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महाभारतः       mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-4

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संजय उवाच ।
एवमुक्तस्ततो राजा गौतमेन यशस्विना ।
निःश्वस्य दीर्घमुष्णं च तूष्णीमासीद्विशां पते ॥१॥
1. saṁjaya uvāca ,
evamuktastato rājā gautamena yaśasvinā ,
niḥśvasya dīrghamuṣṇaṁ ca tūṣṇīmāsīdviśāṁ pate.
1. sañjaya uvāca evam uktaḥ tataḥ rājā gautamena yaśasvinā
niḥśvasya dīrgham uṣṇam ca tūṣṇīm āsīt viśām pate
1. sañjaya uvāca gautamena yaśasvinā evam uktaḥ tataḥ
rājā dīrgham uṣṇam ca niḥśvasya tūṣṇīm āsīt viśām pate
1. Sañjaya said: "Having thus been addressed by the renowned Gautama, the king then sighed deeply and warmly, and remained silent, O lord of men."
ततो मुहूर्तं स ध्यात्वा धार्तराष्ट्रो महामनाः ।
कृपं शारद्वतं वाक्यमित्युवाच परंतपः ॥२॥
2. tato muhūrtaṁ sa dhyātvā dhārtarāṣṭro mahāmanāḥ ,
kṛpaṁ śāradvataṁ vākyamityuvāca paraṁtapaḥ.
2. tataḥ muhūrtam saḥ dhyātvā dhārtarāṣṭraḥ mahāmanāḥ
kṛpam śāradvatam vākyam iti uvāca paraṃtapaḥ
2. tataḥ saḥ mahāmanāḥ dhārtarāṣṭraḥ paraṃtapaḥ
muhūrtam dhyātvā iti vākyam śāradvatam kṛpam uvāca
2. Then, having reflected (dhyāna) for a moment, that great-minded Duryodhana, the tormentor of foes, spoke these words to Kṛpa, the son of Śaradvat.
यत्किंचित्सुहृदा वाच्यं तत्सर्वं श्रावितो ह्यहम् ।
कृतं च भवता सर्वं प्राणान्संत्यज्य युध्यता ॥३॥
3. yatkiṁcitsuhṛdā vācyaṁ tatsarvaṁ śrāvito hyaham ,
kṛtaṁ ca bhavatā sarvaṁ prāṇānsaṁtyajya yudhyatā.
3. yatkiṃcit suhṛdā vācyam tat sarvam śrāvitaḥ hi aham
kṛtam ca bhavatā sarvam prāṇān saṃtyajya yudhyatā
3. yat kiṃcit suhṛdā vācyam tat sarvam aham hi śrāvitaḥ
ca bhavatā prāṇān saṃtyajya yudhyatā sarvam kṛtam
3. I have indeed been told all that a loyal friend (suhṛd) should say. And you have accomplished everything, fighting even to the point of giving up your very life (prāṇa).
गाहमानमनीकानि युध्यमानं महारथैः ।
पाण्डवैरतितेजोभिर्लोकस्त्वामनुदृष्टवान् ॥४॥
4. gāhamānamanīkāni yudhyamānaṁ mahārathaiḥ ,
pāṇḍavairatitejobhirlokastvāmanudṛṣṭavān.
4. gāhamānam anīkāni yudhyamānam mahārathaiḥ
pāṇḍavaiḥ atitejobhiḥ lokaḥ tvām anudṛṣṭavān
4. lokaḥ tvām anīkāni gāhamānam mahārathaiḥ
atitejobhiḥ pāṇḍavaiḥ yudhyamānam anudṛṣṭavān
4. The world (loka) has seen you plunging into armies and fighting against great chariot-warriors (mahāratha) and the exceedingly powerful Pāṇḍavas.
सुहृदा यदिदं वाच्यं भवता श्रावितो ह्यहम् ।
न मां प्रीणाति तत्सर्वं मुमूर्षोरिव भेषजम् ॥५॥
5. suhṛdā yadidaṁ vācyaṁ bhavatā śrāvito hyaham ,
na māṁ prīṇāti tatsarvaṁ mumūrṣoriva bheṣajam.
5. suhṛdā yat idam vācyam bhavatā śrāvitaḥ hi aham
na mām prīṇāti tat sarvam mumūrṣoḥ iva bheṣajam
5. suhṛdā bhavatā yat idam vācyam aham hi śrāvitaḥ
tat sarvam mumūrṣoḥ bheṣajam iva mām na prīṇāti
5. I have indeed been informed by you, my loyal friend (suhṛd), of all that should be said. However, all of it does not please me, just as medicine (bheṣaja) does not please one who desires to die.
हेतुकारणसंयुक्तं हितं वचनमुत्तमम् ।
उच्यमानं महाबाहो न मे विप्राग्र्य रोचते ॥६॥
6. hetukāraṇasaṁyuktaṁ hitaṁ vacanamuttamam ,
ucyamānaṁ mahābāho na me viprāgrya rocate.
6. hetukāraṇasaṃyuktam hitam vacanam uttamam
ucyamānam mahābāho na me viprāgrya rocate
6. mahābāho viprāgrya hetukāraṇasaṃyuktam
hitam uttamam vacanam ucyamānam me na rocate
6. O mighty-armed one, O best among Brahmins, even excellent and beneficial counsel, supported by reasons and logic, does not please me when it is spoken.
राज्याद्विनिकृतोऽस्माभिः कथं सोऽस्मासु विश्वसेत् ।
अक्षद्यूते च नृपतिर्जितोऽस्माभिर्महाधनः ।
स कथं मम वाक्यानि श्रद्दध्याद्भूय एव तु ॥७॥
7. rājyādvinikṛto'smābhiḥ kathaṁ so'smāsu viśvaset ,
akṣadyūte ca nṛpatirjito'smābhirmahādhanaḥ ,
sa kathaṁ mama vākyāni śraddadhyādbhūya eva tu.
