsṛjet.
hi,
svaparāddhān api tān viṣayānte samutsṛjet.
31.
O best of men, in this way, the twice-born (dvijātayaḥ) must indeed be protected. However, even if they have committed offenses against oneself, one should surely expel them to the borders of the kingdom.
अभिशस्तमपि ह्येषां कृपायीत विशां पते ।
ब्रह्मघ्ने गुरुतल्पे च भ्रूणहत्ये तथैव च ॥३२॥
ब्रह्मघ्ने गुरुतल्पे च भ्रूणहत्ये तथैव च ॥३२॥
32. abhiśastamapi hyeṣāṁ kṛpāyīta viśāṁ pate ,
brahmaghne gurutalpe ca bhrūṇahatye tathaiva ca.
brahmaghne gurutalpe ca bhrūṇahatye tathaiva ca.
32.
abhśastam api hi eṣām kṛpāyīta viśām pate
brahmaghne gurutalpe ca bhrūṇahatye tathā eva ca
brahmaghne gurutalpe ca bhrūṇahatye tathā eva ca
32.
viśām pate,
eṣām abhśastam api hi brahmaghne gurutalpe ca bhrūṇahatye tathā eva ca (puruṣam) kṛpāyīta.
eṣām abhśastam api hi brahmaghne gurutalpe ca bhrūṇahatye tathā eva ca (puruṣam) kṛpāyīta.
32.
O lord of the people, one should indeed show compassion even towards those among the twice-born who are accused of (crimes like) Brahminicide (brahmaghne), violating the guru's bed (gurutalpe), and feticide (bhrūṇahatye), and so forth.
राजद्विष्टे च विप्रस्य विषयान्ते विसर्जनम् ।
विधीयते न शारीरं भयमेषां कदाचन ॥३३॥
विधीयते न शारीरं भयमेषां कदाचन ॥३३॥
33. rājadviṣṭe ca viprasya viṣayānte visarjanam ,
vidhīyate na śārīraṁ bhayameṣāṁ kadācana.
vidhīyate na śārīraṁ bhayameṣāṁ kadācana.
33.
rājadvīṣṭe ca viprasya viṣaya ante visarjanam
vidhīyate na śārīram bhayam eṣām kadācana
vidhīyate na śārīram bhayam eṣām kadācana
33.
rājadvīṣṭe viprasya ca viṣaya ante visarjanam
vidhīyate eṣām śārīram bhayam kadācana na
vidhīyate eṣām śārīram bhayam kadācana na
33.
When a Brahmin is disliked by the king, only banishment to the kingdom's border is ordained for him; never any physical punishment (śārīraṃ bhayam) for such (Brahmins) at any time.
दयिताश्च नरास्ते स्युर्नित्यं पुरुषसत्तम ।
न कोशः परमो ह्यन्यो राज्ञां पुरुषसंचयात् ॥३४॥
न कोशः परमो ह्यन्यो राज्ञां पुरुषसंचयात् ॥३४॥
34. dayitāśca narāste syurnityaṁ puruṣasattama ,
na kośaḥ paramo hyanyo rājñāṁ puruṣasaṁcayāt.
na kośaḥ paramo hyanyo rājñāṁ puruṣasaṁcayāt.
34.
dayitāḥ ca narāḥ te syuḥ nityam puruṣasattama
na kośaḥ paramaḥ hi anyaḥ rājñām puruṣasaṃcayāt
na kośaḥ paramaḥ hi anyaḥ rājñām puruṣasaṃcayāt
34.
puruṣasattama te narāḥ nityam dayitāḥ syuḥ hi
rājñām puruṣasaṃcayāt anyaḥ paramaḥ kośaḥ na
rājñām puruṣasaṃcayāt anyaḥ paramaḥ kośaḥ na
34.
O best among men (puruṣa), those men (subjects) should always be cherished. For, truly, there is no other supreme treasury (kośa) for kings than a collection of men.
दुर्गेषु च महाराज षट्सु ये शास्त्रनिश्चिताः ।
सर्वेषु तेषु मन्यन्ते नरदुर्गं सुदुस्तरम् ॥३५॥
सर्वेषु तेषु मन्यन्ते नरदुर्गं सुदुस्तरम् ॥३५॥
35. durgeṣu ca mahārāja ṣaṭsu ye śāstraniścitāḥ ,
sarveṣu teṣu manyante naradurgaṁ sudustaram.
sarveṣu teṣu manyante naradurgaṁ sudustaram.
35.
durgeṣu ca mahārāja ṣaṭsu ye śāstraniścitāḥ
sarveṣu teṣu manyante naradurgam sudustaram
sarveṣu teṣu manyante naradurgam sudustaram
35.
mahārāja ye ṣaṭsu durgeṣu ca śāstraniścitāḥ
sarveṣu teṣu naradurgam sudustaram manyante
sarveṣu teṣu naradurgam sudustaram manyante
35.
O great king (mahārāja), among all those six types of forts (durga) that are prescribed in the scriptures, the fort of men (naradurga) is considered the most formidable.
तस्मान्नित्यं दया कार्या चातुर्वर्ण्ये विपश्चिता ।
धर्मात्मा सत्यवाक्चैव राजा रञ्जयति प्रजाः ॥३६॥
धर्मात्मा सत्यवाक्चैव राजा रञ्जयति प्रजाः ॥३६॥
36. tasmānnityaṁ dayā kāryā cāturvarṇye vipaścitā ,
dharmātmā satyavākcaiva rājā rañjayati prajāḥ.
dharmātmā satyavākcaiva rājā rañjayati prajāḥ.
36.
tasmāt nityam dayā kāryā cāturvarṇye vipaścitā
dharmātmā satyavāk ca eva rājā rañjayati prajāḥ
dharmātmā satyavāk ca eva rājā rañjayati prajāḥ
36.
tasmāt vipaścitā nityam cāturvarṇye dayā kāryā.
dharmātmā ca satyavāk eva rājā prajāḥ rañjayati.
dharmātmā ca satyavāk eva rājā prajāḥ rañjayati.
36.
Therefore, compassion should always be shown by the wise (vipaścita) towards the four social classes (cāturvarṇya). A king (rājan) whose intrinsic nature (dharma) is righteous and who is truthful, truly delights his subjects.
न च क्षान्तेन ते भाव्यं नित्यं पुरुषसत्तम ।
अधर्म्यो हि मृदू राजा क्षमावानिव कुञ्जरः ॥३७॥
अधर्म्यो हि मृदू राजा क्षमावानिव कुञ्जरः ॥३७॥
37. na ca kṣāntena te bhāvyaṁ nityaṁ puruṣasattama ,
adharmyo hi mṛdū rājā kṣamāvāniva kuñjaraḥ.
adharmyo hi mṛdū rājā kṣamāvāniva kuñjaraḥ.
37.
na ca kṣāntena te bhāvyaṃ nityaṃ puruṣasattama
adharmyaḥ hi mṛduḥ rājā kṣamāvān iva kuñjaraḥ
adharmyaḥ hi mṛduḥ rājā kṣamāvān iva kuñjaraḥ
37.
puruṣasattama nityaṃ te kṣāntena ca na bhāvyaṃ
hi mṛduḥ rājā adharmyaḥ kṣamāvān kuñjaraḥ iva
hi mṛduḥ rājā adharmyaḥ kṣamāvān kuñjaraḥ iva
37.
O best among men, you should not always be forgiving. Indeed, a gentle king acts against natural law (dharma), just like an elephant that is overly tolerant (becomes vulnerable).
बार्हस्पत्ये च शास्त्रे वै श्लोका विनियताः पुरा ।
अस्मिन्नर्थे महाराज तन्मे निगदतः शृणु ॥३८॥
अस्मिन्नर्थे महाराज तन्मे निगदतः शृणु ॥३८॥
38. bārhaspatye ca śāstre vai ślokā viniyatāḥ purā ,
asminnarthe mahārāja tanme nigadataḥ śṛṇu.
asminnarthe mahārāja tanme nigadataḥ śṛṇu.
