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महाभारतः       mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-30

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भीष्म उवाच ।
एवमुक्तो मतङ्गस्तु भृशं शोकपरायणः ।
अतिष्ठत गयां गत्वा सोऽङ्गुष्ठेन शतं समाः ॥१॥
1. bhīṣma uvāca ,
evamukto mataṅgastu bhṛśaṁ śokaparāyaṇaḥ ,
atiṣṭhata gayāṁ gatvā so'ṅguṣṭhena śataṁ samāḥ.
1. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca evam uktaḥ mataṅgaḥ tu bhṛśam śokaparāyaṇaḥ
atiṣṭhata gayām gatvā saḥ aṅguṣṭhena śatam samāḥ
1. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca evam uktaḥ tu bhṛśam śokaparāyaṇaḥ mataṅgaḥ
gayām gatvā saḥ aṅguṣṭhena śatam samāḥ atiṣṭhata
1. Bhishma said: Thus addressed, Matanga, who was deeply overcome by sorrow, went to Gaya and stood there for a hundred years, supported only on his thumb.
सुदुष्करं वहन्योगं कृशो धमनिसंततः ।
त्वगस्थिभूतो धर्मात्मा स पपातेति नः श्रुतम् ॥२॥
2. suduṣkaraṁ vahanyogaṁ kṛśo dhamanisaṁtataḥ ,
tvagasthibhūto dharmātmā sa papāteti naḥ śrutam.
2. suduṣkaram vahan yogam kṛśaḥ dhamanisaṃtataḥ
tvagasthibhūtaḥ dharmātmā saḥ papāta iti naḥ śrutam
2. suduṣkaram yogam vahan kṛśaḥ dhamanisaṃtataḥ
tvagasthibhūtaḥ dharmātmā saḥ papāta iti naḥ śrutam
2. Performing a very difficult austerity (yoga), he became emaciated and covered with veins, reduced to skin and bones. That righteous (dharma) soul fell, so we have heard.
तं पतन्तमभिद्रुत्य परिजग्राह वासवः ।
वराणामीश्वरो दाता सर्वभूतहिते रतः ॥३॥
3. taṁ patantamabhidrutya parijagrāha vāsavaḥ ,
varāṇāmīśvaro dātā sarvabhūtahite rataḥ.
3. tam patantam abhidrutya parijagrāha vāsavaḥ
varāṇām īśvaraḥ dātā sarvabhūtahite rataḥ
3. vāsavaḥ varāṇām īśvaraḥ dātā sarvabhūtahite
rataḥ tam patantam abhidrutya parijagrāha
3. Indra, the lord and bestower of boons, devoted to the well-being of all creatures, rushed towards him as he was falling and caught him.
शक्र उवाच ।
मतङ्ग ब्राह्मणत्वं ते संवृतं परिपन्थिभिः ।
पूजयन्सुखमाप्नोति दुःखमाप्नोत्यपूजयन् ॥४॥
4. śakra uvāca ,
mataṅga brāhmaṇatvaṁ te saṁvṛtaṁ paripanthibhiḥ ,
pūjayansukhamāpnoti duḥkhamāpnotyapūjayan.
4. śakra uvāca mataṅga brāhmaṇatvaṃ te saṃvṛtaṃ paripanthibhiḥ
pūjayan sukhaṃ āpnoti duḥkhaṃ āpnoti apūjayan
4. śakra uvāca mataṅga te brāhmaṇatvaṃ paripanthibhiḥ
saṃvṛtam pūjayan sukhaṃ āpnoti apūjayan duḥkhaṃ āpnoti
4. Indra said, "O Matanga, your brahmin status has been obscured by those who oppose you. By honoring it, one attains happiness; by not honoring it, one attains sorrow."
ब्राह्मणे सर्वभूतानां योगक्षेमः समाहितः ।
ब्राह्मणेभ्योऽनुतृप्यन्ति पितरो देवतास्तथा ॥५॥
5. brāhmaṇe sarvabhūtānāṁ yogakṣemaḥ samāhitaḥ ,
brāhmaṇebhyo'nutṛpyanti pitaro devatāstathā.
5. brāhmaṇe sarvabhūtānāṃ yogakṣemaḥ samāhitaḥ
brāhmaṇebhyaḥ anutṛpyanti pitaraḥ devatāḥ tathā
5. sarvabhūtānāṃ yogakṣemaḥ brāhmaṇe samāhitaḥ
tathā pitaraḥ devatāḥ brāhmaṇebhyaḥ anutṛpyanti
5. The welfare (yogakṣema) of all beings is established in the brahmin. The ancestors (pitaraḥ) and the deities alike are satisfied through brahmins.
ब्राह्मणः सर्वभूतानां मतङ्ग पर उच्यते ।
ब्राह्मणः कुरुते तद्धि यथा यद्यच्च वाञ्छति ॥६॥
6. brāhmaṇaḥ sarvabhūtānāṁ mataṅga para ucyate ,
brāhmaṇaḥ kurute taddhi yathā yadyacca vāñchati.
