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महाभारतः       mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-2

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वैशंपायन उवाच ।
एवमुक्तस्तु राज्ञा स धृतराष्ट्रेण धीमता ।
तूष्णीं बभूव मेधावी तमुवाचाथ केशवः ॥१॥
1. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
evamuktastu rājñā sa dhṛtarāṣṭreṇa dhīmatā ,
tūṣṇīṁ babhūva medhāvī tamuvācātha keśavaḥ.
1. vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca | evam uktaḥ tu rājñā sa dhṛtarāṣṭreṇa
dhīmatā | tūṣṇīm babhūva medhāvī tam uvāca atha keśavaḥ
1. vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca saḥ medhāvī dhīmatā dhṛtarāṣṭreṇa
rājñā evam uktaḥ tu tūṣṇīm babhūva atha keśavaḥ tam uvāca
1. Vaiśampāyana said: When he, that intelligent one, was thus addressed by the wise king Dhṛtarāṣṭra, he remained silent. Then Keśava spoke to him.
अतीव मनसा शोकः क्रियमाणो जनाधिप ।
संतापयति वैतस्य पूर्वप्रेतान्पितामहान् ॥२॥
2. atīva manasā śokaḥ kriyamāṇo janādhipa ,
saṁtāpayati vaitasya pūrvapretānpitāmahān.
2. atīva manasā śokaḥ kriyamāṇaḥ janādhipa |
saṃtāpayati vai asya pūrvapretān pitāmahān
2. janādhipa manasā atīva kriyamāṇaḥ śokaḥ
vai asya pūrvapretān pitāmahān saṃtāpayati
2. Oh King, excessive sorrow harbored in the mind indeed causes distress to his departed ancestors.
यजस्व विविधैर्यज्ञैर्बहुभिः स्वाप्तदक्षिणैः ।
देवांस्तर्पय सोमेन स्वधया च पितॄनपि ॥३॥
3. yajasva vividhairyajñairbahubhiḥ svāptadakṣiṇaiḥ ,
devāṁstarpaya somena svadhayā ca pitṝnapi.
3. yajasva vividhaiḥ yajñaiḥ bahubhiḥ svāptadakṣiṇaiḥ
| devān tarpaya somena svadhayā ca pitṝn api
3. vividhaiḥ bahubhiḥ svāptadakṣiṇaiḥ yajñaiḥ
yajasva somena devān tarpaya ca svadhayā pitṝn api
3. Perform many different Vedic rituals (yajña) with appropriate and abundant sacrificial fees. Gratify the gods with Soma and also the ancestors (pitṛ) with ancestral oblations (svadhā).
त्वद्विधस्य महाबुद्धे नैतदद्योपपद्यते ।
विदितं वेदितव्यं ते कर्तव्यमपि ते कृतम् ॥४॥
4. tvadvidhasya mahābuddhe naitadadyopapadyate ,
viditaṁ veditavyaṁ te kartavyamapi te kṛtam.
4. tvadvidhasya mahābudhe na etat adya upapadyate
| viditam veditavyam te kartavyam api te kṛtam
4. mahābudhe tvadvidhasya etat adya na upapadyate
te veditavyam viditam te kartavyam api kṛtam
4. For one like you, O highly intelligent one, this (grief) is not appropriate now. That which was to be known has been known by you, and that which was to be done has also been accomplished by you.
श्रुताश्च राजधर्मास्ते भीष्माद्भागीरथीसुतात् ।
कृष्णद्वैपायनाच्चैव नारदाद्विदुरात्तथा ॥५॥
5. śrutāśca rājadharmāste bhīṣmādbhāgīrathīsutāt ,
kṛṣṇadvaipāyanāccaiva nāradādvidurāttathā.
5. śrutāḥ ca rājadharmāḥ te bhīṣmāt bhāgīrathīsutāt
kṛṣṇadvaipāyanāt ca eva nāradāt vidurāt tathā
5. te rājadharmāḥ bhīṣmāt bhāgīrathīsutāt ca
kṛṣṇadvaipāyanāt eva nāradāt vidurāt tathā ca śrutāḥ
5. You have heard those principles of righteous governance (dharma) from Bhishma, the son of Bhagirathi, and indeed from Krishna Dvaipayana, as well as from Narada and Vidura.