7. rājyāt vinikṛtaḥ asmābhiḥ katham saḥ
asmāsu viśvaset akṣadyūte ca nṛpatiḥ
jitaḥ asmābhiḥ mahādhanaḥ saḥ katham
mama vākyāni śraddadhyāt bhūyaḥ eva tu
7. asmābhiḥ rājyāt vinikṛtaḥ saḥ asmāsu
katham viśvaset ca akṣadyūte asmābhiḥ
jitaḥ mahādhanaḥ nṛpatiḥ saḥ bhūyaḥ
eva tu mama vākyāni katham śraddadhyāt
7. How would he trust us, after being deprived of his kingdom by us? Furthermore, how would that king, who was of great wealth and defeated by us in the game of dice, ever believe my words again?
तथा दौत्येन संप्राप्तः कृष्णः पार्थहिते रतः ।
प्रलब्धश्च हृषीकेशस्तच्च कर्म विरोधितम् ।
स च मे वचनं ब्रह्मन्कथमेवाभिमंस्यते ॥८॥
8. tathā dautyena saṁprāptaḥ kṛṣṇaḥ pārthahite rataḥ ,
pralabdhaśca hṛṣīkeśastacca karma virodhitam ,
sa ca me vacanaṁ brahmankathamevābhimaṁsyate.
8. tathā dautyena samprāptaḥ kṛṣṇaḥ
pārthahite rataḥ pralabdhaḥ ca hṛṣīkeśaḥ
tat ca karma virodhitam saḥ ca me
vacanam brahman katham eva abhimansyate
8. tathā pārthahite rataḥ kṛṣṇaḥ dautyena
samprāptaḥ ca hṛṣīkeśaḥ pralabdhaḥ
ca tat karma virodhitam ca brahman
saḥ me vacanam katham eva abhimansyate
8. Indeed, Krishna (Hṛṣīkeśa) arrived as an envoy, intent on the welfare of Pārtha (Arjuna). He was misled, and that mission was obstructed by us. So how, O Brahmin, will he (Krishna) ever approve of my words?
विललाप हि यत्कृष्णा सभामध्ये समेयुषी ।
न तन्मर्षयते कृष्णो न राज्यहरणं तथा ॥९॥
9. vilalāpa hi yatkṛṣṇā sabhāmadhye sameyuṣī ,
na tanmarṣayate kṛṣṇo na rājyaharaṇaṁ tathā.
9. vilalāpa hi yat kṛṣṇā sabhāmadhye sameyuṣī na
tat marṣayate kṛṣṇaḥ na rājyaharaṇam tathā
9. hi yat kṛṣṇā sabhāmadhye sameyuṣī vilalāpa
tat kṛṣṇaḥ na marṣayate tathā na rājyaharaṇam
9. Indeed, Krishna (Draupadī) lamented in the midst of the assembly; Krishna (Vāsudeva) does not tolerate that, nor does he tolerate the seizure of the kingdom.
एकप्राणावुभौ कृष्णावन्योन्यं प्रति संहतौ ।
पुरा यच्छ्रुतमेवासीदद्य पश्यामि तत्प्रभो ॥१०॥
10. ekaprāṇāvubhau kṛṣṇāvanyonyaṁ prati saṁhatau ,
purā yacchrutamevāsīdadya paśyāmi tatprabho.
10. ekaprāṇau ubhau kṛṣṇau anyonyam prati saṃhatau
purā yat śrutam eva āsīt adya paśyāmi tat prabho
10. prabho adya tat paśyāmi yat eva śrutam āsīt purā
ubhau kṛṣṇau ekaprāṇau anyonyam prati saṃhatau
10. O Lord (prabho), I see today what was heard previously: that the two Kṛṣṇas, sharing a single vital breath (prāṇa), are united with each other.
स्वस्रीयं च हतं श्रुत्वा दुःखं स्वपिति केशवः ।
कृतागसो वयं तस्य स मदर्थं कथं क्षमेत् ॥११॥
11. svasrīyaṁ ca hataṁ śrutvā duḥkhaṁ svapiti keśavaḥ ,
kṛtāgaso vayaṁ tasya sa madarthaṁ kathaṁ kṣamet.
11. svasrīyam ca hatam śrutvā duḥkham svapiti keśavaḥ
kṛtāgasaḥ vayam tasya sa madartham katham kṣamet
11. keśavaḥ svasrīyam hatam śrutvā duḥkham svapiti
vayam tasya kṛtāgasaḥ sa madartham katham kṣamet
11. Upon hearing that his nephew has been killed, Keśava sleeps in sorrow. We have committed offenses against him. How will he forgive (kṣamet) us for my sake?
अभिमन्योर्विनाशेन न शर्म लभतेऽर्जुनः ।
स कथं मद्धिते यत्नं प्रकरिष्यति याचितः ॥१२॥
12. abhimanyorvināśena na śarma labhate'rjunaḥ ,
sa kathaṁ maddhite yatnaṁ prakariṣyati yācitaḥ.
12. abhimanyoḥ vināśena na śarma labhate arjunaḥ sa
katham mad-dhite yatnam prakariṣyati yācitaḥ
12. abhimanyoḥ vināśena arjunaḥ śarma na labhate
yācitaḥ sa mad-dhite katham yatnam prakariṣyati
12. Arjuna finds no happiness after Abhimanyu's destruction. How will he, when requested, make an effort (yatna) for my welfare?
