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महाभारतः       mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-67

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युधिष्ठिर उवाच ।
चातुराश्रम्य उक्तोऽत्र चातुर्वर्ण्यस्तथैव च ।
राष्ट्रस्य यत्कृत्यतमं तन्मे ब्रूहि पितामह ॥१॥
1. yudhiṣṭhira uvāca ,
cāturāśramya ukto'tra cāturvarṇyastathaiva ca ,
rāṣṭrasya yatkṛtyatamaṁ tanme brūhi pitāmaha.
1. yudhiṣṭhiraḥ uvāca cāturāśramyam uktaḥ atra cāturvarṇyaḥ
tathā eva ca rāṣṭrasya yat kṛtyatamam tat me brūhi pitāmaha
1. yudhiṣṭhiraḥ uvāca: pitāmaha atra
cāturāśramyam uktaḥ tathā eva ca
cāturvarṇyaḥ (uktaḥ) (asti) (ataḥ)
rāṣṭrasya yat kṛtyatamam tat me brūhi
1. Yudhiṣṭhira said: "The system of four stages of life (āśramas) has been described here, and similarly, the system of four social orders (varṇas). Now, O Grandfather (pitāmaha), tell me what is the most essential constitution (dharma) for the nation (rāṣṭra)."
भीष्म उवाच ।
राष्ट्रस्यैतत्कृत्यतमं राज्ञ एवाभिषेचनम् ।
अनिन्द्रमबलं राष्ट्रं दस्यवोऽभिभवन्ति च ॥२॥
2. bhīṣma uvāca ,
rāṣṭrasyaitatkṛtyatamaṁ rājña evābhiṣecanam ,
anindramabalaṁ rāṣṭraṁ dasyavo'bhibhavanti ca.
2. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca rāṣṭrasya etat kṛtyatamam rājñaḥ eva
abhiṣecanam anindram abalam rāṣṭram dasyavaḥ abhibhavanti ca
2. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca.
etat rājñaḥ abhiṣecanam rāṣṭrasya kṛtyatamam eva.
anindram abalam rāṣṭram dasyavaḥ ca abhibhavanti.
2. Bhishma spoke: "This, the consecration (abhiṣecanam) of a king, is the most essential duty for the kingdom. For a kingdom without a ruler and thus weak, dacoits overpower it."
अराजकेषु राष्ट्रेषु धर्मो न व्यवतिष्ठते ।
परस्परं च खादन्ति सर्वथा धिगराजकम् ॥३॥
3. arājakeṣu rāṣṭreṣu dharmo na vyavatiṣṭhate ,
parasparaṁ ca khādanti sarvathā dhigarājakam.
3. arājakeṣu rāṣṭreṣu dharmaḥ na vyavatiṣṭhate
parasparam ca khādanti sarvathā dhik arājakam
3. arājakeṣu rāṣṭreṣu dharmaḥ na vyavatiṣṭhate.
parasparam ca khādanti.
sarvathā arājakam dhik.
3. In kingless states, (natural) law (dharma) does not prevail. People devour each other. In every respect, woe to a kingless state!
इन्द्रमेनं प्रवृणुते यद्राजानमिति श्रुतिः ।
यथैवेन्द्रस्तथा राजा संपूज्यो भूतिमिच्छता ॥४॥
4. indramenaṁ pravṛṇute yadrājānamiti śrutiḥ ,
yathaivendrastathā rājā saṁpūjyo bhūtimicchatā.
4. indram enam pravṛṇute yat rājānam iti śrutiḥ yathā
eva indraḥ tathā rājā sampūjyaḥ bhūtim icchatā
4. śrutiḥ yat enam indram rājānam iti pravṛṇute.
yathā eva indraḥ tathā bhūtim icchatā rājā sampūjyaḥ.
4. It is the Vedic tradition (śruti) that one chooses this person as king, considering him to be Indra. Just as Indra, so too is the king to be revered by one desiring prosperity.
नाराजकेषु राष्ट्रेषु वस्तव्यमिति वैदिकम् ।
नाराजकेषु राष्ट्रेषु हव्यमग्निर्वहत्यपि ॥५॥
5. nārājakeṣu rāṣṭreṣu vastavyamiti vaidikam ,
nārājakeṣu rāṣṭreṣu havyamagnirvahatyapi.
