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महाभारतः       mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-73

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इन्द्र उवाच ।
जानन्यो गामपहरेद्विक्रीयाद्वार्थकारणात् ।
एतद्विज्ञातुमिच्छामि का नु तस्य गतिर्भवेत् ॥१॥
1. indra uvāca ,
jānanyo gāmapaharedvikrīyādvārthakāraṇāt ,
etadvijñātumicchāmi kā nu tasya gatirbhavet.
1. indraḥ uvāca jānan yaḥ gām apaharet vikrīyāt vā
arthakāraṇāt etat vijñātum icchāmi kā nu tasya gatiḥ bhavet
1. indraḥ uvāca etat vijñātum icchāmi yaḥ jānan gām
arthakāraṇāt apaharet vā vikrīyāt tasya kā nu gatiḥ bhavet
1. Indra said: 'I wish to know what destiny (gati) would befall someone who knowingly steals a cow or sells it for the sake of profit.'
ब्रह्मोवाच ।
भक्षार्थं विक्रयार्थं वा येऽपहारं हि कुर्वते ।
दानार्थं वा ब्राह्मणाय तत्रेदं श्रूयतां फलम् ॥२॥
2. brahmovāca ,
bhakṣārthaṁ vikrayārthaṁ vā ye'pahāraṁ hi kurvate ,
dānārthaṁ vā brāhmaṇāya tatredaṁ śrūyatāṁ phalam.
2. brahmā uvāca bhakṣārtham vikrayārtham vā ye apahāram hi
kurvate dānārtham vā brāhmaṇāya tatra idam śrūyatām phalam
2. brahmā uvāca ye bhakṣārtham vā vikrayārtham vā dānārtham
brāhmaṇāya hi apahāram kurvate tatra idam phalam śrūyatām
2. Brahmā spoke: Listen now to the consequence for those who commit theft, whether for consumption, for sale, or even for the purpose of offering as a gift (dāna) to a brāhmaṇa.
विक्रयार्थं हि यो हिंस्याद्भक्षयेद्वा निरङ्कुशः ।
घातयानं हि पुरुषं येऽनुमन्येयुरर्थिनः ॥३॥
3. vikrayārthaṁ hi yo hiṁsyādbhakṣayedvā niraṅkuśaḥ ,
ghātayānaṁ hi puruṣaṁ ye'numanyeyurarthinaḥ.
3. vikrayārtham hi yaḥ hiṃsyāt bhakṣayet vā niraṅkuśaḥ
ghātayānam hi puruṣam ye anumaneyuḥ arthinaḥ
3. hi yaḥ niraṅkuśaḥ vikrayārtham hiṃsyāt vā bhakṣayet
ye arthinaḥ hi ghātayānam puruṣam anumaneyuḥ
3. Indeed, whoever kills or consumes (meat) without restraint for the purpose of selling, and those who, seeking gain, would assent to such a man who causes slaughter (of animals).
घातकः खादको वापि तथा यश्चानुमन्यते ।
यावन्ति तस्या लोमानि तावद्वर्षाणि मज्जति ॥४॥
4. ghātakaḥ khādako vāpi tathā yaścānumanyate ,
yāvanti tasyā lomāni tāvadvarṣāṇi majjati.
4. ghātakaḥ khādakaḥ vā api tathā yaḥ ca anumanyate
yāvanti tasyā lomāni tāvat varṣāṇi majjati
4. ghātakaḥ vā api khādakaḥ tathā ca yaḥ anumanyate
tasyā yāvanti lomāni tāvat varṣāṇi majjati
4. The one who slaughters, the one who eats, and likewise whoever approves - each of them sinks (into hell) for as many years as there are hairs on that (female animal).
ये दोषा यादृशाश्चैव द्विजयज्ञोपघातके ।
विक्रये चापहारे च ते दोषा वै स्मृताः प्रभो ॥५॥
5. ye doṣā yādṛśāścaiva dvijayajñopaghātake ,
vikraye cāpahāre ca te doṣā vai smṛtāḥ prabho.
5. ye doṣāḥ yādṛśāḥ ca eva dvijayajñopaghātake
vikraye ca apahāre ca te doṣāḥ vai smṛtāḥ prabho
5. prabho ye yādṛśāḥ ca eva doṣāḥ dvijayajñopaghātake
te doṣāḥ vai vikraye ca apahāre ca smṛtāḥ
5. O Lord, whatever faults and of what kind are declared regarding the harm of a brāhmaṇa's Vedic ritual (yajña), those very faults are also deemed to be present in selling and in theft (apahāra).