नेमामर्हसि मूढानां वृत्तिं त्वमनुवर्तितुम् ।
पितृपैतामहीं वृत्तिमास्थाय धुरमुद्वह ॥६॥
6. nemāmarhasi mūḍhānāṁ vṛttiṁ tvamanuvartitum ,
pitṛpaitāmahīṁ vṛttimāsthāya dhuramudvaha.
6. na imām arhasi mūḍhānām vṛttim tvam anuvartitum
pitṛpaitāmahīm vṛttim āsthāya dhuram udvaha
6. tvam imām mūḍhānām vṛttim anuvartitum na arhasi
pitṛpaitāmahīm vṛttim āsthāya dhuram udvaha
6. You should not imitate this behavior of the foolish. Rather, upholding your ancestral way of life, carry on your responsibility.
युक्तं हि यशसा क्षत्रं स्वर्गं प्राप्तुमसंशयम् ।
न हि कश्चन शूराणां निहतोऽत्र पराङ्मुखः ॥७॥
7. yuktaṁ hi yaśasā kṣatraṁ svargaṁ prāptumasaṁśayam ,
na hi kaścana śūrāṇāṁ nihato'tra parāṅmukhaḥ.
7. yuktam hi yaśasā kṣatram svargam prāptum asaṃśayam
na hi kaścana śūrāṇām nihataḥ atra parāṅmukhaḥ
7. kṣatram yaśasā yuktam svargam prāptum hi asaṃśayam
hi atra śūrāṇām kaścana nihataḥ parāṅmukhaḥ na
7. Indeed, it is certainly fitting for a warrior (kṣatram) to attain heaven with glory. For no hero slain in battle here has ever turned his back.
त्यज शोकं महाराज भवितव्यं हि तत्तथा ।
न शक्यास्ते पुनर्द्रष्टुं त्वया ह्यस्मिन्रणे हताः ॥८॥
8. tyaja śokaṁ mahārāja bhavitavyaṁ hi tattathā ,
na śakyāste punardraṣṭuṁ tvayā hyasminraṇe hatāḥ.
8. tyaja śokam mahārāja bhavitavyam hi tat tathā na
śakyāḥ te punar draṣṭum tvayā hi asmin raṇe hatāḥ
8. mahārāja śokam tyaja hi tat tathā bhavitavyam hi
tvayā asmin raṇe hatāḥ te punar draṣṭum na śakyāḥ
8. O great king, relinquish your sorrow! For what is destined (bhavitavya) must indeed come to pass. Those killed by you in this battle cannot be seen again.
एतावदुक्त्वा गोविन्दो धर्मराजं युधिष्ठिरम् ।
विरराम महातेजास्तमुवाच युधिष्ठिरः ॥९॥
9. etāvaduktvā govindo dharmarājaṁ yudhiṣṭhiram ,
virarāma mahātejāstamuvāca yudhiṣṭhiraḥ.
9. etāvat uktvā govindaḥ dharmarājam yudhiṣṭhiram
virarāma mahātejāḥ tam uvāca yudhiṣṭhiraḥ
9. govindaḥ mahātejāḥ dharmarājam yudhiṣṭhiram
etāvat uktvā virarāma yudhiṣṭhiraḥ tam uvāca
9. Having spoken thus to Dharmaraja (Yudhiṣṭhira), Govinda, the greatly effulgent one, fell silent. Then Yudhiṣṭhira spoke to him.
गोविन्द मयि या प्रीतिस्तव सा विदिता मम ।
सौहृदेन तथा प्रेम्णा सदा मामनुकम्पसे ॥१०॥
10. govinda mayi yā prītistava sā viditā mama ,
sauhṛdena tathā premṇā sadā māmanukampase.
10. govinda mayi yā prītiḥ tava sā viditā mama
sauhṛdena tathā premṇā sadā mām anukampase
10. govinda mayi tava yā prītiḥ sā mama viditā
sauhṛdena tathā premṇā sadā mām anukampase
10. O Govinda, the affection you have for me is well known to me. You always show compassion towards me through friendship and love.