38.
bārhaspatye ca śāstre vai ślokāḥ viniyatāḥ purā
asmin arthe mahārāja tat me nigadataḥ śṛṇu
asmin arthe mahārāja tat me nigadataḥ śṛṇu
38.
mahārāja bārhaspatye śāstre ca vai purā asmin
arthe ślokāḥ viniyatāḥ tat me nigadataḥ śṛṇu
arthe ślokāḥ viniyatāḥ tat me nigadataḥ śṛṇu
38.
O great king, indeed, verses were formerly established in the treatise of Brihaspati on this very subject. Listen to me as I recite them.
क्षममाणं नृपं नित्यं नीचः परिभवेज्जनः ।
हस्तियन्ता गजस्येव शिर एवारुरुक्षति ॥३९॥
हस्तियन्ता गजस्येव शिर एवारुरुक्षति ॥३९॥
39. kṣamamāṇaṁ nṛpaṁ nityaṁ nīcaḥ paribhavejjanaḥ ,
hastiyantā gajasyeva śira evārurukṣati.
hastiyantā gajasyeva śira evārurukṣati.
39.
kṣamamāṇaṃ nṛpaṃ nityaṃ nīcaḥ paribhavet janaḥ
hastiyantā gajasya iva śiraḥ eva ārurukṣati
hastiyantā gajasya iva śiraḥ eva ārurukṣati
39.
nityaṃ kṣamamāṇaṃ nṛpaṃ nīcaḥ janaḥ paribhavet
hastiyantā gajasya iva śiraḥ eva ārurukṣati
hastiyantā gajasya iva śiraḥ eva ārurukṣati
39.
A base person will always disrespect a king who is constantly forgiving. Just like an elephant driver tries to climb onto the head of an elephant (that is too docile).
तस्मान्नैव मृदुर्नित्यं तीक्ष्णो वापि भवेन्नृपः ।
वसन्तेऽर्क इव श्रीमान्न शीतो न च घर्मदः ॥४०॥
वसन्तेऽर्क इव श्रीमान्न शीतो न च घर्मदः ॥४०॥
40. tasmānnaiva mṛdurnityaṁ tīkṣṇo vāpi bhavennṛpaḥ ,
vasante'rka iva śrīmānna śīto na ca gharmadaḥ.
vasante'rka iva śrīmānna śīto na ca gharmadaḥ.
40.
tasmāt na eva mṛduḥ nityaṃ tīkṣṇaḥ vā api bhavet nṛpaḥ
vasante arkaḥ iva śrīmān na śītaḥ na ca gharmadaḥ
vasante arkaḥ iva śrīmān na śītaḥ na ca gharmadaḥ
40.
tasmāt nṛpaḥ nityaṃ mṛduḥ eva na bhavet vā tīkṣṇaḥ api na
bhavet vasante arkaḥ iva śrīmān na śītaḥ ca na gharmadaḥ
bhavet vasante arkaḥ iva śrīmān na śītaḥ ca na gharmadaḥ
40.
Therefore, a king should not always be gentle, nor should he be always harsh. He should be like the glorious spring sun, which is neither too cold nor giving excessive heat.
प्रत्यक्षेणानुमानेन तथौपम्योपदेशतः ।
परीक्ष्यास्ते महाराज स्वे परे चैव सर्वदा ॥४१॥
परीक्ष्यास्ते महाराज स्वे परे चैव सर्वदा ॥४१॥
41. pratyakṣeṇānumānena tathaupamyopadeśataḥ ,
parīkṣyāste mahārāja sve pare caiva sarvadā.
parīkṣyāste mahārāja sve pare caiva sarvadā.
41.
pratyakṣeṇa anumānena tathā aupamyopadeśataḥ
parīkṣya āste mahārāja sve pare ca eva sarvadā
parīkṣya āste mahārāja sve pare ca eva sarvadā
41.
mahārāja sve pare ca eva sarvadā pratyakṣeṇa
anumānena tathā aupamyopadeśataḥ parīkṣya āste
anumānena tathā aupamyopadeśataḥ parīkṣya āste
41.
O great king, you should always investigate your own affairs and those of others by direct perception, inference, analogy, and the advice of scriptures.
व्यसनानि च सर्वाणि त्यजेथा भूरिदक्षिण ।
न चैव न प्रयुञ्जीत सङ्गं तु परिवर्जयेत् ॥४२॥
न चैव न प्रयुञ्जीत सङ्गं तु परिवर्जयेत् ॥४२॥
42. vyasanāni ca sarvāṇi tyajethā bhūridakṣiṇa ,
na caiva na prayuñjīta saṅgaṁ tu parivarjayet.
na caiva na prayuñjīta saṅgaṁ tu parivarjayet.
42.
vyasanāni ca sarvāṇi tyajethā bhūridakṣiṇa na
ca eva na prayuñjīta saṅgaṃ tu parivarjayet
ca eva na prayuñjīta saṅgaṃ tu parivarjayet
42.
bhūridakṣiṇa सर्वाणि व्यसनानि च त्यजेथान च एव न प्रयुञ्जीत,
तु सङ्गं परिवर्जयेत्।
तु सङ्गं परिवर्जयेत्।
42.
O generous king, you should abandon all vices. Moreover, one should certainly not indulge in them, but rather completely shun any attachment (saṅga).
नित्यं हि व्यसनी लोके परिभूतो भवत्युत ।
उद्वेजयति लोकं चाप्यतिद्वेषी महीपतिः ॥४३॥
उद्वेजयति लोकं चाप्यतिद्वेषी महीपतिः ॥४३॥
43. nityaṁ hi vyasanī loke paribhūto bhavatyuta ,
udvejayati lokaṁ cāpyatidveṣī mahīpatiḥ.
udvejayati lokaṁ cāpyatidveṣī mahīpatiḥ.
43.
nityaṃ hi vyasanī loke paribhūtaḥ bhavati uta
udvejayati lokaṃ ca api atidveṣī mahīpatiḥ
udvejayati lokaṃ ca api atidveṣī mahīpatiḥ
43.
hi nityaṃ vyasanī loke paribhūtaḥ bhavati uta
atidveṣī mahīpatiḥ ca api lokaṃ udvejayati
atidveṣī mahīpatiḥ ca api lokaṃ udvejayati
43.
Indeed, a person addicted to vices is always despised by the world. Moreover, an extremely malicious king also causes distress to the people.
भवितव्यं सदा राज्ञा गर्भिणीसहधर्मिणा ।
कारणं च महाराज शृणु येनेदमिष्यते ॥४४॥
कारणं च महाराज शृणु येनेदमिष्यते ॥४४॥
44. bhavitavyaṁ sadā rājñā garbhiṇīsahadharmiṇā ,
kāraṇaṁ ca mahārāja śṛṇu yenedamiṣyate.
kāraṇaṁ ca mahārāja śṛṇu yenedamiṣyate.
44.
bhavitavyaṃ sadā rājñā garbhiṇīsahadharmiṇā
kāraṇaṃ ca mahārāja śṛṇu yena idaṃ iṣyate
kāraṇaṃ ca mahārāja śṛṇu yena idaṃ iṣyate
44.
mahārāja rajñā sadā garbhiṇīsahadharmiṇā
bhavitavyaṃ ca yena idaṃ iṣyate kāraṇaṃ śṛṇu
bhavitavyaṃ ca yena idaṃ iṣyate kāraṇaṃ śṛṇu
44.
A king should always possess the same qualities as a pregnant woman. And O great king, listen to the reason for which this is desired.
यथा हि गर्भिणी हित्वा स्वं प्रियं मनसोऽनुगम् ।
गर्भस्य हितमाधत्ते तथा राज्ञाप्यसंशयम् ॥४५॥
गर्भस्य हितमाधत्ते तथा राज्ञाप्यसंशयम् ॥४५॥
45. yathā hi garbhiṇī hitvā svaṁ priyaṁ manaso'nugam ,
garbhasya hitamādhatte tathā rājñāpyasaṁśayam.
garbhasya hitamādhatte tathā rājñāpyasaṁśayam.
