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महाभारतः       mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-84

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ययातिरुवाच ।
अहं ययातिर्नहुषस्य पुत्रः पूरोः पिता सर्वभूतावमानात् ।
प्रभ्रंशितः सुरसिद्धर्षिलोकात्परिच्युतः प्रपताम्यल्पपुण्यः ॥१॥
1. yayātiruvāca ,
ahaṁ yayātirnahuṣasya putraḥ; pūroḥ pitā sarvabhūtāvamānāt ,
prabhraṁśitaḥ surasiddharṣilokā;tparicyutaḥ prapatāmyalpapuṇyaḥ.
1. yayātiḥ uvāca | aham yayātiḥ nahuṣasya
putraḥ pūroḥ pitā sarvabhūtāvamanāt
| prabhraṃśitaḥ surasiddharṣilokāt
paricyutaḥ prapatāmi alpapuṇyaḥ
1. Yayati said: "I am Yayati, the son of Nahusha and father of Puru. Having disrespected all beings, I have been cast down from the realms of gods, Siddhas, and Rishis. Bereft of merit, I am now falling."
अहं हि पूर्वो वयसा भवद्भ्यस्तेनाभिवादं भवतां न प्रयुञ्जे ।
यो विद्यया तपसा जन्मना वा वृद्धः स पूज्यो भवति द्विजानाम् ॥२॥
2. ahaṁ hi pūrvo vayasā bhavadbhya;stenābhivādaṁ bhavatāṁ na prayuñje ,
yo vidyayā tapasā janmanā vā; vṛddhaḥ sa pūjyo bhavati dvijānām.
2. aham hi pūrvaḥ vayasā bhavadbhyaḥ
tena abhivādam bhavatām na prayuñje
| yaḥ vidyayā tapasā janmanā vā
vṛddhaḥ saḥ pūjyaḥ bhavati dvijānām
2. “Indeed, I am older than you in age; therefore, I do not offer salutations to you. Among the dvijas, he who is revered is one who is old either by knowledge, by tapas (asceticism), or by noble birth.”
अष्टक उवाच ।
अवादीश्चेद्वयसा यः स वृद्ध इति राजन्नाभ्यवदः कथंचित् ।
यो वै विद्वान्वयसा सन्स्म वृद्धः स एव पूज्यो भवति द्विजानाम् ॥३॥
3. aṣṭaka uvāca ,
avādīścedvayasā yaḥ sa vṛddha; iti rājannābhyavadaḥ kathaṁcit ,
yo vai vidvānvayasā sansma vṛddhaḥ; sa eva pūjyo bhavati dvijānām.
3. aṣṭakaḥ uvāca | avādīḥ ced vayasā yaḥ
saḥ vṛddhaḥ iti rājan na abhyavadaḥ
kathaṃcit | yaḥ vai vidvān vayasā san sma
vṛddhaḥ saḥ eva pūjyaḥ bhavati dvijānām
3. Ashtaka said: "O King, if you meant that one who is merely old by age is venerable, you did not speak correctly at all. Indeed, among the dvijas, he who is truly learned and also old in age is alone worthy of veneration."
ययातिरुवाच ।
प्रतिकूलं कर्मणां पापमाहुस्तद्वर्ततेऽप्रवणे पापलोक्यम् ।
सन्तोऽसतां नानुवर्तन्ति चैतद्यथा आत्मैषामनुकूलवादी ॥४॥
4. yayātiruvāca ,
pratikūlaṁ karmaṇāṁ pāpamāhu;stadvartate'pravaṇe pāpalokyam ,
santo'satāṁ nānuvartanti caita;dyathā ātmaiṣāmanukūlavādī.
4. yayātiḥ uvāca | pratikūlam karmaṇām
pāpam āhuḥ tad vartate apravaṇe
pāpalokyam | santaḥ asatām na anuvartanti
ca etat yathā ātma eṣām anukūlavādī
4. Yayati said: "They declare that which is contrary to dharma (righteous actions) to be sin. This leads to a sinful realm, a downward path. The virtuous do not follow such a path of the wicked, for their own self (conscience) speaks favorably to them."
