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महाभारतः       mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-120

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युधिष्ठिर उवाच ।
राजवृत्तान्यनेकानि त्वया प्रोक्तानि भारत ।
पूर्वैः पूर्वनियुक्तानि राजधर्मार्थवेदिभिः ॥१॥
1. yudhiṣṭhira uvāca ,
rājavṛttānyanekāni tvayā proktāni bhārata ,
pūrvaiḥ pūrvaniyuktāni rājadharmārthavedibhiḥ.
1. yudhiṣṭhiraḥ uvāca rājavṛttāni anekāni tvayā proktāni
bhārata pūrvaiḥ pūrvanijuktāni rājadharmārthavedibhiḥ
1. yudhiṣṭhiraḥ uvāca bhārata tvayā anekāni rājavṛttāni
proktāni pūrvaiḥ rājadharmārthavedibhiḥ pūrvanijuktāni
1. Yudhishthira said: O Bharata, you have spoken of many kinds of royal conduct, which were previously established by the ancients, by those who knew the meaning of the natural law (dharma) for kings.
तदेव विस्तरेणोक्तं पूर्वैर्दृष्टं सतां मतम् ।
प्रणयं राजधर्माणां प्रब्रूहि भरतर्षभ ॥२॥
2. tadeva vistareṇoktaṁ pūrvairdṛṣṭaṁ satāṁ matam ,
praṇayaṁ rājadharmāṇāṁ prabrūhi bharatarṣabha.
2. tat eva vistareṇa uktam pūrvaiḥ dṛṣṭam satām matam
praṇayam rājadharmāṇām prabrūhi bharatarṣabha
2. bharatarṣabha tat eva vistareṇa uktam pūrvaiḥ dṛṣṭam
satām matam ca rājadharmāṇām praṇayam prabrūhi
2. That very topic has been extensively spoken of, observed by previous generations, and approved by the virtuous. O best of Bharatas, please explain the essence of the natural laws (dharma) for kings.
भीष्म उवाच ।
रक्षणं सर्वभूतानामिति क्षत्रे परं मतम् ।
तद्यथा रक्षणं कुर्यात्तथा शृणु महीपते ॥३॥
3. bhīṣma uvāca ,
rakṣaṇaṁ sarvabhūtānāmiti kṣatre paraṁ matam ,
tadyathā rakṣaṇaṁ kuryāttathā śṛṇu mahīpate.
3. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca rakṣaṇam sarvabhūtānām iti kṣatre param
matam tat yathā rakṣaṇam kuryāt tathā śṛṇu mahīpate
3. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca kṣatre sarvabhūtānām rakṣaṇam iti param
matam tat mahīpate yathā rakṣaṇam kuryāt tathā śṛṇu
3. Bhishma said: 'The protection of all beings' is considered the supreme natural law (dharma) for the warrior (kṣatra) class. Therefore, O king, listen to how one should provide such protection.
यथा बर्हाणि चित्राणि बिभर्ति भुजगाशनः ।
तथा बहुविधं राजा रूपं कुर्वीत धर्मवित् ॥४॥
4. yathā barhāṇi citrāṇi bibharti bhujagāśanaḥ ,
tathā bahuvidhaṁ rājā rūpaṁ kurvīta dharmavit.
4. yathā barhāṇi citrāṇi bibharti bhujagāśanaḥ
tathā bahuvidham rājā rūpam kurvīta dharmavit
4. yathā bhujagāśanaḥ citrāṇi barhāṇi bibharti
tathā dharmavit rājā bahuvidham rūpam kurvīta
4. Just as a peacock displays colorful feathers, so too should a king, who understands natural law (dharma), assume many different roles or forms.
तैक्ष्ण्यं जिह्मत्वमादान्त्यं सत्यमार्जवमेव च ।
मध्यस्थः सत्त्वमातिष्ठंस्तथा वै सुखमृच्छति ॥५॥
5. taikṣṇyaṁ jihmatvamādāntyaṁ satyamārjavameva ca ,
madhyasthaḥ sattvamātiṣṭhaṁstathā vai sukhamṛcchati.
5. taikṣṇyam jihmatvam ādāntyam satyam ārjavam eva ca
madhyasthaḥ sattvam ātiṣṭhan tathā vai sukham ṛcchati
5. madhyasthaḥ sattvam ātiṣṭhan eva ca taikṣṇyam jihmatvam
ādāntyam satyam ārjavam tathā vai sukham ṛcchati
5. By employing keenness, astuteness, an unyielding nature, truthfulness, and straightforwardness, and by remaining impartial and firm in spirit, one indeed attains happiness.
यस्मिन्नर्थे हितं यत्स्यात्तद्वर्णं रूपमाविशेत् ।
बहुरूपस्य राज्ञो हि सूक्ष्मोऽप्यर्थो न सीदति ॥६॥
6. yasminnarthe hitaṁ yatsyāttadvarṇaṁ rūpamāviśet ,
bahurūpasya rājño hi sūkṣmo'pyartho na sīdati.
6. yasmin arthe hitam yat syāt tat varṇam rūpam āviśet
bahurūpasya rājñaḥ hi sūkṣmaḥ api arthaḥ na sīdati
6. yasmin arthe yat hitam syāt,
tat varṇam rūpam āviśet.
hi bahurūpasya rājñaḥ sūkṣmaḥ api arthaḥ na sīdati
6. In whichever matter whatever is beneficial, that guise and form one should assume. For, indeed, even a subtle matter (artha) of a versatile king does not fail.
नित्यं रक्षितमन्त्रः स्याद्यथा मूकः शरच्छिखी ।
श्लक्ष्णाक्षरतनुः श्रीमान्भवेच्छास्त्रविशारदः ॥७॥
7. nityaṁ rakṣitamantraḥ syādyathā mūkaḥ śaracchikhī ,
ślakṣṇākṣaratanuḥ śrīmānbhavecchāstraviśāradaḥ.
7. nityam rakṣitamantraḥ syāt yathā mūkaḥ śaracchikhī
ślakṣṇākṣaratanuḥ śrīmān bhavet śāstraviśāradaḥ
7. nityam rakṣitamantraḥ syāt yathā mūkaḥ śaracchikhī.
ślakṣṇākṣaratanuḥ śrīmān śāstraviśāradaḥ bhavet
7. One should always be one whose counsel (mantra) is kept secret, just as a peacock in autumn remains silent. He should be eloquent and glorious, skilled in the scriptures (śāstra).
आपद्द्वारेषु यत्तः स्याज्जलप्रस्रवणेष्विव ।
शैलवर्षोदकानीव द्विजान्सिद्धान्समाश्रयेत् ॥८॥
8. āpaddvāreṣu yattaḥ syājjalaprasravaṇeṣviva ,
śailavarṣodakānīva dvijānsiddhānsamāśrayet.
8. āpaddvāreṣu yattaḥ syāt jalaprasravaṇeṣu iva
śailavarṣodakāni iva dvijān siddhān samāśrayet
8. yattaḥ syāt āpaddvāreṣu jalaprasravaṇeṣu iva
siddhān dvijān śailavarṣodakāni iva samāśrayet
8. One should be vigilant and attentive concerning avenues of danger, just as one is careful with water outlets. One should seek refuge in perfected sages (dvija), just as one would depend on mountain rainwater.
अर्थकामः शिखां राजा कुर्याद्धर्मध्वजोपमाम् ।
नित्यमुद्यतदण्डः स्यादाचरेच्चाप्रमादतः ।
लोके चायव्ययौ दृष्ट्वा वृक्षाद्वृक्षमिवाप्लवन् ॥९॥
9. arthakāmaḥ śikhāṁ rājā kuryāddharmadhvajopamām ,
nityamudyatadaṇḍaḥ syādācareccāpramādataḥ ,
loke cāyavyayau dṛṣṭvā vṛkṣādvṛkṣamivāplavan.
9. arthakāmaḥ śikhām rājā kuryāt
dharmadhvajopamām nityam udyatadaṇḍaḥ syāt
ācaret ca apramādataḥ loke ca āyavyayau
dṛṣṭvā vṛkṣāt vṛkṣam iva āplavan
9. rājā arthakāmaḥ dharmadhvajopamām śikhām
kuryāt ca nityam udyatadaṇḍaḥ syāt
ca apramādataḥ ācaret ca loke āyavyayau
dṛṣṭvā vṛkṣāt vṛkṣam iva āplavan
9. A king, seeking prosperity (artha), should uphold a visible emblem (śikhā) that symbolizes his adherence to the constitution (dharma). He should always be ready to exercise authority and act without negligence. Observing the income and expenditure within his realm, he should adapt swiftly, like (a monkey) leaping from tree to tree.
मृजावान्स्यात्स्वयूथ्येषु भावानि चरणैः क्षिपेत् ।
जातपक्षः परिस्पन्देद्रक्षेद्वैकल्यमात्मनः ॥१०॥
10. mṛjāvānsyātsvayūthyeṣu bhāvāni caraṇaiḥ kṣipet ,
jātapakṣaḥ parispandedrakṣedvaikalyamātmanaḥ.
10. mṛjāvān syāt svayūthyeṣu bhāvāni caraṇaiḥ kṣipet
jātapakṣaḥ parispandet rakṣet vaikalyaṃ ātmanaḥ
10. svayūthyeṣu mṛjāvān syāt caraṇaiḥ bhāvāni kṣipet
jātapakṣaḥ parispandet ca ātmanaḥ vaikalyaṃ rakṣet
10. Among one's own group, one should be pure and upright. One should express one's intentions through one's actions. Having gained strength (like one who has grown wings), one should be active and protect one's own self (ātman) from weakness.
दोषान्विवृणुयाच्छत्रोः परपक्षान्विधूनयेत् ।
काननेष्विव पुष्पाणि बर्हीवार्थान्समाचरेत् ॥११॥
11. doṣānvivṛṇuyācchatroḥ parapakṣānvidhūnayet ,
kānaneṣviva puṣpāṇi barhīvārthānsamācaret.
11. doṣān vivṛṇuyāt śatroḥ parapakṣān vidhūnayet
kānaneṣu iva puṣpāṇi barhī iva arthān samācaret
11. śatroḥ doṣān vivṛṇuyāt ca parapakṣān vidhūnayet ca
kānaneṣu iva puṣpāṇi barhī iva arthān samācaret
11. One should expose the enemy's faults and disrupt opposing factions. One should gather resources (artha) like one collects flowers in a forest, and manage one's interests (artha) with the keenness of a peacock.
उच्छ्रितानाश्रयेत्स्फीतान्नरेन्द्रानचलोपमान् ।
श्रयेच्छायामविज्ञातां गुप्तं शरणमाश्रयेत् ॥१२॥
12. ucchritānāśrayetsphītānnarendrānacalopamān ,
śrayecchāyāmavijñātāṁ guptaṁ śaraṇamāśrayet.
12. ucchritān āśrayet sphītān narendrān acalopamān
| śrayet chāyām avijñātām guptam śaraṇam āśrayet
12. ucchritān sphītān acalopamān narendrān āśrayet