6. brāhmaṇaḥ sarvabhūtānāṃ mataṅga paraḥ ucyate
brāhmaṇaḥ kurute tat hi yathā yat yat ca vāñchati
6. mataṅga brāhmaṇaḥ sarvabhūtānāṃ paraḥ ucyate
brāhmaṇaḥ hi tat kurute yathā yat yat ca vāñchati
6. O Matanga, the brahmin is declared supreme among all beings. Indeed, a brahmin accomplishes whatever he desires.
बह्वीस्तु संसरन्योनीर्जायमानः पुनः पुनः ।
पर्याये तात कस्मिंश्चिद्ब्राह्मण्यमिह विन्दति ॥७॥
7. bahvīstu saṁsaranyonīrjāyamānaḥ punaḥ punaḥ ,
paryāye tāta kasmiṁścidbrāhmaṇyamiha vindati.
7. bahvīḥ tu saṃsaran yonīḥ jāyamānaḥ punaḥ punaḥ
paryāye tāta kasmin cit brāhmaṇyaṃ iha vindati
7. tāta bahvīḥ yonīḥ punaḥ punaḥ jāyamānaḥ saṃsaran
kasmin cit paryāye iha brāhmaṇyaṃ vindati
7. After wandering through many states of being (yonī), repeatedly being born, O dear one, one obtains brahminhood in this world in some cycle (saṃsāra).
मतङ्ग उवाच ।
किं मां तुदसि दुःखार्तं मृतं मारयसे च माम् ।
तं तु शोचामि यो लब्ध्वा ब्राह्मण्यं न बुभूषते ॥८॥
8. mataṅga uvāca ,
kiṁ māṁ tudasi duḥkhārtaṁ mṛtaṁ mārayase ca mām ,
taṁ tu śocāmi yo labdhvā brāhmaṇyaṁ na bubhūṣate.
8. matangaḥ uvāca kim mām tudasi duḥkhārtam mṛtam mārayase
ca mām tam tu śocāmi yaḥ labdhvā brāhmaṇyam na bubhūṣate
8. matangaḥ uvāca kim mām duḥkhārtam mṛtam ca mām tudasi
mārayase tu tam śocāmi yaḥ brāhmaṇyam labdhvā na bubhūṣate
8. Matanga said: 'Why do you torment me, who am afflicted with sorrow? Are you trying to kill me, who is already dead? Indeed, I lament for that person who, having obtained the state of a brahmin, does not desire to embody its intrinsic nature (dharma).'
ब्राह्मण्यं यदि दुष्प्रापं त्रिभिर्वर्णैः शतक्रतो ।
सुदुर्लभं तदावाप्य नानुतिष्ठन्ति मानवाः ॥९॥
9. brāhmaṇyaṁ yadi duṣprāpaṁ tribhirvarṇaiḥ śatakrato ,
sudurlabhaṁ tadāvāpya nānutiṣṭhanti mānavāḥ.
9. brāhmaṇyam yadi duṣprāpam tribhiḥ varṇaiḥ śatakrato
sudurlabham tadā avāpya na anutiṣṭhanti mānavāḥ
9. śatakrato yadi brāhmaṇyam tribhiḥ varṇaiḥ duṣprāpam
tadā sudurlabham avāpya mānavāḥ na anutiṣṭhanti
9. O Śatakratu, if the state of a brahmin (brāhmaṇya) is difficult for the three social classes (varṇas) to attain, and is therefore extremely rare, [then why is it that] having acquired it, people do not properly adhere to its principles (dharma)?
यः पापेभ्यः पापतमस्तेषामधम एव सः ।
ब्राह्मण्यं योऽवजानीते धनं लब्ध्वेव दुर्लभम् ॥१०॥
10. yaḥ pāpebhyaḥ pāpatamasteṣāmadhama eva saḥ ,
brāhmaṇyaṁ yo'vajānīte dhanaṁ labdhveva durlabham.
10. yaḥ pāpebhyaḥ pāpatamaḥ teṣām adhamaḥ eva saḥ
brāhmaṇyam yaḥ avajānīte dhanam labdhvā iva durlabham
10. yaḥ pāpebhyaḥ pāpatamaḥ saḥ eva teṣām adhamaḥ yaḥ
durlabham dhanam labdhvā iva brāhmaṇyam avajānīte
10. He who is the most sinful among sinners, he is indeed the lowest of them. Such is the one who despises the state of a brahmin (brāhmaṇya), just as one might scorn rare wealth after having obtained it.
दुष्प्रापं खलु विप्रत्वं प्राप्तं दुरनुपालनम् ।
दुरवापमवाप्यैतन्नानुतिष्ठन्ति मानवाः ॥११॥
11. duṣprāpaṁ khalu vipratvaṁ prāptaṁ duranupālanam ,
duravāpamavāpyaitannānutiṣṭhanti mānavāḥ.