अभूद्धनं मे विपुलं महद्वै विचेष्टमानो नाधिगन्ता तदस्मि ।
एवं प्रधार्यात्महिते निविष्टो यो वर्तते स विजानाति जीवन् ॥५॥
5. abhūddhanaṁ me vipulaṁ mahadvai; viceṣṭamāno nādhigantā tadasmi ,
evaṁ pradhāryātmahite niviṣṭo; yo vartate sa vijānāti jīvan.
5. abhūt dhanam me vipulam mahat vai
viceṣṭamānaḥ na adhigantā tat asmi
| evam pradhārya ātmahite niviṣṭaḥ
yaḥ vartate saḥ vijānāti jīvan
5. "Indeed, my wealth was vast and great, but striving (in this state), I will not attain that. Therefore, whoever, having reflected thus, engages in his own welfare, he truly comprehends, living."
नानाभावा बहवो जीवलोके दैवाधीना नष्टचेष्टाधिकाराः ।
तत्तत्प्राप्य न विहन्येत धीरो दिष्टं बलीय इति मत्वात्मबुद्ध्या ॥६॥
6. nānābhāvā bahavo jīvaloke; daivādhīnā naṣṭaceṣṭādhikārāḥ ,
tattatprāpya na vihanyeta dhīro; diṣṭaṁ balīya iti matvātmabuddhyā.
6. nānābhāvāḥ bahavaḥ jīvaloke
daivādhīnāḥ naṣṭaceṣṭādhikārāḥ
tattatprāpya na vihanyeta dhīraḥ
diṣṭaṃ balīyaḥ iti matvā ātmbuddhyā
6. In this world of living beings, many diverse conditions arise, all dependent on destiny, nullifying individual efforts and authority. A steadfast person, understanding with their own intellect that fate is powerful, should not be disturbed by attaining those various states.
सुखं हि जन्तुर्यदि वापि दुःखं दैवाधीनं विन्दति नात्मशक्त्या ।
तस्माद्दिष्टं बलवन्मन्यमानो न संज्वरेन्नापि हृष्येत्कदाचित् ॥७॥
7. sukhaṁ hi janturyadi vāpi duḥkhaṁ; daivādhīnaṁ vindati nātmaśaktyā ,
tasmāddiṣṭaṁ balavanmanyamāno; na saṁjvarennāpi hṛṣyetkadācit.
7. sukhaṃ hi jantuḥ yadi vā api duḥkhaṃ
daivādhīnaṃ vindati na ātmaśaktyā
tasmāt diṣṭaṃ balavat manyamānaḥ
na saṃjvaret na api hṛṣyet kadācit
7. Indeed, a living being experiences happiness or sorrow solely by destiny, not by its own power. Therefore, considering destiny to be powerful, one should never lament nor rejoice.
दुःखे न तप्येन्न सुखेन हृष्येत्समेन वर्तेत सदैव धीरः ।
दिष्टं बलीय इति मन्यमानो न संज्वरेन्नापि हृष्येत्कदाचित् ॥८॥
8. duḥkhe na tapyenna sukhena hṛṣye;tsamena varteta sadaiva dhīraḥ ,
diṣṭaṁ balīya iti manyamāno; na saṁjvarennāpi hṛṣyetkadācit.
8. duḥkhe na tapyet na sukhena hṛṣyet
samena varteta sadā eva dhīraḥ
diṣṭaṃ balīyaḥ iti manyamānaḥ
na saṃjvaret na api hṛṣyet kadācit
8. A steadfast person should neither grieve in sorrow nor rejoice in happiness, but should always maintain equanimity. Considering destiny to be powerful, one should never lament nor rejoice.
भये न मुह्याम्यष्टकाहं कदाचित्संतापो मे मानसो नास्ति कश्चित् ।
धाता यथा मां विदधाति लोके ध्रुवं तथाहं भवितेति मत्वा ॥९॥
9. bhaye na muhyāmyaṣṭakāhaṁ kadāci;tsaṁtāpo me mānaso nāsti kaścit ,
dhātā yathā māṁ vidadhāti loke; dhruvaṁ tathāhaṁ bhaviteti matvā.
