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महाभारतः       mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-1

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युधिष्ठिर उवाच ।
शमो बहुविधाकारः सूक्ष्म उक्तः पितामह ।
न च मे हृदये शान्तिरस्ति कृत्वेदमीदृशम् ॥१॥
1. yudhiṣṭhira uvāca ,
śamo bahuvidhākāraḥ sūkṣma uktaḥ pitāmaha ,
na ca me hṛdaye śāntirasti kṛtvedamīdṛśam.
1. Yudhiṣṭhira uvāca śamaḥ bahuvidhākāraḥ sūkṣmaḥ uktaḥ
pitāmaha na ca me hṛdaye śāntiḥ asti kṛtvā idam īdṛśam
1. Yudhiṣṭhira uvāca pitāmaha,
śamaḥ bahuvidhākāraḥ sūkṣmaḥ uktaḥ.
ca me hṛdaye idam īdṛśam kṛtvā śāntiḥ na asti.
1. Yudhishthira said: "O Grandfather, inner tranquility (śama) has been described as subtle and manifold. However, having performed such deeds as these, there is no peace in my heart."
अस्मिन्नर्थे बहुविधा शान्तिरुक्ता त्वयानघ ।
स्वकृते का नु शान्तिः स्याच्छमाद्बहुविधादपि ॥२॥
2. asminnarthe bahuvidhā śāntiruktā tvayānagha ,
svakṛte kā nu śāntiḥ syācchamādbahuvidhādapi.
2. asmin arthe bahuvidhā śāntiḥ uktā tvayā anagha
svakṛte kā nu śāntiḥ syāt śamāt bahuvidhāt api
2. anagha,
asmin arthe tvayā bahuvidhā śāntiḥ uktā.
svakṛte śamāt bahuvidhāt api nu kā śāntiḥ syāt?
2. O sinless one (anagha), you have indeed spoken of many kinds of peace (śānti) in this context. But what peace, truly, could there be for my own actions, even from manifold inner tranquility (śama)?
शराचितशरीरं हि तीव्रव्रणमुदीक्ष्य च ।
शमं नोपलभे वीर दुष्कृतान्येव चिन्तयन् ॥३॥
3. śarācitaśarīraṁ hi tīvravraṇamudīkṣya ca ,
śamaṁ nopalabhe vīra duṣkṛtānyeva cintayan.
3. śarācitaśarīram hi tīvravraṇam udīkṣya ca
śamam na upalabhe vīra duṣkṛtāni eva cintayan
3. vīra,
hi śarācitaśarīram tīvravraṇam ca udīkṣya,
duṣkṛtāni eva cintayan śamam na upalabhe.
3. O hero, upon seeing a body covered with arrows and grievous wounds, I find no inner tranquility (śama), as I contemplate only my wicked deeds.
रुधिरेणावसिक्ताङ्गं प्रस्रवन्तं यथाचलम् ।
त्वां दृष्ट्वा पुरुषव्याघ्र सीदे वर्षास्विवाम्बुजम् ॥४॥
4. rudhireṇāvasiktāṅgaṁ prasravantaṁ yathācalam ,
tvāṁ dṛṣṭvā puruṣavyāghra sīde varṣāsvivāmbujam.
4. rudhireṇa avasiktāṅgam prasravantam yathācalam
tvām dṛṣṭvā puruṣavyāghra sīde varṣāsu iva ambujam
4. puruṣavyāghra,
rudhireṇa avasiktāṅgam yathācalam prasravantam tvām dṛṣṭvā,
ambujam varṣāsu iva sīde.
4. O tiger among men (puruṣavyāghra), seeing your limbs drenched with blood, flowing forth like a mountain stream, I wilt like a lotus in the rainy season.
अतः कष्टतरं किं नु मत्कृते यत्पितामहः ।
इमामवस्थां गमितः प्रत्यमित्रै रणाजिरे ।
तथैवान्ये नृपतयः सहपुत्राः सबान्धवाः ॥५॥
5. ataḥ kaṣṭataraṁ kiṁ nu matkṛte yatpitāmahaḥ ,
imāmavasthāṁ gamitaḥ pratyamitrai raṇājire ,
tathaivānye nṛpatayaḥ sahaputrāḥ sabāndhavāḥ.
5. ataḥ kaṣṭataram kim nu matkṛte yat
pitāmahaḥ imām avasthām gamitaḥ
pratyamitraiḥ raṇājire tathā eva anye
nṛpatayaḥ sahaputrāḥ sabāndhavāḥ
5. yat matkṛte pitāmahaḥ imām avasthām pratyamitraiḥ raṇājire gamitaḥ,
tathā eva anye nṛpatayaḥ sahaputrāḥ sabāndhavāḥ,
ataḥ kim nu kaṣṭataram?
5. What could be more distressing than this, that for my sake, grandfather (Bhīṣma) has been reduced to this condition by adversaries on the battlefield? And similarly, other kings, along with their sons and relatives, [are in a similar plight].
वयं हि धार्तराष्ट्राश्च कालमन्युवशानुगाः ।
कृत्वेदं निन्दितं कर्म प्राप्स्यामः कां गतिं नृप ॥६॥
6. vayaṁ hi dhārtarāṣṭrāśca kālamanyuvaśānugāḥ ,
kṛtvedaṁ ninditaṁ karma prāpsyāmaḥ kāṁ gatiṁ nṛpa.
6. vayam hi dhārtarāṣṭrāḥ ca kālamanyuvaśānugāḥ kṛtvā
idam ninditam karma prāpsyāmaḥ kām gatim nṛpa
6. nṛpa,
hi vayam dhārtarāṣṭrāḥ ca kālamanyuvaśānugāḥ idam ninditam karma kṛtvā kām gatim prāpsyāmaḥ?
6. Indeed, we, the Dhārtarāṣṭras, subservient to the sway of time and anger, having committed this reprehensible action (karma), what destiny shall we attain, O king?
अहं तव ह्यन्तकरः सुहृद्वधकरस्तथा ।
न शान्तिमधिगच्छामि पश्यंस्त्वां दुःखितं क्षितौ ॥७॥
7. ahaṁ tava hyantakaraḥ suhṛdvadhakarastathā ,
na śāntimadhigacchāmi paśyaṁstvāṁ duḥkhitaṁ kṣitau.
7. aham tava hi antakaraḥ suhṛdvadhakaraḥ tathā na
śāntim adhigacchāmi paśyan tvām duḥkhitam kṣitau
7. hi aham tava antakaraḥ tathā suhṛdvadhakaraḥ.
tvām kṣitau duḥkhitam paśyan śāntim na adhigacchāmi.
7. Indeed, I am your destroyer and the killer of friends. I do not find peace when I see you distressed on the ground.
भीष्म उवाच ।
परतन्त्रं कथं हेतुमात्मानमनुपश्यसि ।
कर्मण्यस्मिन्महाभाग सूक्ष्मं ह्येतदतीन्द्रियम् ॥८॥
8. bhīṣma uvāca ,
paratantraṁ kathaṁ hetumātmānamanupaśyasi ,
karmaṇyasminmahābhāga sūkṣmaṁ hyetadatīndriyam.
8. bhīṣma uvāca paratantram katham hetum ātmānam anupaśyasi
karmaṇi asmin mahābhāga sūkṣmam hi etat atīndriyam
8. bhīṣma uvāca: mahābhāga,
asmin karmaṇi paratantram ātmānam hetum katham anupaśyasi? hi etat sūkṣmam atīndriyam.
8. Bhīṣma said: 'O illustrious one, how do you consider your self (ātman) to be the dependent cause in this action (karma)? Indeed, this is subtle and beyond the senses.'
अत्राप्युदाहरन्तीममितिहासं पुरातनम् ।
संवादं मृत्युगौतम्योः काललुब्धकपन्नगैः ॥९॥
9. atrāpyudāharantīmamitihāsaṁ purātanam ,
saṁvādaṁ mṛtyugautamyoḥ kālalubdhakapannagaiḥ.
9. atra api udāharanti imam itihāsam purātanam
saṃvādam mṛtyugautamyoḥ kālalubdhakapannagaiḥ
9. atra api imam purātanam itihāsam mṛtyugautamyoḥ
kālalubdhakapannagaiḥ saṃvādam udāharanti
9. Here, they also recount this ancient story: a dialogue between Death, Gautamī, Time, the hunter, and the serpent.
गौतमी नाम कौन्तेय स्थविरा शमसंयुता ।
सर्पेण दष्टं स्वं पुत्रमपश्यद्गतचेतनम् ॥१०॥
10. gautamī nāma kaunteya sthavirā śamasaṁyutā ,
sarpeṇa daṣṭaṁ svaṁ putramapaśyadgatacetanam.
10. gautamī nāma kaunteya sthavirā śamasaṃyutā
sarpeṇa daṣṭam svam putram apaśyat gatacetanam
10. kaunteya nāma gautamī sthavirā śamasaṃyutā
sarpeṇa daṣṭam svam gatacetanam putram apaśyat
10. O son of Kuntī, there was an old woman named Gautamī, endowed with tranquility, who saw her own son, bitten by a serpent, lying unconscious.