45.
yathā hi garbhīṇī hitvā svam priyam manasaḥ anugam
| garbhasya hitam ā dhatte tathā rājñā api asaṃśayam
| garbhasya hitam ā dhatte tathā rājñā api asaṃśayam
45.
yathā hi garbhīṇī svam priyam manasaḥ anugam hitvā
garbhasya hitam ā dhatte tathā rājñā api asaṃśayam
garbhasya hitam ā dhatte tathā rājñā api asaṃśayam
45.
Just as a pregnant woman, indeed, abandoning what is dear to her and desired by her mind, dedicates herself to the well-being of the fetus, so too, without a doubt, a king should act.
वर्तितव्यं कुरुश्रेष्ठ नित्यं धर्मानुवर्तिना ।
स्वं प्रियं समभित्यज्य यद्यल्लोकहितं भवेत् ॥४६॥
स्वं प्रियं समभित्यज्य यद्यल्लोकहितं भवेत् ॥४६॥
46. vartitavyaṁ kuruśreṣṭha nityaṁ dharmānuvartinā ,
svaṁ priyaṁ samabhityajya yadyallokahitaṁ bhavet.
svaṁ priyaṁ samabhityajya yadyallokahitaṁ bhavet.
46.
vartitavyam kuruśreṣṭha nityam dharmānuvartinā |
svam priyam samabhityajya yat yat lokahitam bhavet
svam priyam samabhityajya yat yat lokahitam bhavet
46.
kuruśreṣṭha nityam dharmānuvartinā svam priyam
samabhityajya yat yat lokahitam bhavet vartitavyam
samabhityajya yat yat lokahitam bhavet vartitavyam
46.
O best of the Kurus, a king, always adhering to (natural) law (dharma), should act by completely abandoning his personal desires, whatever may be beneficial for the welfare of the people.
न संत्याज्यं च ते धैर्यं कदाचिदपि पाण्डव ।
धीरस्य स्पष्टदण्डस्य न ह्याज्ञा प्रतिहन्यते ॥४७॥
धीरस्य स्पष्टदण्डस्य न ह्याज्ञा प्रतिहन्यते ॥४७॥
47. na saṁtyājyaṁ ca te dhairyaṁ kadācidapi pāṇḍava ,
dhīrasya spaṣṭadaṇḍasya na hyājñā pratihanyate.
dhīrasya spaṣṭadaṇḍasya na hyājñā pratihanyate.
47.
na saṃtyājyam ca te dhairyam kadācid api pāṇḍava
| dhīrasya spaṣṭadaṇḍasya na hi ājñā pratihanyate
| dhīrasya spaṣṭadaṇḍasya na hi ājñā pratihanyate
47.
pāṇḍava te dhairyam ca kadācid api na saṃtyājyam
hi dhīrasya spaṣṭadaṇḍasya ājñā na pratihanyate
hi dhīrasya spaṣṭadaṇḍasya ājñā na pratihanyate
47.
And, O Pandava, your courage should never be abandoned. For the command of a resolute ruler who metes out clear punishment is never obstructed.
परिहासश्च भृत्यैस्ते न नित्यं वदतां वर ।
कर्तव्यो राजशार्दूल दोषमत्र हि मे शृणु ॥४८॥
कर्तव्यो राजशार्दूल दोषमत्र हि मे शृणु ॥४८॥
48. parihāsaśca bhṛtyaiste na nityaṁ vadatāṁ vara ,
kartavyo rājaśārdūla doṣamatra hi me śṛṇu.
kartavyo rājaśārdūla doṣamatra hi me śṛṇu.
48.
parihāsaḥ ca bhṛtyaiḥ te na nityam vadatām vara
| kartavyaḥ rājaśārdūla doṣam atra hi me śṛṇu
| kartavyaḥ rājaśārdūla doṣam atra hi me śṛṇu
48.
vadatām vara rājaśārdūla te bhṛtyaiḥ parihāsaḥ
ca nityam na kartavyaḥ hi atra me doṣam śṛṇu
ca nityam na kartavyaḥ hi atra me doṣam śṛṇu
48.
And, O best of speakers, joking with your servants should not be done constantly. O tiger among kings, indeed, listen to my counsel here.
अवमन्यन्ति भर्तारं संहर्षादुपजीविनः ।
स्वे स्थाने न च तिष्ठन्ति लङ्घयन्ति हि तद्वचः ॥४९॥
स्वे स्थाने न च तिष्ठन्ति लङ्घयन्ति हि तद्वचः ॥४९॥
49. avamanyanti bhartāraṁ saṁharṣādupajīvinaḥ ,
sve sthāne na ca tiṣṭhanti laṅghayanti hi tadvacaḥ.
sve sthāne na ca tiṣṭhanti laṅghayanti hi tadvacaḥ.
प्रेष्यमाणा विकल्पन्ते गुह्यं चाप्यनुयुञ्जते ।
अयाच्यं चैव याचन्तेऽभोज्यान्याहारयन्ति च ॥५०॥
अयाच्यं चैव याचन्तेऽभोज्यान्याहारयन्ति च ॥५०॥
50. preṣyamāṇā vikalpante guhyaṁ cāpyanuyuñjate ,
ayācyaṁ caiva yācante'bhojyānyāhārayanti ca.
ayācyaṁ caiva yācante'bhojyānyāhārayanti ca.
क्रुध्यन्ति परिदीप्यन्ति भूमिमध्यासतेऽस्य च ।
उत्कोचैर्वञ्चनाभिश्च कार्याण्यनुविहन्ति च ॥५१॥
उत्कोचैर्वञ्चनाभिश्च कार्याण्यनुविहन्ति च ॥५१॥
51. krudhyanti paridīpyanti bhūmimadhyāsate'sya ca ,
utkocairvañcanābhiśca kāryāṇyanuvihanti ca.
utkocairvañcanābhiśca kāryāṇyanuvihanti ca.
जर्जरं चास्य विषयं कुर्वन्ति प्रतिरूपकैः ।
स्त्रीरक्षिभिश्च सज्जन्ते तुल्यवेषा भवन्ति च ॥५२॥
स्त्रीरक्षिभिश्च सज्जन्ते तुल्यवेषा भवन्ति च ॥५२॥
52. jarjaraṁ cāsya viṣayaṁ kurvanti pratirūpakaiḥ ,
strīrakṣibhiśca sajjante tulyaveṣā bhavanti ca.
strīrakṣibhiśca sajjante tulyaveṣā bhavanti ca.
वातं च ष्ठीवनं चैव कुर्वते चास्य संनिधौ ।
निर्लज्जा नरशार्दूल व्याहरन्ति च तद्वचः ॥५३॥
निर्लज्जा नरशार्दूल व्याहरन्ति च तद्वचः ॥५३॥
53. vātaṁ ca ṣṭhīvanaṁ caiva kurvate cāsya saṁnidhau ,
nirlajjā naraśārdūla vyāharanti ca tadvacaḥ.
nirlajjā naraśārdūla vyāharanti ca tadvacaḥ.
हयं वा दन्तिनं वापि रथं नृपतिसंमतम् ।
अधिरोहन्त्यनादृत्य हर्षुले पार्थिवे मृदौ ॥५४॥
अधिरोहन्त्यनादृत्य हर्षुले पार्थिवे मृदौ ॥५४॥
54. hayaṁ vā dantinaṁ vāpi rathaṁ nṛpatisaṁmatam ,
adhirohantyanādṛtya harṣule pārthive mṛdau.
adhirohantyanādṛtya harṣule pārthive mṛdau.
इदं ते दुष्करं राजन्निदं ते दुर्विचेष्टितम् ।
इत्येवं सुहृदो नाम ब्रुवन्ति परिषद्गताः ॥५५॥
इत्येवं सुहृदो नाम ब्रुवन्ति परिषद्गताः ॥५५॥
55. idaṁ te duṣkaraṁ rājannidaṁ te durviceṣṭitam ,
ityevaṁ suhṛdo nāma bruvanti pariṣadgatāḥ.
ityevaṁ suhṛdo nāma bruvanti pariṣadgatāḥ.