5. na arājakeṣu rāṣṭreṣu vastavyam iti vaidikam
na arājakeṣu rāṣṭreṣu havyam agniḥ vahati api
5. arājakeṣu rāṣṭreṣu na vastavyam iti vaidikam.
arājakeṣu rāṣṭreṣu agniḥ havyam api na vahati.
5. It is (a teaching of) the Vedic tradition (vaidika) that one should not reside in kingless states. Furthermore, in kingless states, Agni (the sacrificial fire) does not carry the oblations (to the gods).
अथ चेदभिवर्तेत राज्यार्थी बलवत्तरः ।
अराजकानि राष्ट्राणि हतराजानि वा पुनः ॥६॥
6. atha cedabhivarteta rājyārthī balavattaraḥ ,
arājakāni rāṣṭrāṇi hatarājāni vā punaḥ.
6. atha cet abhivarteta rājyārthī balavattaraḥ
arājakāni rāṣṭrāṇi hata-rājāni vā punaḥ
6. atha cet rājyārthī balavattaraḥ abhivarteta
arājakāni rāṣṭrāṇi vā punaḥ hata-rājāni
6. Now, if a more powerful (balavattaraḥ) individual, seeking a kingdom (rājyārthī), should approach leaderless states (arājakāni rāṣṭrāṇi) or (vā punaḥ) those whose leader has been slain (hatarājāni).
प्रत्युद्गम्याभिपूज्यः स्यादेतदत्र सुमन्त्रितम् ।
न हि पापात्पापतरमस्ति किंचिदराजकात् ॥७॥
7. pratyudgamyābhipūjyaḥ syādetadatra sumantritam ,
na hi pāpātpāpataramasti kiṁcidarājakāt.
7. pratyudgamya abhipūjyaḥ syāt etat atra sumantritam
na hi pāpāt pāpataram asti kiṃcit arājakāt
7. pratyudgamya abhipūjyaḥ syāt etat atra sumantritam
hi na asti kiṃcit pāpataram pāpāt arājakāt
7. (Such a powerful invader) should be gone forth to meet (pratyudgamya) and honored (abhipūjyaḥ syāt); this (etat) here (atra) is well-advised (sumantritam). For (hi) there is truly (na asti) nothing (kiṃcit) more evil (pāpataram) than evil (pāpāt) itself, or more evil than a kingless state (arājakāt).
स चेत्समनुपश्येत समग्रं कुशलं भवेत् ।
बलवान्हि प्रकुपितः कुर्यान्निःशेषतामपि ॥८॥
8. sa cetsamanupaśyeta samagraṁ kuśalaṁ bhavet ,
balavānhi prakupitaḥ kuryānniḥśeṣatāmapi.
8. sa cet samanupaśyeta samagram kuśalam bhavet
balavān hi prakupitaḥ kuryāt niḥśeṣatām api
8. sa cet samanupaśyeta samagram kuśalam bhavet
hi balavān prakupitaḥ api niḥśeṣatām kuryāt
8. If (cet) he (sa) should fully observe (samanupaśyeta) (the situation) in its entirety, there would be complete (samagraṃ) welfare (kuśalaṃ bhavet). For (hi) a powerful one (balavān), if enraged (prakupitaḥ), might (kuryāt) even (api) cause total destruction (niḥśeṣatām).
भूयांसं लभते क्लेशं या गौर्भवति दुर्दुहा ।
सुदुहा या तु भवति नैव तां क्लेशयन्त्युत ॥९॥
9. bhūyāṁsaṁ labhate kleśaṁ yā gaurbhavati durduhā ,
suduhā yā tu bhavati naiva tāṁ kleśayantyuta.
9. bhūyāṃsam labhate kleśam yā gauḥ bhavati durduhā
suduhā yā tu bhavati na eva tām kleśayanti uta
9. yā gauḥ durduhā bhavati sā bhūyāṃsam kleśam labhate
tu yā suduhā bhavati tām eva na kleśayanti uta
9. That cow (yā gauḥ) which is (bhavati) difficult to milk (durduhā) obtains (labhate) greater (bhūyāṃsaṃ) trouble (kleśaṃ). But (tu) that (yā) which is (bhavati) easy to milk (suduhā), they certainly (na eva) do not trouble (kleśayanti) her (tām), moreover (uta).