मध्यमः पाण्डवस्तीक्ष्णो भीमसेनो महाबलः ।
प्रतिज्ञातं च तेनोग्रं स भज्येत न संनमेत् ॥१३॥
13. madhyamaḥ pāṇḍavastīkṣṇo bhīmaseno mahābalaḥ ,
pratijñātaṁ ca tenograṁ sa bhajyeta na saṁnamet.
13. madhyamaḥ pāṇḍavaḥ tīkṣṇaḥ bhīmasenaḥ mahābalaḥ
pratijñātam ca tena ugram sa bhajyeta na saṃnamet
13. madhyamaḥ tīkṣṇaḥ mahābalaḥ pāṇḍavaḥ bhīmasenaḥ
ca tena ugram pratijñātam sa bhajyeta na saṃnamet
13. Bhīmasena, the fierce and very mighty middle Pāṇḍava, also made a terrible vow. He would break rather than bend.
उभौ तौ बद्धनिस्त्रिंशावुभौ चाबद्धकङ्कटौ ।
कृतवैरावुभौ वीरौ यमावपि यमोपमौ ॥१४॥
14. ubhau tau baddhanistriṁśāvubhau cābaddhakaṅkaṭau ,
kṛtavairāvubhau vīrau yamāvapi yamopamau.
14. ubhau tau baddhanistriṃśau ubhau ca ābaddhakaṅkaṭau
kṛtavairau ubhau vīrau yamau api yamopamau
14. tau ubhau vīrau baddhanistriṃśau ca ubhau
ābaddhakaṅkaṭau ubhau kṛtavairau api yamopamau yamau
14. Both of them had their swords fastened, and both had their armor secured. These two heroes, having incurred enmity, were like two Yamas, indeed, comparable to Yama.
धृष्टद्युम्नः शिखण्डी च कृतवैरौ मया सह ।
तौ कथं मद्धिते यत्नं प्रकुर्यातां द्विजोत्तम ॥१५॥
15. dhṛṣṭadyumnaḥ śikhaṇḍī ca kṛtavairau mayā saha ,
tau kathaṁ maddhite yatnaṁ prakuryātāṁ dvijottama.
15. dhṛṣṭadyumnaḥ śikhaṇḍī ca kṛtavairau mayā saha
tau kathaṃ mat-hite yatnaṃ prakuryātāṃ dvijottama
15. dvijottama! dhṛṣṭadyumnaḥ ca śikhaṇḍī mayā saha kṛtavairau (sthaḥ).
tau mat-hite yatnaṃ kathaṃ prakuryātāṃ?
15. Dhṛṣṭadyumna and Śikhaṇḍin have incurred enmity with me. How, then, would those two make an effort for my welfare, O best among the twice-born (dvija)?
दुःशासनेन यत्कृष्णा एकवस्त्रा रजस्वला ।
परिक्लिष्टा सभामध्ये सर्वलोकस्य पश्यतः ॥१६॥
16. duḥśāsanena yatkṛṣṇā ekavastrā rajasvalā ,
parikliṣṭā sabhāmadhye sarvalokasya paśyataḥ.
16. duḥśāsanena yat kṛṣṇā ekavastrā rajasvalā
parikliṣṭā sabhā-madhye sarvalokasya paśyataḥ
16. yat kṛṣṇā ekavastrā rajasvalā duḥśāsanena
sarvalokasya paśyataḥ sabhā-madhye parikliṣṭā (āsīt)
16. The fact that Kṛṣṇā (Draupadī), dressed in a single garment and menstruating, was tormented by Duḥśāsana in the middle of the assembly, while all the people watched.
तथा विवसनां दीनां स्मरन्त्यद्यापि पाण्डवाः ।
न निवारयितुं शक्याः संग्रामात्ते परंतपाः ॥१७॥
17. tathā vivasanāṁ dīnāṁ smarantyadyāpi pāṇḍavāḥ ,
na nivārayituṁ śakyāḥ saṁgrāmātte paraṁtapāḥ.
17. tathā vivasanām dīnām smaranti adya api pāṇḍavāḥ
na nivārayitum śakyāḥ saṃgrāmāt te paraṃtapāḥ
17. tathā te pāṇḍavāḥ paraṃtapāḥ vivasanām dīnām (kṛṣṇām) adya api smaranti.
(ataḥ) saṃgrāmāt nivārayitum na śakyāḥ (bhavanti)
17. Therefore, the Pāṇḍavas, those tormentors of enemies, remembering her, unclothed and pitiable, even today, cannot be prevented from engaging in battle.
यदा च द्रौपदी कृष्णा मद्विनाशाय दुःखिता ।
उग्रं तेपे तपः कृष्णा भर्तॄणामर्थसिद्धये ।
स्थण्डिले नित्यदा शेते यावद्वैरस्य यातना ॥१८॥
18. yadā ca draupadī kṛṣṇā madvināśāya duḥkhitā ,
ugraṁ tepe tapaḥ kṛṣṇā bhartṝṇāmarthasiddhaye ,
sthaṇḍile nityadā śete yāvadvairasya yātanā.
18. yadā ca draupadī kṛṣṇā madvināśāya
duḥkhitā ugram tepe tapaḥ kṛṣṇā
bhartṝṇām arthasiddhaye sthaṇḍile
nityadā śete yāvat vairasya yātanā
18. yadā ca madvināśāya duḥkhitā kṛṣṇā
draupadī bhartṝṇām arthasiddhaye
ugram tapaḥ tepe nityadā
sthaṇḍile śete yāvat vairasya yātanā
18. And when Draupadī Kṛṣṇā, anguished over my impending destruction, performed severe asceticism (tapas) for the accomplishment of her husbands' aims. She continuously sleeps on the bare ground as long as the torment of enmity (vaira) persists.