क्रुद्धे चास्मिन्हसन्त्येव न च हृष्यन्ति पूजिताः ।
संघर्षशीलाश्च सदा भवन्त्यन्योन्यकारणात् ॥५६॥
संघर्षशीलाश्च सदा भवन्त्यन्योन्यकारणात् ॥५६॥
56. kruddhe cāsminhasantyeva na ca hṛṣyanti pūjitāḥ ,
saṁgharṣaśīlāśca sadā bhavantyanyonyakāraṇāt.
saṁgharṣaśīlāśca sadā bhavantyanyonyakāraṇāt.
विस्रंसयन्ति मन्त्रं च विवृण्वन्ति च दुष्कृतम् ।
लीलया चैव कुर्वन्ति सावज्ञास्तस्य शासनम् ।
अलंकरणभोज्यं च तथा स्नानानुलेपनम् ॥५७॥
लीलया चैव कुर्वन्ति सावज्ञास्तस्य शासनम् ।
अलंकरणभोज्यं च तथा स्नानानुलेपनम् ॥५७॥
57. visraṁsayanti mantraṁ ca vivṛṇvanti ca duṣkṛtam ,
līlayā caiva kurvanti sāvajñāstasya śāsanam ,
alaṁkaraṇabhojyaṁ ca tathā snānānulepanam.
līlayā caiva kurvanti sāvajñāstasya śāsanam ,
alaṁkaraṇabhojyaṁ ca tathā snānānulepanam.
57.
visraṃsayanti mantram ca vivṛṇvanti
ca duṣkṛtam līlayā ca eva kurvanti
sāvajñāḥ tasya śāsanam
alaṃkaraṇabhojyam ca tathā snānānulepanam
ca duṣkṛtam līlayā ca eva kurvanti
sāvajñāḥ tasya śāsanam
alaṃkaraṇabhojyam ca tathā snānānulepanam
57.
te mantram visraṃsayanti ca duṣkṛtam
vivṛṇvanti ca sāvajñāḥ eva līlayā
tasya śāsanam kurvanti ca
alaṃkaraṇabhojyam ca tathā snānānulepanam
vivṛṇvanti ca sāvajñāḥ eva līlayā
tasya śāsanam kurvanti ca
alaṃkaraṇabhojyam ca tathā snānānulepanam
57.
They undermine secret counsel (mantra), reveal misdeeds, and nonchalantly execute his commands with disrespect. They also appropriate his ornaments, food, and provisions for bathing and anointing.
हेलमाना नरव्याघ्र स्वस्थास्तस्योपशृण्वते ।
निन्दन्ति स्वानधीकारान्संत्यजन्ति च भारत ॥५८॥
निन्दन्ति स्वानधीकारान्संत्यजन्ति च भारत ॥५८॥
58. helamānā naravyāghra svasthāstasyopaśṛṇvate ,
nindanti svānadhīkārānsaṁtyajanti ca bhārata.
nindanti svānadhīkārānsaṁtyajanti ca bhārata.
58.
helamānāḥ naravyāghra svasthāḥ tasya upaśṛṇvate
nindanti svān adhīkārān saṃtyajanti ca bhārata
nindanti svān adhīkārān saṃtyajanti ca bhārata
58.
naravyāghra bhārata helamānāḥ svasthāḥ tasya
upaśṛṇvate te svān adhīkārān nindanti ca saṃtyajanti
upaśṛṇvate te svān adhīkārān nindanti ca saṃtyajanti
58.
O tiger among men (naravyāghra), these people, feeling secure, nonchalantly heed his words. They criticize their own responsibilities (adhīkāra) and completely abandon them, O descendant of Bharata (Bhārata).
न वृत्त्या परितुष्यन्ति राजदेयं हरन्ति च ।
क्रीडितुं तेन चेच्छन्ति ससूत्रेणेव पक्षिणा ।
अस्मत्प्रणेयो राजेति लोके चैव वदन्त्युत ॥५९॥
क्रीडितुं तेन चेच्छन्ति ससूत्रेणेव पक्षिणा ।
अस्मत्प्रणेयो राजेति लोके चैव वदन्त्युत ॥५९॥
59. na vṛttyā parituṣyanti rājadeyaṁ haranti ca ,
krīḍituṁ tena cecchanti sasūtreṇeva pakṣiṇā ,
asmatpraṇeyo rājeti loke caiva vadantyuta.
krīḍituṁ tena cecchanti sasūtreṇeva pakṣiṇā ,
asmatpraṇeyo rājeti loke caiva vadantyuta.
59.
na vṛttyā parituṣyanti rājadeyam
haranti ca krīḍitum tena ca icchanti
sasūtreṇa iva pakṣiṇā asmatpraṇeyaḥ
rājā iti loke ca eva vadanti uta
haranti ca krīḍitum tena ca icchanti
sasūtreṇa iva pakṣiṇā asmatpraṇeyaḥ
rājā iti loke ca eva vadanti uta
59.
na te vṛttyā parituṣyanti ca rājadeyam
haranti te tena sasūtreṇa pakṣiṇā
iva krīḍitum ca icchanti uta loke ca
eva asmatpraṇeyaḥ rājā iti vadanti
haranti te tena sasūtreṇa pakṣiṇā
iva krīḍitum ca icchanti uta loke ca
eva asmatpraṇeyaḥ rājā iti vadanti
59.
They are not content with their legitimate earnings and misappropriate the king's revenue. They desire to play with him as if he were a bird on a string. Moreover, they proclaim among the populace, 'The king is to be guided by us.'
एते चैवापरे चैव दोषाः प्रादुर्भवन्त्युत ।
नृपतौ मार्दवोपेते हर्षुले च युधिष्ठिर ॥६०॥
नृपतौ मार्दवोपेते हर्षुले च युधिष्ठिर ॥६०॥
60. ete caivāpare caiva doṣāḥ prādurbhavantyuta ,
nṛpatau mārdavopete harṣule ca yudhiṣṭhira.
nṛpatau mārdavopete harṣule ca yudhiṣṭhira.
60.
ete ca eva apare ca eva doṣāḥ prādurbhavanti
uta nṛpatau mārdavopete harṣule ca yudhiṣṭhira
uta nṛpatau mārdavopete harṣule ca yudhiṣṭhira
60.
yudhiṣṭhira ca eva ete ca eva apare doṣāḥ uta
nṛpatau mārdavopete ca harṣule prādurbhavanti
nṛpatau mārdavopete ca harṣule prādurbhavanti
60.
O Yudhiṣṭhira, these and indeed many other faults arise in a king who is endowed with excessive gentleness and is overly complacent.
