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महाभारतः       mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-247

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भीष्म उवाच ।
भूतानां गुणसंख्यानं भूयः पुत्र निशामय ।
द्वैपायनमुखाद्भ्रष्टं श्लाघया परयानघ ॥१॥
1. bhīṣma uvāca ,
bhūtānāṁ guṇasaṁkhyānaṁ bhūyaḥ putra niśāmaya ,
dvaipāyanamukhādbhraṣṭaṁ ślāghayā parayānagha.
1. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca bhūtānām guṇasaṃkhyānam bhūyaḥ putra
niśāmaya dvaipāyanamukhāt bhraṣṭam ślāghayā parayā anagha
1. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca: putra,
anagha,
bhūyaḥ bhūtānām guṇasaṃkhyānam niśāmaya,
(yat) dvaipāyanamukhāt parayā ślāghayā bhraṣṭam (asti).
1. Bhishma said: O son, listen once more to the comprehensive enumeration of the intrinsic natures (guṇa) of all beings (bhūta). This account, spoken by Dvaipayana, is exalted with supreme praise, O sinless one.
दीप्तानलनिभः प्राह भगवान्धूम्रवर्चसे ।
ततोऽहमपि वक्ष्यामि भूयः पुत्र निदर्शनम् ॥२॥
2. dīptānalanibhaḥ prāha bhagavāndhūmravarcase ,
tato'hamapi vakṣyāmi bhūyaḥ putra nidarśanam.
2. dīptānalanibhaḥ prāha bhagavān dhūmravarcase
tataḥ aham api vakṣyāmi bhūyaḥ putra nidarśanam
2. bhagavān dīptānalanibhaḥ dhūmravarcase prāha
tataḥ putra aham api bhūyaḥ nidarśanam vakṣyāmi
2. The revered one, who resembled a blazing fire, spoke to Dhūmravarcas. Then, O son, I too will provide another example.
भूमेः स्थैर्यं पृथुत्वं च काठिन्यं प्रसवात्मता ।
गन्धो गुरुत्वं शक्तिश्च संघातः स्थापना धृतिः ॥३॥
3. bhūmeḥ sthairyaṁ pṛthutvaṁ ca kāṭhinyaṁ prasavātmatā ,
gandho gurutvaṁ śaktiśca saṁghātaḥ sthāpanā dhṛtiḥ.
3. bhūmeḥ sthairyam pṛthutvam ca kāṭhinyam prasavātmatā
gandhaḥ gurutvam śaktiḥ ca saṅghātaḥ sthāpanā dhṛtiḥ
3. bhūmeḥ sthairyam pṛthutvam ca kāṭhinyam prasavātmatā
gandhaḥ gurutvam śaktiḥ ca saṅghātaḥ sthāpanā dhṛtiḥ
3. The attributes of the earth are stability, vastness, hardness, a generative nature, smell, heaviness, power (śakti), aggregation, establishment, and steadfast support.
अपां शैत्यं रसः क्लेदो द्रवत्वं स्नेहसौम्यता ।
जिह्वा विष्यन्दिनी चैव भौमाप्यास्रवणं तथा ॥४॥
4. apāṁ śaityaṁ rasaḥ kledo dravatvaṁ snehasaumyatā ,
jihvā viṣyandinī caiva bhaumāpyāsravaṇaṁ tathā.
4. apām śaityam rasaḥ kledaḥ dravatvam snehasoumyatā
jihvā viṣyandinī ca eva bhaumāpyāsravaṇam tathā
4. apām śaityam rasaḥ kledaḥ dravatvam snehasoumyatā
jihvā viṣyandinī ca eva bhaumāpyāsravaṇam tathā
4. The attributes of water include coolness, taste, wetness, liquidity, unctuousness, gentleness, and the flowing sensation it produces on the tongue. Also, the percolation of water through the earth.
अग्नेर्दुर्धर्षता तेजस्तापः पाकः प्रकाशनम् ।
शौचं रागो लघुस्तैक्ष्ण्यं दशमं चोर्ध्वभागिता ॥५॥
5. agnerdurdharṣatā tejastāpaḥ pākaḥ prakāśanam ,
śaucaṁ rāgo laghustaikṣṇyaṁ daśamaṁ cordhvabhāgitā.