निक्षिप्य मानं दर्पं च वासुदेवसहोदरा ।
कृष्णायाः प्रेष्यवद्भूत्वा शुश्रूषां कुरुते सदा ॥१९॥
19. nikṣipya mānaṁ darpaṁ ca vāsudevasahodarā ,
kṛṣṇāyāḥ preṣyavadbhūtvā śuśrūṣāṁ kurute sadā.
19. nikṣipya mānam darpam ca vāsudevasahodarā
kṛṣṇāyāḥ preṣyavat bhūtvā śuśrūṣām kurute sadā
19. vāsudevasahodarā mānam darpam ca nikṣipya
kṛṣṇāyāḥ preṣyavat bhūtvā sadā śuśrūṣām kurute
19. Setting aside pride and arrogance, the sister of Vāsudeva (Kṛṣṇa), becoming like a servant to Kṛṣṇā (Draupadī), always performs service.
इति सर्वं समुन्नद्धं न निर्वाति कथंचन ।
अभिमन्योर्विनाशेन स संधेयः कथं मया ॥२०॥
20. iti sarvaṁ samunnaddhaṁ na nirvāti kathaṁcana ,
abhimanyorvināśena sa saṁdheyaḥ kathaṁ mayā.
20. iti sarvam samunnaddham na nirvāti kathaṃcana
abhimanyoḥ vināśena sa sandheyaḥ katham mayā
20. iti sarvam samunnaddham kathaṃcana na nirvāti
abhimanyoḥ vināśena sa katham mayā sandheyaḥ?
20. Thus, this entire entangled situation never subsides. With the destruction of Abhimanyu, how can reconciliation be brought about by me?
कथं च नाम भुक्त्वेमां पृथिवीं सागराम्बराम् ।
पाण्डवानां प्रसादेन भुञ्जीयां राज्यमल्पकम् ॥२१॥
21. kathaṁ ca nāma bhuktvemāṁ pṛthivīṁ sāgarāmbarām ,
pāṇḍavānāṁ prasādena bhuñjīyāṁ rājyamalpakam.
21. katham ca nāma bhuktvā imām pṛthivīm sāgarāmbarām
pāṇḍavānām prasādena bhuñjīya rājyam alpakam
21. katham ca nāma imām sāgarāmbarām pṛthivīm bhuktvā,
pāṇḍavānām prasādena alpakam rājyam bhuñjīya?
21. And how indeed could I, having ruled this earth with the oceans as its garment, then accept and enjoy a mere small kingdom by the favor of the Pāṇḍavas?
उपर्युपरि राज्ञां वै ज्वलितो भास्करो यथा ।
युधिष्ठिरं कथं पश्चादनुयास्यामि दासवत् ॥२२॥
22. uparyupari rājñāṁ vai jvalito bhāskaro yathā ,
yudhiṣṭhiraṁ kathaṁ paścādanuyāsyāmi dāsavat.
22. uparyupari rājñām vai jvalitaḥ bhāskaraḥ yathā
yudhiṣṭhiram katham paścāt anuyāsyāmi dāsavat
22. yathā jvalitaḥ bhāskaraḥ rājñām uparyupari vai
katham yudhiṣṭhiram paścāt dāsavat anuyāsyāmi
22. Just as the blazing sun shines high above all kings, how can I then follow Yudhishthira like a servant?
कथं भुक्त्वा स्वयं भोगान्दत्त्वा दायांश्च पुष्कलान् ।
कृपणं वर्तयिष्यामि कृपणैः सह जीविकाम् ॥२३॥
23. kathaṁ bhuktvā svayaṁ bhogāndattvā dāyāṁśca puṣkalān ,
kṛpaṇaṁ vartayiṣyāmi kṛpaṇaiḥ saha jīvikām.
23. katham bhuktvā svayam bhogān dattvā dāyān ca
puṣkalān kṛpaṇam vartayiṣyāmi kṛpaṇaiḥ saha jīvikām
23. svayam bhogān puṣkalān dāyān ca bhuktvā dattvā
katham kṛpaṇam kṛpaṇaiḥ saha jīvikām vartayiṣyāmi
23. After having personally enjoyed pleasures and given abundant gifts, how can I then lead a miserable existence alongside the wretched?
नाभ्यसूयामि ते वाक्यमुक्तं स्निग्धं हितं त्वया ।
न तु संधिमहं मन्ये प्राप्तकालं कथंचन ॥२४॥
24. nābhyasūyāmi te vākyamuktaṁ snigdhaṁ hitaṁ tvayā ,
na tu saṁdhimahaṁ manye prāptakālaṁ kathaṁcana.
24. na abhyasūyāmi te vākyam uktam snigdham hitam tvayā
na tu sandhim aham manye prāptakālam kathaṃcana
24. tvayā snigdham hitam uktam te vākyam na abhyasūyāmi
tu aham sandhim kathaṃcana prāptakālam na manye
24. I do not resent your words, which were spoken affectionately and beneficially by you. However, I do not consider a peace treaty (sandhi) to be opportune at all.
सुनीतमनुपश्यामि सुयुद्धेन परंतप ।
नायं क्लीबयितुं कालः संयोद्धुं काल एव नः ॥२५॥
25. sunītamanupaśyāmi suyuddhena paraṁtapa ,
nāyaṁ klībayituṁ kālaḥ saṁyoddhuṁ kāla eva naḥ.