यदतप्तं प्रणमति न तत्संतापयन्त्युत ।
यच्च स्वयं नतं दारु न तत्संनामयन्त्यपि ॥१०॥
10. yadataptaṁ praṇamati na tatsaṁtāpayantyuta ,
yacca svayaṁ nataṁ dāru na tatsaṁnāmayantyapi.
10. yat ataptam praṇamati na tat saṃtāpayanti uta |
yat ca svayam natam dāru na tat saṃnāmayanti api
10. yat ataptam praṇamati tat uta na saṃtāpayanti
yat ca svayam natam dāru tat api na saṃnāmayanti
10. One does not torment that which is not heated and readily submits. Similarly, one does not bend wood that is already naturally bent.
एतयोपमया धीरः संनमेत बलीयसे ।
इन्द्राय स प्रणमते नमते यो बलीयसे ॥११॥
11. etayopamayā dhīraḥ saṁnameta balīyase ,
indrāya sa praṇamate namate yo balīyase.
11. etayā upamayā dhīraḥ saṃnameta balīyase |
indrāya saḥ praṇamate namate yaḥ balīyase
11. dhīraḥ etayā upamayā balīyase saṃnameta
yaḥ balīyase namate saḥ indrāya praṇamate
11. Following this analogy, a wise person should submit to the stronger. Indeed, whoever submits to the stronger, submits to Indra.
तस्माद्राजैव कर्तव्यः सततं भूतिमिच्छता ।
न धनार्थो न दारार्थस्तेषां येषामराजकम् ॥१२॥
12. tasmādrājaiva kartavyaḥ satataṁ bhūtimicchatā ,
na dhanārtho na dārārthasteṣāṁ yeṣāmarājakam.
12. tasmāt rājā eva kartavyaḥ satatam bhūtim icchatā
| na dhanārthaḥ na dārārthaḥ teṣām yeṣām arājakam
12. tasmāt bhūtim icchatā satatam rājā eva kartavyaḥ
yeṣām arājakam teṣām dhanārthaḥ na dārārthaḥ na
12. Therefore, one who desires prosperity should always establish a king. For those among whom there is no king (anarchy), wealth and wives hold no value.
प्रीयते हि हरन्पापः परवित्तमराजके ।
यदास्य उद्धरन्त्यन्ये तदा राजानमिच्छति ॥१३॥
13. prīyate hi haranpāpaḥ paravittamarājake ,
yadāsya uddharantyanye tadā rājānamicchati.
13. prīyate hi haran pāpaḥ paravittam arājake |
yadā asya uddharanti anye tadā rājānam icchati
13. hi pāpaḥ arājake paravittam haran prīyate yadā
anye asya uddharanti tadā (saḥ) rājānam icchati
13. Indeed, a wicked person rejoices while stealing the wealth of others in a state of anarchy. But when others seize his own possessions, then he desires a king.
पापा अपि तदा क्षेमं न लभन्ते कदाचन ।
एकस्य हि द्वौ हरतो द्वयोश्च बहवोऽपरे ॥१४॥
14. pāpā api tadā kṣemaṁ na labhante kadācana ,
ekasya hi dvau harato dvayośca bahavo'pare.
14. pāpāḥ api tadā kṣemam na labhante kadācana
ekasya hi dvau harataḥ dvayoḥ ca bahavaḥ apare
14. tadā pāpāḥ api kadācana kṣemam na labhante hi
dvau ekasya harataḥ ca apare bahavaḥ dvayoḥ
14. At such times, even wicked people never attain security (kṣema). Indeed, two individuals seize from one, and many others seize from two.
अदासः क्रियते दासो ह्रियन्ते च बलात्स्त्रियः ।
एतस्मात्कारणाद्देवाः प्रजापालान्प्रचक्रिरे ॥१५॥
15. adāsaḥ kriyate dāso hriyante ca balātstriyaḥ ,
etasmātkāraṇāddevāḥ prajāpālānpracakrire.