अथ तं स्नायुपाशेन बद्ध्वा सर्पममर्षितः ।
लुब्धकोऽर्जुनको नाम गौतम्याः समुपानयत् ॥११॥
11. atha taṁ snāyupāśena baddhvā sarpamamarṣitaḥ ,
lubdhako'rjunako nāma gautamyāḥ samupānayat.
11. atha tam snāyupāśena baddhvā sarpam amarṣitaḥ
lubdhakaḥ arjunakaḥ nāma gautamyāḥ samupānayat
11. atha amarṣitaḥ arjunakaḥ nāma lubdhakaḥ snāyupāśena
tam sarpam baddhvā gautamyāḥ samupānayat
11. Then, an enraged hunter named Arjunaka, having bound that serpent with a noose made of sinews, brought it before Gautamī.
तां चाब्रवीदयं ते स पुत्रहा पन्नगाधमः ।
ब्रूहि क्षिप्रं महाभागे वध्यतां केन हेतुना ॥१२॥
12. tāṁ cābravīdayaṁ te sa putrahā pannagādhamaḥ ,
brūhi kṣipraṁ mahābhāge vadhyatāṁ kena hetunā.
12. tām ca abravīt ayam te sa putrahā pannagādhamaḥ
brūhi kṣipram mahābhāge vadhyatām kena hetunā
12. ca tām abravīt ayam te sa putrahā pannagādhamaḥ
mahābhāge kṣipram brūhi kena hetunā vadhyatām
12. And he said to her, 'This, O illustrious lady, is that vile serpent, the killer of your son. Tell me quickly by what means or for what reason he should be put to death.'
अग्नौ प्रक्षिप्यतामेष च्छिद्यतां खण्डशोऽपि वा ।
न ह्ययं बालहा पापश्चिरं जीवितुमर्हति ॥१३॥
13. agnau prakṣipyatāmeṣa cchidyatāṁ khaṇḍaśo'pi vā ,
na hyayaṁ bālahā pāpaściraṁ jīvitumarhati.
13. agnau prakṣipyatām eṣa chidyatām khaṇḍaśaḥ api
vā na hi ayam bālahā pāpaḥ ciram jīvitum arhati
13. eṣa agnau prakṣipyatām vā khaṇḍaśaḥ api chidyatām
hi ayam bālahā pāpaḥ ciram jīvitum na arhati
13. Let him be thrown into fire, or else be cut into pieces. For this sinful child-killer certainly does not deserve to live long.
गौतम्युवाच ।
विसृजैनमबुद्धिस्त्वं न वध्योऽर्जुनक त्वया ।
को ह्यात्मानं गुरुं कुर्यात्प्राप्तव्ये सति चिन्तयन् ॥१४॥
14. gautamyuvāca ,
visṛjainamabuddhistvaṁ na vadhyo'rjunaka tvayā ,
ko hyātmānaṁ guruṁ kuryātprāptavye sati cintayan.
14. gautamī uvāca visṛja enam abuddhiḥ tvam na vadhyaḥ arjunaka
tvayā kaḥ hi ātmānam gurum kuryāt prāptavye sati cintayan
14. gautamī uvāca tvam abuddhiḥ visṛja enam arjunaka tvayā na
vadhyaḥ hi kaḥ prāptavye sati cintayan ātmānam gurum kuryāt
14. Gautami said, 'You are unwise; release him. He should not be killed by you, O Arjunaka. For who, while reflecting on what is to be achieved, would appoint his own self (ātman) as a spiritual guide (guru)?'
प्लवन्ते धर्मलघवो लोकेऽम्भसि यथा प्लवाः ।
मज्जन्ति पापगुरवः शस्त्रं स्कन्नमिवोदके ॥१५॥
15. plavante dharmalaghavo loke'mbhasi yathā plavāḥ ,
majjanti pāpaguravaḥ śastraṁ skannamivodake.
15. plavante dharmalaghavo loke ambhasi yathā plavāḥ
majjanti pāpaguravaḥ śastram skannam iva udake
15. dharmalaghavo loke yathā plavāḥ ambhasi plavante
pāpaguravaḥ skannam śastram udake iva majjanti
15. Those who are light regarding their intrinsic nature (dharma) float in the world, just as rafts float on water. Those who are heavy with sin (pāpa) sink, like a weapon dropped into water.
न चामृत्युर्भविता वै हतेऽस्मिन्को वात्ययः स्यादहतेऽस्मिञ्जनस्य ।
अस्योत्सर्गे प्राणयुक्तस्य जन्तोर्मृत्योर्लोकं को नु गच्छेदनन्तम् ॥१६॥
16. na cāmṛtyurbhavitā vai hate'smi;nko vātyayaḥ syādahate'smiñjanasya ,
asyotsarge prāṇayuktasya janto;rmṛtyorlokaṁ ko nu gacchedanantam.
16. na ca amṛtyuḥ bhavitā vai hate asmin
kaḥ vā atyayaḥ syāt ahate asmin
janasya asya utsarge prāṇayuktasya jantoḥ
mṛtyoḥ lokam kaḥ nu gacchet anantam
16. vai asmin hate na ca amṛtyuḥ bhavitā
vā asmin ahate janasya kaḥ atyayaḥ
syāt prāṇayuktasya asya jantoḥ utsarge
kaḥ nu anantam mṛtyoḥ lokam gacchet
16. Indeed, there will be no deathlessness (amṛtyu) if he is killed. Or what loss would there be for humanity if he is not killed? Who, by abandoning this living creature endowed with life-breath (prāṇa), would indeed go to the endless world of death?
लुब्धक उवाच ।
जानाम्येवं नेह गुणागुणज्ञाः सर्वे नियुक्ता गुरवो वै भवन्ति ।
स्वस्थस्यैते तूपदेशा भवन्ति तस्मात्क्षुद्रं सर्पमेनं हनिष्ये ॥१७॥
17. lubdhaka uvāca ,
jānāmyevaṁ neha guṇāguṇajñāḥ; sarve niyuktā guravo vai bhavanti ,
svasthasyaite tūpadeśā bhavanti; tasmātkṣudraṁ sarpamenaṁ haniṣye.
17. lubdhaka uvāca | jānāmi evam na iha
guṇa-aguṇa-jñāḥ sarve niyuktāḥ guravaḥ vai
bhavanti | svasthasya ete tu upadeśāḥ
bhavanti tasmāt kṣudram sarpam enam haniṣye
17. lubdhaka uvāca aham evam jānāmi: iha sarve niyuktāḥ guravaḥ vai guṇa-aguṇa-jñāḥ na bhavanti ete upadeśāḥ tu svasthasya bhavanti tasmāt enam kṣudram sarpam haniṣye.
17. The hunter said: "I know this: not all who are appointed as teachers here are truly discerning of qualities and faults. These instructions are indeed meant for a composed person. Therefore, I shall kill this wretched snake."
समीप्सन्तः कालयोगं त्यजन्ति सद्यः शुचं त्वर्थविदस्त्यजन्ति ।
श्रेयः क्षयः शोचतां नित्यशो हि तस्मात्त्याज्यं जहि शोकं हतेऽस्मिन् ॥१८॥
18. samīpsantaḥ kālayogaṁ tyajanti; sadyaḥ śucaṁ tvarthavidastyajanti ,
śreyaḥ kṣayaḥ śocatāṁ nityaśo hi; tasmāttyājyaṁ jahi śokaṁ hate'smin.
18. samīpsantaḥ kālayogam tyajanti sadyaḥ
śucam tu artha-vidaḥ tyajanti |
śreyaḥ kṣayaḥ śocatām nityaśaḥ hi
tasmāt tyājyam jahi śokam hate asmin
18. samīpsantaḥ kālayogam tyajanti,
tu artha-vidaḥ sadyaḥ śucam tyajanti hi nityaśaḥ śocatām śreyaḥ kṣayaḥ tasmāt asmin hate (sati) tyājyam śokam jahi.
18. Those who intensely desire (an outcome) often disregard the opportune moment. But those who understand the true purpose immediately abandon sorrow. Indeed, for those who constantly grieve, the cessation of (that grief) is always beneficial. Therefore, abandon this sorrow; it should be given up once this (snake) is killed.
गौतम्युवाच ।
न चैवार्तिर्विद्यतेऽस्मद्विधानां धर्मारामः सततं सज्जनो हि ।
नित्यायस्तो बालजनो न चास्ति धर्मो ह्येष प्रभवाम्यस्य नाहम् ॥१९॥
19. gautamyuvāca ,
na caivārtirvidyate'smadvidhānāṁ; dharmārāmaḥ satataṁ sajjano hi ,
nityāyasto bālajano na cāsti; dharmo hyeṣa prabhavāmyasya nāham.