25. sunītam anupaśyāmi suyuddhena paraṃtapa na
ayam klībayitum kālaḥ saṃyoddhum kālaḥ eva naḥ
25. paraṃtapa! suyuddhena sunītam anupaśyāmi ayam
klībayitum kālaḥ na naḥ saṃyoddhum kālaḥ eva
25. O scorcher of foes, I perceive a righteous battle as the proper policy. This is not the time to be weak; rather, it is indeed our time to fight.
इष्टं मे बहुभिर्यज्ञैर्दत्ता विप्रेषु दक्षिणाः ।
प्राप्ताः क्रमश्रुता वेदाः शत्रूणां मूर्ध्नि च स्थितम् ॥२६॥
26. iṣṭaṁ me bahubhiryajñairdattā vipreṣu dakṣiṇāḥ ,
prāptāḥ kramaśrutā vedāḥ śatrūṇāṁ mūrdhni ca sthitam.
26. iṣṭam me bahubhiḥ yajñaiḥ dattāḥ vipreṣu dakṣiṇāḥ
prāptāḥ kramaśrutāḥ vedāḥ śatrūṇām mūrdhni ca sthitam
26. me bahubhiḥ yajñaiḥ iṣṭam,
vipreṣu dakṣiṇāḥ dattāḥ,
kramaśrutāḥ vedāḥ prāptāḥ ca śatrūṇām mūrdhni sthitam
26. Many rituals (yajña) have been performed by me, and sacrificial fees have been given to the Brahmins. I have acquired the Vedas, learned in their proper sequence, and I have stood victorious over my enemies.
भृत्या मे सुभृतास्तात दीनश्चाभ्युद्धृतो जनः ।
यातानि परराष्ट्राणि स्वराष्ट्रमनुपालितम् ॥२७॥
27. bhṛtyā me subhṛtāstāta dīnaścābhyuddhṛto janaḥ ,
yātāni pararāṣṭrāṇi svarāṣṭramanupālitam.
27. bhṛtyāḥ me subhṛtāḥ tāta dīnaḥ ca abhyuddhṛtaḥ
janaḥ yātāni pararāṣṭrāṇi svarāṣṭram anupālitam
27. tāta,
me bhṛtyāḥ subhṛtāḥ,
ca dīnaḥ janaḥ abhyuddhṛtaḥ,
pararāṣṭrāṇi yātāni,
svarāṣṭram anupālitam
27. O dear one, my dependents have been well-maintained, and the distressed people have been uplifted. Foreign kingdoms have been conquered, and my own kingdom has been protected.
भुक्ताश्च विविधा भोगास्त्रिवर्गः सेवितो मया ।
पितॄणां गतमानृण्यं क्षत्रधर्मस्य चोभयोः ॥२८॥
28. bhuktāśca vividhā bhogāstrivargaḥ sevito mayā ,
pitṝṇāṁ gatamānṛṇyaṁ kṣatradharmasya cobhayoḥ.
28. bhuktāḥ ca vividhāḥ bhogāḥ trivargaḥ sevitaḥ mayā
pitṝṇām gatam ānṛṇyam kṣatradharmasya ca ubhayoḥ
28. mayā ca vividhāḥ bhogāḥ bhuktāḥ,
trivargaḥ sevitaḥ.
pitṝṇām ānṛṇyam gatam ca kṣatradharmasya ubhayoḥ.
28. I have enjoyed various pleasures and pursued the three aims of human life. The debt to my ancestors has been discharged, and the obligations inherent in the constitution (dharma) of a kṣatriya have also been fulfilled.
न ध्रुवं सुखमस्तीह कुतो राज्यं कुतो यशः ।
इह कीर्तिर्विधातव्या सा च युद्धेन नान्यथा ॥२९॥
29. na dhruvaṁ sukhamastīha kuto rājyaṁ kuto yaśaḥ ,
iha kīrtirvidhātavyā sā ca yuddhena nānyathā.
29. na dhruvam sukham asti iha kutaḥ rājyam kutaḥ yaśaḥ
iha kīrtiḥ vidhātavyā sā ca yuddhena na anyathā
29. iha dhruvam sukham na asti,
kutaḥ rājyam kutaḥ yaśaḥ? iha kīrtiḥ vidhātavyā ca sā yuddhena na anyathā
29. There is no lasting happiness in this world, so how can there be a kingdom, and how much less fame? Here, renown must be achieved, and that must be done through battle, not otherwise.
गृहे यत्क्षत्रियस्यापि निधनं तद्विगर्हितम् ।
अधर्मः सुमहानेष यच्छय्यामरणं गृहे ॥३०॥
30. gṛhe yatkṣatriyasyāpi nidhanaṁ tadvigarhitam ,
adharmaḥ sumahāneṣa yacchayyāmaraṇaṁ gṛhe.
30. gṛhe yat kṣatriyasya api nidhanam tat vigarhitam
adharmaḥ sumahān eṣaḥ yat śayyāmaraṇam gṛhe
30. yat kṣatriyasya api gṛhe nidhanam tat vigarhitam
eṣaḥ yat gṛhe śayyāmaraṇam sumahān adharmaḥ
30. Indeed, a kshatriya's death in the home is reprehensible. This dying on a bed in the house is a very great violation of natural law (adharma).
अरण्ये यो विमुञ्चेत संग्रामे वा तनुं नरः ।
क्रतूनाहृत्य महतो महिमानं स गच्छति ॥३१॥
31. araṇye yo vimuñceta saṁgrāme vā tanuṁ naraḥ ,
kratūnāhṛtya mahato mahimānaṁ sa gacchati.