Links to all chapters:
ādi parva
Chapter 1
Chapter 2
Chapter 3
Chapter 4
Chapter 5
Chapter 6
Chapter 7
Chapter 8
Chapter 9
Chapter 10
Chapter 11
Chapter 12
Chapter 13
Chapter 14
Chapter 15
Chapter 16
Chapter 17
Chapter 18
Chapter 19
Chapter 20
Chapter 21
Chapter 22
Chapter 23
Chapter 24
Chapter 25
Chapter 26
Chapter 27
Chapter 28
Chapter 29
Chapter 30
Chapter 31
Chapter 32
Chapter 33
Chapter 34
Chapter 35
Chapter 36
Chapter 37
Chapter 38
Chapter 39
Chapter 40
Chapter 41
Chapter 42
Chapter 43
Chapter 44
Chapter 45
Chapter 46
Chapter 47
Chapter 48
Chapter 49
Chapter 50
Chapter 51
Chapter 52
Chapter 53
Chapter 54
Chapter 55
Chapter 56
Chapter 57
Chapter 58
Chapter 59
Chapter 60
Chapter 61
Chapter 62
Chapter 63
Chapter 64
Chapter 65
Chapter 66
Chapter 67
Chapter 68
Chapter 69
Chapter 70
Chapter 71
Chapter 72
Chapter 73
Chapter 74
Chapter 75
Chapter 76
Chapter 77
Chapter 78
Chapter 79
Chapter 80
Chapter 81
Chapter 82
Chapter 83
Chapter 84
Chapter 85
Chapter 86
Chapter 87
Chapter 88
Chapter 89
Chapter 90
Chapter 91
Chapter 92
Chapter 93
Chapter 94
Chapter 95
Chapter 96
Chapter 97
Chapter 98
Chapter 99
Chapter 100
Chapter 101
Chapter 102
Chapter 103
Chapter 104
Chapter 105
Chapter 106
Chapter 107
Chapter 108
Chapter 109
Chapter 110
Chapter 111
Chapter 112
Chapter 113
Chapter 114
Chapter 115
Chapter 116
Chapter 117
Chapter 118
Chapter 119
Chapter 120
Chapter 121
Chapter 122
Chapter 123
Chapter 124
Chapter 125
Chapter 126
Chapter 127
Chapter 128
Chapter 129
Chapter 130
Chapter 131
Chapter 132
Chapter 133
Chapter 134
Chapter 135
Chapter 136
Chapter 137
Chapter 138
Chapter 139
Chapter 140
Chapter 141
Chapter 142
Chapter 143
Chapter 144
Chapter 145
Chapter 146
Chapter 147
Chapter 148
Chapter 149
Chapter 150
Chapter 151
Chapter 152
Chapter 153
Chapter 154
Chapter 155
Chapter 156
Chapter 157
Chapter 158
Chapter 159
Chapter 160
Chapter 161
Chapter 162
Chapter 163
Chapter 164
Chapter 165
Chapter 166
Chapter 167
Chapter 168
Chapter 169
Chapter 170
Chapter 171
Chapter 172
Chapter 173
Chapter 174
Chapter 175
Chapter 176
Chapter 177
Chapter 178
Chapter 179
Chapter 180
Chapter 181
Chapter 182
Chapter 183
Chapter 184
Chapter 185
Chapter 186
Chapter 187
Chapter 188
Chapter 189
Chapter 190
Chapter 191
Chapter 192
Chapter 193
Chapter 194
Chapter 195
Chapter 196
Chapter 197
Chapter 198
Chapter 199
Chapter 200
Chapter 201
Chapter 202
Chapter 203
Chapter 204
Chapter 205
Chapter 206
Chapter 207
Chapter 208
Chapter 209
Chapter 210
Chapter 211
Chapter 212
Chapter 213
Chapter 214
Chapter 215
Chapter 216
Chapter 217
Chapter 218
Chapter 219
Chapter 220
Chapter 221
Chapter 222
Chapter 223
Chapter 224
Chapter 225
sabhā parva
Chapter 1
Chapter 2
Chapter 3
Chapter 4
Chapter 5
Chapter 6
Chapter 7
Chapter 8
Chapter 9
Chapter 10
Chapter 11
Chapter 12
Chapter 13
Chapter 14
Chapter 15
Chapter 16
Chapter 17
Chapter 18
Chapter 19
Chapter 20
Chapter 21
Chapter 22
Chapter 23
Chapter 24
Chapter 25
Chapter 26
Chapter 27
Chapter 28
Chapter 29
Chapter 30
Chapter 31
Chapter 32
Chapter 33
Chapter 34
Chapter 35
Chapter 36
Chapter 37
Chapter 38
Chapter 39
Chapter 40
Chapter 41
Chapter 42
Chapter 43
Chapter 44
Chapter 45
Chapter 46
Chapter 47
Chapter 48
Chapter 49
Chapter 50
Chapter 51
Chapter 52
Chapter 53
Chapter 54
Chapter 55
Chapter 56
Chapter 57
Chapter 58
Chapter 59
Chapter 60
Chapter 61
Chapter 62
Chapter 63
Chapter 64
Chapter 65
Chapter 66
Chapter 67
Chapter 68
Chapter 69
Chapter 70
Chapter 71
Chapter 72
vana parva
Chapter 1
Chapter 2
Chapter 3
Chapter 4
Chapter 5
Chapter 6
Chapter 7
Chapter 8
Chapter 9
Chapter 10
Chapter 11
Chapter 12
Chapter 13
Chapter 14
Chapter 15
Chapter 16
Chapter 17
Chapter 18
Chapter 19
Chapter 20
Chapter 21
Chapter 22
Chapter 23
Chapter 24
Chapter 25
Chapter 26
Chapter 27
Chapter 28
Chapter 29
Chapter 30
Chapter 31
Chapter 32
Chapter 33
Chapter 34
Chapter 35
Chapter 36
Chapter 37
Chapter 38
Chapter 39
Chapter 40
Chapter 41
Chapter 42
Chapter 43
Chapter 44
Chapter 45
Chapter 46
Chapter 47
Chapter 48
Chapter 49
Chapter 50
Chapter 51
Chapter 52
Chapter 53
Chapter 54
Chapter 55
Chapter 56
Chapter 57
Chapter 58
Chapter 59
Chapter 60
Chapter 61
Chapter 62
Chapter 63
Chapter 64
Chapter 65
Chapter 66
Chapter 67
Chapter 68
Chapter 69
Chapter 70
Chapter 71
Chapter 72
Chapter 73
Chapter 74
Chapter 75
Chapter 76
Chapter 77
Chapter 78
Chapter 79
Chapter 80
Chapter 81
Chapter 82
Chapter 83
Chapter 84
Chapter 85
Chapter 86
Chapter 87
Chapter 88
Chapter 89
Chapter 90
Chapter 91
Chapter 92
Chapter 93
Chapter 94
Chapter 95
Chapter 96
Chapter 97
Chapter 98
Chapter 99
Chapter 100
Chapter 101
Chapter 102
Chapter 103
Chapter 104
Chapter 105
Chapter 106
Chapter 107
Chapter 108
Chapter 109
Chapter 110
Chapter 111
Chapter 112
Chapter 113
Chapter 114
Chapter 115
Chapter 116
Chapter 117
Chapter 118
Chapter 119
Chapter 120
Chapter 121
Chapter 122
Chapter 123
Chapter 124
Chapter 125
Chapter 126
Chapter 127
Chapter 128
Chapter 129
Chapter 130
Chapter 131
Chapter 132
Chapter 133
Chapter 134
Chapter 135
Chapter 136
Chapter 137
Chapter 138
Chapter 139
Chapter 140
Chapter 141
Chapter 142
Chapter 143
Chapter 144
Chapter 145
Chapter 146
Chapter 147
Chapter 148
Chapter 149
Chapter 150
Chapter 151
Chapter 152
Chapter 153
Chapter 154
Chapter 155
Chapter 156
Chapter 157
Chapter 158
Chapter 159
Chapter 160
Chapter 161
Chapter 162
Chapter 163
Chapter 164
Chapter 165
Chapter 166
Chapter 167
Chapter 168
Chapter 169
Chapter 170
Chapter 171
Chapter 172
Chapter 173
Chapter 174
Chapter 175
Chapter 176
Chapter 177
Chapter 178
Chapter 179
Chapter 180
Chapter 181
Chapter 182
Chapter 183
Chapter 184
Chapter 185
Chapter 186