avijñātām chāyām śrayet guptam śaraṇam āśrayet
12. One should seek refuge with prominent, prosperous rulers who are as steadfast as mountains. Furthermore, one should resort to an unknown, hidden protection and take shelter in a secret refuge.
प्रावृषीवासितग्रीवो मज्जेत निशि निर्जने ।
मायूरेण गुणेनैव स्त्रीभिश्चालक्षितश्चरेत् ।
न जह्याच्च तनुत्राणं रक्षेदात्मानमात्मना ॥१३॥
13. prāvṛṣīvāsitagrīvo majjeta niśi nirjane ,
māyūreṇa guṇenaiva strībhiścālakṣitaścaret ,
na jahyācca tanutrāṇaṁ rakṣedātmānamātmanā.
13. prāvṛṣi iva asitagrīvaḥ majjeta niśi
nirjane | māyūreṇa guṇena eva
strībhiḥ ca alakṣitaḥ caret | na jahyāt
ca tanutrāṇam rakṣet ātmānam ātmanā
13. prāvṛṣi asitagrīvaḥ iva niśi nirjane
majjeta māyūreṇa guṇena eva
strībhiḥ ca alakṣitaḥ caret ca tanutrāṇam
na jahyāt ātmanā ātmānam rakṣet
13. One should disappear at night in a desolate place, like a black-necked (asita-grīva) peacock in the rainy season. Indeed, with the quality of a peacock (māyūra), one should move about unobserved, even by women. One should not abandon one's body armor, and one should protect one's self (ātman) by one's own self (ātman).
चारभूमिष्वभिगमान्पाशांश्च परिवर्जयेत् ।
पीडयेच्चापि तां भूमिं प्रणश्येद्गहने पुनः ॥१४॥
14. cārabhūmiṣvabhigamānpāśāṁśca parivarjayet ,
pīḍayeccāpi tāṁ bhūmiṁ praṇaśyedgahane punaḥ.
14. cārabhūmiṣu abhigamān pāśān ca parivarjayet |
pīḍayet ca api tām bhūmim praṇaśyet gahane punaḥ
14. cārabhūmiṣu abhigamān ca pāśān parivarjayet ca
api tām bhūmim pīḍayet punaḥ gahane praṇaśyet
14. One should avoid approaches and snares in the territories (cāra-bhūmi) used by spies. And one should harass that land, then disappear again into the dense wilderness.
हन्यात्क्रुद्धानतिविषान्ये जिह्मगतयोऽहितान् ।
नाश्रयेद्बालबर्हाणि सन्निवासानि वासयेत् ॥१५॥
15. hanyātkruddhānativiṣānye jihmagatayo'hitān ,
nāśrayedbālabarhāṇi sannivāsāni vāsayet.
15. hanyāt kruddhān ativiṣān ye jihmagatayaḥ ahitān
| na āśrayet bālabarhāṇi sannivāsāni vāsayet
15. ye kruddhān ativiṣān jihmagatayaḥ ahitān (tān)
hanyāt bālabarhāṇi na āśrayet sannivāsāni vāsayet
15. One should kill those enemies (ahita) who are angry, very poisonous (ativiṣa), and move crookedly. One should not rely on young, immature peacocks (bāla-barha). One should establish one's own agents in dwelling places.
सदा बर्हिनिभः कामं प्रसक्तिकृतमाचरेत् ।
सर्वतश्चाददेत्प्रज्ञां पतंगान्गहनेष्विव ।
एवं मयूरवद्राजा स्वराष्ट्रं परिपालयेत् ॥१६॥
16. sadā barhinibhaḥ kāmaṁ prasaktikṛtamācaret ,
sarvataścādadetprajñāṁ pataṁgāngahaneṣviva ,
evaṁ mayūravadrājā svarāṣṭraṁ paripālayet.
16. sadā barhinibhaḥ kāmam prasaktikṛtam
ācaret sarvataḥ ca ādadet
prajñām pataṅgān gahaneṣu iva evam
mayūravat rājā svarāṣṭram paripālayet
16. rājā sadā mayūravat barhinibhaḥ
kāmam prasaktikṛtam ācaret ca sarvataḥ
gahaneṣu pataṅgān iva prajñām
ādadet evam svarāṣṭram paripālayet
16. A king should always act diligently as required, like a peacock. He should gather wisdom from all sides, just as a peacock collects insects from dense thickets. In this way, like a peacock, the king should protect his own kingdom.
आत्मवृद्धिकरीं नीतिं विदधीत विचक्षणः ।
आत्मसंयमनं बुद्ध्या परबुद्ध्यावतारणम् ।
बुद्ध्या चात्मगुणप्राप्तिरेतच्छास्त्रनिदर्शनम् ॥१७॥
17. ātmavṛddhikarīṁ nītiṁ vidadhīta vicakṣaṇaḥ ,
ātmasaṁyamanaṁ buddhyā parabuddhyāvatāraṇam ,
buddhyā cātmaguṇaprāptiretacchāstranidarśanam.
17. ātmavṛddhikarīm nītim vidadhīta
vicakṣaṇaḥ ātmasaṃyamanam buddhyā
parabuddhyāvatāraṇam buddhyā ca
ātmaguṇaprāptiḥ etat śāstranidarśanam
17. vicakṣaṇaḥ ātmavṛddhikarīm nītim
vidadhīta buddhyā ātmasaṃyamanam buddhyā
ca parabuddhyāvatāraṇam buddhyā
ātmaguṇaprāptiḥ etat śāstranidarśanam
17. A discerning person should adopt a policy that promotes his own advancement (ātman). Self-control through intellect, and comprehending the intellect of others, along with the attainment of one's own virtues through intellect—this is the instruction of the scriptures.
परं चाश्वासयेत्साम्ना स्वशक्तिं चोपलक्षयेत् ।
आत्मनः परिमर्शेन बुद्धिं बुद्ध्या विचारयेत् ।
सान्त्वयोगमतिः प्राज्ञः कार्याकार्यविचारकः ॥१८॥
18. paraṁ cāśvāsayetsāmnā svaśaktiṁ copalakṣayet ,
ātmanaḥ parimarśena buddhiṁ buddhyā vicārayet ,
sāntvayogamatiḥ prājñaḥ kāryākāryavicārakaḥ.
18. param ca āśvāsayet sāmnā svaśaktim
ca upalakṣayet ātmanaḥ parimarśena
buddhim buddhyā vicārayet
sāntvayogamatiḥ prājñaḥ kāryākāryavicārakaḥ
18. prājñaḥ param sāmnā ca āśvāsayet ca
svaśaktim upalakṣayet ātmanaḥ
parimarśena buddhyā buddhim vicārayet
sāntvayogamatiḥ kāryākāryavicārakaḥ
18. One should reassure others with gentle words and discern one's own capability (śakti). Through self-reflection (ātman), one should analyze one's own intellect with insight. A wise person, whose mind is skilled in conciliation (yoga), is capable of discerning what is to be done and what is not to be done.
निगूढबुद्धिर्धीरः स्याद्वक्तव्ये वक्ष्यते तथा ।
संनिकृष्टां कथां प्राज्ञो यदि बुद्ध्या बृहस्पतिः ।
स्वभावमेष्यते तप्तं कृष्णायसमिवोदके ॥१९॥
19. nigūḍhabuddhirdhīraḥ syādvaktavye vakṣyate tathā ,
saṁnikṛṣṭāṁ kathāṁ prājño yadi buddhyā bṛhaspatiḥ ,
svabhāvameṣyate taptaṁ kṛṣṇāyasamivodake.
19. nigūḍhabuddhiḥ dhīraḥ syāt vaktavye
vakṣyate tathā saṃnikṛṣṭām kathām
prājñaḥ yadi buddhyā bṛhaspatiḥ svabhāvam
eṣyate taptam kṛṣṇāyasam iva udake
19. (puruṣaḥ) nigūḍhabuddhiḥ dhīraḥ syāt
vaktavye tathā vakṣyate yadi buddhyā
bṛhaspatiḥ prājñaḥ saṃnikṛṣṭām kathām eṣyate
svabhāvam taptam kṛṣṇāyasam iva udake
19. One should be subtle-minded and steadfast. What is to be stated should be expressed appropriately. If a wise person, whose intellect is like (that of) Brihaspati, examines a relevant subject, he will grasp its intrinsic nature (svabhāva), just as heated black iron (reveals its essence) when plunged into water.
अनुयुञ्जीत कृत्यानि सर्वाण्येव महीपतिः ।
आगमैरुपदिष्टानि स्वस्य चैव परस्य च ॥२०॥
20. anuyuñjīta kṛtyāni sarvāṇyeva mahīpatiḥ ,
āgamairupadiṣṭāni svasya caiva parasya ca.
20. anuyuñjīta kṛtyāni sarvāṇi eva mahīpatiḥ
āgamaiḥ upadiṣṭāni svasya ca eva parasya ca
20. mahīpatiḥ āgamaiḥ upadiṣṭāni svasya ca eva
parasya ca sarvāṇi eva kṛtyāni anuyuñjīta
20. A king should diligently apply himself to all prescribed tasks, both those concerning himself and those concerning others, as laid down in the traditional texts (āgamas).
क्षुद्रं क्रूरं तथा प्राज्ञं शूरं चार्थविशारदम् ।
स्वकर्मणि नियुञ्जीत ये चान्ये वचनाधिकाः ॥२१॥
21. kṣudraṁ krūraṁ tathā prājñaṁ śūraṁ cārthaviśāradam ,
svakarmaṇi niyuñjīta ye cānye vacanādhikāḥ.
21. kṣudram krūram tathā prājñam śūram ca arthaviśāradam
svakarmaṇi niyuñjīta ye ca anye vacanādhikāḥ
21. saḥ kṣudram krūram tathā prājñam śūram ca arthaviśāradam
ye ca anye vacanādhikāḥ tān svakarmaṇi niyuñjīta
21. The king should appoint to their respective duties individuals who are petty, cruel, wise, brave, and expert in practical affairs, and also any others who are authoritative in their speech.
अप्यदृष्ट्वा नियुक्तानि अनुरूपेषु कर्मसु ।
सर्वांस्ताननुवर्तेत स्वरांस्तन्त्रीरिवायता ॥२२॥
22. apyadṛṣṭvā niyuktāni anurūpeṣu karmasu ,
sarvāṁstānanuvarteta svarāṁstantrīrivāyatā.
22. api adṛṣṭvā niyuktāni anurūpeṣu karmasu sarvān
tān anuvarteta svarān tantrīḥ iva āyatā
22. saḥ api anurūpeṣu karmasu niyuktāni tān sarvān
adṛṣṭvā (api) svarān tantrīḥ iva āyatā anuvarteta
22. Even if he has not personally overseen their appointment to appropriate tasks, the king should respect the work of all his officials, just as strings are stretched and tuned to produce musical notes.
धर्माणामविरोधेन सर्वेषां प्रियमाचरेत् ।
ममायमिति राजा यः स पर्वत इवाचलः ॥२३॥
23. dharmāṇāmavirodhena sarveṣāṁ priyamācaret ,