31. araṇye yaḥ vimuñceta saṃgrāme vā tanum naraḥ
kratūn āhṛtya mahataḥ mahimānam saḥ gacchati
31. yaḥ naraḥ araṇye vā saṃgrāme tanum vimuñceta
saḥ mahataḥ kratūn āhṛtya mahimānam gacchati
31. A man who gives up his body in the wilderness or in battle attains great glory after having performed great sacrifices (kratu).
कृपणं विलपन्नार्तो जरयाभिपरिप्लुतः ।
म्रियते रुदतां मध्ये ज्ञातीनां न स पूरुषः ॥३२॥
32. kṛpaṇaṁ vilapannārto jarayābhipariplutaḥ ,
mriyate rudatāṁ madhye jñātīnāṁ na sa pūruṣaḥ.
32. kṛpaṇam vilapan ārtaḥ jarayā abhipariplutaḥ
mriyate rudatām madhye jñātīnām na saḥ pūruṣaḥ
32. yaḥ ārtaḥ jarayā abhipariplutaḥ kṛpaṇam vilapan
jñātīnām rudatām madhye mriyate saḥ pūruṣaḥ na
32. One who, distressed and overcome by old age, laments piteously and dies amidst weeping relatives, that is not a true person (puruṣa).
त्यक्त्वा तु विविधान्भोगान्प्राप्तानां परमां गतिम् ।
अपीदानीं सुयुद्धेन गच्छेयं सत्सलोकताम् ॥३३॥
33. tyaktvā tu vividhānbhogānprāptānāṁ paramāṁ gatim ,
apīdānīṁ suyuddhena gaccheyaṁ satsalokatām.
33. tyaktvā tu vividhān bhogān prāptānām paramām
gatim api idānīm suyuddhena gaccheyam satsalokatām
33. tu vividhān bhogān tyaktvā prāptānām paramām gatim (prāpya),
api idānīm suyuddhena satsalokatām gaccheyam
33. Having renounced various worldly enjoyments, and aspiring to be among those who have attained the supreme state, may I now achieve the state of dwelling with the virtuous through a noble battle.
शूराणामार्यवृत्तानां संग्रामेष्वनिवर्तिनाम् ।
धीमतां सत्यसंधानां सर्वेषां क्रतुयाजिनाम् ॥३४॥
34. śūrāṇāmāryavṛttānāṁ saṁgrāmeṣvanivartinām ,
dhīmatāṁ satyasaṁdhānāṁ sarveṣāṁ kratuyājinām.
34. śūrāṇām āryavṛttānām saṅgrāmeṣu anivartinām
dhīmatām satyasaṃdhānām sarveṣām kratuyājinām
34. śūrāṇām āryavṛttānām saṅgrāmeṣu anivartinām
dhīmatām satyasaṃdhānām sarveṣām kratuyājinām
34. (Referring to) the brave, those of noble conduct, those who do not retreat in battles, the intelligent, those faithful to their vows, and all who perform Vedic sacrifices (kratu).
शस्त्रावभृथमाप्तानां ध्रुवं वासस्त्रिविष्टपे ।
मुदा नूनं प्रपश्यन्ति शुभ्रा ह्यप्सरसां गणाः ॥३५॥
35. śastrāvabhṛthamāptānāṁ dhruvaṁ vāsastriviṣṭape ,
mudā nūnaṁ prapaśyanti śubhrā hyapsarasāṁ gaṇāḥ.
35. śastrāvabhṛthamāptānām dhruvam vāsaḥ triviṣṭape
mudā nūnam prapaśyanti śubhrā hi apsarasām gaṇāḥ
35. śubhrā hi apsarasām gaṇāḥ mudā nūnam (teṣām) śastrāvabhṛthamāptānām dhruvam triviṣṭape vāsaḥ prapaśyanti.
35. For, bright hosts of celestial nymphs (apsaras) surely behold with joy the certain dwelling in heaven (triviṣṭapa) of those who have attained the purification bath of weapons (śastrāvabhṛtha) [i.e., died gloriously in battle].
पश्यन्ति नूनं पितरः पूजिताञ्शक्रसंसदि ।
अप्सरोभिः परिवृतान्मोदमानांस्त्रिविष्टपे ॥३६॥
36. paśyanti nūnaṁ pitaraḥ pūjitāñśakrasaṁsadi ,
apsarobhiḥ parivṛtānmodamānāṁstriviṣṭape.
36. paśyanti nūnam pitaraḥ pūjitān śakrasaṃsadi
apsarobhiḥ parivṛtān modamānān triviṣṭape
36. nūnam pitaraḥ śakrasaṃsadi pūjitān apsarobhiḥ parivṛtān triviṣṭape modamānān (tān śūrān) paśyanti.
36. Surely the ancestors (pitaraḥ) behold [those warriors], honored in Indra's assembly (śakrasaṃsad), surrounded by celestial nymphs (apsaras) and rejoicing in heaven (triviṣṭapa).
पन्थानममरैर्यातं शूरैश्चैवानिवर्तिभिः ।
अपि तैः संगतं मार्गं वयमप्यारुहेमहि ॥३७॥
37. panthānamamarairyātaṁ śūraiścaivānivartibhiḥ ,
api taiḥ saṁgataṁ mārgaṁ vayamapyāruhemahi.
37. panthānam amaraiḥ yātam śūraiḥ ca eva anivartibhiḥ
api taiḥ saṅgatam mārgam vayam api āruhemahi
37. api vayam api amaraiḥ ca eva anivartibhiḥ śūraiḥ yātam taiḥ saṅgatam panthānam / mārgam āruhemahi.
37. May we too ascend that path (mārga) which has been traversed by the immortals and indeed by the unretreating brave warriors, the path joined by them.