प्रियं तु मे स्यात्सुमहत्कृतं चक्रगदाधर ।
श्रीमन्प्रीतेन मनसा सर्वं यादवनन्दन ॥११॥
11. priyaṁ tu me syātsumahatkṛtaṁ cakragadādhara ,
śrīmanprītena manasā sarvaṁ yādavanandana.
11. priyam tu me syāt sumahat kṛtam cakragadādhara
śrīman prītena manasā sarvam yādavanandana
11. cakragadādhara śrīman yādavanandana me priyam
sumahat kṛtam tu syāt sarvam prītena manasā
11. O wielder of discus and mace (Cakragadādhara), O glorious one, O delight of the Yadus (Yādavanandana)! It would be a very great and pleasing act for me if all this were accomplished with a pleased mind.
यदि मामनुजानीयाद्भवान्गन्तुं तपोवनम् ।
न हि शान्तिं प्रपश्यामि घातयित्वा पितामहम् ।
कर्णं च पुरुषव्याघ्रं संग्रामेष्वपलायिनम् ॥१२॥
12. yadi māmanujānīyādbhavāngantuṁ tapovanam ,
na hi śāntiṁ prapaśyāmi ghātayitvā pitāmaham ,
karṇaṁ ca puruṣavyāghraṁ saṁgrāmeṣvapalāyinam.
12. yadi mām anujānīyāt bhavān gantum
tapovanam na hi śāntim prapaśyāmi
ghātayitvā pitāmaham karṇam ca
puruṣavyāghram saṅgrāmeṣu apalāyinam
12. yadi bhavān mām tapovanam gantum
anujānīyāt hi pitāmaham karṇam ca
puruṣavyāghram saṅgrāmeṣu apalāyinam
ghātayitvā śāntim na prapaśyāmi
12. If your honor would permit me to go to the penance-grove (tapovanam), for I truly find no peace after having caused the death of grandfather (Pitāmaha) and Karṇa, that tiger among men who never retreated in battles.
कर्मणा येन मुच्येयमस्मात्क्रूरादरिंदम ।
कर्मणस्तद्विधत्स्वेह येन शुध्यति मे मनः ॥१३॥
13. karmaṇā yena mucyeyamasmātkrūrādariṁdama ,
karmaṇastadvidhatsveha yena śudhyati me manaḥ.
13. karmaṇā yena mucyeyam asmāt krūrāt aridama
karmaṇaḥ tat vidhatsva iha yena śudhyati me manaḥ
13. aridama yena karmaṇā asmāt krūrāt karmaṇaḥ mucyeyam,
iha tat vidhatsva,
yena me manaḥ śudhyati.
13. O subduer of enemies, by which action (karma) I may be freed from this cruel deed, perform that very action here, so that my mind may become pure.
तमेवंवादिनं व्यासस्ततः प्रोवाच धर्मवित् ।
सान्त्वयन्सुमहातेजाः शुभं वचनमर्थवत् ॥१४॥
14. tamevaṁvādinaṁ vyāsastataḥ provāca dharmavit ,
sāntvayansumahātejāḥ śubhaṁ vacanamarthavat.
14. tam evamvādinam vyāsaḥ tataḥ provāca dharmavit
sāntvayan sumahātejāḥ śubham vacanam arthavat
14. tataḥ sāntvayan sumahātejāḥ dharmavit vyāsaḥ tam evamvādinam śubham arthavat vacanam provāca.
14. Then Vyasa, who knew the natural law (dharma), consoling him, and possessed of great splendor, spoke auspicious and meaningful words to him who was speaking thus.
अकृता ते मतिस्तात पुनर्बाल्येन मुह्यसे ।
किमाकाशे वयं सर्वे प्रलपाम मुहुर्मुहुः ॥१५॥
15. akṛtā te matistāta punarbālyena muhyase ,
kimākāśe vayaṁ sarve pralapāma muhurmuhuḥ.
15. akṛtā te matiḥ tāta punaḥ bālyena muhyase
kim ākāśe vayam sarve pralapāma muhurmuhuḥ
15. tāta,
te matiḥ akṛtā; punaḥ bālyena muhyase.
kim vayam sarve muhurmuhuḥ ākāśe pralapāma?
15. O dear child (tāta), your intellect is immature, and you are again bewildered by childishness. Are we all repeatedly babbling into the empty sky?