mamāyamiti rājā yaḥ sa parvata ivācalaḥ.
23. dharmāṇām avirodhena sarveṣām priyam ācaret
mama ayam iti rājā yaḥ saḥ parvataḥ iva acalaḥ
23. saḥ dharmāṇām sarveṣām avirodhena priyam ācaret.
yaḥ rājā ayam mama iti (manyate) saḥ parvataḥ iva acalaḥ (bhavati).
23. Without conflicting with the natural laws (dharmas) of all beings, he should do what is pleasing to everyone. A king who thinks 'this realm is mine' is as unshakeable as a mountain.
व्यवसायं समाधाय सूर्यो रश्मिमिवायताम् ।
धर्ममेवाभिरक्षेत कृत्वा तुल्ये प्रियाप्रिये ॥२४॥
24. vyavasāyaṁ samādhāya sūryo raśmimivāyatām ,
dharmamevābhirakṣeta kṛtvā tulye priyāpriye.
24. vyavasāyam samādhāya sūryaḥ raśmim iva āyatām
dharmam eva abhirakṣeta kṛtvā tulye priyāpriye
24. vyavasāyam samādhāya sūryaḥ raśmim iva āyatām
dharmam eva abhirakṣeta priyāpriye tulye kṛtvā
24. Just as the sun steadfastly extends its rays, one should, by firmly establishing one's resolve, protect the natural law (dharma), treating both pleasant and unpleasant circumstances with equanimity.
कुलप्रकृतिदेशानां धर्मज्ञान्मृदुभाषिणः ।
मध्ये वयसि निर्दोषान्हिते युक्ताञ्जितेन्द्रियान् ॥२५॥
25. kulaprakṛtideśānāṁ dharmajñānmṛdubhāṣiṇaḥ ,
madhye vayasi nirdoṣānhite yuktāñjitendriyān.
25. kulaprakṛtideśānām dharmajñān mṛdubhāṣiṇaḥ
madhye vayasi nirdoṣān hite yuktān jitendriyān
25. kulaprakṛtideśānām dharmajñān mṛdubhāṣiṇaḥ
madhye vayasi nirdoṣān hite yuktān jitendriyān
25. ...Those who understand the natural law (dharma) concerning families, personal dispositions, and regions, who are gentle in speech, blameless in middle age, committed to the public welfare, and have controlled their senses...
अलुब्धाञ्शिक्षितान्दान्तान्धर्मेषु परिनिष्ठितान् ।
स्थापयेत्सर्वकार्येषु राजा धर्मार्थरक्षिणः ॥२६॥
26. alubdhāñśikṣitāndāntāndharmeṣu pariniṣṭhitān ,
sthāpayetsarvakāryeṣu rājā dharmārtharakṣiṇaḥ.
26. alubdhān śikṣitān dāntān dharmeṣu pariniṣṭhitān
sthāpayet sarvakāryeṣu rājā dharmārtharakṣiṇaḥ
26. rājā alubdhān śikṣitān dāntān dharmeṣu pariniṣṭhitān
dharmārtharakṣiṇaḥ sarvakāryeṣu sthāpayet
26. The king should appoint these individuals—who are ungreedy, educated, self-controlled, and firmly grounded in matters of natural law (dharma)—to all affairs, as they are protectors of (both) natural law (dharma) and material prosperity.
एतेनैव प्रकारेण कृत्यानामागतिं गतिम् ।
युक्तः समनुतिष्ठेत तुष्टश्चारैरुपस्कृतः ॥२७॥
27. etenaiva prakāreṇa kṛtyānāmāgatiṁ gatim ,
yuktaḥ samanutiṣṭheta tuṣṭaścārairupaskṛtaḥ.
27. etena eva prakāreṇa kṛtyānām āgatim gatim
yuktaḥ samanutiṣṭheta tuṣṭaḥ cāraiḥ upaskṛtaḥ
27. etena eva prakāreṇa yuktaḥ tuṣṭaḥ cāraiḥ
upaskṛtaḥ kṛtyānām āgatim gatim samanutiṣṭheta
27. In this very manner, being attentive, content, and assisted by spies, he should diligently administer the arrival and departure of (his) officials.
अमोघक्रोधहर्षस्य स्वयं कृत्यान्ववेक्षिणः ।
आत्मप्रत्ययकोशस्य वसुधैव वसुंधरा ॥२८॥
28. amoghakrodhaharṣasya svayaṁ kṛtyānvavekṣiṇaḥ ,
ātmapratyayakośasya vasudhaiva vasuṁdharā.
28. amoghakrodhaharṣasya svayam kṛtyānvavekṣiṇaḥ
ātmapratyayakośasya vasudhā eva vasuṃdharā
28. amoghakrodhaharṣasya svayam kṛtyānvavekṣiṇaḥ
ātmapratyayakośasya vasudhā eva vasuṃdharā
28. For one whose anger and joy are never fruitless, who personally oversees his duties, and whose treasury is self-confidence, the earth itself becomes a bearer of wealth.
व्यक्तश्चानुग्रहो यस्य यथार्थश्चापि निग्रहः ।
गुप्तात्मा गुप्तराष्ट्रश्च स राजा राजधर्मवित् ॥२९॥
29. vyaktaścānugraho yasya yathārthaścāpi nigrahaḥ ,
guptātmā guptarāṣṭraśca sa rājā rājadharmavit.
29. vyaktaḥ ca anugrahaḥ yasya yathārthaḥ ca api nigrahaḥ
guptātmā guptarāṣṭraḥ ca sa rājā rājadharmavit
29. yasya anugrahaḥ ca vyaktaḥ,
yasya nigrahaḥ ca api yathārthaḥ,
yaḥ guptātmā ca guptarāṣṭraḥ,
sa rājā rājadharmavit
29. That king, whose favor is clearly evident and whose punishment is always appropriate, who keeps himself (ātman) protected and his kingdom secure, truly understands the duty of a king (rājadharma).
नित्यं राष्ट्रमवेक्षेत गोभिः सूर्य इवोत्पतन् ।
चारांश्च नचरान्विद्यात्तथा बुद्ध्या न संज्वरेत् ॥३०॥
30. nityaṁ rāṣṭramavekṣeta gobhiḥ sūrya ivotpatan ,
cārāṁśca nacarānvidyāttathā buddhyā na saṁjvaret.
30. nityam rāṣṭram avekṣeta gobhiḥ sūryaḥ iva utpatan
cārān ca nacārān vidyāt tathā buddhyā na saṃjvaret
30. nityam rāṣṭram avekṣeta gobhiḥ sūryaḥ iva utpatan
cārān ca nacārān vidyāt tathā buddhyā na saṃjvaret
30. He should constantly oversee his kingdom, just as the sun rises with its rays. He should distinguish between spies and non-spies, and thereby, using his intellect, he should not fall into distress.
कालप्राप्तमुपादद्यान्नार्थं राजा प्रसूचयेत् ।
अहन्यहनि संदुह्यान्महीं गामिव बुद्धिमान् ॥३१॥
31. kālaprāptamupādadyānnārthaṁ rājā prasūcayet ,
ahanyahani saṁduhyānmahīṁ gāmiva buddhimān.
31. kālaprāptam upādadyāt na artham rājā prasūcayet
ahani ahani saṃduhyāt mahīm gām iva buddhimān
31. rājā kālaprāptam upādadyāt,
artham na prasūcayet.
buddhimān ahani ahani mahīm gām iva saṃduhyāt
31. A king should collect taxes and revenue at the appropriate time; he should not announce his financial needs in advance. A wise ruler should milk the earth daily, just as one milks a cow.
यथा क्रमेण पुष्पेभ्यश्चिनोति मधु षट्पदः ।
तथा द्रव्यमुपादाय राजा कुर्वीत संचयम् ॥३२॥
32. yathā krameṇa puṣpebhyaścinoti madhu ṣaṭpadaḥ ,
tathā dravyamupādāya rājā kurvīta saṁcayam.
32. yathā krameṇa puṣpebhyaḥ cinoti madhu ṣaṭpadaḥ
tathā dravyam upādāya rājā kurvīta sañcayam
32. yathā ṣaṭpadaḥ krameṇa puṣpebhyaḥ madhu cinoti
tathā rājā dravyam upādāya sañcayam kurvīta
32. Just as a bee (ṣaṭpadaḥ) gradually gathers honey from flowers, so should a king, by acquiring resources, build up reserves.
यद्धि गुप्तावशिष्टं स्यात्तद्धितं धर्मकामयोः ।
संचयानुविसर्गी स्याद्राजा शास्त्रविदात्मवान् ॥३३॥
33. yaddhi guptāvaśiṣṭaṁ syāttaddhitaṁ dharmakāmayoḥ ,
saṁcayānuvisargī syādrājā śāstravidātmavān.
33. yat hi guptāvaśiṣṭam syāt tat hitam dharmakāmayoḥ
sañcayānuvisargī syāt rājā śāstravit ātmavān
33. yat hi guptāvaśiṣṭam syāt tat dharmakāmayoḥ hitam
śāstravit ātmavān rājā sañcayānuvisargī syāt
33. Whatever remains protected (or saved) is beneficial for the purposes of natural law (dharma) and righteous desire. A king, who is wise, self-controlled, and knowledgeable in scriptures, should be one who judiciously disburses his accumulated wealth.
नाल्पमर्थं परिभवेन्नावमन्येत शात्रवान् ।
बुद्ध्यावबुध्येदात्मानं न चाबुद्धिषु विश्वसेत् ॥३४॥
34. nālpamarthaṁ paribhavennāvamanyeta śātravān ,
buddhyāvabudhyedātmānaṁ na cābuddhiṣu viśvaset.
34. na alpam artham paribhavet na avamanyeta śātravān
buddhyā avabudhyet ātmānam na ca abuddhiṣu viśvaset
34. na alpam artham paribhavet na śātravān avamanyeta
buddhyā ātmānam avabudhyet ca abuddhiṣu na viśvaset
34. One should neither disregard a small matter nor underestimate enemies. One should comprehend the true self (ātman) through intelligence, and never trust those who lack wisdom.
धृतिर्दाक्ष्यं संयमो बुद्धिरग्र्या धैर्यं शौर्यं देशकालोऽप्रमादः ।
स्वल्पस्य वा महतो वापि वृद्धौ धनस्यैतान्यष्ट समिन्धनानि ॥३५॥
35. dhṛtirdākṣyaṁ saṁyamo buddhiragryā; dhairyaṁ śauryaṁ deśakālo'pramādaḥ ,
svalpasya vā mahato vāpi vṛddhau; dhanasyaitānyaṣṭa samindhanāni.
35. dhṛtiḥ dākṣyam saṃyamaḥ buddhiḥ agryā
dhairyam śauryam deśakālaḥ apramādaḥ
svalpasya vā mahataḥ vā api
vṛddhau dhanasya etāni aṣṭa samindhanāni
35. dhṛtiḥ dākṣyam saṃyamaḥ agryā buddhiḥ
dhairyam śauryam deśakālaḥ apramādaḥ
svalpasya vā mahataḥ vā api
dhanasya vṛddhau etāni aṣṭa samindhanāni