11. duṣprāpam khalu vipratvam prāptam duranupālanam
duravāpam avāpya etat na anutiṣṭhanti mānavāḥ
11. khalu vipratvam duṣprāpam prāptam duranupālanam
mānavāḥ duravāpam etat avāpya na anutiṣṭhanti
11. Indeed, the state of a brahmin (vipratva) is difficult to achieve, and once attained, it is hard to properly maintain. Having acquired this exceedingly difficult-to-obtain status, people do not adhere to its principles (dharma).
एकारामो ह्यहं शक्र निर्द्वंद्वो निष्परिग्रहः ।
अहिंसादमदानस्थः कथं नार्हामि विप्रताम् ॥१२॥
12. ekārāmo hyahaṁ śakra nirdvaṁdvo niṣparigrahaḥ ,
ahiṁsādamadānasthaḥ kathaṁ nārhāmi vipratām.
12. ekārāmaḥ hi aham śakra nirdvandvaḥ niṣparigrahaḥ
ahiṃsādamadānasthaḥ kathaṃ na arhāmi vipratām
12. śakra aham hi ekārāmaḥ nirdvandvaḥ niṣparigrahaḥ
ahiṃsādamadānasthaḥ kathaṃ vipratām na arhāmi
12. O Śakra, I am indeed content in solitude, free from dualities, and without possessions. Steadfast in non-violence, self-restraint, and generosity (dāna), how could I not be worthy of being a brahmin?
यथाकामविहारी स्यां कामरूपी विहंगमः ।
ब्रह्मक्षत्राविरोधेन पूजां च प्राप्नुयामहम् ।
यथा ममाक्षया कीर्तिर्भवेच्चापि पुरंदर ॥१३॥
13. yathākāmavihārī syāṁ kāmarūpī vihaṁgamaḥ ,
brahmakṣatrāvirodhena pūjāṁ ca prāpnuyāmaham ,
yathā mamākṣayā kīrtirbhaveccāpi puraṁdara.
13. yathākāmavihārī syām kāmarūpī
vihaṃgamaḥ brahmakṣatrāvirodhena pūjām
ca prāpnuyām aham yathā mama
akṣayā kīrtiḥ bhavet ca api purandara
13. purandara aham yathākāmavihārī
kāmarūpī vihaṃgamaḥ syām
brahmakṣatrāvirodhena pūjām ca prāpnuyām
yathā mama akṣayā kīrtiḥ api bhavet
13. O Purandara (Indra), I wish to become a bird that can roam freely as it desires and assume any form it wishes. May I also receive honor without opposition from the brahmins and kshatriyas, and may my glory be imperishable.
इन्द्र उवाच ।
छन्दोदेव इति ख्यातः स्त्रीणां पूज्यो भविष्यसि ॥१४॥
14. indra uvāca ,
chandodeva iti khyātaḥ strīṇāṁ pūjyo bhaviṣyasi.
14. indraḥ uvāca chandodevaḥ iti
khyātaḥ strīṇām pūjyaḥ bhaviṣyasi
14. indraḥ uvāca chandodevaḥ iti
khyātaḥ strīṇām pūjyaḥ bhaviṣyasi
14. Indra said: 'You will be known as Chandodeva and be worshiped by women.'
भीष्म उवाच ।
एवं तस्मै वरं दत्त्वा वासवोऽन्तरधीयत ।
प्राणांस्त्यक्त्वा मतङ्गोऽपि प्राप तत्स्थानमुत्तमम् ॥१५॥
15. bhīṣma uvāca ,
evaṁ tasmai varaṁ dattvā vāsavo'ntaradhīyata ,
prāṇāṁstyaktvā mataṅgo'pi prāpa tatsthānamuttamam.
15. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca evam tasmai varam dattvā vāsavaḥ antaradhīyata
prāṇān tyaktvā mataṅgaḥ api prāpa tat sthānam uttamam
15. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca evam tasmai varam dattvā vāsavaḥ antaradhīyata
mataṅgaḥ api prāṇān tyaktvā tat uttamam sthānam prāpa
15. Bhishma said: 'Having thus granted him a boon, Vasava (Indra) disappeared. Matanga, having also relinquished his life, attained that supreme state.'
एवमेतत्परं स्थानं ब्राह्मण्यं नाम भारत ।
तच्च दुष्प्रापमिह वै महेन्द्रवचनं यथा ॥१६॥
16. evametatparaṁ sthānaṁ brāhmaṇyaṁ nāma bhārata ,
tacca duṣprāpamiha vai mahendravacanaṁ yathā.
16. evam etat param sthānam brāhmaṇyam nāma bhārata
tat ca duṣprāpam iha vai mahendravacanam yathā
16. bhārata nāma etat param sthānam brāhmaṇyam evam
ca tat vai duṣprāpam iha yathā mahendravacanam
16. O Bhārata, this state known as brahminhood (brāhmaṇyam) is indeed the supreme position. Furthermore, it is very difficult to attain in this world, just as Mahendra's (Indra's) word is difficult to secure.