19. gautamī uvāca | na ca eva ārtiḥ vidyate
asmat-vidhānām dharma-ārāmaḥ satatam sajjanaḥ
hi | nitya-āyastaḥ bālajanaḥ na ca asti
dharmaḥ hi eṣaḥ prabhavāmi asya na aham
19. gautamī uvāca asmat-vidhānām ārtiḥ ca eva na vidyate hi sajjanaḥ satatam dharma-ārāmaḥ nitya-āyastaḥ bālajanaḥ ca na asti hi eṣaḥ dharmaḥ; aham asya na prabhavāmi.
19. Gautami said: "No suffering exists for those like us. Indeed, a virtuous person constantly delights in their intrinsic nature (dharma). There is no ignorant person who is perpetually agitated. For this is the natural law (dharma), and I have no power over it."
न ब्राह्मणानां कोपोऽस्ति कुतः कोपाच्च यातना ।
मार्दवात्क्षम्यतां साधो मुच्यतामेष पन्नगः ॥२०॥
20. na brāhmaṇānāṁ kopo'sti kutaḥ kopācca yātanā ,
mārdavātkṣamyatāṁ sādho mucyatāmeṣa pannagaḥ.
20. na brāhmaṇānām kopaḥ asti kutaḥ kopāt ca yātanā
| mārdavāt kṣamyatām sādho mucyatām eṣaḥ pannagaḥ
20. brāhmaṇānām kopaḥ na asti,
ca kutaḥ kopāt yātanā? sādho,
mārdavāt kṣamyatām,
eṣaḥ pannagaḥ mucyatām.
20. Brahmins possess no anger, and from where would punishment arise from anger (if there is no anger)? O virtuous one, let (this offense) be forgiven out of gentleness, and let this snake be released.
लुब्धक उवाच ।
हत्वा लाभः श्रेय एवाव्ययं स्यात्सद्यो लाभो बलवद्भिः प्रशस्तः ।
कालाल्लाभो यस्तु सद्यो भवेत हते श्रेयः कुत्सिते त्वीदृशे स्यात् ॥२१॥
21. lubdhaka uvāca ,
hatvā lābhaḥ śreya evāvyayaṁ syā;tsadyo lābho balavadbhiḥ praśastaḥ ,
kālāllābho yastu sadyo bhaveta; hate śreyaḥ kutsite tvīdṛśe syāt.
21. lubdhakaḥ uvāca hatvā lābhaḥ śreyaḥ eva
avyayam syāt sadyaḥ lābhaḥ balavadbhiḥ
praśastaḥ kālāt lābhaḥ yaḥ tu sadyaḥ
bhavet hate śreyaḥ kutsite tu īdṛśe syāt
21. lubdhakaḥ uvāca hatvā avyayam śreyaḥ lābhaḥ eva syāt.
sadyaḥ lābhaḥ balavadbhiḥ praśastaḥ.
yaḥ lābhaḥ kālāt sadyaḥ bhavet tu,
īdṛśe kutsite hate śreyaḥ syāt.
21. The hunter said: 'Killing certainly yields an excellent, imperishable gain. Immediate gain is praised by the strong. If a gain that usually comes with time occurs immediately, then for such a despised creature, being killed is truly beneficial.'
गौतम्युवाच ।
कार्थप्राप्तिर्गृह्य शत्रुं निहत्य का वा शान्तिः प्राप्य शत्रुं नमुक्त्वा ।
कस्मात्सौम्य भुजगे न क्षमेयं मोक्षं वा किं कारणं नास्य कुर्याम् ॥२२॥
22. gautamyuvāca ,
kārthaprāptirgṛhya śatruṁ nihatya; kā vā śāntiḥ prāpya śatruṁ namuktvā ,
kasmātsaumya bhujage na kṣameyaṁ; mokṣaṁ vā kiṁ kāraṇaṁ nāsya kuryām.
22. Gautamī uvāca | kā arthaprāptiḥ gṛhya
śatrum nihatya kā vā śāntiḥ prāpya śatrum
na muktvā | kasmāt saumya bhujage na
kṣameyam mokṣam vā kim kāraṇam na asya kuryām
22. Gautamī uvāca śatrum gṛhya nihatya kā arthaprāptiḥ? śatrum na muktvā vā kā śāntiḥ prāpya? saumya,
kasmāt bhujage na kṣameyam? vā asya mokṣam na kuryām kim kāraṇam?
22. Gautami said: 'What gain is achieved by capturing and killing an enemy? What peace, indeed, is attained by not releasing an enemy? Why, gentle one, should I not forgive this snake? Or for what reason should I not grant it liberation (mokṣa)?'
लुब्धक उवाच ।
अस्मादेकस्माद्बहवो रक्षितव्या नैको बहुभ्यो गौतमि रक्षितव्यः ।
कृतागसं धर्मविदस्त्यजन्ति सरीसृपं पापमिमं जहि त्वम् ॥२३॥
23. lubdhaka uvāca ,
asmādekasmādbahavo rakṣitavyā; naiko bahubhyo gautami rakṣitavyaḥ ,
kṛtāgasaṁ dharmavidastyajanti; sarīsṛpaṁ pāpamimaṁ jahi tvam.
23. lubdhakaḥ uvāca | asmāt ekasmāt bahavaḥ
rakṣitavyāḥ na ekaḥ bahubhyaḥ Gautami
rakṣitavyaḥ | kṛtāgasam dharmavidaḥ
tyajanti sarīsṛpam pāpam imam jahi tvam
23. lubdhakaḥ uvāca asmāt ekasmāt bahavaḥ rakṣitavyāḥ.
Gautami,
ekaḥ bahubhyaḥ na rakṣitavyaḥ.
dharmavidaḥ kṛtāgasam tyajanti.
tvam imam pāpam sarīsṛpam jahi.
23. The hunter said: 'From this single creature, many (others) should be protected; but one (creature) should not be protected for many (people), Gautami. Those who understand (dharma) abandon a wrongdoer. Therefore, you should kill this sinful reptile.'
गौतम्युवाच ।
नास्मिन्हते पन्नगे पुत्रको मे संप्राप्स्यते लुब्धक जीवितं वै ।
गुणं चान्यं नास्य वधे प्रपश्ये तस्मात्सर्पं लुब्धक मुञ्च जीवम् ॥२४॥
24. gautamyuvāca ,
nāsminhate pannage putrako me; saṁprāpsyate lubdhaka jīvitaṁ vai ,
guṇaṁ cānyaṁ nāsya vadhe prapaśye; tasmātsarpaṁ lubdhaka muñca jīvam.
24. Gautamī uvāca | na asmin hate pannage
putrakḥ me samprāpsyate lubdhaka jīvitam
vai | guṇam ca anyam na asya vadhe
prapaśye tasmāt sarpam lubdhaka muñca jīvam
24. Gautamī uvāca lubdhaka,
asmin pannage hate api,
me putrakḥ jīvitam na vai samprāpsyate.
ca asya vadhe anyam guṇam na prapaśye.
tasmāt lubdhaka,
sarpam jīvam muñca.
24. Gautami said: 'O hunter, my son will certainly not regain his life even if this serpent is killed. Furthermore, I see no other benefit in its killing. Therefore, O hunter, release this serpent alive.'
लुब्धक उवाच ।
वृत्रं हत्वा देवराट्श्रेष्ठभाग्वै यज्ञं हत्वा भागमवाप चैव ।
शूली देवो देववृत्तं कुरु त्वं क्षिप्रं सर्पं जहि मा भूद्विशङ्का ॥२५॥
25. lubdhaka uvāca ,
vṛtraṁ hatvā devarāṭśreṣṭhabhāgvai; yajñaṁ hatvā bhāgamavāpa caiva ,
śūlī devo devavṛttaṁ kuru tvaṁ; kṣipraṁ sarpaṁ jahi mā bhūdviśaṅkā.
25. lubdhakaḥ uvāca | vṛtram hatvā devarāṭ
śreṣṭhabhāg vai yajñam hatvā bhāgam avāpa
ca eva | śūlī devaḥ devavṛttam kuru
tvam kṣipram sarpam jahi mā bhūt viśaṅkā
25. lubdhakaḥ uvāca devarāṭ vṛtram hatvā
śreṣṭhabhāg vai avāpa ca yajñam hatvā bhāgam
eva (avāpa) tvam śūlī devaḥ devavṛttam
kuru kṣipram sarpam jahi viśaṅkā mā bhūt
25. The hunter said: "Having slain Vṛtra, the king of gods indeed obtained the best portion; and having disrupted a Vedic ritual (yajña), he (Indra or Shiva) also obtained a share. O divine Śūlī (snake), perform a god-like deed! Quickly kill this creature; let there be no doubt!"
भीष्म उवाच ।
असकृत्प्रोच्यमानापि गौतमी भुजगं प्रति ।
लुब्धकेन महाभागा पापे नैवाकरोन्मतिम् ॥२६॥
26. bhīṣma uvāca ,
asakṛtprocyamānāpi gautamī bhujagaṁ prati ,
lubdhakena mahābhāgā pāpe naivākaronmatim.
26. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca | asakṛt procyamānā api gautamī bhujagam
prati | lubdhakena mahābhāgā pāpe na eva akarot matim
26. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca lubdhakena bhujagam prati asakṛt procyamānā
api mahābhāgā gautamī pāpe matim na eva akarot
26. Bhishma said: "Even though she was repeatedly addressed by the hunter regarding the serpent, the noble Gautami did not set her mind on committing a sinful act."
ईषदुच्छ्वसमानस्तु कृच्छ्रात्संस्तभ्य पन्नगः ।
उत्ससर्ज गिरं मन्दां मानुषीं पाशपीडितः ॥२७॥
27. īṣaducchvasamānastu kṛcchrātsaṁstabhya pannagaḥ ,
utsasarja giraṁ mandāṁ mānuṣīṁ pāśapīḍitaḥ.
27. īṣat ucchvasamānaḥ tu kṛcchrāt saṃstabhyā pannagaḥ
| utsasarja giram mandām mānuṣīm pāśapīḍitaḥ
27. tu pāśapīḍitaḥ pannagaḥ īṣat ucchvasamānaḥ
kṛcchrāt saṃstabhyā mandām mānuṣīm giram utsasarja
27. But the snake, breathing faintly, having with difficulty restrained itself and afflicted by the grip of the deer, emitted a soft human voice.
को न्वर्जुनक दोषोऽत्र विद्यते मम बालिश ।
अस्वतन्त्रं हि मां मृत्युर्विवशं यदचूचुदत् ॥२८॥
28. ko nvarjunaka doṣo'tra vidyate mama bāliśa ,
asvatantraṁ hi māṁ mṛtyurvivaśaṁ yadacūcudat.
28. kaḥ nu arjunaka doṣaḥ atra vidyate mama bāliśa
| asvatantram hi mām mṛtyuḥ vivaśam yat acūcudat
28. bāliśa arjunaka atra mama kaḥ doṣaḥ nu vidyate
hi yat mṛtyuḥ asvatantram vivaśam mām acūcudat
28. "O foolish Arjunaka, what fault is there on my part in this matter? For indeed, death impelled me, who was helpless and without independent will."
तस्यायं वचनाद्दष्टो न कोपेन न काम्यया ।
तस्य तत्किल्बिषं लुब्ध विद्यते यदि किल्बिषम् ॥२९॥
29. tasyāyaṁ vacanāddaṣṭo na kopena na kāmyayā ,
tasya tatkilbiṣaṁ lubdha vidyate yadi kilbiṣam.
29. tasya ayam vacanāt daṣṭaḥ na kopena na kāmyayā
tasya tat kilbiṣam lubdha vidyate yadi kilbiṣam
29. lubdha,
ayam tasya vacanāt daṣṭaḥ,
na kopena na kāmyayā; yadi tat kilbiṣam vidyate,
(tadā) tasya tat kilbiṣam.
29. This (act of biting) was done due to his (the sage's) command, not out of anger or personal desire. O hunter, if there is any transgression (kilbiṣam) in that, then that transgression belongs to him (the sage).
लुब्धक उवाच ।
यद्यन्यवशगेनेदं कृतं ते पन्नगाशुभम् ।
कारणं वै त्वमप्यत्र तस्मात्त्वमपि किल्बिषी ॥३०॥
30. lubdhaka uvāca ,
yadyanyavaśagenedaṁ kṛtaṁ te pannagāśubham ,
kāraṇaṁ vai tvamapyatra tasmāttvamapi kilbiṣī.
30. lubdhakaḥ uvāca yadi anyavaśagena idam kṛtam te pannaga
aśubham kāraṇam vai tvam api atra tasmāt tvam api kilbiṣī
30. lubdhakaḥ uvāca: "pannaga,
yadi te anyavaśagena idam aśubham kṛtam,
(tadā) tvam api atra kāraṇam vai; tasmāt tvam api kilbiṣī.
"
30. The hunter said: 'O serpent, if this inauspicious deed was performed by you, even while acting under another's control, then you are certainly a cause here (in this matter), and therefore you too are guilty of transgression (kilbiṣī).'
मृत्पात्रस्य क्रियायां हि दण्डचक्रादयो यथा ।
कारणत्वे प्रकल्प्यन्ते तथा त्वमपि पन्नग ॥३१॥
31. mṛtpātrasya kriyāyāṁ hi daṇḍacakrādayo yathā ,
kāraṇatve prakalpyante tathā tvamapi pannaga.
31. mṛtpātrasya kriyāyām hi daṇḍacakrādayaḥ yathā
kāraṇatve prakalpyante tathā tvam api pannaga
31. pannaga,
yathā mṛtpātrasya kriyāyām hi daṇḍacakrādayaḥ kāraṇatve prakalpyante,
tathā tvam api (kāraṇam).
31. O serpent, just as in the process of making an earthen pot, the stick, the wheel, and other such instruments are indeed considered to be causes, so too are you (in this matter).
किल्बिषी चापि मे वध्यः किल्बिषी चासि पन्नग ।
आत्मानं कारणं ह्यत्र त्वमाख्यासि भुजंगम ॥३२॥
32. kilbiṣī cāpi me vadhyaḥ kilbiṣī cāsi pannaga ,
ātmānaṁ kāraṇaṁ hyatra tvamākhyāsi bhujaṁgama.
32. kilbiṣī ca api me vadhyaḥ kilbiṣī ca asi pannaga
ātmānam kāraṇam hi atra tvam ākhyāsi bhujaṅgama
32. pannaga,
kilbiṣī ca api me vadhyaḥ; ca tvam api kilbiṣī asi.
hi bhujaṅgama,
tvam atra ātmānam kāraṇam ākhyāsi.
32. Moreover, one who is guilty of transgression (kilbiṣī) is indeed to be slain by me; and you, O serpent, are guilty of transgression. For you yourself, O snake, declare yourself to be the cause here (in this matter).
सर्प उवाच ।
सर्व एते ह्यस्ववशा दण्डचक्रादयो यथा ।
तथाहमपि तस्मान्मे नैष हेतुर्मतस्तव ॥३३॥
33. sarpa uvāca ,
sarva ete hyasvavaśā daṇḍacakrādayo yathā ,
tathāhamapi tasmānme naiṣa heturmatastava.
33. sarpaḥ uvāca sarve ete hi asvavaśāḥ daṇḍacakra-ādayaḥ
yathā tathā aham api tasmāt me na eṣaḥ hetuḥ mataḥ tava
33. sarpaḥ uvāca yathā daṇḍacakra-ādayaḥ sarve ete hi
asvavaśāḥ tathā aham api tasmāt eṣaḥ tava hetuḥ me na mataḥ
33. The snake said: "Just as all these instruments, such as a stick and a wheel, are not independent agents, so too am I. Therefore, this argument of yours is not acceptable to me."
अथ वा मतमेतत्ते तेऽप्यन्योन्यप्रयोजकाः ।
कार्यकारणसंदेहो भवत्यन्योन्यचोदनात् ॥३४॥
34. atha vā matametatte te'pyanyonyaprayojakāḥ ,
kāryakāraṇasaṁdeho bhavatyanyonyacodanāt.
34. atha vā matam etat te te api anyonyaprayojakāḥ
kāryakāraṇasaṃdehaḥ bhavati anyonyacodhanāt
34. atha vā te api anyonyaprayojakāḥ etat te matam
kāryakāraṇasaṃdehaḥ anyonyacodhanāt bhavati
34. Or perhaps this is your view: that they too are mutual instigators. Indeed, uncertainty regarding cause and effect arises from their reciprocal interaction.
एवं सति न दोषो मे नास्मि वध्यो न किल्बिषी ।
किल्बिषं समवाये स्यान्मन्यसे यदि किल्बिषम् ॥३५॥
35. evaṁ sati na doṣo me nāsmi vadhyo na kilbiṣī ,
kilbiṣaṁ samavāye syānmanyase yadi kilbiṣam.
35. evam sati na doṣaḥ me na asmi vadhyo na kilbiṣī
kilbiṣam samavāye syāt manyase yadi kilbiṣam
35. evam sati me na doṣaḥ na asmi vadhyo na kilbiṣī yadi
tvam kilbiṣam manyase (tat) kilbiṣam samavāye syāt
35. If this is the situation, then there is no fault on my part; I am neither deserving of death nor am I guilty. Guilt (kilbiṣa) would only arise from direct involvement, if indeed you consider it guilt (kilbiṣa).
लुब्धक उवाच ।
कारणं यदि न स्याद्वै न कर्ता स्यास्त्वमप्युत ।
विनाशे कारणं त्वं च तस्माद्वध्योऽसि मे मतः ॥३६॥
36. lubdhaka uvāca ,
kāraṇaṁ yadi na syādvai na kartā syāstvamapyuta ,
vināśe kāraṇaṁ tvaṁ ca tasmādvadhyo'si me mataḥ.