15. adāsaḥ kriyate dāsaḥ hriyante ca balāt striyaḥ
etasmāt kāraṇāt devāḥ prajāpālān pracakrire
15. adāsaḥ dāsaḥ kriyate ca striyaḥ balāt hriyante
etasmāt kāraṇāt devāḥ prajāpālān pracakrire
15. A free person is made a slave, and women are forcibly abducted. For this reason, the gods created protectors of the people.
राजा चेन्न भवेल्लोके पृथिव्यां दण्डधारकः ।
शूले मत्स्यानिवापक्ष्यन्दुर्बलान्बलवत्तराः ॥१६॥
16. rājā cenna bhavelloke pṛthivyāṁ daṇḍadhārakaḥ ,
śūle matsyānivāpakṣyandurbalānbalavattarāḥ.
16. rājā cet na bhavet loke pṛthivyām daṇḍadhārakaḥ
śūle matsyān iva apakṣyan durbalān balavattarāḥ
16. cet loke pṛthivyām daṇḍadhārakaḥ rājā na bhavet
śūle matsyān iva apakṣyan durbalān balavattarāḥ
16. If there were no king (rājā) and enforcer of justice (daṇḍadhārakaḥ) in the world, on earth, the stronger ones would devour the weak, just as fish are cooked on a spit.
अराजकाः प्रजाः पूर्वं विनेशुरिति नः श्रुतम् ।
परस्परं भक्षयन्तो मत्स्या इव जले कृशान् ॥१७॥
17. arājakāḥ prajāḥ pūrvaṁ vineśuriti naḥ śrutam ,
parasparaṁ bhakṣayanto matsyā iva jale kṛśān.
17. arājakāḥ prajāḥ pūrvam vineśuḥ iti naḥ śrutam
parasparam bhakṣayantaḥ matsyāḥ iva jale kṛśān
17. naḥ iti śrutam yat pūrvam अराजकाः prajāḥ parasparam
jale kṛśān matsyāḥ iva bhakṣayantaḥ vineśuḥ
17. We have heard that previously, people without a ruler perished, devouring each other, just like strong fish devouring weak ones in water.
ताः समेत्य ततश्चक्रुः समयानिति नः श्रुतम् ।
वाक्क्रूरो दण्डपुरुषो यश्च स्यात्पारदारिकः ।
यश्च न स्वमथादद्यात्त्याज्या नस्तादृशा इति ॥१८॥
18. tāḥ sametya tataścakruḥ samayāniti naḥ śrutam ,
vākkrūro daṇḍapuruṣo yaśca syātpāradārikaḥ ,
yaśca na svamathādadyāttyājyā nastādṛśā iti.
18. tāḥ sametya tataḥ cakruḥ samayān iti
naḥ śrutam vākkrūraḥ daṇḍapuruṣaḥ
yaḥ ca syāt pāradārikaḥ yaḥ ca na svam
atha dadyāt tyājyāḥ naḥ tādṛśāḥ iti
18. naḥ śrutam iti tāḥ sametya tataḥ samayān cakruḥ yaḥ ca vākkrūraḥ daṇḍapuruṣaḥ syāt,
yaḥ ca pāradārikaḥ,
yaḥ ca svam atha na dadyāt,
tādṛśāḥ naḥ tyājyāḥ iti.
18. Having assembled, they then made these agreements, as we have heard: "Whoever is harsh in speech, or oppressive, or an adulterer, or does not return what is due to others – such individuals are to be cast out by us."
विश्वासनार्थं वर्णानां सर्वेषामविशेषतः ।
तास्तथा समयं कृत्वा समये नावतस्थिरे ॥१९॥
19. viśvāsanārthaṁ varṇānāṁ sarveṣāmaviśeṣataḥ ,
tāstathā samayaṁ kṛtvā samaye nāvatasthire.
19. viśvāsanārtham varṇānām sarveṣām aviśeṣataḥ
tāḥ tathā samayam kṛtvā samaye na avatastire
19. tāḥ tathā samayam kṛtvā,
varṇānām sarveṣām aviśeṣataḥ viśvāsanārtham (api),
samaye na avatastire.
19. Despite making such an agreement for the sake of trust among all social classes without distinction, they did not abide by it.