अपहृत्य तु यो गां वै ब्राह्मणाय प्रयच्छति ।
यावद्दाने फलं तस्यास्तावन्निरयमृच्छति ॥६॥
6. apahṛtya tu yo gāṁ vai brāhmaṇāya prayacchati ,
yāvaddāne phalaṁ tasyāstāvannirayamṛcchati.
6. apahṛtya tu yaḥ gām vai brāhmaṇāya prayacchati
yāvat dāne phalam tasya tāvat nirayam ṛcchati
6. yaḥ tu gām vai apahṛtya brāhmaṇāya prayacchati,
tasya dāne yāvat phalam,
tāvat nirayam ṛcchati
6. Whoever steals a cow and then gives it to a brahmin, attains as much suffering in hell (nirayam) as the merit that a proper donation (dāna) would have otherwise generated.
सुवर्णं दक्षिणामाहुर्गोप्रदाने महाद्युते ।
सुवर्णं परमं ह्युक्तं दक्षिणार्थमसंशयम् ॥७॥
7. suvarṇaṁ dakṣiṇāmāhurgopradāne mahādyute ,
suvarṇaṁ paramaṁ hyuktaṁ dakṣiṇārthamasaṁśayam.
7. suvarṇam dakṣiṇām āhuḥ gopradāne mahādyute
suvarṇam paramam hi uktam dakṣiṇārtham asaṃśayam
7. mahādyute,
gopradāne suvarṇam dakṣiṇām āhuḥ hi,
suvarṇam dakṣiṇārtham paramam uktam,
asaṃśayam
7. O greatly radiant one, they declare gold to be the offering (dakṣiṇā) for the donation of a cow. Indeed, gold is undoubtedly stated to be the supreme offering (dakṣiṇā).
गोप्रदानं तारयते सप्त पूर्वांस्तथा परान् ।
सुवर्णं दक्षिणां दत्त्वा तावद्द्विगुणमुच्यते ॥८॥
8. gopradānaṁ tārayate sapta pūrvāṁstathā parān ,
suvarṇaṁ dakṣiṇāṁ dattvā tāvaddviguṇamucyate.
8. gopradānam tārayate sapta pūrvān tathā parān
suvarṇam dakṣiṇām dattvā tāvat dviguṇam ucyate
8. gopradānam sapta pūrvān tathā parān tārayate
suvarṇam dakṣiṇām dattvā tāvat dviguṇam ucyate
8. The donation of a cow saves seven previous generations and likewise the later ones. By giving gold as an offering (dakṣiṇā), the merit is declared to be twofold.
सुवर्णं परमं दानं सुवर्णं दक्षिणा परा ।
सुवर्णं पावनं शक्र पावनानां परं स्मृतम् ॥९॥
9. suvarṇaṁ paramaṁ dānaṁ suvarṇaṁ dakṣiṇā parā ,
suvarṇaṁ pāvanaṁ śakra pāvanānāṁ paraṁ smṛtam.
9. suvarṇam paramam dānam suvarṇam dakṣiṇā parā
suvarṇam pāvanam śakra pāvanānām param smṛtam
9. suvarṇam paramam dānam (asti); suvarṇam parā dakṣiṇā (asti) śakra,
suvarṇam pāvanānām param (pāvanam) smṛtam
9. Gold is the supreme donation (dāna), and gold is the supreme offering (dakṣiṇā). O Śakra, gold is considered the highest purifier among all purifying things.
कुलानां पावनं प्राहुर्जातरूपं शतक्रतो ।
एषा मे दक्षिणा प्रोक्ता समासेन महाद्युते ॥१०॥
10. kulānāṁ pāvanaṁ prāhurjātarūpaṁ śatakrato ,
eṣā me dakṣiṇā proktā samāsena mahādyute.
10. kulānām pāvanam prāhuḥ jātarūpam śatakrato
eṣā me dakṣiṇā proktā samāsena mahādyute
10. śatakrato mahādyute kulānām pāvanam jātarūpam
prāhuḥ me eṣā dakṣiṇā samāsena proktā
10. O Śatakratu, they declare gold to be the purifier of lineages. O greatly radiant one, this is the ritual fee (dakṣiṇā) briefly stated by me.
भीष्म उवाच ।
एतत्पितामहेनोक्तमिन्द्राय भरतर्षभ ।
इन्द्रो दशरथायाह रामायाह पिता तथा ॥११॥
11. bhīṣma uvāca ,
etatpitāmahenoktamindrāya bharatarṣabha ,
indro daśarathāyāha rāmāyāha pitā tathā.
11. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca etat pitāmahena uktam indrāya bharatarṣabha
indraḥ daśarathāya āha rāmāya āha pitā tathā
11. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca bharatarṣabha etat pitāmahena indrāya
uktam indraḥ daśarathāya āha pitā tathā rāmāya āha
11. Bhishma said: 'O best among the Bharatas, this was declared to Indra by the great ancestor. Indra then told it to Daśaratha, and his father (Daśaratha) similarly told it to Rāma.'
राघवोऽपि प्रियभ्रात्रे लक्ष्मणाय यशस्विने ।
ऋषिभ्यो लक्ष्मणेनोक्तमरण्ये वसता विभो ॥१२॥
12. rāghavo'pi priyabhrātre lakṣmaṇāya yaśasvine ,
ṛṣibhyo lakṣmaṇenoktamaraṇye vasatā vibho.
12. rāghavaḥ api priyabhrātre lakṣmaṇāya yaśasvine
ṛṣibhyaḥ lakṣmaṇena uktam araṇye vasatā vibho
12. vibho rāghavaḥ api priyabhrātre yaśasvine
lakṣmaṇāya lakṣmaṇena araṇye vasatā ṛṣibhyaḥ uktam
12. Rāghava (Rāma) also recounted this to his dear, glorious brother Lakshmana. And Lakshmana, while dwelling in the forest, then told it to the sages, O lord.
पारंपर्यागतं चेदमृषयः संशितव्रताः ।
दुर्धरं धारयामासू राजानश्चैव धार्मिकाः ।
उपाध्यायेन गदितं मम चेदं युधिष्ठिर ॥१३॥
13. pāraṁparyāgataṁ cedamṛṣayaḥ saṁśitavratāḥ ,
durdharaṁ dhārayāmāsū rājānaścaiva dhārmikāḥ ,
upādhyāyena gaditaṁ mama cedaṁ yudhiṣṭhira.
13. pāraṃparyāgatam ca idam ṛṣayaḥ
saṃśitavratāḥ durdharam dhārayāmāsuḥ
rājānaḥ ca eva dhārmikāḥ upādhyāyena
gaditam mama ca idam yudhiṣṭhira
13. yudhiṣṭhira ca idam pāraṃparyāgatam
durdharam saṃśitavratāḥ ṛṣayaḥ ca
eva dhārmikāḥ rājānaḥ dhārayāmāsuḥ
ca idam mama upādhyāyena gaditam
13. And this (knowledge), which has come down through tradition, was maintained by the sages of firm vows and also by righteous kings, even though it is difficult to uphold. And this was spoken to me by my teacher, O Yudhiṣṭhira.
य इदं ब्राह्मणो नित्यं वदेद्ब्राह्मणसंसदि ।
यज्ञेषु गोप्रदानेषु द्वयोरपि समागमे ॥१४॥
14. ya idaṁ brāhmaṇo nityaṁ vadedbrāhmaṇasaṁsadi ,
yajñeṣu gopradāneṣu dvayorapi samāgame.
14. yaḥ idam brāhmaṇaḥ nityam vadet brāhmaṇasaṃsadi
yajñeṣu gopradāneṣu dvayoḥ api samāgame
14. yaḥ brāhmaṇaḥ nityam idam brāhmaṇasaṃsadi
yajñeṣu gopradāneṣu dvayoḥ api samāgame vadet
14. A brahmin who regularly recites this (text or teaching) in an assembly of brahmins, as well as during (Vedic rituals) and on occasions of cow-giving - at the confluence of both (types of events) -
तस्य लोकाः किलाक्षय्या दैवतैः सह नित्यदा ।
इति ब्रह्मा स भगवानुवाच परमेश्वरः ॥१५॥
15. tasya lokāḥ kilākṣayyā daivataiḥ saha nityadā ,
iti brahmā sa bhagavānuvāca parameśvaraḥ.
15. tasya lokāḥ kila akṣayyāḥ daivataiḥ saha nityadā
iti brahmā saḥ bhagavān uvāca parameśvaraḥ
15. tasya lokāḥ akṣayyāḥ kila daivataiḥ saha nityadā
iti saḥ bhagavān parameśvaraḥ brahmā uvāca
15. For him, the worlds (realms) are indeed imperishable, eternally (living) with the deities. Thus spoke that illustrious Brahma, the Supreme Lord.