35. Fortitude, skill, self-control, keen intelligence, patience, valor, discerning the right place and time, and vigilance – these eight are the fuels for the growth of wealth, whether it be small or great.
अग्निस्तोको वर्धते ह्याज्यसिक्तो बीजं चैकं बहुसाहस्रमेति ।
क्षयोदयौ विपुलौ संनिशाम्य तस्मादल्पं नावमन्येत विद्वान् ॥३६॥
36. agnistoko vardhate hyājyasikto; bījaṁ caikaṁ bahusāhasrameti ,
kṣayodayau vipulau saṁniśāmya; tasmādalpaṁ nāvamanyeta vidvān.
36. agni-stokaḥ vardhate hi ājya-siktaḥ
bījam ca ekam bahusāhasram
eti kṣayodayau vipulau saṃniśāmya
tasmāt alpam na avamanyeta vidvān
36. vidvān tasmāt alpam na avamanyeta
hi ājya-siktaḥ agni-stokaḥ
vardhate ca ekam bījam bahusāhasram
eti vipulau kṣayodayau saṃniśāmya
36. A small spark of fire, when sprinkled with ghee, certainly grows. And a single seed yields thousands. Therefore, a wise person, having carefully observed these vast cycles of decline and growth, should not despise anything, however small.
बालोऽबालः स्थविरो वा रिपुर्यः सदा प्रमत्तं पुरुषं निहन्यात् ।
कालेनान्यस्तस्य मूलं हरेत कालज्ञाता पार्थिवानां वरिष्ठः ॥३७॥
37. bālo'bālaḥ sthaviro vā ripuryaḥ; sadā pramattaṁ puruṣaṁ nihanyāt ,
kālenānyastasya mūlaṁ hareta; kālajñātā pārthivānāṁ variṣṭhaḥ.
37. bālaḥ abālaḥ sthaviraḥ vā ripuḥ
yaḥ sadā pramattam puruṣam nihanyāt
kālena anyaḥ tasya mūlam hareta
kālajñātā pārthivānām variṣṭhaḥ
37. yaḥ ripuḥ bālaḥ abālaḥ vā sthaviraḥ
(saḥ) sadā pramattam puruṣam
nihanyāt anyaḥ kālena tasya mūlam hareta
kālajñātā pārthivānām variṣṭhaḥ
37. An enemy, be he young, adult, or old, always strikes down a negligent person. In time, another (factor) may destroy his very foundation. The one who understands timeliness is supreme among rulers.
हरेत्कीर्तिं धर्ममस्योपरुन्ध्यादर्थे दीर्घं वीर्यमस्योपहन्यात् ।
रिपुर्द्वेष्टा दुर्बलो वा बली वा तस्माच्छत्रौ नैव हेडेद्यतात्मा ॥३८॥
38. haretkīrtiṁ dharmamasyoparundhyā;darthe dīrghaṁ vīryamasyopahanyāt ,
ripurdveṣṭā durbalo vā balī vā; tasmācchatrau naiva heḍedyatātmā.
38. haret kīrtim dharmam asya uparundhyāt
arthe dīrgham vīryam asya upahanyāt
ripuḥ dveṣṭā durbalaḥ vā balī vā
tasmāt śatrau na eva heḍet yatātmā
38. ripuḥ (hi) asya kīrtim haret dharmam
uparundhyāt ca arthe asya dīrgham vīryam
upahanyāt dveṣṭā durbalaḥ vā balī vā
(syāt); tasmāt yatātmā śatrau na eva heḍet
38. An enemy might destroy one's fame, obstruct one's natural law (dharma), and diminish one's enduring strength regarding resources. Therefore, whether an enemy, a hater, is weak or strong, a person with a controlled self (ātman) should certainly never despise him.
क्षयं शत्रोः संचयं पालनं चाप्युभौ चार्थौ सहितौ धर्मकामौ ।
अतश्चान्यन्मतिमान्संदधीत तस्माद्राजा बुद्धिमन्तं श्रयेत ॥३९॥
39. kṣayaṁ śatroḥ saṁcayaṁ pālanaṁ cā;pyubhau cārthau sahitau dharmakāmau ,
ataścānyanmatimānsaṁdadhīta; tasmādrājā buddhimantaṁ śrayeta.
39. kṣayam śatroḥ saṃcayam pālanam ca
api ubhau ca arthau sahitau dharmakāmau
ataḥ ca anyat matimān saṃdadhīta
tasmāt rājā buddhimantam śrayeta
39. matimān śatroḥ kṣayam saṃcayam
pālanam ca api ubhau ca arthau sahitau
dharmakāmau ataḥ ca anyat saṃdadhīta
tasmāt rājā buddhimantam śrayeta
39. The destruction of the enemy, accumulation (of resources), protection (of the kingdom/people), and also both the affairs of material prosperity (artha) coupled with natural law (dharma) and pleasure (kāma) – these are the important considerations. Therefore, a wise person (matimān) should deliberate on these and other matters. For this reason, a king should seek counsel from an intelligent individual.
बुद्धिर्दीप्ता बलवन्तं हिनस्ति बलं बुद्ध्या वर्धते पाल्यमानम् ।
शत्रुर्बुद्ध्या सीदते वर्धमानो बुद्धेः पश्चात्कर्म यत्तत्प्रशस्तम् ॥४०॥
40. buddhirdīptā balavantaṁ hinasti; balaṁ buddhyā vardhate pālyamānam ,
śatrurbuddhyā sīdate vardhamāno; buddheḥ paścātkarma yattatpraśastam.
40. buddhiḥ dīptā balavantam hinasti
balam buddhyā vardhate pālyamānam
śatruḥ buddhyā sīdate vardhamānaḥ
buddheḥ paścāt karma yat tat praśastam
40. dīptā buddhiḥ balavantam hinasti
buddhyā pālyamānam balam vardhate
buddhyā vardhamānaḥ śatruḥ sīdate
yat karma buddheḥ paścāt tat praśastam
40. Sharp intelligence destroys even the strong. Strength, when nurtured, grows through intelligence. An enemy, even while flourishing, declines due to intelligence. Any action (karma) undertaken after careful consideration is considered excellent.
सर्वान्कामान्कामयानो हि धीरः सत्त्वेनाल्पेनाप्लुते हीनदेहः ।
यथात्मानं प्रार्थयतेऽर्थमानैः श्रेयःपात्रं पूरयते ह्यनल्पम् ॥४१॥
41. sarvānkāmānkāmayāno hi dhīraḥ; sattvenālpenāplute hīnadehaḥ ,
yathātmānaṁ prārthayate'rthamānaiḥ; śreyaḥpātraṁ pūrayate hyanalpam.
41. sarvān kāmān kāmayānaḥ hi dhīraḥ
sattvena alpena āplute hīnadehaḥ |
yathā ātmānam prārthayate arthamānaiḥ
śreyaḥpātram pūrayate hi analpam
41. hi dhīraḥ sarvān kāmān kāmayānaḥ
hīnadehaḥ alpena sattvena āplute
yathā ātmānam prārthayate arthamānaiḥ
analpam śreyaḥpātram hi pūrayate
41. Indeed, a wise person (dhīraḥ), even if weak-bodied and possessing little inner strength (sattva), but desiring all aspirations, fills a boundless vessel of welfare with honorable gains, just as he strives for himself (ātman).
तस्माद्राजा प्रगृहीतः परेषु मूलं लक्ष्म्याः सर्वतोऽभ्याददीत ।
दीर्घं कालमपि संपीड्यमानो विद्युत्संपातमिव मानोर्जितः स्यात् ॥४२॥
42. tasmādrājā pragṛhītaḥ pareṣu; mūlaṁ lakṣmyāḥ sarvato'bhyādadīta ,
dīrghaṁ kālamapi saṁpīḍyamāno; vidyutsaṁpātamiva mānorjitaḥ syāt.
42. tasmāt rājā pragṛhītaḥ pareṣu mūlam
lakṣmyāḥ sarvataḥ abhyādadīta
dīrgham kālam api saṃpīḍyamānaḥ
vidyutsaṃpātam iva mānorjitaḥ syāt
42. tasmāt pareṣu pragṛhītaḥ rājā
lakṣmyāḥ mūlam sarvataḥ abhyādadīta
dīrgham kālam api saṃpīḍyamānaḥ
mānorjitaḥ vidyutsaṃpātam iva syāt
42. Therefore, a king, even when captured by his enemies, should gather the source of wealth (Lakṣmī) from all quarters. Even if he is oppressed for a long time, he should remain strengthened by honor and be like a lightning strike.
विद्या तपो वा विपुलं धनं वा सर्वमेतद्व्यवसायेन शक्यम् ।
ब्रह्म यत्तं निवसति देहवत्सु तस्माद्विद्याद्व्यवसायं प्रभूतम् ॥४३॥
43. vidyā tapo vā vipulaṁ dhanaṁ vā; sarvametadvyavasāyena śakyam ,
brahma yattaṁ nivasati dehavatsu; tasmādvidyādvyavasāyaṁ prabhūtam.
43. vidyā tapaḥ vā vipulam dhanam vā
sarvam etat vyavasāyena śakyam |
brahma yattam nivasati dehavatsu
tasmāt vidyāt vyavasāyam prabhūtam
43. vidyā vā tapaḥ vā vipulam dhanam
vā sarvam etat vyavasāyena śakyam
yattam brahma dehavatsu nivasati
tasmāt vyavasāyam prabhūtam vidyāt
43. Knowledge (vidyā), austerity (tapas), or vast wealth—all of this is attainable through sustained effort. The absolute reality (brahman), which is striven for, resides in embodied beings. Therefore, one should understand sustained effort to be of great importance.
यत्रासते मतिमन्तो मनस्विनः शक्रो विष्णुर्यत्र सरस्वती च ।
वसन्ति भूतानि च यत्र नित्यं तस्माद्विद्वान्नावमन्येत देहम् ॥४४॥
44. yatrāsate matimanto manasvinaḥ; śakro viṣṇuryatra sarasvatī ca ,
vasanti bhūtāni ca yatra nityaṁ; tasmādvidvānnāvamanyeta deham.
44. yatra āsate matimantaḥ manasvinaḥ
śakraḥ viṣṇuḥ yatra sarasvatī ca
vasanti bhūtāni ca yatra nityaṃ
tasmāt vidvān na avamanyeta deham
44. yatra matimantaḥ manasvinaḥ āsate
yatra śakraḥ viṣṇuḥ sarasvatī ca
yatra bhūtāni ca nityaṃ vasanti
tasmāt vidvān deham na avamanyeta
44. Where intelligent and thoughtful beings reside, where Śakra, Viṣṇu, and Sarasvatī dwell, and where all creatures (bhūtāni) constantly live – for this reason, a wise person should not disrespect the body (deham).
लुब्धं हन्यात्संप्रदानेन नित्यं लुब्धस्तृप्तिं परवित्तस्य नैति ।
सर्वो लुब्धः कर्मगुणोपभोगे योऽर्थैर्हीनो धर्मकामौ जहाति ॥४५॥