36. lubdhakaḥ uvāca kāraṇam yadi na syāt vai na kartā syāḥ tvam
api uta vināśe kāraṇam tvam ca tasmāt vadhyaḥ asi me mataḥ
36. lubdhakaḥ uvāca yadi kāraṇam vai na syāt tvam api kartā na
syāḥ tvam ca vināśe kāraṇam tasmāt me mataḥ asi vadhyaḥ
36. The hunter said: "If there were truly no cause, then you too would not be an agent (kartā). But you are indeed the cause of this destruction; therefore, it is my considered opinion that you are to be killed."
असत्यपि कृते कार्ये नेह पन्नग लिप्यते ।
तस्मान्नात्रैव हेतुः स्याद्वध्यः किं बहु भाषसे ॥३७॥
37. asatyapi kṛte kārye neha pannaga lipyate ,
tasmānnātraiva hetuḥ syādvadhyaḥ kiṁ bahu bhāṣase.
37. asati api kṛte kārye na iha pannaga lipyate tasmāt
na atra eva hetuḥ syāt vadhyaḥ kim bahu bhāṣase
37. pannaga asati api kṛte kārye na iha lipyate tasmāt
na atra eva hetuḥ syāt vadhyaḥ kim bahu bhāṣase
37. O snake, even if the deed (of killing the child) was not directly performed, one is not untainted in this situation. Therefore, this (direct action) alone would not be the sole cause [of guilt]. You are to be killed. Why do you speak so much?
सर्प उवाच ।
कार्याभावे क्रिया न स्यात्सत्यसत्यपि कारणे ।
तस्मात्त्वमस्मिन्हेतौ मे वाच्यो हेतुर्विशेषतः ॥३८॥
38. sarpa uvāca ,
kāryābhāve kriyā na syātsatyasatyapi kāraṇe ,
tasmāttvamasminhetau me vācyo heturviśeṣataḥ.
38. sarpa uvāca kāryābhāve kriyā na syāt sati asati api
kāraṇe tasmāt tvam asmin hetau me vācyaḥ hetuḥ viśeṣataḥ
38. sarpa uvāca kāryābhāve sati asati api kāraṇe kriyā na
syāt tasmāt tvam asmin hetau me viśeṣataḥ hetuḥ vācyaḥ
38. The snake said: 'Where there is no effect, there can be no action, regardless of whether a cause is present or not. Therefore, you must specifically explain the reason for considering me the cause in this matter.'
यद्यहं कारणत्वेन मतो लुब्धक तत्त्वतः ।
अन्यः प्रयोगे स्यादत्र किल्बिषी जन्तुनाशने ॥३९॥
39. yadyahaṁ kāraṇatvena mato lubdhaka tattvataḥ ,
anyaḥ prayoge syādatra kilbiṣī jantunāśane.
39. yadi aham kāraṇatvena mataḥ lubdhaka tattvataḥ
anyaḥ prayoge syāt atra kilbiṣī jantunāśane
39. lubdhaka yadi aham tattvataḥ kāraṇatvena mataḥ
anyaḥ atra jantunāśane prayoge kilbiṣī syāt
39. O hunter, if I am truly considered the cause, then someone else would be guilty here in the act of killing a living being.
लुब्धक उवाच ।
वध्यस्त्वं मम दुर्बुद्धे बालघाती नृशंसकृत् ।
भाषसे किं बहु पुनर्वध्यः सन्पन्नगाधम ॥४०॥
40. lubdhaka uvāca ,
vadhyastvaṁ mama durbuddhe bālaghātī nṛśaṁsakṛt ,
bhāṣase kiṁ bahu punarvadhyaḥ sanpannagādhama.
40. lubdhaka uvāca vadhyaḥ tvam mama durbuddhe bālaghātī
nṛśaṃsakṛt bhāṣase kim bahu punaḥ vadhyaḥ san pannagādhama
40. lubdhaka uvāca durbuddhe bālaghātī nṛśaṃsakṛt pannagādhama
tvam mama vadhyaḥ punaḥ vadhyaḥ san kim bahu bhāṣase
40. The hunter said: 'You are to be killed by me, O evil-minded child-killer, you cruel one! Why do you speak so much again, being deserving of death, O lowest of snakes?'
सर्प उवाच ।
यथा हवींषि जुह्वाना मखे वै लुब्धकर्त्विजः ।
न फलं प्राप्नुवन्त्यत्र परलोके तथा ह्यहम् ॥४१॥
41. sarpa uvāca ,
yathā havīṁṣi juhvānā makhe vai lubdhakartvijaḥ ,
na phalaṁ prāpnuvantyatra paraloke tathā hyaham.
41. sarpa uvāca yathā havīṃṣi juhvānā makhe vai lubdhakartvijaḥ
na phalam prāpnuvanti atra paraloke tathā hi aham
41. sarpa uvāca yathā makhe lubdhakartvijaḥ havīṃṣi juhvānā
atra phalam na prāpnuvanti vai tathā hi aham paraloke
41. The serpent said: "Just as greedy priests, offering oblations in a Vedic ritual (yajña), do not attain any benefit in this world, so too will I not attain any in the other world."
भीष्म उवाच ।
तथा ब्रुवति तस्मिंस्तु पन्नगे मृत्युचोदिते ।
आजगाम ततो मृत्युः पन्नगं चाब्रवीदिदम् ॥४२॥
42. bhīṣma uvāca ,
tathā bruvati tasmiṁstu pannage mṛtyucodite ,
ājagāma tato mṛtyuḥ pannagaṁ cābravīdidam.
42. bhīṣma uvāca tathā bruvati tasmin tu pannage mṛtyucodite
ājagāma tataḥ mṛtyuḥ pannagam ca abravīt idam
42. bhīṣma uvāca mṛtyucodite tasmin pannage tathā bruvati
tu tataḥ mṛtyuḥ ājagāma ca pannagam idam abravīt
42. Bhishma said: "While that serpent, impelled by death, was speaking thus, Death then arrived and said this to the serpent."
कालेनाहं प्रणुदितः पन्नग त्वामचूचुदम् ।
विनाशहेतुर्नास्य त्वमहं वा प्राणिनः शिशोः ॥४३॥
43. kālenāhaṁ praṇuditaḥ pannaga tvāmacūcudam ,
vināśaheturnāsya tvamahaṁ vā prāṇinaḥ śiśoḥ.
43. kālena aham praṇuditaḥ pannaga tvām acūcudam
vināśahetuḥ na asya tvam aham vā prāṇinaḥ śiśoḥ
43. pannaga kālena praṇuditaḥ aham tvām acūcudam
tvam vā aham asya prāṇinaḥ śiśoḥ vināśahetuḥ na
43. O serpent, I was impelled by time to urge you. Neither you nor I are the cause of destruction for this infant creature.
यथा वायुर्जलधरान्विकर्षति ततस्ततः ।
तद्वज्जलदवत्सर्प कालस्याहं वशानुगः ॥४४॥
44. yathā vāyurjaladharānvikarṣati tatastataḥ ,
tadvajjaladavatsarpa kālasyāhaṁ vaśānugaḥ.
44. yathā vāyuḥ jaladharān vikarṣati tataḥ tataḥ
tadvat jaladavat sarpa kālasya aham vaśānugaḥ
44. yathā vāyuḥ tataḥ tataḥ jaladharān vikarṣati
tadvat jaladavat sarpa aham kālasya vaśānugaḥ
44. Just as the wind draws clouds from various directions, similarly, O serpent, I am subservient to time, just like a cloud is.
सात्त्विका राजसाश्चैव तामसा ये च केचन ।
भावाः कालात्मकाः सर्वे प्रवर्तन्ते हि जन्तुषु ॥४५॥
45. sāttvikā rājasāścaiva tāmasā ye ca kecana ,
bhāvāḥ kālātmakāḥ sarve pravartante hi jantuṣu.
45. sāttvikāḥ rājasāḥ ca eva tāmasāḥ ye ca kecana
bhāvāḥ kālātmakāḥ sarve pravartante hi jantuṣu
45. ye ca kecana sāttvikāḥ rājasāḥ ca eva tāmasāḥ
bhāvāḥ sarve kālātmakāḥ hi jantuṣu pravartante
45. Whatever states (bhāva) are characterized by the quality of goodness (sattva), passion (rajas), or ignorance (tamas) - all such states are indeed temporal (kālātmaka) and manifest in living beings.
जङ्गमाः स्थावराश्चैव दिवि वा यदि वा भुवि ।
सर्वे कालात्मकाः सर्प कालात्मकमिदं जगत् ॥४६॥
46. jaṅgamāḥ sthāvarāścaiva divi vā yadi vā bhuvi ,
sarve kālātmakāḥ sarpa kālātmakamidaṁ jagat.
46. jaṅgamāḥ sthāvarāḥ ca eva divi vā yadi vā bhuvi
sarve kālātmakāḥ sarpa kālātmakam idam jagat
46. jaṅgamāḥ sthāvarāḥ ca eva divi vā yadi vā bhuvi
sarve kālātmakāḥ sarpa idam jagat kālātmakam
46. All moving and stationary beings, whether in the heavens or on earth - all of them are temporal (kālātmaka), O serpent. This entire world (jagat) is indeed temporal.