Chapter 187
Chapter 188
Chapter 189
Chapter 190
Chapter 191
Chapter 192
Chapter 193
Chapter 194
Chapter 195
Chapter 196
Chapter 197
Chapter 198
Chapter 199
Chapter 200
Chapter 201
Chapter 202
Chapter 203
Chapter 204
Chapter 205
Chapter 206
Chapter 207
Chapter 208
Chapter 209
Chapter 210
Chapter 211
Chapter 212
Chapter 213
Chapter 214
Chapter 215
Chapter 216
Chapter 217
Chapter 218
Chapter 219
Chapter 220
Chapter 221
Chapter 222
Chapter 223
Chapter 224
Chapter 225
Chapter 226
Chapter 227
Chapter 228
Chapter 229
Chapter 230
Chapter 231
Chapter 232
Chapter 233
Chapter 234
Chapter 235
Chapter 236
Chapter 237
Chapter 238
Chapter 239
Chapter 240
Chapter 241
Chapter 242
Chapter 243
Chapter 244
Chapter 245
Chapter 246
Chapter 247
Chapter 248
Chapter 249
Chapter 250
Chapter 251
Chapter 252
Chapter 253
Chapter 254
Chapter 255
Chapter 256
Chapter 257
Chapter 258
Chapter 259
Chapter 260
Chapter 261
Chapter 262
Chapter 263
Chapter 264
Chapter 265
Chapter 266
Chapter 267
Chapter 268
Chapter 269
Chapter 270
Chapter 271
Chapter 272
Chapter 273
Chapter 274
Chapter 275
Chapter 276
Chapter 277
Chapter 278
Chapter 279
Chapter 280
Chapter 281
Chapter 282
Chapter 283
Chapter 284
Chapter 285
Chapter 286
Chapter 287
Chapter 288
Chapter 289
Chapter 290
Chapter 291
Chapter 292
Chapter 293
Chapter 294
Chapter 295
Chapter 296
Chapter 297
Chapter 298
Chapter 299
virāṭa parva
Chapter 1
Chapter 2
Chapter 3
Chapter 4
Chapter 5
Chapter 6
Chapter 7
Chapter 8
Chapter 9
Chapter 10
Chapter 11
Chapter 12
Chapter 13
Chapter 14
Chapter 15
Chapter 16
Chapter 17
Chapter 18
Chapter 19
Chapter 20
Chapter 21
Chapter 22
Chapter 23
Chapter 24
Chapter 25
Chapter 26
Chapter 27
Chapter 28
Chapter 29
Chapter 30
Chapter 31
Chapter 32
Chapter 33
Chapter 34
Chapter 35
Chapter 36
Chapter 37
Chapter 38
Chapter 39
Chapter 40
Chapter 41
Chapter 42
Chapter 43
Chapter 44
Chapter 45
Chapter 46
Chapter 47
Chapter 48
Chapter 49
Chapter 50
Chapter 51
Chapter 52
Chapter 53
Chapter 54
Chapter 55
Chapter 56
Chapter 57
Chapter 58
Chapter 59
Chapter 60
Chapter 61
Chapter 62
Chapter 63
Chapter 64
Chapter 65
Chapter 66
Chapter 67
udyoga parva
Chapter 1
Chapter 2
Chapter 3
Chapter 4
Chapter 5
Chapter 6
Chapter 7
Chapter 8
Chapter 9
Chapter 10
Chapter 11
Chapter 12
Chapter 13
Chapter 14
Chapter 15
Chapter 16
Chapter 17
Chapter 18
Chapter 19
Chapter 20
Chapter 21
Chapter 22
Chapter 23
Chapter 24
Chapter 25
Chapter 26
Chapter 27
Chapter 28
Chapter 29
Chapter 30
Chapter 31
Chapter 32
Chapter 33
Chapter 34
Chapter 35
Chapter 36
Chapter 37
Chapter 38
Chapter 39
Chapter 40
Chapter 41
Chapter 42
Chapter 43
Chapter 44
Chapter 45
Chapter 46
Chapter 47
Chapter 48
Chapter 49
Chapter 50
Chapter 51
Chapter 52
Chapter 53
Chapter 54
Chapter 55
Chapter 56
Chapter 57
Chapter 58
Chapter 59
Chapter 60
Chapter 61
Chapter 62
Chapter 63
Chapter 64
Chapter 65
Chapter 66
Chapter 67
Chapter 68
Chapter 69
Chapter 70
Chapter 71
Chapter 72
Chapter 73
Chapter 74
Chapter 75
Chapter 76
Chapter 77
Chapter 78
Chapter 79
Chapter 80
Chapter 81
Chapter 82
Chapter 83
Chapter 84
Chapter 85
Chapter 86
Chapter 87
Chapter 88
Chapter 89
Chapter 90
Chapter 91
Chapter 92
Chapter 93
Chapter 94
Chapter 95
Chapter 96
Chapter 97
Chapter 98
Chapter 99
Chapter 100
Chapter 101
Chapter 102
Chapter 103
Chapter 104
Chapter 105
Chapter 106
Chapter 107
Chapter 108
Chapter 109
Chapter 110
Chapter 111
Chapter 112
Chapter 113
Chapter 114
Chapter 115
Chapter 116
Chapter 117
Chapter 118
Chapter 119
Chapter 120
Chapter 121
Chapter 122
Chapter 123
Chapter 124
Chapter 125
Chapter 126
Chapter 127
Chapter 128
Chapter 129
Chapter 130
Chapter 131
Chapter 132
Chapter 133
Chapter 134
Chapter 135
Chapter 136
Chapter 137
Chapter 138
Chapter 139
Chapter 140
Chapter 141
Chapter 142
Chapter 143
Chapter 144
Chapter 145
Chapter 146
Chapter 147
Chapter 148
Chapter 149
Chapter 150
Chapter 151
Chapter 152
Chapter 153
Chapter 154
Chapter 155
Chapter 156
Chapter 157
Chapter 158
Chapter 159
Chapter 160
Chapter 161
Chapter 162
Chapter 163
Chapter 164
Chapter 165
Chapter 166
Chapter 167
Chapter 168
Chapter 169
Chapter 170
Chapter 171
Chapter 172
Chapter 173
Chapter 174
Chapter 175
Chapter 176
Chapter 177
Chapter 178
Chapter 179
Chapter 180
Chapter 181
Chapter 182
Chapter 183
Chapter 184
Chapter 185
Chapter 186
Chapter 187
Chapter 188
Chapter 189
Chapter 190
Chapter 191
Chapter 192
Chapter 193
Chapter 194
Chapter 195
Chapter 196
Chapter 197
bhīṣma parva
Chapter 1
Chapter 2
Chapter 3
Chapter 4
Chapter 5
Chapter 6
Chapter 7
Chapter 8
Chapter 9
Chapter 10
Chapter 11
Chapter 12
Chapter 13
Chapter 14
Chapter 15
Chapter 16
Chapter 17
Chapter 18
Chapter 19
Chapter 20
Chapter 21
Chapter 22
Chapter 23
Chapter 24
Chapter 25
Chapter 26
Chapter 27
Chapter 28
Chapter 29
Chapter 30
Chapter 31
Chapter 32
Chapter 33
Chapter 34
Chapter 35
Chapter 36
Chapter 37
Chapter 38
Chapter 39
Chapter 40
Chapter 41
Chapter 42
Chapter 43
Chapter 44
Chapter 45
Chapter 46
Chapter 47
Chapter 48
Chapter 49
Chapter 50
Chapter 51
Chapter 52
Chapter 53
Chapter 54
Chapter 55
Chapter 56
Chapter 57
Chapter 58
Chapter 59
Chapter 60
Chapter 61
Chapter 62
Chapter 63
Chapter 64
Chapter 65
Chapter 66
Chapter 67
Chapter 68
Chapter 69
Chapter 70
Chapter 71
Chapter 72
Chapter 73
Chapter 74
Chapter 75
Chapter 76
Chapter 77
Chapter 78
Chapter 79
Chapter 80
Chapter 81
Chapter 82
Chapter 83
Chapter 84
Chapter 85
Chapter 86
Chapter 87
Chapter 88
Chapter 89
Chapter 90
Chapter 91
Chapter 92
Chapter 93
Chapter 94
Chapter 95
Chapter 96
Chapter 97
Chapter 98
Chapter 99
Chapter 100
Chapter 101
Chapter 102
Chapter 103
Chapter 104
Chapter 105
Chapter 106
Chapter 107