5. agneḥ durdharṣatā tejaḥ tāpaḥ pākaḥ prakāśanam śaucam
rāgaḥ laghuḥ taikṣṇyam daśamam ca ūrdhvabhāgitā
5. agneḥ durdharṣatā tejaḥ tāpaḥ pākaḥ prakāśanam śaucam
rāgaḥ laghuḥ taikṣṇyam daśamam ca ūrdhvabhāgitā
5. The attributes of fire are irresistibleness, brilliance, heat, cooking, illumination, purity, color, lightness, sharpness, and the tenth is its upward movement.
वायोरनियमः स्पर्शो वादस्थानं स्वतन्त्रता ।
बलं शैघ्र्यं च मोहश्च चेष्टा कर्मकृता भवः ॥६॥
6. vāyoraniyamaḥ sparśo vādasthānaṁ svatantratā ,
balaṁ śaighryaṁ ca mohaśca ceṣṭā karmakṛtā bhavaḥ.
6. vāyoḥ aniyamaḥ sparśaḥ vādhasthānam svatantratā
balam śaighryam ca mohaḥ ca ceṣṭā karmakṛtā bhavaḥ
6. vāyoḥ aniyamaḥ sparśaḥ vādhasthānam svatantratā
balam śaighryam ca mohaḥ ca ceṣṭā karmakṛtā bhavaḥ
6. The qualities of air (vāyu) are: unrestrained nature, touch, a ground for debate, independence, strength, swiftness, delusion, activity (ceṣṭā) that is produced by action (karma), and existence (bhava).
आकाशस्य गुणः शब्दो व्यापित्वं छिद्रतापि च ।
अनाश्रयमनालम्बमव्यक्तमविकारिता ॥७॥
7. ākāśasya guṇaḥ śabdo vyāpitvaṁ chidratāpi ca ,
anāśrayamanālambamavyaktamavikāritā.
7. ākāśasya guṇaḥ śabdaḥ vyāpitvam chidratā api
ca anāśrayam anālambam avyaktam avikāritā
7. ākāśasya guṇaḥ śabdaḥ vyāpitvam chidratā api
ca anāśrayam anālambam avyaktam avikāritā
7. Sound (śabda) is the primary quality of space (ākāśa). Additionally, pervasiveness, porousness, being unsupported, not relying on anything, unmanifest, and unchangeability are also its attributes.
अप्रतीघातता चैव भूतत्वं विकृतानि च ।
गुणाः पञ्चाशतं प्रोक्ताः पञ्चभूतात्मभाविताः ॥८॥
8. apratīghātatā caiva bhūtatvaṁ vikṛtāni ca ,
guṇāḥ pañcāśataṁ proktāḥ pañcabhūtātmabhāvitāḥ.
8. apratīghātatā ca eva bhūtatvam vikṛtāni ca
guṇāḥ pañcāśatam proktāḥ pañcabhūtātmabhāvitāḥ
8. apratīghātatā ca eva bhūtatvam vikṛtāni ca
guṇāḥ pañcāśatam pañcabhūtātmabhāvitāḥ proktāḥ
8. And indeed, non-obstruction, elemental nature, and various modifications [are also mentioned]. Fifty qualities are declared, which are considered as inherent to the nature of the five elements (pañcabhūta).
चलोपपत्तिर्व्यक्तिश्च विसर्गः कल्पना क्षमा ।
सदसच्चाशुता चैव मनसो नव वै गुणाः ॥९॥
9. calopapattirvyaktiśca visargaḥ kalpanā kṣamā ,
sadasaccāśutā caiva manaso nava vai guṇāḥ.
9. calopapattiḥ vyaktiḥ ca visargaḥ kalpanā kṣamā
sat asat ca āśutā ca eva manasaḥ nava vai guṇāḥ
9. calopapattiḥ vyaktiḥ ca visargaḥ kalpanā kṣamā
sat asat ca āśutā ca eva nava guṇāḥ manasaḥ vai
9. Unsteady manifestation, distinctness, emission, imagination, capability, (the perception of) existence and non-existence, and swiftness - these indeed are the nine qualities of the mind (manas).
इष्टानिष्टविकल्पश्च व्यवसायः समाधिता ।
संशयः प्रतिपत्तिश्च बुद्धौ पञ्चेह ये गुणाः ॥१०॥
10. iṣṭāniṣṭavikalpaśca vyavasāyaḥ samādhitā ,
saṁśayaḥ pratipattiśca buddhau pañceha ye guṇāḥ.