सहितास्तास्तदा जग्मुरसुखार्ताः पितामहम् ।
अनीश्वरा विनश्यामो भगवन्नीश्वरं दिश ॥२०॥
20. sahitāstāstadā jagmurasukhārtāḥ pitāmaham ,
anīśvarā vinaśyāmo bhagavannīśvaraṁ diśa.
20. sahitāḥ tāḥ tadā jagmuḥ asukhārtāḥ pitāmaham
anīśvarāḥ vinaśyāmaḥ bhagavan īśvaram diśa
20. sahitāḥ asukhārtāḥ tāḥ tadā pitāmaham jagmuḥ bhagavan,
anīśvarāḥ (vayam) vinaśyāmaḥ; īśvaram diśa (naḥ).
20. United, and afflicted by unhappiness, they then went to the Grandfather (Brahma), saying, "O Lord (Bhagavan), without a ruler, we are perishing. Please appoint a sovereign."
यं पूजयेम संभूय यश्च नः परिपालयेत् ।
ताभ्यो मनुं व्यादिदेश मनुर्नाभिननन्द ताः ॥२१॥
21. yaṁ pūjayema saṁbhūya yaśca naḥ paripālayet ,
tābhyo manuṁ vyādideśa manurnābhinananda tāḥ.
21. yam pūjayema sambhūya yaḥ ca naḥ paripālayet
tābhyaḥ manum vyādideśa manuḥ na abhinananda tāḥ
21. sambhūya yam pūjayema,
yaḥ ca naḥ paripālayet (iti te ūcuḥ) (saḥ) tābhyaḥ manum vyādideśa manuḥ tāḥ na abhinananda.
21. (They asked:) "Whom may we worship together, and who will protect us?" To them, Brahma appointed Manu. However, Manu did not welcome them.
मनुरुवाच ।
बिभेमि कर्मणः क्रूराद्राज्यं हि भृशदुष्करम् ।
विशेषतो मनुष्येषु मिथ्यावृत्तिषु नित्यदा ॥२२॥
22. manuruvāca ,
bibhemi karmaṇaḥ krūrādrājyaṁ hi bhṛśaduṣkaram ,
viśeṣato manuṣyeṣu mithyāvṛttiṣu nityadā.
22. manuḥ uvāca bibhemi karmaṇaḥ krūrāt rājyam hi
bhṛśaduṣkaram viśeṣataḥ manuṣyeṣu mithyāvṛttiṣu nityadā
22. manuḥ uvāca karmaṇaḥ krūrāt bibhemi hi rājyam
bhṛśaduṣkaram viśeṣataḥ nityadā mithyāvṛttiṣu manuṣyeṣu
22. Manu said, 'I fear this harsh task (karma); indeed, kingship is exceedingly difficult, especially always among humans who engage in false conduct.'
भीष्म उवाच ।
तमब्रुवन्प्रजा मा भैः कर्मणैनो गमिष्यति ।
पशूनामधिपञ्चाशद्धिरण्यस्य तथैव च ।
धान्यस्य दशमं भागं दास्यामः कोशवर्धनम् ॥२३॥
23. bhīṣma uvāca ,
tamabruvanprajā mā bhaiḥ karmaṇaino gamiṣyati ,
paśūnāmadhipañcāśaddhiraṇyasya tathaiva ca ,
dhānyasya daśamaṁ bhāgaṁ dāsyāmaḥ kośavardhanam.
23. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca tam abruvan prajāḥ mā bhaiḥ
karmaṇā enaḥ gamiṣyati paśūnām
adhipañcāśat hiraṇyasya tathā eva ca dhānyasya
daśamam bhāgam dāsyāmaḥ kośavardhanam
23. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca prajāḥ tam abruvan mā bhaiḥ
enaḥ karmaṇā gamiṣyati paśūnām
adhipañcāśat hiraṇyasya tathā eva ca dhānyasya
daśamam bhāgam kośavardhanam dāsyāmaḥ
23. Bhishma said, 'The subjects said to him, "Do not be afraid; no fault will come from this task (karma). We will give one-fiftieth of cattle and likewise of gold, and a tenth part of grain, to augment the treasury."'