9. bhaye na muhyāmi aṣṭakā aham kadācit
santāpaḥ me mānasaḥ na asti kaścit
dhātā yathā māṃ vidadhāti loke
dhruvaṃ tathā aham bhavitā iti matvā
9. I am never bewildered by fear, nor do I, (even as) the eightfold (body/nature), ever experience any mental distress. For I realize that I will certainly be exactly as the Creator ordains me to be in this world.
संस्वेदजा अण्डजा उद्भिदाश्च सरीसृपाः कृमयोऽथाप्सु मत्स्याः ।
तथाश्मानस्तृणकाष्ठं च सर्वं दिष्टक्षये स्वां प्रकृतिं भजन्ते ॥१०॥
10. saṁsvedajā aṇḍajā udbhidāśca; sarīsṛpāḥ kṛmayo'thāpsu matsyāḥ ,
tathāśmānastṛṇakāṣṭhaṁ ca sarvaṁ; diṣṭakṣaye svāṁ prakṛtiṁ bhajante.
10. saṃsvedajāḥ aṇḍajāḥ udbhidāḥ ca
sarīsṛpāḥ kṛmayaḥ atha apsu matsyāḥ
tathā aśmānaḥ tṛṇakāṣṭhaṃ ca sarvaṃ
diṣṭakṣaye svāṃ prakṛtiṃ bhajante
10. Creatures born from moisture, those born from eggs, and those born from sprouts (plants), as well as reptiles, worms, and fish in water; similarly, stones, and all grass and wood—all these, at the expiration of their destiny, return to their original nature.
अनित्यतां सुखदुःखस्य बुद्ध्वा कस्मात्संतापमष्टकाहं भजेयम् ।
किं कुर्यां वै किं च कृत्वा न तप्ये तस्मात्संतापं वर्जयाम्यप्रमत्तः ॥११॥
11. anityatāṁ sukhaduḥkhasya buddhvā; kasmātsaṁtāpamaṣṭakāhaṁ bhajeyam ,
kiṁ kuryāṁ vai kiṁ ca kṛtvā na tapye; tasmātsaṁtāpaṁ varjayāmyapramattaḥ.
11. anityatām sukhaduḥkhasya buddhvā
kasmāt santāpam aṣṭaka aham bhajeyam
kim kuryām vai kim ca kṛtvā na tapye
tasmāt santāpam varjayāmi apramattaḥ
11. Having realized the impermanence of pleasure and pain, O Aṣṭaka, why should I experience sorrow? What indeed should I do, and what action would prevent me from suffering? Therefore, I vigilantly avoid sorrow.
अष्टक उवाच ।
ये ये लोकाः पार्थिवेन्द्र प्रधानास्त्वया भुक्ता यं च कालं यथा च ।
तन्मे राजन्ब्रूहि सर्वं यथावत्क्षेत्रज्ञवद्भाषसे त्वं हि धर्मान् ॥१२॥
12. aṣṭaka uvāca ,
ye ye lokāḥ pārthivendra pradhānā;stvayā bhuktā yaṁ ca kālaṁ yathā ca ,
tanme rājanbrūhi sarvaṁ yathāva;tkṣetrajñavadbhāṣase tvaṁ hi dharmān.
12. aṣṭaka uvāca ye ye lokāḥ pārthivendra
pradhānāḥ tvayā bhuktā yam ca kālam
yathā ca tat me rājan brūhi sarvam yathāvat
kṣetrajñavat bhāṣase tvam hi dharmān
12. Aṣṭaka said: "O chief of kings, tell me precisely all about the prominent worlds you enjoyed, for what duration, and how. For you, O King, speak of dharma like one who truly comprehends the nature of existence (kṣetrajña)."