प्रवृत्तयश्च या लोके तथैव च निवृत्तयः ।
तासां विकृतयो याश्च सर्वं कालात्मकं स्मृतम् ॥४७॥
47. pravṛttayaśca yā loke tathaiva ca nivṛttayaḥ ,
tāsāṁ vikṛtayo yāśca sarvaṁ kālātmakaṁ smṛtam.
47. pravṛttayaḥ ca yāḥ loke tathā eva ca nivṛttayaḥ
tāsām vikṛtayaḥ yāḥ ca sarvam kālātmakam smṛtam
47. yāḥ ca loke pravṛttayaḥ tathā eva ca nivṛttayaḥ
yāḥ ca tāsām vikṛtayaḥ sarvam kālātmakam smṛtam
47. Whatever activities (pravṛtti) and cessations (nivṛtti) exist in the world, and similarly, whatever transformations (vikṛti) pertaining to them occur - all of this is declared to be temporal (kālātmaka).
आदित्यश्चन्द्रमा विष्णुरापो वायुः शतक्रतुः ।
अग्निः खं पृथिवी मित्र ओषध्यो वसवस्तथा ॥४८॥
48. ādityaścandramā viṣṇurāpo vāyuḥ śatakratuḥ ,
agniḥ khaṁ pṛthivī mitra oṣadhyo vasavastathā.
48. ādityaḥ candramā viṣṇuḥ āpaḥ vāyuḥ śatakratuḥ
agniḥ kham pṛthivī mitra oṣadhyaḥ vasavaḥ tathā
48. ādityaḥ candramā viṣṇuḥ āpaḥ vāyuḥ śatakratuḥ
agniḥ kham pṛthivī mitra oṣadhyaḥ vasavaḥ tathā
48. The Sun (āditya), the Moon (candramā), Viṣṇu, Water (āpaḥ), Wind (vāyu), Indra (śatakratu), Fire (agni), Space (kham), Earth (pṛthivī), Mitra, the medicinal plants (oṣadhyaḥ), and the Vasus - all are likewise [temporal, as per the preceding verses].
सरितः सागराश्चैव भावाभावौ च पन्नग ।
सर्वे कालेन सृज्यन्ते ह्रियन्ते च तथा पुनः ॥४९॥
49. saritaḥ sāgarāścaiva bhāvābhāvau ca pannaga ,
sarve kālena sṛjyante hriyante ca tathā punaḥ.
49. saritaḥ sāgarāḥ ca eva bhāva abhāvau ca pannaga
sarve kālena sṛjyante hriyante ca tathā punaḥ
49. pannaga saritaḥ sāgarāḥ ca eva bhāva abhāvau ca
sarve kālena sṛjyante tathā punaḥ ca hriyante
49. O serpent, all rivers and oceans, as well as both existence and non-existence, are created by time and are similarly destroyed again.
एवं ज्ञात्वा कथं मां त्वं सदोषं सर्प मन्यसे ।
अथ चैवंगते दोषो मयि त्वमपि दोषवान् ॥५०॥
50. evaṁ jñātvā kathaṁ māṁ tvaṁ sadoṣaṁ sarpa manyase ,
atha caivaṁgate doṣo mayi tvamapi doṣavān.
50. evam jñātvā katham mām tvam sadoṣam sarpa manyase
atha ca evam gate doṣaḥ mayi tvam api doṣavān
50. sarpa evam jñātvā tvam mām sadoṣam katham manyase
atha ca evam gate mayi doṣaḥ tvam api doṣavān
50. O serpent, knowing this, how do you consider me faulty? And if there is fault in me in such a situation, then you yourself are also at fault.
सर्प उवाच ।
निर्दोषं दोषवन्तं वा न त्वा मृत्यो ब्रवीम्यहम् ।
त्वयाहं चोदित इति ब्रवीम्येतावदेव तु ॥५१॥
51. sarpa uvāca ,
nirdoṣaṁ doṣavantaṁ vā na tvā mṛtyo bravīmyaham ,
tvayāhaṁ codita iti bravīmyetāvadeva tu.
51. sarpa uvāca nirdoṣam doṣavantam vā na tvā mṛtyo bravīmi
aham tvayā aham coditaḥ iti bravīmi etāvat eva tu
51. sarpa uvāca mṛtyo aham tvā nirdoṣam vā doṣavantam na
bravīmi tu aham tvayā coditaḥ iti etāvat eva bravīmi
51. The serpent said: 'O Death, I do not call you faultless or faulty. I only state this much: that I am impelled by you.'
यदि काले तु दोषोऽस्ति यदि तत्रापि नेष्यते ।
दोषो नैव परीक्ष्यो मे न ह्यत्राधिकृता वयम् ॥५२॥
52. yadi kāle tu doṣo'sti yadi tatrāpi neṣyate ,
doṣo naiva parīkṣyo me na hyatrādhikṛtā vayam.
52. yadi kāle tu doṣaḥ asti yadi tatra api na iṣyate
doṣaḥ na eva parīkṣyaḥ me na hi atra adhikṛtāḥ vayam
52. yadi kāle tu doṣaḥ asti yadi tatra api na iṣyate me
doṣaḥ na eva parīkṣyaḥ hi vayam atra na adhikṛtāḥ
52. If there is indeed a fault in time, yet even there (regarding time itself) it is not accepted as a fault, then no fault should be examined by me, for we are certainly not authorized in this matter.
निर्मोक्षस्त्वस्य दोषस्य मया कार्यो यथा तथा ।
मृत्यो विदोषः स्यामेव यथा तन्मे प्रयोजनम् ॥५३॥
53. nirmokṣastvasya doṣasya mayā kāryo yathā tathā ,
mṛtyo vidoṣaḥ syāmeva yathā tanme prayojanam.
53. nirmokṣaḥ tu asya doṣasya mayā kāryaḥ yathā tathā
| mṛtyo vidoṣaḥ syām eva yathā tat me prayojanam
53. mayā asya doṣasya nirmokṣaḥ yathā tathā kāryaḥ mṛtyo
yathā (aham) vidoṣaḥ syām eva tat me prayojanam
53. I must somehow achieve freedom from this defect. O Death, that I may truly become faultless is my objective.
भीष्म उवाच ।
सर्पोऽथार्जुनकं प्राह श्रुतं ते मृत्युभाषितम् ।
नानागसं मां पाशेन संतापयितुमर्हसि ॥५४॥
54. bhīṣma uvāca ,
sarpo'thārjunakaṁ prāha śrutaṁ te mṛtyubhāṣitam ,
nānāgasaṁ māṁ pāśena saṁtāpayitumarhasi.
54. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca | sarpaḥ atha arjunakam prāha śrutam te
mṛtyubhāṣitam | na anāgasam mām pāśena saṃtāpayitum arhasi
54. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca atha sarpaḥ arjunakam prāha (He said to Arjunaka) te mṛtyubhāṣitam śrutam (is it heard by you,
Death's words?) (tvam) anāgasam mām pāśena saṃtāpayitum na arhasi
54. Bhishma spoke: Then the snake said to Arjunaka, 'Have you heard the words of Death? You ought not to torment me, an innocent one, with a noose.'
लुब्धक उवाच ।
मृत्योः श्रुतं मे वचनं तव चैव भुजंगम ।
नैव तावद्विदोषत्वं भवति त्वयि पन्नग ॥५५॥
55. lubdhaka uvāca ,
mṛtyoḥ śrutaṁ me vacanaṁ tava caiva bhujaṁgama ,
naiva tāvadvidoṣatvaṁ bhavati tvayi pannaga.
55. lubdhakaḥ uvāca | mṛtyoḥ śrutam me vacanam tava ca eva
bhujaṅgama | na eva tāvat vidoṣatvam bhavati tvayi pannaga
55. lubdhakaḥ uvāca (mayā) mṛtyoḥ vacanam ca tava (vacanam)
eva me śrutam pannaga tvayi tāvat vidoṣatvam na eva bhavati
55. The hunter spoke: 'I have heard the words of Death and your words too, O snake. Yet, at this moment, faultlessness does not reside in you, O serpent.'
मृत्युस्त्वं चैव हेतुर्हि जन्तोरस्य विनाशने ।
उभयं कारणं मन्ये न कारणमकारणम् ॥५६॥
56. mṛtyustvaṁ caiva heturhi jantorasya vināśane ,
ubhayaṁ kāraṇaṁ manye na kāraṇamakāraṇam.
56. mṛtyuḥ tvam ca eva hetuḥ hi jantoḥ asya vināśane
| ubhayam kāraṇam manye na kāraṇam akāraṇam
56. mṛtyuḥ tvam ca eva hi asya jantoḥ vināśane hetuḥ
(aham) ubhayam kāraṇam manye na akāraṇam (kāraṇam)
56. Death and you are indeed the cause of this creature's destruction. I consider both of you to be the cause, and not something without cause (akāraṇam).