मुख्येन शस्त्रपत्रेण ये मनुष्याः प्रधानतः ।
भवन्तं तेऽनुयास्यन्ति महेन्द्रमिव देवताः ॥२४॥
24. mukhyena śastrapatreṇa ye manuṣyāḥ pradhānataḥ ,
bhavantaṁ te'nuyāsyanti mahendramiva devatāḥ.
24. mukhyena śastrapātreṇa ye manuṣyāḥ pradhānataḥ
bhavantam te anuyāsyanti mahendram iva devatāḥ
24. ye pradhānataḥ manuṣyāḥ mukhyena śastrapātreṇa
te bhavantam anuyāsyanti devatāḥ mahendram iva
24. Those prominent men, armed with the chief weapons, will follow you, just as the gods follow Mahendra (Indra).
स त्वं जातबलो राजन्दुष्प्रधर्षः प्रतापवान् ।
सुखे धास्यसि नः सर्वान्कुबेर इव नैरृतान् ॥२५॥
25. sa tvaṁ jātabalo rājanduṣpradharṣaḥ pratāpavān ,
sukhe dhāsyasi naḥ sarvānkubera iva nairṛtān.
25. saḥ tvam jātabalaḥ rājan duṣpradharṣaḥ pratāpavān
sukhe dhāsyasi naḥ sarvān kuberaḥ iva nairṛtān
25. rājan saḥ tvam jātabalaḥ duṣpradharṣaḥ pratāpavān
kuberaḥ nairṛtān iva naḥ sarvān sukhe dhāsyasi
25. O King, you, having become mighty, unassailable, and glorious, will happily sustain all of us, just as Kubera sustains the Nairritas (Yakshas).
यं च धर्मं चरिष्यन्ति प्रजा राज्ञा सुरक्षिताः ।
चतुर्थं तस्य धर्मस्य त्वत्संस्थं नो भविष्यति ॥२६॥
26. yaṁ ca dharmaṁ cariṣyanti prajā rājñā surakṣitāḥ ,
caturthaṁ tasya dharmasya tvatsaṁsthaṁ no bhaviṣyati.
26. yam ca dharmam cariṣyanti prajāḥ rājñā surakṣitāḥ
caturtham tasya dharmasya tvat-saṃstham naḥ bhaviṣyati
26. rājñā surakṣitāḥ prajāḥ yaṃ ca dharmam cariṣyanti,
tasya dharmasya caturtham tvat-saṃstham naḥ bhaviṣyati
26. And whatever natural law (dharma) the subjects, well-protected by the king, will practice, a fourth part of that natural law (dharma) will be established in you (as merit) and will not be lost to us.
तेन धर्मेण महता सुखलब्धेन भावितः ।
पाह्यस्मान्सर्वतो राजन्देवानिव शतक्रतुः ॥२७॥
27. tena dharmeṇa mahatā sukhalabdhena bhāvitaḥ ,
pāhyasmānsarvato rājandevāniva śatakratuḥ.
27. tena dharmeṇa mahatā sukha-labdhena bhāvitaḥ
pāhi asmān sarvataḥ rājan devān iva śatakratuḥ
27. (tvam) tena mahatā sukha-labdhena dharmeṇa bhāvitaḥ,
rājan,
devān iva śatakratuḥ,
asmān sarvataḥ pāhi
27. Being imbued with that great (natural law) dharma, which is easily obtained, O King, protect us from all sides, just as Indra (Śatakratu) protects the gods.
विजयायाशु निर्याहि प्रतपन्रश्मिमानिव ।
मानं विधम शत्रूणां धर्मो जयतु नः सदा ॥२८॥
28. vijayāyāśu niryāhi pratapanraśmimāniva ,
mānaṁ vidhama śatrūṇāṁ dharmo jayatu naḥ sadā.
28. vijayāya āśu niryāhi pratapan raśmimān iva
mānam vidhama śatrūṇām dharmaḥ jayatu naḥ sadā
28. (tvam) āśu vijayāya niryāhi,
pratapan raśmimān iva.
śatrūṇām mānam vidhama.
naḥ dharmaḥ sadā jayatu
28. Go forth quickly for victory, like the scorching, radiant sun. Destroy the pride of enemies; may our natural law (dharma) always be victorious.