ययातिरुवाच ।
राजाहमासमिह सार्वभौमस्ततो लोकान्महतो अजयं वै ।
तत्रावसं वर्षसहस्रमात्रं ततो लोकं परमस्म्यभ्युपेतः ॥१३॥
13. yayātiruvāca ,
rājāhamāsamiha sārvabhauma;stato lokānmahato ajayaṁ vai ,
tatrāvasaṁ varṣasahasramātraṁ; tato lokaṁ paramasmyabhyupetaḥ.
13. yayātiḥ uvāca rājā aham āsam iha
sārvabhaumaḥ tataḥ lokān mahataḥ ajayam
vai tatra avasam varṣasahasramātram
tataḥ lokam param asmi abhyupetaḥ
13. Yayāti said: "Here on earth, I was a universal sovereign king. Then I conquered great realms. I resided there for a mere thousand years, and thereafter I ascended to a supreme realm."
ततः पुरीं पुरुहूतस्य रम्यां सहस्रद्वारां शतयोजनायताम् ।
अध्यावसं वर्षसहस्रमात्रं ततो लोकं परमस्म्यभ्युपेतः ॥१४॥
14. tataḥ purīṁ puruhūtasya ramyāṁ; sahasradvārāṁ śatayojanāyatām ,
adhyāvasaṁ varṣasahasramātraṁ; tato lokaṁ paramasmyabhyupetaḥ.
14. tataḥ purīm puruhūtasya ramyām
sahasradvārām śatayojanāyatām
adhi avasam varṣasahasramātram
tataḥ lokam param asmi abhyupetaḥ
14. After that, I dwelt in the beautiful city of Puruhūta (Indra), which had a thousand gates and stretched for a hundred yojanas. I resided there for only a thousand years, and then I ascended to a supreme realm.
ततो दिव्यमजरं प्राप्य लोकं प्रजापतेर्लोकपतेर्दुरापम् ।
तत्रावसं वर्षसहस्रमात्रं ततो लोकं परमस्म्यभ्युपेतः ॥१५॥
15. tato divyamajaraṁ prāpya lokaṁ; prajāpaterlokapaterdurāpam ,
tatrāvasaṁ varṣasahasramātraṁ; tato lokaṁ paramasmyabhyupetaḥ.
15. tataḥ divyam ajaram prāpya lokam
prajāpateḥ lokapateḥ durāpam
tatra avasam varṣasahasramātram
tataḥ lokam param asmi abhyupetaḥ
15. After that, I attained the divine, ageless realm, which is difficult even for Prajāpati, the Lord of creation, to reach. I dwelt there for only a thousand years, and then I ascended to a supreme realm.
देवस्य देवस्य निवेशने च विजित्य लोकानवसं यथेष्टम् ।
संपूज्यमानस्त्रिदशैः समस्तैस्तुल्यप्रभावद्युतिरीश्वराणाम् ॥१६॥
16. devasya devasya niveśane ca; vijitya lokānavasaṁ yatheṣṭam ,
saṁpūjyamānastridaśaiḥ samastai;stulyaprabhāvadyutirīśvarāṇām.
16. devasya devasya niveśane ca
vijitya lokān avasam yathā iṣṭam
sampūjyamānaḥ tridaśaiḥ samastaiḥ
tulyaprabhāvadyutiḥ īśvarāṇām
16. Having conquered the worlds, I resided as I wished in the abode of each god (deva), being worshipped by all the thirty gods, with power and splendor equal to that of the lords (īśvara).
तथावसं नन्दने कामरूपी संवत्सराणामयुतं शतानाम् ।
सहाप्सरोभिर्विहरन्पुण्यगन्धान्पश्यन्नगान्पुष्पितांश्चारुरूपान् ॥१७॥
17. tathāvasaṁ nandane kāmarūpī; saṁvatsarāṇāmayutaṁ śatānām ,
sahāpsarobhirviharanpuṇyagandhā;npaśyannagānpuṣpitāṁścārurūpān.
17. tathā avasam nandane kāmarūpī
saṃvatsarāṇām ayutam śatānām saha
apsarobhiḥ viharan puṇyagandhān
paśyan agān puṣpitān ca cārurūpān
17. Thus, I resided in Nandana, assuming any form at will, for a million years, sporting with the Apsaras (celestial nymphs), and beholding fragrant, blooming, and beautiful trees.