धिङ्मृत्युं च दुरात्मानं क्रूरं दुःखकरं सताम् ।
त्वां चैवाहं वधिष्यामि पापं पापस्य कारणम् ॥५७॥
57. dhiṅmṛtyuṁ ca durātmānaṁ krūraṁ duḥkhakaraṁ satām ,
tvāṁ caivāhaṁ vadhiṣyāmi pāpaṁ pāpasya kāraṇam.
57. dhiṅ mṛtyum ca durātmānam krūram duḥkhakaram satām
| tvām ca eva aham vadhiṣyāmi pāpam pāpasya kāraṇam
57. dhiṅ mṛtyum durātmānam krūram duḥkhakaram satām ca
aham tvām ca eva pāpam pāpasya kāraṇam vadhiṣyāmi
57. Fie upon you, Death, who are evil-minded, cruel, and a bringer of sorrow to the good! I will indeed kill you, who are sinful and the very cause of sin.
मृत्युरुवाच ।
विवशौ कालवशगावावां तद्दिष्टकारिणौ ।
नावां दोषेण गन्तव्यौ यदि सम्यक्प्रपश्यसि ॥५८॥
58. mṛtyuruvāca ,
vivaśau kālavaśagāvāvāṁ taddiṣṭakāriṇau ,
nāvāṁ doṣeṇa gantavyau yadi samyakprapaśyasi.
58. mṛtyuḥ uvāca | vivaśau kālavaśagau āvām tat diṣṭakāriṇau
| na āvām doṣeṇa gantavyau yadi samyak prapaśyasi
58. mṛtyuḥ uvāca āvām vivaśau kālavaśagau tat diṣṭakāriṇau yadi samyak prapaśyasi,
(tarhi) āvām doṣeṇa na gantavyau
58. Death said: 'We two are helpless and completely subject to time, merely carrying out what is ordained. We should not be found at fault if you truly understand.'
लुब्धक उवाच ।
युवामुभौ कालवशौ यदि वै मृत्युपन्नगौ ।
हर्षक्रोधौ कथं स्यातामेतदिच्छामि वेदितुम् ॥५९॥
59. lubdhaka uvāca ,
yuvāmubhau kālavaśau yadi vai mṛtyupannagau ,
harṣakrodhau kathaṁ syātāmetadicchāmi veditum.
59. lubdhakaḥ uvāca | yuvām ubhau kālavaśau yadi vai mṛtyupannagau
| harṣakrodhau katham syātām etat icchāmi veditum
59. lubdhakaḥ uvāca yadi he mṛtyupannagau,
yuvām ubhau kālavaśau vai,
tarhi harṣakrodhau katham syātām? etat veditum icchāmi
59. The hunter said: 'If both of you, Death and the snake, are indeed subject to the control of time, then how can joy and anger arise? I wish to understand this.'
मृत्युरुवाच ।
याः काश्चिदिह चेष्टाः स्युः सर्वाः कालप्रचोदिताः ।
पूर्वमेवैतदुक्तं हि मया लुब्धक कालतः ॥६०॥
60. mṛtyuruvāca ,
yāḥ kāścidiha ceṣṭāḥ syuḥ sarvāḥ kālapracoditāḥ ,
pūrvamevaitaduktaṁ hi mayā lubdhaka kālataḥ.
60. mṛtyuḥ uvāca | yāḥ kāścid iha ceṣṭāḥ syuḥ sarvāḥ kālapracoditāḥ
| pūrvam eva etat uktam hi mayā lubdhaka kālataḥ
60. mṛtyuḥ uvāca lubdhaka,
iha yāḥ kāścid ceṣṭāḥ syuḥ,
tāḥ sarvāḥ kālapracoditāḥ etat hi mayā pūrvam eva kālataḥ uktam
60. Death said: 'Whatever activities exist here, all are driven by time. Indeed, I have already told you this, O hunter, concerning time.'
तस्मादुभौ कालवशावावां तद्दिष्टकारिणौ ।
नावां दोषेण गन्तव्यौ त्वया लुब्धक कर्हिचित् ॥६१॥
61. tasmādubhau kālavaśāvāvāṁ taddiṣṭakāriṇau ,
nāvāṁ doṣeṇa gantavyau tvayā lubdhaka karhicit.
61. tasmāt ubhau kālavaśau āvām tat diṣṭakāriṇau na
āvām doṣeṇa gantavyau tvayā lubdhaka karhicit
61. lubdhaka tvayā tasmāt āvām ubhau kālavaśau tat
diṣṭakāriṇau āvām doṣeṇa karhicit na gantavyau
61. Therefore, we two are both under the sway of time (kāla) and are merely executing its decrees. O hunter, you should never hold us culpable.
भीष्म उवाच ।
अथोपगम्य कालस्तु तस्मिन्धर्मार्थसंशये ।
अब्रवीत्पन्नगं मृत्युं लुब्धमर्जुनकं च तम् ॥६२॥
62. bhīṣma uvāca ,
athopagamya kālastu tasmindharmārthasaṁśaye ,
abravītpannagaṁ mṛtyuṁ lubdhamarjunakaṁ ca tam.
62. bhīṣma uvāca atha upagamya kālaḥ tu tasmin dharmārthasaṃśaye
abravīt pannagam mṛtyum lubdham arjunakam ca tam
62. bhīṣma uvāca atha tu kālaḥ tasmin dharmārthasaṃśaye
upagamya pannagam mṛtyum lubdham arjunakam ca tam abravīt
62. Bhishma said: Then, Time (kāla), having approached them amidst that dilemma concerning righteousness (dharma) and purpose, spoke to the serpent, to Death, to the hunter, and to Arjunaka (the deer).
काल उवाच ।
नैवाहं नाप्ययं मृत्युर्नायं लुब्धक पन्नगः ।
किल्बिषी जन्तुमरणे न वयं हि प्रयोजकाः ॥६३॥
63. kāla uvāca ,
naivāhaṁ nāpyayaṁ mṛtyurnāyaṁ lubdhaka pannagaḥ ,
kilbiṣī jantumaraṇe na vayaṁ hi prayojakāḥ.
63. kālaḥ uvāca na eva aham na api ayam mṛtyuḥ na ayam lubdhakaḥ
pannagaḥ kilbiṣī jantumaraṇe na vayam hi prayojakāḥ
63. kālaḥ uvāca jantumaraṇe na eva
aham kilbiṣī na api ayam mṛtyuḥ
na ayam lubdhakaḥ na pannagaḥ
kilbiṣī hi vayam prayojakāḥ na
63. Time (kāla) said: 'Neither am I, nor is this Death, nor this hunter, nor the serpent culpable in the killing of living beings. Indeed, we are not the true instigators.'
अकरोद्यदयं कर्म तन्नोऽर्जुनक चोदकम् ।
प्रणाशहेतुर्नान्योऽस्य वध्यतेऽयं स्वकर्मणा ॥६४॥
64. akarodyadayaṁ karma tanno'rjunaka codakam ,
praṇāśaheturnānyo'sya vadhyate'yaṁ svakarmaṇā.
64. akarot yat ayam karma tat naḥ arjunaka codakam
praṇāśahetuḥ na anyaḥ asya vadhyate ayam svakarmaṇā
64. arjunaka yat ayam karma akarot tat naḥ codakam asya
praṇāśahetuḥ anyaḥ na ayam svakarmaṇā vadhyate
64. What this Arjunaka (the deer) did as his action (karma), that itself is our instigator, O Arjunaka. There is no other cause for his destruction; this one is killed by his own action (karma).
यदनेन कृतं कर्म तेनायं निधनं गतः ।
विनाशहेतुः कर्मास्य सर्वे कर्मवशा वयम् ॥६५॥
65. yadanena kṛtaṁ karma tenāyaṁ nidhanaṁ gataḥ ,
vināśahetuḥ karmāsya sarve karmavaśā vayam.
65. yad anena kṛtam karma tena ayam nidhanam gataḥ
vināśahetuḥ karma asya sarve karmavaśāḥ vayam
65. yad anena karma kṛtam,
tena ayam nidhanam gataḥ.
asya karma vināśahetuḥ.
sarve vayam karmavaśāḥ.
65. Because of the action (karma) performed by him, he met his end. Indeed, his actions (karma) are the cause of his destruction, for all of us are subservient to our actions (karma).
कर्मदायादवाँल्लोकः कर्मसंबन्धलक्षणः ।
कर्माणि चोदयन्तीह यथान्योन्यं तथा वयम् ॥६६॥
66. karmadāyādavāँllokaḥ karmasaṁbandhalakṣaṇaḥ ,
karmāṇi codayantīha yathānyonyaṁ tathā vayam.
66. karma-dāyādavān lokaḥ karma-sambandha-lakṣaṇaḥ
karmāṇi codayanti iha yathā anyonyam tathā vayam
66. lokaḥ karma-dāyādavān karma-sambandha-lakṣaṇaḥ.
iha karmāṇi codayanti,
yathā vayam anyonyam tathā.