स निर्ययौ महातेजा बलेन महता वृतः ।
महाभिजनसंपन्नस्तेजसा प्रज्वलन्निव ॥२९॥
29. sa niryayau mahātejā balena mahatā vṛtaḥ ,
mahābhijanasaṁpannastejasā prajvalanniva.
29. saḥ niryayau mahā-tejāḥ balena mahatā vṛtaḥ
mahā-abhijana-sampannaḥ tejasā prajvalan iva
29. saḥ mahā-tejāḥ,
mahatā balena vṛtaḥ,
mahā-abhijana-sampannaḥ,
tejasā prajvalan iva,
niryayau
29. That mighty one, endowed with great splendor, surrounded by a large army, set forth, appearing as if blazing with brilliance, being accomplished in noble lineage.
तस्य तां महिमां दृष्ट्वा महेन्द्रस्येव देवताः ।
अपतत्रसिरे सर्वे स्वधर्मे च दधुर्मनः ॥३०॥
30. tasya tāṁ mahimāṁ dṛṣṭvā mahendrasyeva devatāḥ ,
apatatrasire sarve svadharme ca dadhurmanaḥ.
30. tasya tām mahimām dṛṣṭvā mahendrasya iva devatāḥ
apatatrasire sarve svadharme ca dadhuḥ manaḥ
30. devatāḥ sarve tasya mahendrasya iva tām mahimām
dṛṣṭvā apatatrasire ca svadharme manaḥ dadhuḥ
30. Upon seeing his greatness, which was like that of Mahendra (Indra), all the deities trembled and then focused their minds on their own intrinsic nature (dharma).
ततो महीं परिययौ पर्जन्य इव वृष्टिमान् ।
शमयन्सर्वतः पापान्स्वकर्मसु च योजयन् ॥३१॥
31. tato mahīṁ pariyayau parjanya iva vṛṣṭimān ,
śamayansarvataḥ pāpānsvakarmasu ca yojayan.
31. tataḥ mahīm pariyayau parjanyaḥ iva vṛṣṭimān
śamayan sarvataḥ pāpān svakarmasu ca yojayan
31. tataḥ saḥ parjanyaḥ vṛṣṭimān iva mahīm pariyayau
sarvataḥ pāpān śamayan ca svakarmasu yojayan
31. Then he traversed the earth like a rain-cloud laden with rain, everywhere pacifying evils and engaging people in their respective actions (karma).
एवं ये भूतिमिच्छेयुः पृथिव्यां मानवाः क्वचित् ।
कुर्यू राजानमेवाग्रे प्रजानुग्रहकारणात् ॥३२॥
32. evaṁ ye bhūtimiccheyuḥ pṛthivyāṁ mānavāḥ kvacit ,
kuryū rājānamevāgre prajānugrahakāraṇāt.
32. evam ye bhūtim iccheyuḥ pṛthivyām mānavāḥ kvacit
kuryuḥ rājānam eva agre prajānugrahakāraṇāt
32. evam ye mānavāḥ kvacit pṛthivyām bhūtim iccheyuḥ,
(te) prajānugrahakāraṇāt rājānam eva agre kuryuḥ
32. Thus, any human beings on earth who desire prosperity should prioritize the king, for the sake of gaining the favor of the populace.
नमस्येयुश्च तं भक्त्या शिष्या इव गुरुं सदा ।
देवा इव सहस्राक्षं प्रजा राजानमन्तिके ॥३३॥
33. namasyeyuśca taṁ bhaktyā śiṣyā iva guruṁ sadā ,
devā iva sahasrākṣaṁ prajā rājānamantike.
33. namasyeyuḥ ca tam bhaktyā śiṣyāḥ iva gurum sadā
devāḥ iva sahasrākṣam prajā rājānam antike
33. ca prajā tam rājānam antike bhaktyā sadā namasyeyuḥ,
śiṣyāḥ gurum iva devāḥ sahasrākṣam iva (namasyeyuḥ)
33. And the populace should always revere him with devotion (bhakti), just as disciples revere their guru (teacher) or as gods revere Sahasrākṣa (Indra) whenever the king is present.