10. iṣṭāniṣṭavikalpaḥ ca vyavasāyaḥ samādhitā saṃśayaḥ
pratipattiḥ ca buddhau pañca iha ye guṇāḥ
10. ye pañca guṇāḥ iha buddhau iṣṭāniṣṭavikalpaḥ ca
vyavasāyaḥ samādhitā saṃśayaḥ ca pratipattiḥ
10. The distinction between the desirable and the undesirable, along with determination, concentration, doubt, and understanding - these are the five qualities found here in the intellect (buddhi).
युधिष्ठिर उवाच ।
कथं पञ्चगुणा बुद्धिः कथं पञ्चेन्द्रिया गुणाः ।
एतन्मे सर्वमाचक्ष्व सूक्ष्मज्ञानं पितामह ॥११॥
11. yudhiṣṭhira uvāca ,
kathaṁ pañcaguṇā buddhiḥ kathaṁ pañcendriyā guṇāḥ ,
etanme sarvamācakṣva sūkṣmajñānaṁ pitāmaha.
11. yudhiṣṭhiraḥ uvāca katham pañcaguṇā buddhiḥ katham
pañcendriyā guṇāḥ etat me sarvam ācakṣva sūkṣmajñānam pitāmaha
11. yudhiṣṭhiraḥ uvāca pitāmaha katham buddhiḥ pañcaguṇā katham
pañcendriyā guṇāḥ etat sarvam sūkṣmajñānam me ācakṣva
11. Yudhishthira said: O Grandfather, how is the intellect (buddhi) endowed with five qualities? And how are the senses (indriya) possessed of five qualities? Please explain all this subtle knowledge to me.
भीष्म उवाच ।
आहुः षष्टिं भूतगुणान्वै भूतविशिष्टा नित्यविषक्ताः ।
भूतविषक्ताश्चाक्षरसृष्टाः पुत्र न नित्यं तदिह वदन्ति ॥१२॥
12. bhīṣma uvāca ,
āhuḥ ṣaṣṭiṁ bhūtaguṇānvai; bhūtaviśiṣṭā nityaviṣaktāḥ ,
bhūtaviṣaktāścākṣarasṛṣṭāḥ; putra na nityaṁ tadiha vadanti.
12. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca āhuḥ ṣaṣṭim bhūtaguṇān
vai bhūtaviśiṣṭāḥ nityaviṣaktāḥ
bhūtaviṣaktāḥ ca akṣarasṛṣṭāḥ
putra na nityam tat iha vadanti
12. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca putra vai ṣaṣṭim
bhūtaguṇān āhuḥ bhūtaviśiṣṭāḥ
nityaviṣaktāḥ ca bhūtaviṣaktāḥ
akṣarasṛṣṭāḥ iha tat na nityam vadanti
12. Bhishma said: Indeed, they speak of sixty qualities belonging to beings or elements, which are distinct from the elements themselves, yet perpetually connected to them. Furthermore, O son, they declare that these qualities, though connected to beings and created by the imperishable (akṣara), are not eternal.
तत्पुत्र चिन्ताकलितं यदुक्तमनागतं वै तव संप्रतीह ।
भूतार्थतत्त्वं तदवाप्य सर्वं भूतप्रभावाद्भव शान्तबुद्धिः ॥१३॥
13. tatputra cintākalitaṁ yadukta;manāgataṁ vai tava saṁpratīha ,
bhūtārthatattvaṁ tadavāpya sarvaṁ; bhūtaprabhāvādbhava śāntabuddhiḥ.
13. tat putra cintākalitam yat uktam
anāgatam vai tava samprati iha
bhūtārthatattvam tat avāpya sarvam
bhūtaprabhāvāt bhava śāntabuddhiḥ
13. putra yat cintākalitam uktam vai
samprati iha tava anāgatam avāpya
tat sarvam bhūtārthatattvam
bhūtaprabhāvāt śāntabuddhiḥ bhava
13. O son, regarding what you have thoughtfully expressed, which is presently unclear for you here: having completely grasped the true nature of all existing things (bhūta), become tranquil in your intellect (buddhi) by understanding the influence of these elements.