Chapter 108
Chapter 109
Chapter 110
Chapter 111
Chapter 112
Chapter 113
Chapter 114
Chapter 115
Chapter 116
Chapter 117
droṇa parva
Chapter 1
Chapter 2
Chapter 3
Chapter 4
Chapter 5
Chapter 6
Chapter 7
Chapter 8
Chapter 9
Chapter 10
Chapter 11
Chapter 12
Chapter 13
Chapter 14
Chapter 15
Chapter 16
Chapter 17
Chapter 18
Chapter 19
Chapter 20
Chapter 21
Chapter 22
Chapter 23
Chapter 24
Chapter 25
Chapter 26
Chapter 27
Chapter 28
Chapter 29
Chapter 30
Chapter 31
Chapter 32
Chapter 33
Chapter 34
Chapter 35
Chapter 36
Chapter 37
Chapter 38
Chapter 39
Chapter 40
Chapter 41
Chapter 42
Chapter 43
Chapter 44
Chapter 45
Chapter 46
Chapter 47
Chapter 48
Chapter 49
Chapter 50
Chapter 51
Chapter 52
Chapter 53
Chapter 54
Chapter 55
Chapter 56
Chapter 57
Chapter 58
Chapter 59
Chapter 60
Chapter 61
Chapter 62
Chapter 63
Chapter 64
Chapter 65
Chapter 66
Chapter 67
Chapter 68
Chapter 69
Chapter 70
Chapter 71
Chapter 72
Chapter 73
Chapter 74
Chapter 75
Chapter 76
Chapter 77
Chapter 78
Chapter 79
Chapter 80
Chapter 81
Chapter 82
Chapter 83
Chapter 84
Chapter 85
Chapter 86
Chapter 87
Chapter 88
Chapter 89
Chapter 90
Chapter 91
Chapter 92
Chapter 93
Chapter 94
Chapter 95
Chapter 96
Chapter 97
Chapter 98
Chapter 99
Chapter 100
Chapter 101
Chapter 102
Chapter 103
Chapter 104
Chapter 105
Chapter 106
Chapter 107
Chapter 108
Chapter 109
Chapter 110
Chapter 111
Chapter 112
Chapter 113
Chapter 114
Chapter 115
Chapter 116
Chapter 117
Chapter 118
Chapter 119
Chapter 120
Chapter 121
Chapter 122
Chapter 123
Chapter 124
Chapter 125
Chapter 126
Chapter 127
Chapter 128
Chapter 129
Chapter 130
Chapter 131
Chapter 132
Chapter 133
Chapter 134
Chapter 135
Chapter 136
Chapter 137
Chapter 138
Chapter 139
Chapter 140
Chapter 141
Chapter 142
Chapter 143
Chapter 144
Chapter 145
Chapter 146
Chapter 147
Chapter 148
Chapter 149
Chapter 150
Chapter 151
Chapter 152
Chapter 153
Chapter 154
Chapter 155
Chapter 156
Chapter 157
Chapter 158
Chapter 159
Chapter 160
Chapter 161
Chapter 162
Chapter 163
Chapter 164
Chapter 165
Chapter 166
Chapter 167
Chapter 168
Chapter 169
Chapter 170
Chapter 171
Chapter 172
Chapter 173
karṇa parva
Chapter 1
Chapter 2
Chapter 3
Chapter 4
Chapter 5
Chapter 6
Chapter 7
Chapter 8
Chapter 9
Chapter 10
Chapter 11
Chapter 12
Chapter 13
Chapter 14
Chapter 15
Chapter 16
Chapter 17
Chapter 18
Chapter 19
Chapter 20
Chapter 21
Chapter 22
Chapter 23
Chapter 24
Chapter 25
Chapter 26
Chapter 27
Chapter 28
Chapter 29
Chapter 30
Chapter 31
Chapter 32
Chapter 33
Chapter 34
Chapter 35
Chapter 36
Chapter 37
Chapter 38
Chapter 39
Chapter 40
Chapter 41
Chapter 42
Chapter 43
Chapter 44
Chapter 45
Chapter 46
Chapter 47
Chapter 48
Chapter 49
Chapter 50
Chapter 51
Chapter 52
Chapter 53
Chapter 54
Chapter 55
Chapter 56
Chapter 57
Chapter 58
Chapter 59
Chapter 60
Chapter 61
Chapter 62
Chapter 63
Chapter 64
Chapter 65
Chapter 66
Chapter 67
Chapter 68
Chapter 69
śalya parva
Chapter 1
Chapter 2
Chapter 3
Chapter 4
Chapter 5
Chapter 6
Chapter 7
Chapter 8
Chapter 9
Chapter 10
Chapter 11
Chapter 12
Chapter 13
Chapter 14
Chapter 15
Chapter 16
Chapter 17
Chapter 18
Chapter 19
Chapter 20
Chapter 21
Chapter 22
Chapter 23
Chapter 24
Chapter 25
Chapter 26
Chapter 27
Chapter 28
Chapter 29
Chapter 30
Chapter 31
Chapter 32
Chapter 33
Chapter 34
Chapter 35
Chapter 36
Chapter 37
Chapter 38
Chapter 39
Chapter 40
Chapter 41
Chapter 42
Chapter 43
Chapter 44
Chapter 45
Chapter 46
Chapter 47
Chapter 48
Chapter 49
Chapter 50
Chapter 51
Chapter 52
Chapter 53
Chapter 54
Chapter 55
Chapter 56
Chapter 57
Chapter 58
Chapter 59
Chapter 60
Chapter 61
Chapter 62
Chapter 63
Chapter 64
sauptika parva
strī parva
śānti parva (current book)
Chapter 1
Chapter 2
Chapter 3
Chapter 4
Chapter 5
Chapter 6
Chapter 7
Chapter 8
Chapter 9
Chapter 10
Chapter 11
Chapter 12
Chapter 13
Chapter 14
Chapter 15
Chapter 16
Chapter 17
Chapter 18
Chapter 19
Chapter 20
Chapter 21
Chapter 22
Chapter 23
Chapter 24
Chapter 25
Chapter 26
Chapter 27
Chapter 28
Chapter 29
Chapter 30
Chapter 31
Chapter 32
Chapter 33
Chapter 34
Chapter 35
Chapter 36
Chapter 37
Chapter 38
Chapter 39
Chapter 40
Chapter 41
Chapter 42
Chapter 43
Chapter 44
Chapter 45
Chapter 46
Chapter 47
Chapter 48
Chapter 49
Chapter 50
Chapter 51
Chapter 52
Chapter 53
Chapter 54
Chapter 55
Chapter 56 (current chapter)
Chapter 57
Chapter 58
Chapter 59
Chapter 60
Chapter 61
Chapter 62
Chapter 63
Chapter 64
Chapter 65
Chapter 66
Chapter 67
Chapter 68
Chapter 69
Chapter 70
Chapter 71
Chapter 72
Chapter 73
Chapter 74
Chapter 75
Chapter 76
Chapter 77
Chapter 78
Chapter 79
Chapter 80
Chapter 81
Chapter 82
Chapter 83
Chapter 84
Chapter 85
Chapter 86
Chapter 87
Chapter 88
Chapter 89
Chapter 90
Chapter 91
Chapter 92
Chapter 93
Chapter 94
Chapter 95
Chapter 96
Chapter 97
Chapter 98
Chapter 99
Chapter 100
Chapter 101
Chapter 102
Chapter 103
Chapter 104
Chapter 105
Chapter 106
Chapter 107
Chapter 108
Chapter 109
Chapter 110
Chapter 111
Chapter 112
Chapter 113
Chapter 114
Chapter 115
Chapter 116
Chapter 117
Chapter 118
Chapter 119
Chapter 120
Chapter 121
Chapter 122
Chapter 123
Chapter 124
Chapter 125
Chapter 126
Chapter 127
Chapter 128
Chapter 129
Chapter 130
Chapter 131
Chapter 132
Chapter 133
Chapter 134
Chapter 135
Chapter 136
Chapter 137
Chapter 138
Chapter 139
Chapter 140
Chapter 141
Chapter 142
Chapter 143
Chapter 144
Chapter 145
Chapter 146
Chapter 147
Chapter 148
Chapter 149
Chapter 150
Chapter 151
Chapter 152
Chapter 153
Chapter 154
Chapter 155
Chapter 156
Chapter 157
Chapter 158
Chapter 159
Chapter 160
Chapter 161
Chapter 162
Chapter 163
Chapter 164
Chapter 165
Chapter 166
Chapter 167
Chapter 168
Chapter 169