तत्रस्थं मां देवसुखेषु सक्तं कालेऽतीते महति ततोऽतिमात्रम् ।
दूतो देवानामब्रवीदुग्ररूपो ध्वंसेत्युच्चैस्त्रिः प्लुतेन स्वरेण ॥१८॥
18. tatrasthaṁ māṁ devasukheṣu saktaṁ; kāle'tīte mahati tato'timātram ,
dūto devānāmabravīdugrarūpo; dhvaṁsetyuccaistriḥ plutena svareṇa.
18. tatrastham mām devasukheṣu saktam
kāle atīte mahati tataḥ atimātram
dūtaḥ devānām abravīt ugrarūpaḥ
dhvaṃsa iti uccaiḥ triḥ plutena svareṇa
18. When a long time had passed, then, a messenger of the gods (deva), exceedingly fierce in form, said to me, who was residing there and absorbed in divine pleasures, 'Perish!' — loudly, three times, with a prolonged sound.
एतावन्मे विदितं राजसिंह ततो भ्रष्टोऽहं नन्दनात्क्षीणपुण्यः ।
वाचोऽश्रौषं चान्तरिक्षे सुराणामनुक्रोशाच्छोचतां मानवेन्द्र ॥१९॥
19. etāvanme viditaṁ rājasiṁha; tato bhraṣṭo'haṁ nandanātkṣīṇapuṇyaḥ ,
vāco'śrauṣaṁ cāntarikṣe surāṇā;manukrośācchocatāṁ mānavendra.
19. etāvat me viditam rājasiṃha tataḥ
bhraṣṭaḥ aham nandanāt kṣīṇapuṇyaḥ
vācaḥ aśrauṣam ca antarikṣe
surāṇām anukrośāt śocatām mānavendra
19. O lion among kings, this much is known to me: that I fell from Nandana (the celestial garden) because my merits were exhausted. O lord of men, I also heard the words of the gods in the sky, grieving out of compassion.
अहो कष्टं क्षीणपुण्यो ययातिः पतत्यसौ पुण्यकृत्पुण्यकीर्तिः ।
तानब्रुवं पतमानस्ततोऽहं सतां मध्ये निपतेयं कथं नु ॥२०॥
20. aho kaṣṭaṁ kṣīṇapuṇyo yayātiḥ; patatyasau puṇyakṛtpuṇyakīrtiḥ ,
tānabruvaṁ patamānastato'haṁ; satāṁ madhye nipateyaṁ kathaṁ nu.
20. aho kaṣṭam kṣīṇapuṇyaḥ yayātiḥ
patati asau puṇyakṛt puṇyakīrtiḥ
tān abruvam patamānaḥ tataḥ aham
satām madhye nipateyam katham nu
20. Oh, what a pity! Yayati, whose merits are exhausted, this doer of good deeds and man of meritorious fame, is falling. As I was falling, I then said to them (the gods), 'How then might I fall among virtuous people?'
तैराख्याता भवतां यज्ञभूमिः समीक्ष्य चैनां त्वरितमुपागतोऽस्मि ।
हविर्गन्धं देशिकं यज्ञभूमेर्धूमापाङ्गं प्रतिगृह्य प्रतीतः ॥२१॥
21. tairākhyātā bhavatāṁ yajñabhūmiḥ; samīkṣya caināṁ tvaritamupāgato'smi ,
havirgandhaṁ deśikaṁ yajñabhūme;rdhūmāpāṅgaṁ pratigṛhya pratītaḥ.
21. taiḥ ākhyātā bhavatām yajñabhūmiḥ
samīkṣya ca enām tvaritam upāgataḥ
asmi havīrgandham deśikam yajñabhūmeḥ
dhūmāpāṅgam pratigṛhya pratītaḥ
21. Your sacrificial ground (yajña-bhūmi) was pointed out by them (the gods). And having seen this (ground), I have quickly arrived. I am pleased, having perceived the guiding scent of the oblation and the trace of smoke from the sacrificial ground (yajña-bhūmi).