45. lubdhaṁ hanyātsaṁpradānena nityaṁ; lubdhastṛptiṁ paravittasya naiti ,
sarvo lubdhaḥ karmaguṇopabhoge; yo'rthairhīno dharmakāmau jahāti.
45. lubdham hanyāt sampradānena nityaṃ
lubdhaḥ tṛptiṃ paravittasya na eti
sarvaḥ lubdhaḥ karmaguṇopabhoge
yaḥ arthaiḥ hīnaḥ dharmakāmau jahāti
45. lubdham nityaṃ sampradānena hanyāt
lubdhaḥ paravittasya tṛptiṃ na eti
sarvaḥ lubdhaḥ karmaguṇopabhoge
yaḥ arthaiḥ hīnaḥ dharmakāmau jahāti
45. A greedy person should always be subdued by giving (sampradāna). A greedy person never finds satisfaction (tṛpti) in another's wealth. Every greedy person is fixated on the enjoyment of actions and their results, and whoever is devoid of resources abandons both their intrinsic nature (dharma) and legitimate desires (kāmau).
धनं भोज्यं पुत्रदारं समृद्धिं सर्वो लुब्धः प्रार्थयते परेषाम् ।
लुब्धे दोषाः संभवन्तीह सर्वे तस्माद्राजा न प्रगृह्णीत लुब्धान् ॥४६॥
46. dhanaṁ bhojyaṁ putradāraṁ samṛddhiṁ; sarvo lubdhaḥ prārthayate pareṣām ,
lubdhe doṣāḥ saṁbhavantīha sarve; tasmādrājā na pragṛhṇīta lubdhān.
46. dhanam bhojyam putradāraṃ samṛddhiṃ
sarvaḥ lubdhaḥ prārthayate pareṣām
lubdhe doṣāḥ saṃbhavanti iha
sarve tasmāt rājā na pragṛhṇīta lubdhān
46. sarvaḥ lubdhaḥ pareṣām dhanam bhojyam
putradāraṃ samṛddhiṃ prārthayate
lubdhe iha sarve doṣāḥ saṃbhavanti
tasmāt rājā lubdhān na pragṛhṇīta
46. Every greedy person desires wealth, food, wife and children, and prosperity belonging to others (pareṣām). All faults arise in a greedy person. Therefore, a king should not accept (pragṛhṇīta) greedy people (lubdhān).
संदर्शने सत्पुरुषं जघन्यमपि चोदयेत् ।
आरम्भान्द्विषतां प्राज्ञः सर्वानर्थांस्तु सूदयेत् ॥४७॥
47. saṁdarśane satpuruṣaṁ jaghanyamapi codayet ,
ārambhāndviṣatāṁ prājñaḥ sarvānarthāṁstu sūdayet.
47. saṃdarśane satpuruṣam jaghanyam api codayet
ārambhān dviṣatām prājñaḥ sarvān arthān tu sūdayet
47. prājñaḥ saṃdarśane satpuruṣam api jaghanyam api
codayet tu dviṣatām sarvān ārambhān arthān sūdayet
47. In an assembly, a wise person (prājñaḥ) should inspire (codayet) even a noble individual (satpuruṣam) and even a common one (jaghanyam api). And he should thwart (sūdayet) all the undertakings (ārambhān) and aims (arthān) of enemies (dviṣatām).
धर्मान्वितेषु विज्ञातो मन्त्री गुप्तश्च पाण्डव ।
आप्तो राजन्कुलीनश्च पर्याप्तो राज्यसंग्रहे ॥४८॥
48. dharmānviteṣu vijñāto mantrī guptaśca pāṇḍava ,
āpto rājankulīnaśca paryāpto rājyasaṁgrahe.
48. dharmanviteṣu vijñātaḥ mantrī guptaḥ ca pāṇḍava
āptaḥ rājan kulīnaḥ ca paryāptaḥ rājyasaṃgrahe
48. pāṇḍava rājan dharmanviteṣu vijñātaḥ guptaḥ ca
āptaḥ kulīnaḥ ca mantrī rājyasaṃgrahe paryāptaḥ
48. O Pāṇḍava, O King, a minister who is recognized among those who uphold righteousness (dharma), is discreet, trustworthy, and of noble lineage, is highly capable in governing the kingdom.
विधिप्रवृत्तान्नरदेवधर्मानुक्तान्समासेन निबोध बुद्ध्या ।
इमान्विदध्याद्व्यनुसृत्य यो वै राजा महीं पालयितुं स शक्तः ॥४९॥
49. vidhipravṛttānnaradevadharmā;nuktānsamāsena nibodha buddhyā ,
imānvidadhyādvyanusṛtya yo vai; rājā mahīṁ pālayituṁ sa śaktaḥ.
49. vidhipravṛttān naradevadharman
uktān samāsena nibodha buddhyā
imān vidadhyāt vyanusṛtya yaḥ
vai rājā mahīm pālayitum saḥ śaktaḥ
49. buddhyā vidhipravṛttān uktān
naradevadharman samāsena nibodha
yaḥ vai rājā imān vyanusṛtya
vidadhyāt saḥ mahīm pālayitum śaktaḥ
49. O King, understand concisely with your intellect these prescribed duties (dharma) for rulers, which are established by sacred law and have been declared. Indeed, any king who acts by adhering to these is truly capable of protecting the earth.
अनीतिजं यद्यविधानजं सुखं हठप्रणीतं विविधं प्रदृश्यते ।
न विद्यते तस्य गतिर्महीपतेर्न विद्यते राष्ट्रजमुत्तमं सुखम् ॥५०॥
50. anītijaṁ yadyavidhānajaṁ sukhaṁ; haṭhapraṇītaṁ vividhaṁ pradṛśyate ,
na vidyate tasya gatirmahīpate;rna vidyate rāṣṭrajamuttamaṁ sukham.
50. anītijam yadi avidhānajam sukham
haṭhapraṇītam vividham pradṛśyate
na vidyate tasya gatiḥ mahīpateḥ
na vidyate rāṣṭrajam uttamam sukham
50. mahīpate yadi anītijam avidhānajam
haṭhapraṇītam vividham sukham
pradṛśyate tasya gatiḥ na vidyate
uttamam rāṣṭrajam sukham na vidyate
50. O King, if various kinds of happiness are observed that arise from unrighteousness, disregard for rules, and are achieved by force, they have no lasting foundation for a king. Moreover, no supreme happiness (sukham) can arise from such a kingdom.
धनैर्विशिष्टान्मतिशीलपूजितान्गुणोपपन्नान्युधि दृष्टविक्रमान् ।
गुणेषु दृष्टानचिरादिहात्मवान्सतोऽभिसंधाय निहन्ति शात्रवान् ॥५१॥
51. dhanairviśiṣṭānmatiśīlapūjitā;nguṇopapannānyudhi dṛṣṭavikramān ,
guṇeṣu dṛṣṭānacirādihātmavā;nsato'bhisaṁdhāya nihanti śātravān.
51. dhanaiḥ viśiṣṭān matiśīlapūjitān
guṇopapannān yudhi dṛṣṭavikramān
guṇeṣu dṛṣṭān acirāt iha ātmavān
sataḥ abhisandhāya nihanti śātravān
51. iha ātmavān dhanaiḥ viśiṣṭān
matiśīlapūjitān guṇopapannān yudhi
dṛṣṭavikramān guṇeṣu dṛṣṭān sataḥ
abhisandhāya acirāt śātravān nihanti
51. In this world, a resolute ruler, by allying himself with worthy individuals—those who are distinguished by wealth, esteemed for their intellect and character, endowed with virtues, and whose prowess has been demonstrated and recognized in battle—swiftly defeats his enemies.
पश्येदुपायान्विविधैः क्रियापथैर्न चानुपायेन मतिं निवेशयेत् ।
श्रियं विशिष्टां विपुलं यशो धनं न दोषदर्शी पुरुषः समश्नुते ॥५२॥
52. paśyedupāyānvividhaiḥ kriyāpathai;rna cānupāyena matiṁ niveśayet ,
śriyaṁ viśiṣṭāṁ vipulaṁ yaśo dhanaṁ; na doṣadarśī puruṣaḥ samaśnute.
52. paśyet upāyān vividhaiḥ kriyāpathaiḥ
na ca anupāyena matim niveśayet
śriyam viśiṣṭām vipulam yaśaḥ dhanam
na doṣadarśī puruṣaḥ samaśnute
52. puruṣaḥ vividhaiḥ kriyāpathaiḥ upāyān
paśyet ca anupāyena matim na niveśayet
doṣadarśī puruṣaḥ viśiṣṭām śriyam
vipulam yaśaḥ dhanam na samaśnute
52. A person should always consider various appropriate courses of action and should not apply their intelligence to improper means. A man who only perceives faults will not attain distinguished prosperity, abundant fame, or wealth.
प्रीतिप्रवृत्तौ विनिवर्तने तथा सुहृत्सु विज्ञाय निवृत्य चोभयोः ।
यदेव मित्रं गुरुभारमावहेत्तदेव सुस्निग्धमुदाहरेद्बुधः ॥५३॥
53. prītipravṛttau vinivartane tathā; suhṛtsu vijñāya nivṛtya cobhayoḥ ,
yadeva mitraṁ gurubhāramāvahe;ttadeva susnigdhamudāharedbudhaḥ.
53. prītipravṛttau vinivartane tathā
suhṛtsu vijñāya nivṛtya ca ubhayoḥ
yat eva mitram gurubhāram āvahet
tat eva susnigdham udāharet budhaḥ
53. budhaḥ prītipravṛttau tathā
vinivartane ca ubhayoḥ suhṛtsu vijñāya
nivṛtya yat eva mitram gurubhāram
āvahet tat eva susnigdham udāharet
53. A wise person, having thoroughly understood the nature of both forming and ending friendships, and discerning among friends, should consider as truly dear and affectionate precisely that friend who bears a heavy burden.
एतान्मयोक्तांस्तव राजधर्मान्नृणां च गुप्तौ मतिमादधत्स्व ।
अवाप्स्यसे पुण्यफलं सुखेन सर्वो हि लोकोत्तमधर्ममूलः ॥५४॥
54. etānmayoktāṁstava rājadharmā;nnṛṇāṁ ca guptau matimādadhatsva ,
avāpsyase puṇyaphalaṁ sukhena; sarvo hi lokottamadharmamūlaḥ.
54. etān mayā uktān tava rājadharmān
nṛṇām ca guptau matim ādadhatsva
avāpsyase puṇyaphalam sukhena
sarvaḥ hi loka-uttama-dharma-mūlaḥ
54. tava etān mayā uktān rājadharmān
ca nṛṇām guptau matim ādadhatsva
sukhena puṇyaphalam avāpsyase
hi sarvaḥ loka-uttama-dharma-mūlaḥ
54. Apply your mind to these royal duties (dharma) that I have declared for you, and to the protection of people. You will easily attain the fruit of virtuous actions, for indeed, the root of all supreme principles (dharma) in the world lies in this.