पितामहेन वृद्धेन तथाचार्येण धीमता ।
जयद्रथेन कर्णेन तथा दुःशासनेन च ॥३८॥
38. pitāmahena vṛddhena tathācāryeṇa dhīmatā ,
jayadrathena karṇena tathā duḥśāsanena ca.
38. pitāmahena vṛddhena tathā ācāryeṇa dhīmatā
jayadrūthena karṇena tathā duḥśāsanena ca
38. vṛddhena pitāmahena tathā dhīmatā ācāryeṇa
jayadrūthena karṇena tathā duḥśāsanena ca
38. By the aged grandfather, and by the wise teacher; by Jayadratha, by Karṇa, and by Duśśāsana.
घटमाना मदर्थेऽस्मिन्हताः शूरा जनाधिपाः ।
शेरते लोहिताक्ताङ्गाः पृथिव्यां शरविक्षताः ॥३९॥
39. ghaṭamānā madarthe'sminhatāḥ śūrā janādhipāḥ ,
śerate lohitāktāṅgāḥ pṛthivyāṁ śaravikṣatāḥ.
39. ghaṭamānāḥ madarthe asmin hatāḥ śūrāḥ janādhipāḥ
śerate lohitāktāṅgāḥ pṛthivyām śaravikṣatāḥ
39. asmin madarthe ghaṭamānāḥ śūrāḥ janādhipāḥ hatāḥ.
lohitāktāṅgāḥ śaravikṣatāḥ pṛthivyām śerate.
39. These brave kings, who were striving here for my sake, have been slain. Their bodies smeared with blood and pierced by arrows, they lie on the ground.
उत्तमास्त्रविदः शूरा यथोक्तक्रतुयाजिनः ।
त्यक्त्वा प्राणान्यथान्यायमिन्द्रसद्मसु धिष्ठिताः ॥४०॥
40. uttamāstravidaḥ śūrā yathoktakratuyājinaḥ ,
tyaktvā prāṇānyathānyāyamindrasadmasu dhiṣṭhitāḥ.
40. uttama astra vidaḥ śūrāḥ yathā ukta kratu yājinaḥ |
tyaktvā prāṇān yathā nyāyam indra sadmasu dhiṣṭitāḥ
40. uttama astra vidaḥ,
yathā ukta kratu yājinaḥ,
śūrāḥ,
yathā nyāyam prāṇān tyaktvā,
indra sadmasu dhiṣṭitāḥ (santi)
40. The heroic ones, expert in the highest weapons and performing Vedic rituals (kratu) as prescribed, having righteously given up their lives, are established in the abodes of Indra.
तैस्त्वयं रचितः पन्था दुर्गमो हि पुनर्भवेत् ।
संपतद्भिर्महावेगैरितो याद्भिश्च सद्गतिम् ॥४१॥
41. taistvayaṁ racitaḥ panthā durgamo hi punarbhavet ,
saṁpatadbhirmahāvegairito yādbhiśca sadgatim.
41. taiḥ tu ayam racitaḥ panthāḥ durgamaḥ hi punaḥ bhavet
sampatadbhiḥ mahāvegaiḥ itaḥ yādbhiḥ ca sadgatim
41. taiḥ ayam panthāḥ racitaḥ.
tu hi punaḥ durgamaḥ bhavet sampatadbhiḥ mahāvegaiḥ itaḥ sadgatim ca yādbhiḥ.
41. Indeed, this path (to heaven), created by them, would be difficult for those rushing from here with great speed and for those who seek a good destination (sadgati).
ये मदर्थे हताः शूरास्तेषां कृतमनुस्मरन् ।
ऋणं तत्प्रतिमुञ्चानो न राज्ये मन आदधे ॥४२॥
42. ye madarthe hatāḥ śūrāsteṣāṁ kṛtamanusmaran ,
ṛṇaṁ tatpratimuñcāno na rājye mana ādadhe.
42. ye madarthe hatāḥ śūrāḥ teṣām kṛtam anusmaran
ṛṇam tat pratimucānaḥ na rājye manaḥ ādadhe
42. ye madarthe hatāḥ śūrāḥ teṣām kṛtam anusmaran
tat ṛṇam pratimucānaḥ rājye manaḥ na ādadhe
42. Remembering the actions of those brave warriors who died for my cause, and considering that a debt to be repaid, I do not set my mind on ruling the kingdom.
पातयित्वा वयस्यांश्च भ्रातॄनथ पितामहान् ।
जीवितं यदि रक्षेयं लोको मां गर्हयेद्ध्रुवम् ॥४३॥
43. pātayitvā vayasyāṁśca bhrātṝnatha pitāmahān ,
jīvitaṁ yadi rakṣeyaṁ loko māṁ garhayeddhruvam.
43. pātayitvā vayasyān ca bhrātṝn atha pitāmahān
jīvitam yadi rakṣeyam lokaḥ mām garhayet dhruvam
43. vayasyān ca bhrātṝn atha pitāmahān pātayitvā
yadi jīvitam rakṣeyam lokaḥ mām dhruvam garhayet
43. The world would surely condemn me if I were to preserve my life after having slain my friends, brothers, and also my grandfathers.
कीदृशं च भवेद्राज्यं मम हीनस्य बन्धुभिः ।
सखिभिश्च सुहृद्भिश्च प्रणिपत्य च पाण्डवम् ॥४४॥
44. kīdṛśaṁ ca bhavedrājyaṁ mama hīnasya bandhubhiḥ ,
sakhibhiśca suhṛdbhiśca praṇipatya ca pāṇḍavam.