Chapter 170
Chapter 171
Chapter 172
Chapter 173
Chapter 174
Chapter 175
Chapter 176
Chapter 177
Chapter 178
Chapter 179
Chapter 180
Chapter 181
Chapter 182
Chapter 183
Chapter 184
Chapter 185
Chapter 186
Chapter 187
Chapter 188
Chapter 189
Chapter 190
Chapter 191
Chapter 192
Chapter 193
Chapter 194
Chapter 195
Chapter 196
Chapter 197
Chapter 198
Chapter 199
Chapter 200
Chapter 201
Chapter 202
Chapter 203
Chapter 204
Chapter 205
Chapter 206
Chapter 207
Chapter 208
Chapter 209
Chapter 210
Chapter 211
Chapter 212
Chapter 213
Chapter 214
Chapter 215
Chapter 216
Chapter 217
Chapter 218
Chapter 219
Chapter 220
Chapter 221
Chapter 222
Chapter 223
Chapter 224
Chapter 225
Chapter 226
Chapter 227
Chapter 228
Chapter 229
Chapter 230
Chapter 231
Chapter 232
Chapter 233
Chapter 234
Chapter 235
Chapter 236
Chapter 237
Chapter 238
Chapter 239
Chapter 240
Chapter 241
Chapter 242
Chapter 243
Chapter 244
Chapter 245
Chapter 246
Chapter 247
Chapter 248
Chapter 249
Chapter 250
Chapter 251
Chapter 252
Chapter 253
Chapter 254
Chapter 255
Chapter 256
Chapter 257
Chapter 258
Chapter 259
Chapter 260
Chapter 261
Chapter 262
Chapter 263
Chapter 264
Chapter 265
Chapter 266
Chapter 267
Chapter 268
Chapter 269
Chapter 270
Chapter 271
Chapter 272
Chapter 273
Chapter 274
Chapter 275
Chapter 276
Chapter 277
Chapter 278
Chapter 279
Chapter 280
Chapter 281
Chapter 282
Chapter 283
Chapter 284
Chapter 285
Chapter 286
Chapter 287
Chapter 288
Chapter 289
Chapter 290
Chapter 291
Chapter 292
Chapter 293
Chapter 294
Chapter 295
Chapter 296
Chapter 297
Chapter 298
Chapter 299
Chapter 300
Chapter 301
Chapter 302
Chapter 303
Chapter 304
Chapter 305
Chapter 306
Chapter 307
Chapter 308
Chapter 309
Chapter 310
Chapter 311
Chapter 312
Chapter 313
Chapter 314
Chapter 315
Chapter 316
Chapter 317
Chapter 318
Chapter 319
Chapter 320
Chapter 321
Chapter 322
Chapter 323
Chapter 324
Chapter 325
Chapter 326
Chapter 327
Chapter 328
Chapter 329
Chapter 330
Chapter 331
Chapter 332
Chapter 333
Chapter 334
Chapter 335
Chapter 336
Chapter 337
Chapter 338
Chapter 339
Chapter 340
Chapter 341
Chapter 342
Chapter 343
Chapter 344
Chapter 345
Chapter 346
Chapter 347
Chapter 348
Chapter 349
Chapter 350
Chapter 351
Chapter 352
Chapter 353
anuśāsana parva
Chapter 1
Chapter 2
Chapter 3
Chapter 4
Chapter 5
Chapter 6
Chapter 7
Chapter 8
Chapter 9
Chapter 10
Chapter 11
Chapter 12
Chapter 13
Chapter 14
Chapter 15
Chapter 16
Chapter 17
Chapter 18
Chapter 19
Chapter 20
Chapter 21
Chapter 22
Chapter 23
Chapter 24
Chapter 25
Chapter 26
Chapter 27
Chapter 28
Chapter 29
Chapter 30
Chapter 31
Chapter 32
Chapter 33
Chapter 34
Chapter 35
Chapter 36
Chapter 37
Chapter 38
Chapter 39
Chapter 40
Chapter 41
Chapter 42
Chapter 43
Chapter 44
Chapter 45
Chapter 46
Chapter 47
Chapter 48
Chapter 49
Chapter 50
Chapter 51
Chapter 52
Chapter 53
Chapter 54
Chapter 55
Chapter 56
Chapter 57
Chapter 58
Chapter 59
Chapter 60
Chapter 61
Chapter 62
Chapter 63
Chapter 64
Chapter 65
Chapter 66
Chapter 67
Chapter 68
Chapter 69
Chapter 70
Chapter 71
Chapter 72
Chapter 73
Chapter 74
Chapter 75
Chapter 76
Chapter 77
Chapter 78
Chapter 79
Chapter 80
Chapter 81
Chapter 82
Chapter 83
Chapter 84
Chapter 85
Chapter 86
Chapter 87
Chapter 88
Chapter 89
Chapter 90
Chapter 91
Chapter 92
Chapter 93
Chapter 94
Chapter 95
Chapter 96
Chapter 97
Chapter 98
Chapter 99
Chapter 100
Chapter 101
Chapter 102
Chapter 103
Chapter 104
Chapter 105
Chapter 106
Chapter 107
Chapter 108
Chapter 109
Chapter 110
Chapter 111
Chapter 112
Chapter 113
Chapter 114
Chapter 115
Chapter 116
Chapter 117
Chapter 118
Chapter 119
Chapter 120
Chapter 121
Chapter 122
Chapter 123
Chapter 124
Chapter 125
Chapter 126
Chapter 127
Chapter 128
Chapter 129
Chapter 130
Chapter 131
Chapter 132
Chapter 133
Chapter 134
Chapter 135
Chapter 136
Chapter 137
Chapter 138
Chapter 139
Chapter 140
Chapter 141
Chapter 142
Chapter 143
Chapter 144
Chapter 145
Chapter 146
Chapter 147
Chapter 148
Chapter 149
Chapter 150
Chapter 151
Chapter 152
Chapter 153
Chapter 154
aśvamedhika parva
Chapter 1
Chapter 2
Chapter 3
Chapter 4
Chapter 5
Chapter 6
Chapter 7
Chapter 8
Chapter 9
Chapter 10
Chapter 11
Chapter 12
Chapter 13
Chapter 14
Chapter 15
Chapter 16
Chapter 17
Chapter 18
Chapter 19
Chapter 20
Chapter 21
Chapter 22
Chapter 23
Chapter 24
Chapter 25
Chapter 26
Chapter 27
Chapter 28
Chapter 29
Chapter 30
Chapter 31
Chapter 32
Chapter 33
Chapter 34
Chapter 35
Chapter 36
Chapter 37
Chapter 38
Chapter 39
Chapter 40
Chapter 41
Chapter 42
Chapter 43
Chapter 44
Chapter 45
Chapter 46
Chapter 47
Chapter 48
Chapter 49
Chapter 50
Chapter 51
Chapter 52
Chapter 53
Chapter 54
Chapter 55
Chapter 56
Chapter 57
Chapter 58
Chapter 59
Chapter 60
Chapter 61
Chapter 62
Chapter 63
Chapter 64
Chapter 65
Chapter 66
Chapter 67
Chapter 68
Chapter 69
Chapter 70
Chapter 71
Chapter 72
Chapter 73
Chapter 74
Chapter 75
Chapter 76
Chapter 77
Chapter 78
Chapter 79
Chapter 80
Chapter 81
Chapter 82
Chapter 83
Chapter 84
Chapter 85
Chapter 86
Chapter 87
Chapter 88
Chapter 89
Chapter 90
Chapter 91
Chapter 92
Chapter 93
Chapter 94
Chapter 95
Chapter 96
āśramavāsika parva
Chapter 1
Chapter 2
Chapter 3
Chapter 4
Chapter 5
Chapter 6
Chapter 7
Chapter 8
Chapter 9
Chapter 10
Chapter 11
Chapter 12
Chapter 13
Chapter 14
Chapter 15
Chapter 16
Chapter 17
Chapter 18
Chapter 19
Chapter 20
Chapter 21
Chapter 22
Chapter 23
Chapter 24
Chapter 25
Chapter 26
Chapter 27
Chapter 28
Chapter 29
Chapter 30
Chapter 31
Chapter 32
Chapter 33
Chapter 34
Chapter 35
Chapter 36
Chapter 37
Chapter 38
Chapter 39
Chapter 40
Chapter 41
Chapter 42
Chapter 43
Chapter 44
Chapter 45
Chapter 46
Chapter 47