Links to all chapters:

ādi parva

Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Chapter 9 Chapter 10 Chapter 11 Chapter 12 Chapter 13 Chapter 14 Chapter 15 Chapter 16 Chapter 17 Chapter 18 Chapter 19 Chapter 20 Chapter 21 Chapter 22 Chapter 23 Chapter 24 Chapter 25 Chapter 26 Chapter 27 Chapter 28 Chapter 29 Chapter 30 Chapter 31 Chapter 32 Chapter 33 Chapter 34 Chapter 35 Chapter 36 Chapter 37 Chapter 38 Chapter 39 Chapter 40 Chapter 41 Chapter 42 Chapter 43 Chapter 44 Chapter 45 Chapter 46 Chapter 47 Chapter 48 Chapter 49 Chapter 50 Chapter 51 Chapter 52 Chapter 53 Chapter 54 Chapter 55 Chapter 56 Chapter 57 Chapter 58 Chapter 59 Chapter 60 Chapter 61 Chapter 62 Chapter 63 Chapter 64 Chapter 65 Chapter 66 Chapter 67 Chapter 68 Chapter 69 Chapter 70 Chapter 71 Chapter 72 Chapter 73 Chapter 74 Chapter 75 Chapter 76 Chapter 77 Chapter 78 Chapter 79 Chapter 80 Chapter 81 Chapter 82 Chapter 83 Chapter 84 Chapter 85 Chapter 86 Chapter 87 Chapter 88 Chapter 89 Chapter 90 Chapter 91 Chapter 92 Chapter 93 Chapter 94 Chapter 95 Chapter 96 Chapter 97 Chapter 98 Chapter 99 Chapter 100 Chapter 101 Chapter 102 Chapter 103 Chapter 104 Chapter 105 Chapter 106 Chapter 107 Chapter 108 Chapter 109 Chapter 110 Chapter 111 Chapter 112 Chapter 113 Chapter 114 Chapter 115 Chapter 116 Chapter 117 Chapter 118 Chapter 119 Chapter 120 Chapter 121 Chapter 122 Chapter 123 Chapter 124 Chapter 125 Chapter 126 Chapter 127 Chapter 128 Chapter 129 Chapter 130 Chapter 131 Chapter 132 Chapter 133 Chapter 134 Chapter 135 Chapter 136 Chapter 137 Chapter 138 Chapter 139 Chapter 140 Chapter 141 Chapter 142 Chapter 143 Chapter 144 Chapter 145 Chapter 146 Chapter 147 Chapter 148 Chapter 149 Chapter 150 Chapter 151 Chapter 152 Chapter 153 Chapter 154 Chapter 155 Chapter 156 Chapter 157 Chapter 158 Chapter 159 Chapter 160 Chapter 161 Chapter 162 Chapter 163 Chapter 164 Chapter 165 Chapter 166 Chapter 167 Chapter 168 Chapter 169 Chapter 170 Chapter 171 Chapter 172 Chapter 173 Chapter 174 Chapter 175 Chapter 176 Chapter 177 Chapter 178 Chapter 179 Chapter 180 Chapter 181 Chapter 182 Chapter 183 Chapter 184 Chapter 185 Chapter 186 Chapter 187 Chapter 188 Chapter 189 Chapter 190 Chapter 191 Chapter 192 Chapter 193 Chapter 194 Chapter 195 Chapter 196 Chapter 197 Chapter 198 Chapter 199 Chapter 200 Chapter 201 Chapter 202 Chapter 203 Chapter 204 Chapter 205 Chapter 206 Chapter 207 Chapter 208 Chapter 209 Chapter 210 Chapter 211 Chapter 212 Chapter 213 Chapter 214 Chapter 215 Chapter 216 Chapter 217 Chapter 218 Chapter 219 Chapter 220 Chapter 221 Chapter 222 Chapter 223 Chapter 224 Chapter 225

sabhā parva

Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Chapter 9 Chapter 10 Chapter 11 Chapter 12 Chapter 13 Chapter 14 Chapter 15 Chapter 16 Chapter 17 Chapter 18 Chapter 19 Chapter 20 Chapter 21 Chapter 22 Chapter 23 Chapter 24 Chapter 25 Chapter 26 Chapter 27 Chapter 28 Chapter 29 Chapter 30 Chapter 31 Chapter 32 Chapter 33 Chapter 34 Chapter 35 Chapter 36 Chapter 37 Chapter 38 Chapter 39 Chapter 40 Chapter 41 Chapter 42 Chapter 43 Chapter 44 Chapter 45 Chapter 46 Chapter 47 Chapter 48 Chapter 49 Chapter 50 Chapter 51 Chapter 52 Chapter 53 Chapter 54 Chapter 55 Chapter 56 Chapter 57 Chapter 58 Chapter 59 Chapter 60 Chapter 61 Chapter 62 Chapter 63 Chapter 64 Chapter 65 Chapter 66 Chapter 67 Chapter 68 Chapter 69 Chapter 70 Chapter 71 Chapter 72