सत्कृतं स्वजनेनेह परोऽपि बहु मन्यते ।
स्वजनेन त्ववज्ञातं परे परिभवन्त्युत ॥३४॥
34. satkṛtaṁ svajaneneha paro'pi bahu manyate ,
svajanena tvavajñātaṁ pare paribhavantyuta.
34. satkṛtam svajanena iha paraḥ api bahu manyate
svajanena tu avajñātam pare paribhavanti uta
34. iha svajanena satkṛtam paraḥ api bahu manyate
tu svajanena avajñātam pare uta paribhavanti
34. If someone is honored by their own kinsfolk, even an outsider will greatly respect them. Conversely, if one is disregarded by their own people, others will certainly humiliate them.
राज्ञः परैः परिभवः सर्वेषामसुखावहः ।
तस्माच्छत्रं च पत्रं च वासांस्याभरणानि च ॥३५॥
35. rājñaḥ paraiḥ paribhavaḥ sarveṣāmasukhāvahaḥ ,
tasmācchatraṁ ca patraṁ ca vāsāṁsyābharaṇāni ca.
35. rājñaḥ paraiḥ paribhavaḥ sarveṣām asukhāvahaḥ
tasmāt chatram ca patram ca vāsāṃsi ābharaṇāni ca
35. rājñaḥ paraiḥ paribhavaḥ sarveṣām asukhāvahaḥ tasmāt
chatram ca patram ca vāsāṃsi ca ābharaṇāni ca
35. The humiliation of a king by adversaries brings misery to everyone. Therefore, (offer to the king) umbrellas, fans, garments, and ornaments...
भोजनान्यथ पानानि राज्ञे दद्युर्गृहाणि च ।
आसनानि च शय्याश्च सर्वोपकरणानि च ॥३६॥
36. bhojanānyatha pānāni rājñe dadyurgṛhāṇi ca ,
āsanāni ca śayyāśca sarvopakaraṇāni ca.
36. bhojanāni atha pānāni rājñe dadyuḥ gṛhāṇi
ca āsanāni ca śayyāḥ ca sarvopakaraṇāni ca
36. atha bhojanāni pānāni gṛhāṇi ca āsanāni ca
śayyāḥ ca sarvopakaraṇāni ca rājñe dadyuḥ
36. ...foods, and drinks they should offer to the king, along with houses, and seats, and beds, and all necessary provisions.
गुप्तात्मा स्याद्दुराधर्षः स्मितपूर्वाभिभाषिता ।
आभाषितश्च मधुरं प्रतिभाषेत मानवान् ॥३७॥
37. guptātmā syāddurādharṣaḥ smitapūrvābhibhāṣitā ,
ābhāṣitaśca madhuraṁ pratibhāṣeta mānavān.
37. guptātmā syāt durādharṣaḥ smitapūrvābhibhāṣitā
ābhāṣitaḥ ca madhuram pratibhāṣeta mānavān
37. guptātmā durādharṣaḥ smitapūrvābhibhāṣitā ca
syāt ābhāṣitaḥ ca mānavān madhuram pratibhāṣeta
37. One should maintain a guarded demeanor (ātman) and be unassailable, always speaking with a preliminary smile. And when addressed, one should respond to people sweetly.
कृतज्ञो दृढभक्तिः स्यात्संविभागी जितेन्द्रियः ।
ईक्षितः प्रतिवीक्षेत मृदु चर्जु च वल्गु च ॥३८॥
38. kṛtajño dṛḍhabhaktiḥ syātsaṁvibhāgī jitendriyaḥ ,
īkṣitaḥ prativīkṣeta mṛdu carju ca valgu ca.
38. kṛtajñaḥ dṛḍhabhaktiḥ syāt saṃvibhāgī jitendriyaḥ
| īkṣitaḥ prativīkṣeta mṛdu ca ṛju ca valgu ca
38. kṛtajñaḥ dṛḍhabhaktiḥ saṃvibhāgī jitendriyaḥ syāt
īkṣitaḥ mṛdu ca ṛju ca valgu ca prativīkṣeta
38. A person should be grateful, possess firm devotion (bhakti), be willing to share, and have conquered their senses. When observed by others, they should respond gently, honestly, and pleasingly.