विदिताः क्षत्रधर्मास्ते येषां युद्धेन जीविका ।
यथा प्रवृत्तो नृपतिर्नाधिबन्धेन युज्यते ॥१६॥
16. viditāḥ kṣatradharmāste yeṣāṁ yuddhena jīvikā ,
yathā pravṛtto nṛpatirnādhibandhena yujyate.
16. viditāḥ kṣatradharmāḥ te yeṣām yuddhena jīvikā
yathā pravṛttaḥ nṛpatiḥ na adhibandhena yujyate
16. kṣatradharmāḥ viditāḥ te yeṣām jīvikā yuddhena [asti].
yathā pravṛttaḥ nṛpatiḥ adhibandhena na yujyate.
16. The duties of a warrior (kṣatradharma) are well-known to those whose livelihood is by warfare. Just as a king engaged (in battle) is not bound by restrictions.
मोक्षधर्माश्च निखिला याथातथ्येन ते श्रुताः ।
असकृच्चैव संदेहाश्छिन्नास्ते कामजा मया ॥१७॥
17. mokṣadharmāśca nikhilā yāthātathyena te śrutāḥ ,
asakṛccaiva saṁdehāśchinnāste kāmajā mayā.
17. mokṣadharmāḥ ca nikhilāḥ yāthātathyena te śrutāḥ
asakṛt ca eva saṃdehāḥ chinnāḥ te kāmajāḥ mayā
17. te nikhilāḥ mokṣadharmāḥ ca yāthātathyena śrutāḥ
asakṛt ca eva mayā te kāmajāḥ saṃdehāḥ chinnāḥ
17. You have accurately heard all the principles of liberation (mokṣa). Indeed, your desire-born doubts have been repeatedly dispelled by me.
अश्रद्दधानो दुर्मेधा लुप्तस्मृतिरसि ध्रुवम् ।
मैवं भव न ते युक्तमिदमज्ञानमीदृशम् ॥१८॥
18. aśraddadhāno durmedhā luptasmṛtirasi dhruvam ,
maivaṁ bhava na te yuktamidamajñānamīdṛśam.
18. aśraddadhānaḥ durmedhāḥ luptasmṛtiḥ asi dhruvam
mā evam bhava na te yuktam idam ajñānam īdṛśam
18. dhruvam tvam aśraddadhānaḥ durmedhāḥ luptasmṛtiḥ
asi evam mā bhava īdṛśam idam ajñānam te na yuktam
18. You are certainly faithless, dull-witted, and your memory is lost. Do not be like this; such ignorance is not befitting for you.
प्रायश्चित्तानि सर्वाणि विदितानि च तेऽनघ ।
युद्धधर्माश्च ते सर्वे दानधर्माश्च ते श्रुताः ॥१९॥
19. prāyaścittāni sarvāṇi viditāni ca te'nagha ,
yuddhadharmāśca te sarve dānadharmāśca te śrutāḥ.
19. prāyaścittāni sarvāṇi viditāni ca te anagha
yuddhādharmāḥ ca te sarve dānadharmāḥ ca te śrutāḥ
19. anagha,
te sarvāṇi prāyaścittāni ca viditāni te sarve yuddhādharmāḥ ca te dānadharmāḥ ca śrutāḥ
19. O sinless one, all expiations are known to you. And all the principles of combat (dharma) and the principles of generosity (dharma) have been heard by you.
स कथं सर्वधर्मज्ञः सर्वागमविशारदः ।
परिमुह्यसि भूयस्त्वमज्ञानादिव भारत ॥२०॥
20. sa kathaṁ sarvadharmajñaḥ sarvāgamaviśāradaḥ ,
parimuhyasi bhūyastvamajñānādiva bhārata.
20. sa katham sarvadharmajñaḥ sarvāgamaviśāradaḥ
parimuhyasi bhūyaḥ tvam ajñānāt iva bhārata
20. bhārata,
sarvadharmajñaḥ sarvāgamaviśāradaḥ saḥ tvam katham ajñānāt iva bhūyaḥ parimuhyasi?
20. O Bhārata, how can you, who are a knower of all principles (dharma) and an expert in all traditional teachings (āgama), be bewildered again, as if from ignorance?