vana parva

Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Chapter 9 Chapter 10 Chapter 11 Chapter 12 Chapter 13 Chapter 14 Chapter 15 Chapter 16 Chapter 17 Chapter 18 Chapter 19 Chapter 20 Chapter 21 Chapter 22 Chapter 23 Chapter 24 Chapter 25 Chapter 26 Chapter 27 Chapter 28 Chapter 29 Chapter 30 Chapter 31 Chapter 32 Chapter 33 Chapter 34 Chapter 35 Chapter 36 Chapter 37 Chapter 38 Chapter 39 Chapter 40 Chapter 41 Chapter 42 Chapter 43 Chapter 44 Chapter 45 Chapter 46 Chapter 47 Chapter 48 Chapter 49 Chapter 50 Chapter 51 Chapter 52 Chapter 53 Chapter 54 Chapter 55 Chapter 56 Chapter 57 Chapter 58 Chapter 59 Chapter 60 Chapter 61 Chapter 62 Chapter 63 Chapter 64 Chapter 65 Chapter 66 Chapter 67 Chapter 68 Chapter 69 Chapter 70 Chapter 71 Chapter 72 Chapter 73 Chapter 74 Chapter 75 Chapter 76 Chapter 77 Chapter 78 Chapter 79 Chapter 80 Chapter 81 Chapter 82 Chapter 83 Chapter 84 Chapter 85 Chapter 86 Chapter 87 Chapter 88 Chapter 89 Chapter 90 Chapter 91 Chapter 92 Chapter 93 Chapter 94 Chapter 95 Chapter 96 Chapter 97 Chapter 98 Chapter 99 Chapter 100 Chapter 101 Chapter 102 Chapter 103 Chapter 104 Chapter 105 Chapter 106 Chapter 107 Chapter 108 Chapter 109 Chapter 110 Chapter 111 Chapter 112 Chapter 113 Chapter 114 Chapter 115 Chapter 116 Chapter 117 Chapter 118 Chapter 119 Chapter 120 Chapter 121 Chapter 122 Chapter 123 Chapter 124 Chapter 125 Chapter 126 Chapter 127 Chapter 128 Chapter 129 Chapter 130 Chapter 131 Chapter 132 Chapter 133 Chapter 134 Chapter 135 Chapter 136 Chapter 137 Chapter 138 Chapter 139 Chapter 140 Chapter 141 Chapter 142 Chapter 143 Chapter 144 Chapter 145 Chapter 146 Chapter 147 Chapter 148 Chapter 149 Chapter 150 Chapter 151 Chapter 152 Chapter 153 Chapter 154 Chapter 155 Chapter 156 Chapter 157 Chapter 158 Chapter 159 Chapter 160 Chapter 161 Chapter 162 Chapter 163 Chapter 164 Chapter 165 Chapter 166 Chapter 167 Chapter 168 Chapter 169 Chapter 170 Chapter 171 Chapter 172 Chapter 173 Chapter 174 Chapter 175 Chapter 176 Chapter 177 Chapter 178 Chapter 179 Chapter 180 Chapter 181 Chapter 182 Chapter 183 Chapter 184 Chapter 185 Chapter 186 Chapter 187 Chapter 188 Chapter 189 Chapter 190 Chapter 191 Chapter 192 Chapter 193 Chapter 194 Chapter 195 Chapter 196 Chapter 197 Chapter 198 Chapter 199 Chapter 200 Chapter 201 Chapter 202 Chapter 203 Chapter 204 Chapter 205 Chapter 206 Chapter 207 Chapter 208 Chapter 209 Chapter 210 Chapter 211 Chapter 212 Chapter 213 Chapter 214 Chapter 215 Chapter 216 Chapter 217 Chapter 218 Chapter 219 Chapter 220 Chapter 221 Chapter 222 Chapter 223 Chapter 224 Chapter 225 Chapter 226 Chapter 227 Chapter 228 Chapter 229 Chapter 230 Chapter 231 Chapter 232 Chapter 233 Chapter 234 Chapter 235 Chapter 236 Chapter 237 Chapter 238 Chapter 239 Chapter 240 Chapter 241 Chapter 242 Chapter 243 Chapter 244 Chapter 245 Chapter 246 Chapter 247 Chapter 248 Chapter 249 Chapter 250 Chapter 251 Chapter 252 Chapter 253 Chapter 254 Chapter 255 Chapter 256 Chapter 257 Chapter 258 Chapter 259 Chapter 260 Chapter 261 Chapter 262 Chapter 263 Chapter 264 Chapter 265 Chapter 266 Chapter 267 Chapter 268 Chapter 269 Chapter 270 Chapter 271 Chapter 272 Chapter 273 Chapter 274 Chapter 275 Chapter 276 Chapter 277 Chapter 278 Chapter 279 Chapter 280 Chapter 281 Chapter 282 Chapter 283 Chapter 284 Chapter 285 Chapter 286 Chapter 287 Chapter 288 Chapter 289 Chapter 290 Chapter 291 Chapter 292 Chapter 293 Chapter 294 Chapter 295 Chapter 296 Chapter 297 Chapter 298 Chapter 299

virāṭa parva

Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Chapter 9 Chapter 10 Chapter 11 Chapter 12 Chapter 13 Chapter 14 Chapter 15 Chapter 16 Chapter 17 Chapter 18 Chapter 19 Chapter 20 Chapter 21 Chapter 22 Chapter 23 Chapter 24 Chapter 25 Chapter 26 Chapter 27 Chapter 28 Chapter 29 Chapter 30 Chapter 31 Chapter 32 Chapter 33 Chapter 34 Chapter 35 Chapter 36 Chapter 37 Chapter 38 Chapter 39 Chapter 40 Chapter 41 Chapter 42 Chapter 43 Chapter 44 Chapter 45 Chapter 46 Chapter 47 Chapter 48 Chapter 49 Chapter 50 Chapter 51 Chapter 52 Chapter 53 Chapter 54 Chapter 55 Chapter 56 Chapter 57 Chapter 58 Chapter 59 Chapter 60 Chapter 61 Chapter 62 Chapter 63 Chapter 64 Chapter 65 Chapter 66 Chapter 67

udyoga parva

Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Chapter 9 Chapter 10 Chapter 11 Chapter 12 Chapter 13 Chapter 14 Chapter 15 Chapter 16 Chapter 17 Chapter 18 Chapter 19 Chapter 20 Chapter 21 Chapter 22 Chapter 23 Chapter 24 Chapter 25 Chapter 26 Chapter 27 Chapter 28 Chapter 29 Chapter 30 Chapter 31 Chapter 32 Chapter 33 Chapter 34 Chapter 35 Chapter 36 Chapter 37 Chapter 38 Chapter 39 Chapter 40 Chapter 41 Chapter 42 Chapter 43 Chapter 44 Chapter 45 Chapter 46 Chapter 47 Chapter 48 Chapter 49 Chapter 50 Chapter 51 Chapter 52 Chapter 53 Chapter 54 Chapter 55 Chapter 56 Chapter 57 Chapter 58 Chapter 59 Chapter 60 Chapter 61 Chapter 62 Chapter 63 Chapter 64 Chapter 65 Chapter 66 Chapter 67 Chapter 68 Chapter 69 Chapter 70 Chapter 71 Chapter 72 Chapter 73 Chapter 74 Chapter 75 Chapter 76 Chapter 77 Chapter 78 Chapter 79 Chapter 80 Chapter 81 Chapter 82 Chapter 83 Chapter 84 Chapter 85 Chapter 86 Chapter 87 Chapter 88 Chapter 89 Chapter 90 Chapter 91 Chapter 92 Chapter 93 Chapter 94 Chapter 95 Chapter 96 Chapter 97 Chapter 98 Chapter 99 Chapter 100 Chapter 101 Chapter 102 Chapter 103 Chapter 104 Chapter 105 Chapter 106 Chapter 107 Chapter 108 Chapter 109 Chapter 110 Chapter 111 Chapter 112 Chapter 113 Chapter 114 Chapter 115 Chapter 116 Chapter 117 Chapter 118 Chapter 119 Chapter 120 Chapter 121 Chapter 122 Chapter 123 Chapter 124 Chapter 125 Chapter 126 Chapter 127 Chapter 128 Chapter 129 Chapter 130 Chapter 131 Chapter 132 Chapter 133 Chapter 134 Chapter 135 Chapter 136 Chapter 137 Chapter 138 Chapter 139 Chapter 140 Chapter 141 Chapter 142 Chapter 143 Chapter 144 Chapter 145 Chapter 146 Chapter 147 Chapter 148 Chapter 149 Chapter 150 Chapter 151 Chapter 152 Chapter 153 Chapter 154 Chapter 155 Chapter 156 Chapter 157 Chapter 158 Chapter 159 Chapter 160 Chapter 161 Chapter 162 Chapter 163 Chapter 164 Chapter 165 Chapter 166 Chapter 167 Chapter 168 Chapter 169 Chapter 170 Chapter 171 Chapter 172 Chapter 173 Chapter 174 Chapter 175 Chapter 176 Chapter 177 Chapter 178 Chapter 179 Chapter 180 Chapter 181 Chapter 182 Chapter 183 Chapter 184 Chapter 185 Chapter 186 Chapter 187 Chapter 188 Chapter 189 Chapter 190 Chapter 191 Chapter 192 Chapter 193 Chapter 194 Chapter 195 Chapter 196 Chapter 197