44. kīdṛśam ca bhavet rājyam mama hīnasya bandhubhiḥ
sakhibhiḥ ca suhṛdbhiḥ ca praṇipatya ca pāṇḍavam
44. bandhubhiḥ ca sakhibhiḥ ca suhṛdbhiḥ ca hīnasya mama
pāṇḍavam ca praṇipatya rājyam kīdṛśam ca bhavet
44. And what kind of kingdom would it be for me, who am deprived of my kinsmen, friends, and well-wishers, especially after bowing down to the Pāṇḍava?
सोऽहमेतादृशं कृत्वा जगतोऽस्य पराभवम् ।
सुयुद्धेन ततः स्वर्गं प्राप्स्यामि न तदन्यथा ॥४५॥
45. so'hametādṛśaṁ kṛtvā jagato'sya parābhavam ,
suyuddhena tataḥ svargaṁ prāpsyāmi na tadanyathā.
45. saḥ aham etādṛśam kṛtvā jagataḥ asya parābhavam
suyuddhena tataḥ svargam prāpsyāmi na tat anyathā
45. saḥ aham asya jagataḥ etādṛśam parābhavam kṛtvā
tataḥ suyuddhena svargam prāpsyāmi tat anyathā na
45. Therefore, after bringing about such a devastation (parābhava) for this world (jagat), I will then attain heaven through a righteous battle, and not in any other way.
एवं दुर्योधनेनोक्तं सर्वे संपूज्य तद्वचः ।
साधु साध्विति राजानं क्षत्रियाः संबभाषिरे ॥४६॥
46. evaṁ duryodhanenoktaṁ sarve saṁpūjya tadvacaḥ ,
sādhu sādhviti rājānaṁ kṣatriyāḥ saṁbabhāṣire.
46. evam duryodhanena uktam sarve sampūjya tat vacaḥ
sādhu sādhu iti rājānam kṣatriyāḥ saṃbabhāṣire
46. duryodhanena evam uktam sarve kṣatriyāḥ tat vacaḥ
sampūjya rājānam sādhu sādhu iti saṃbabhāṣire
46. After Duryodhana had spoken in this manner, all the warriors (kṣatriyas), honoring his words, addressed the king, saying, 'Excellent! Excellent!'
पराजयमशोचन्तः कृतचित्ताश्च विक्रमे ।
सर्वे सुनिश्चिता योद्धुमुदग्रमनसोऽभवन् ॥४७॥
47. parājayamaśocantaḥ kṛtacittāśca vikrame ,
sarve suniścitā yoddhumudagramanaso'bhavan.
47. parājayam aśocantaḥ kṛtacittāḥ ca vikrame
sarve suniścitāḥ yoddhum udagramanasaḥ abhavan
47. sarve parājayam aśocantaḥ vikrame kṛtacittāḥ
ca yoddhum suniścitāḥ udagramanasaḥ abhavan
47. Not lamenting defeat, and with their minds resolute in valor, all of them became completely determined to fight, their spirits eager.
ततो वाहान्समाश्वास्य सर्वे युद्धाभिनन्दिनः ।
ऊने द्वियोजने गत्वा प्रत्यतिष्ठन्त कौरवाः ॥४८॥
48. tato vāhānsamāśvāsya sarve yuddhābhinandinaḥ ,
ūne dviyojane gatvā pratyatiṣṭhanta kauravāḥ.
48. tataḥ vāhān samāśvāsya sarve yuddhābhinandinaḥ
ūne dviyojane gatvā pratyatiṣṭhanta kauravāḥ
48. tataḥ yuddhābhinandinaḥ sarve kauravāḥ vāhān
samāśvāsya dviyojane ūne gatvā pratyatiṣṭhanta
48. Then, all the Kauravas, who delighted in battle, having comforted their steeds, traveled less than two yojanas and halted.
आकाशे विद्रुमे पुण्ये प्रस्थे हिमवतः शुभे ।
अरुणां सरस्वतीं प्राप्य पपुः सस्नुश्च तज्जलम् ॥४९॥
49. ākāśe vidrume puṇye prasthe himavataḥ śubhe ,
aruṇāṁ sarasvatīṁ prāpya papuḥ sasnuśca tajjalam.
49. ākāśe vidrume puṇye prasthe himavataḥ śubhe aruṇām
sarasvatīm prāpya papuḥ sasnuḥ ca tat jalam
49. himavataḥ śubhe puṇye ākāśe vidrume prasthe aruṇām
sarasvatīm prāpya papuḥ sasnuḥ ca tat jalam
49. They reached the reddish (Aruṇā) Sarasvati river on a holy and auspicious plateau of the Himalaya, an open, treeless expanse. There, they drank its water and bathed.
तव पुत्राः कृतोत्साहाः पर्यवर्तन्त ते ततः ।
पर्यवस्थाप्य चात्मानमन्योन्येन पुनस्तदा ।
सर्वे राजन्न्यवर्तन्त क्षत्रियाः कालचोदिताः ॥५०॥
50. tava putrāḥ kṛtotsāhāḥ paryavartanta te tataḥ ,
paryavasthāpya cātmānamanyonyena punastadā ,
sarve rājannyavartanta kṣatriyāḥ kālacoditāḥ.
50. tava putrāḥ kṛtotsāhāḥ paryavartanta
te tataḥ paryavasthāpya ca ātmānam
anyonyena punaḥ tadā sarve rājan
nyavartanta kṣatriyāḥ kālacoditāḥ
50. rājan tava putrāḥ kṛtotsāhāḥ te
tataḥ paryavartanta ca anyonyena
ātmānam paryavasthāpya tadā punaḥ
kālacoditāḥ sarve kṣatriyāḥ nyavartanta
50. O King, your sons, inspired with zeal, then turned back. And having mutually recovered their composure, all those warriors (kṣatriya), impelled by time, then returned again.