66. Living beings are heirs to their actions (karma) and are characterized by their connection to those actions (karma). Here in this world, actions (karma) propel (beings), just as we humans influence each other.
यथा मृत्पिण्डतः कर्ता कुरुते यद्यदिच्छति ।
एवमात्मकृतं कर्म मानवः प्रतिपद्यते ॥६७॥
67. yathā mṛtpiṇḍataḥ kartā kurute yadyadicchati ,
evamātmakṛtaṁ karma mānavaḥ pratipadyate.
67. yathā mṛtpiṇḍataḥ kartā kurute yat yat icchati
evam ātma-kṛtam karma mānavaḥ pratipadyate
67. yathā kartā mṛtpiṇḍataḥ yat yat icchati (tat tat) kurute,
evam mānavaḥ ātma-kṛtam karma pratipadyate.
67. Just as a potter shapes whatever he desires from a lump of clay, so too does a human being experience the consequences of actions (karma) performed by himself.
यथा छायातपौ नित्यं सुसंबद्धौ निरन्तरम् ।
तथा कर्म च कर्ता च संबद्धावात्मकर्मभिः ॥६८॥
68. yathā chāyātapau nityaṁ susaṁbaddhau nirantaram ,
tathā karma ca kartā ca saṁbaddhāvātmakarmabhiḥ.
68. yathā chāyā-ātapau nityam su-sambaddhau nirantaram
tathā karma ca kartā ca sambandhau ātma-karmabhiḥ
68. yathā chāyā-ātapau nityam nirantaram su-sambaddhau,
tathā karma ca kartā ca ātma-karmabhiḥ sambandhau (bhavataḥ).
68. Just as shade and sunshine are always closely and continuously connected, so too are action (karma) and the doer linked together by their individual actions (karma).
एवं नाहं न वै मृत्युर्न सर्पो न तथा भवान् ।
न चेयं ब्राह्मणी वृद्धा शिशुरेवात्र कारणम् ॥६९॥
69. evaṁ nāhaṁ na vai mṛtyurna sarpo na tathā bhavān ,
na ceyaṁ brāhmaṇī vṛddhā śiśurevātra kāraṇam.
69. evam na aham na vai mṛtyuḥ na sarpaḥ na tathā bhavān
na ca iyam brāhmaṇī vṛddhā śiśuḥ eva atra kāraṇam
69. evam aham na,
vai mṛtyuḥ na,
sarpaḥ na,
tathā bhavān na,
ca iyam vṛddhā brāhmaṇī na.
atra śiśuḥ eva kāraṇam.
69. Thus, neither I, nor indeed death (mṛtyu), nor the serpent, nor similarly you, nor this old brahmin woman, are the cause here. The child alone is the true reason.
तस्मिंस्तथा ब्रुवाणे तु ब्राह्मणी गौतमी नृप ।
स्वकर्मप्रत्ययाँल्लोकान्मत्वार्जुनकमब्रवीत् ॥७०॥
70. tasmiṁstathā bruvāṇe tu brāhmaṇī gautamī nṛpa ,
svakarmapratyayāँllokānmatvārjunakamabravīt.
70. tasmin tathā bruvāṇe tu brāhmaṇī gautamī nṛpa
svakarmapratyayān lokān matvā arjunakam abravīt
70. nṛpa,
tasmin tathā bruvāṇe tu,
brāhmaṇī gautamī,
svakarmapratyayān lokān matvā,
arjunakam abravīt.
70. While he was speaking thus, O King, the brahmin woman Gautamī, having reflected upon the realms (lokān) that are determined by one's own actions (svakarma), then spoke to Arjūnaka.
नैव कालो न भुजगो न मृत्युरिह कारणम् ।
स्वकर्मभिरयं बालः कालेन निधनं गतः ॥७१॥
71. naiva kālo na bhujago na mṛtyuriha kāraṇam ,
svakarmabhirayaṁ bālaḥ kālena nidhanaṁ gataḥ.
71. na eva kālaḥ na bhujagaḥ na mṛtyuḥ iha kāraṇam
svakarmabhiḥ ayam bālaḥ kālena nidhanam gataḥ
71. iha kālaḥ na,
eva bhujagaḥ na,
mṛtyuḥ na kāraṇam.
ayam bālaḥ svakarmabhiḥ kālena nidhanam gataḥ.
71. Neither time (kāla), nor the serpent, nor death (mṛtyu) is the cause here. This child met his end through his own actions (svakarma) and by time (kāla).
मया च तत्कृतं कर्म येनायं मे मृतः सुतः ।
यातु कालस्तथा मृत्युर्मुञ्चार्जुनक पन्नगम् ॥७२॥
72. mayā ca tatkṛtaṁ karma yenāyaṁ me mṛtaḥ sutaḥ ,
yātu kālastathā mṛtyurmuñcārjunaka pannagam.
72. mayā ca tat kṛtam karma yena ayam me mṛtaḥ sutaḥ
yātu kālaḥ tathā mṛtyuḥ muñca arjunaka pannagam
72. ca tat karma mayā kṛtam yena ayam me mṛtaḥ sutaḥ.
kālaḥ tathā mṛtyuḥ yātu; arjunaka,
pannagam muñca.
72. And that deed (karma) was performed by me, by which this son of mine died. Let time (kāla) and death (mṛtyu) go their way; O Arjūnaka, release the serpent (pannaga).
भीष्म उवाच ।
ततो यथागतं जग्मुर्मृत्युः कालोऽथ पन्नगः ।
अभूद्विरोषोऽर्जुनको विशोका चैव गौतमी ॥७३॥
73. bhīṣma uvāca ,
tato yathāgataṁ jagmurmṛtyuḥ kālo'tha pannagaḥ ,
abhūdviroṣo'rjunako viśokā caiva gautamī.
73. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca tataḥ yathāgatam jagmuḥ mṛtyuḥ kālaḥ atha
pannagaḥ abhūt viroṣaḥ arjunakaḥ viśokā ca eva gautamī
73. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca tataḥ mṛtyuḥ kālaḥ atha pannagaḥ yathāgatam
jagmuḥ arjunakaḥ viroṣaḥ abhūt ca eva gautamī viśokā (abhūt)
73. Bhīṣma said: Then Death, Time, and the serpent departed as they had come. Arjunaka became free from anger, and Gautami became free from sorrow.
एतच्छ्रुत्वा शमं गच्छ मा भूश्चिन्तापरो नृप ।
स्वकर्मप्रत्ययाँल्लोकांस्त्रीन्विद्धि मनुजर्षभ ॥७४॥
74. etacchrutvā śamaṁ gaccha mā bhūścintāparo nṛpa ,
svakarmapratyayāँllokāṁstrīnviddhi manujarṣabha.
74. etat śrutvā śamam gaccha mā bhūḥ cintāparaḥ nṛpa
svakarmapratyayān lokān trīn viddhi manujarṣabha
74. nṛpa manujarṣabha,
etat śrutvā śamam gaccha,
cintāparaḥ mā bhūḥ.
trīn lokān svakarmapratyayān viddhi
74. Having heard this, attain tranquility; do not be distressed, O king. Know, O best of men, that the three worlds depend on one's own actions (karma).
न तु त्वया कृतं पार्थ नापि दुर्योधनेन वै ।
कालेन तत्कृतं विद्धि विहता येन पार्थिवाः ॥७५॥
75. na tu tvayā kṛtaṁ pārtha nāpi duryodhanena vai ,
kālena tatkṛtaṁ viddhi vihatā yena pārthivāḥ.
75. na tu tvayā kṛtam pārtha na api duryodhanena vai
kālena tat kṛtam viddhi vihatā yena pārthivāḥ
75. pārtha,
tat tvayā kṛtam na tu,
na api duryodhanena vai.
yena pārthivāḥ vihatāḥ,
tat kālena kṛtam viddhi
75. But it was not done by you, O Partha, nor indeed by Duryodhana. Know that it was done by Time (Kāla), by whom these kings were struck down.
वैशंपायन उवाच ।
इत्येतद्वचनं श्रुत्वा बभूव विगतज्वरः ।
युधिष्ठिरो महातेजाः पप्रच्छेदं च धर्मवित् ॥७६॥
76. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
ityetadvacanaṁ śrutvā babhūva vigatajvaraḥ ,
yudhiṣṭhiro mahātejāḥ papracchedaṁ ca dharmavit.
76. vaiśaṃpāyanaḥ uvāca iti etat vacanam śrutvā babhūva
vigatajvaraḥ yudhiṣṭhiraḥ mahātejāḥ papraccha idam ca dharmavit
76. vaiśaṃpāyanaḥ uvāca.
iti etat vacanam śrutvā mahātejāḥ dharmavit yudhiṣṭhiraḥ vigatajvaraḥ babhūva ca idam papraccha
76. Vaiśampāyana said: Having heard this statement, the greatly powerful Yudhishthira became free from distress and, being knowledgeable in natural law (dharma), asked this.