bhīṣma parva

Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Chapter 9 Chapter 10 Chapter 11 Chapter 12 Chapter 13 Chapter 14 Chapter 15 Chapter 16 Chapter 17 Chapter 18 Chapter 19 Chapter 20 Chapter 21 Chapter 22 Chapter 23 Chapter 24 Chapter 25 Chapter 26 Chapter 27 Chapter 28 Chapter 29 Chapter 30 Chapter 31 Chapter 32 Chapter 33 Chapter 34 Chapter 35 Chapter 36 Chapter 37 Chapter 38 Chapter 39 Chapter 40 Chapter 41 Chapter 42 Chapter 43 Chapter 44 Chapter 45 Chapter 46 Chapter 47 Chapter 48 Chapter 49 Chapter 50 Chapter 51 Chapter 52 Chapter 53 Chapter 54 Chapter 55 Chapter 56 Chapter 57 Chapter 58 Chapter 59 Chapter 60 Chapter 61 Chapter 62 Chapter 63 Chapter 64 Chapter 65 Chapter 66 Chapter 67 Chapter 68 Chapter 69 Chapter 70 Chapter 71 Chapter 72 Chapter 73 Chapter 74 Chapter 75 Chapter 76 Chapter 77 Chapter 78 Chapter 79 Chapter 80 Chapter 81 Chapter 82 Chapter 83 Chapter 84 Chapter 85 Chapter 86 Chapter 87 Chapter 88 Chapter 89 Chapter 90 Chapter 91 Chapter 92 Chapter 93 Chapter 94 Chapter 95 Chapter 96 Chapter 97 Chapter 98 Chapter 99 Chapter 100 Chapter 101 Chapter 102 Chapter 103 Chapter 104 Chapter 105 Chapter 106 Chapter 107 Chapter 108 Chapter 109 Chapter 110 Chapter 111 Chapter 112 Chapter 113 Chapter 114 Chapter 115 Chapter 116 Chapter 117

droṇa parva

Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Chapter 9 Chapter 10 Chapter 11 Chapter 12 Chapter 13 Chapter 14 Chapter 15 Chapter 16 Chapter 17 Chapter 18 Chapter 19 Chapter 20 Chapter 21 Chapter 22 Chapter 23 Chapter 24 Chapter 25 Chapter 26 Chapter 27 Chapter 28 Chapter 29 Chapter 30 Chapter 31 Chapter 32 Chapter 33 Chapter 34 Chapter 35 Chapter 36 Chapter 37 Chapter 38 Chapter 39 Chapter 40 Chapter 41 Chapter 42 Chapter 43 Chapter 44 Chapter 45 Chapter 46 Chapter 47 Chapter 48 Chapter 49 Chapter 50 Chapter 51 Chapter 52 Chapter 53 Chapter 54 Chapter 55 Chapter 56 Chapter 57 Chapter 58 Chapter 59 Chapter 60 Chapter 61 Chapter 62 Chapter 63 Chapter 64 Chapter 65 Chapter 66 Chapter 67 Chapter 68 Chapter 69 Chapter 70 Chapter 71 Chapter 72 Chapter 73 Chapter 74 Chapter 75 Chapter 76 Chapter 77 Chapter 78 Chapter 79 Chapter 80 Chapter 81 Chapter 82 Chapter 83 Chapter 84 Chapter 85 Chapter 86 Chapter 87 Chapter 88 Chapter 89 Chapter 90 Chapter 91 Chapter 92 Chapter 93 Chapter 94 Chapter 95 Chapter 96 Chapter 97 Chapter 98 Chapter 99 Chapter 100 Chapter 101 Chapter 102 Chapter 103 Chapter 104 Chapter 105 Chapter 106 Chapter 107 Chapter 108 Chapter 109 Chapter 110 Chapter 111 Chapter 112 Chapter 113 Chapter 114 Chapter 115 Chapter 116 Chapter 117 Chapter 118 Chapter 119 Chapter 120 Chapter 121 Chapter 122 Chapter 123 Chapter 124 Chapter 125 Chapter 126 Chapter 127 Chapter 128 Chapter 129 Chapter 130 Chapter 131 Chapter 132 Chapter 133 Chapter 134 Chapter 135 Chapter 136 Chapter 137 Chapter 138 Chapter 139 Chapter 140 Chapter 141 Chapter 142 Chapter 143 Chapter 144 Chapter 145 Chapter 146 Chapter 147 Chapter 148 Chapter 149 Chapter 150 Chapter 151 Chapter 152 Chapter 153 Chapter 154 Chapter 155 Chapter 156 Chapter 157 Chapter 158 Chapter 159 Chapter 160 Chapter 161 Chapter 162 Chapter 163 Chapter 164 Chapter 165 Chapter 166 Chapter 167 Chapter 168 Chapter 169 Chapter 170 Chapter 171 Chapter 172 Chapter 173

karṇa parva

Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Chapter 9 Chapter 10 Chapter 11 Chapter 12 Chapter 13 Chapter 14 Chapter 15 Chapter 16 Chapter 17 Chapter 18 Chapter 19 Chapter 20 Chapter 21 Chapter 22 Chapter 23 Chapter 24 Chapter 25 Chapter 26 Chapter 27 Chapter 28 Chapter 29 Chapter 30 Chapter 31 Chapter 32 Chapter 33 Chapter 34 Chapter 35 Chapter 36 Chapter 37 Chapter 38 Chapter 39 Chapter 40 Chapter 41 Chapter 42 Chapter 43 Chapter 44 Chapter 45 Chapter 46 Chapter 47 Chapter 48 Chapter 49 Chapter 50 Chapter 51 Chapter 52 Chapter 53 Chapter 54 Chapter 55 Chapter 56 Chapter 57 Chapter 58 Chapter 59 Chapter 60 Chapter 61 Chapter 62 Chapter 63 Chapter 64 Chapter 65 Chapter 66 Chapter 67 Chapter 68 Chapter 69

śalya parva

Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Chapter 9 Chapter 10 Chapter 11 Chapter 12 Chapter 13 Chapter 14 Chapter 15 Chapter 16 Chapter 17 Chapter 18 Chapter 19 Chapter 20 Chapter 21 Chapter 22 Chapter 23 Chapter 24 Chapter 25 Chapter 26 Chapter 27 Chapter 28 Chapter 29 Chapter 30 Chapter 31 Chapter 32 Chapter 33 Chapter 34 Chapter 35 Chapter 36 Chapter 37 Chapter 38 Chapter 39 Chapter 40 Chapter 41 Chapter 42 Chapter 43 Chapter 44 Chapter 45 Chapter 46 Chapter 47 Chapter 48 Chapter 49 Chapter 50 Chapter 51 Chapter 52 Chapter 53 Chapter 54 Chapter 55 Chapter 56 Chapter 57 Chapter 58 Chapter 59 Chapter 60 Chapter 61 Chapter 62 Chapter 63 Chapter 64

sauptika parva

Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Chapter 9 Chapter 10 Chapter 11 Chapter 12 Chapter 13 Chapter 14 Chapter 15 Chapter 16 Chapter 17 Chapter 18

strī parva

Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Chapter 9 Chapter 10 Chapter 11 Chapter 12 Chapter 13 Chapter 14 Chapter 15 Chapter 16 Chapter 17 Chapter 18 Chapter 19 Chapter 20 Chapter 21 Chapter 22 Chapter 23 Chapter 24 Chapter 25 Chapter 26 Chapter 27

śānti parva (current book)

Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Chapter 9 Chapter 10 Chapter 11 Chapter 12 Chapter 13 Chapter 14 Chapter 15 Chapter 16 Chapter 17 Chapter 18 Chapter 19 Chapter 20 Chapter 21 Chapter 22 Chapter 23 Chapter 24 Chapter 25 Chapter 26 Chapter 27 Chapter 28 Chapter 29 Chapter 30 Chapter 31 Chapter 32 Chapter 33 Chapter 34 Chapter 35 Chapter 36 Chapter 37 Chapter 38 Chapter 39 Chapter 40 Chapter 41 Chapter 42 Chapter 43 Chapter 44 Chapter 45 Chapter 46 Chapter 47 Chapter 48 Chapter 49 Chapter 50 Chapter 51 Chapter 52 Chapter 53 Chapter 54 Chapter 55 Chapter 56 Chapter 57 Chapter 58 Chapter 59 Chapter 60 Chapter 61 Chapter 62 Chapter 63 Chapter 64 Chapter 65 Chapter 66 Chapter 67 Chapter 68 Chapter 69 Chapter 70 Chapter 71 Chapter 72 Chapter 73 Chapter 74 Chapter 75 Chapter 76 Chapter 77 Chapter 78 Chapter 79 Chapter 80 Chapter 81 Chapter 82 Chapter 83 Chapter 84 Chapter 85 Chapter 86 Chapter 87 Chapter 88 Chapter 89 Chapter 90 Chapter 91 Chapter 92 Chapter 93 Chapter 94 Chapter 95 Chapter 96 Chapter 97 Chapter 98 Chapter 99 Chapter 100 Chapter 101 Chapter 102 Chapter 103 Chapter 104 Chapter 105 Chapter 106 Chapter 107 Chapter 108 Chapter 109 Chapter 110 Chapter 111 Chapter 112 Chapter 113 Chapter 114 Chapter 115 Chapter 116 Chapter 117 Chapter 118 Chapter 119 Chapter 120 (current chapter) Chapter 121 Chapter 122 Chapter 123 Chapter 124 Chapter 125 Chapter 126 Chapter 127 Chapter 128 Chapter 129 Chapter 130 Chapter 131 Chapter 132 Chapter 133 Chapter 134 Chapter 135 Chapter 136 Chapter 137 Chapter 138 Chapter 139 Chapter 140 Chapter 141 Chapter 142 Chapter 143 Chapter 144 Chapter 145 Chapter 146 Chapter 147 Chapter 148 Chapter 149 Chapter 150 Chapter 151 Chapter 152 Chapter 153 Chapter 154 Chapter 155 Chapter 156 Chapter 157 Chapter 158 Chapter 159 Chapter 160 Chapter 161 Chapter 162 Chapter 163 Chapter 164 Chapter 165 Chapter 166 Chapter 167 Chapter 168 Chapter 169 Chapter 170 Chapter 171 Chapter 172 Chapter 173 Chapter 174 Chapter 175 Chapter 176 Chapter 177 Chapter 178 Chapter 179 Chapter 180 Chapter 181 Chapter 182 Chapter 183 Chapter 184 Chapter 185 Chapter 186 Chapter 187 Chapter 188 Chapter 189 Chapter 190 Chapter 191 Chapter 192 Chapter 193 Chapter 194 Chapter 195 Chapter 196 Chapter 197 Chapter 198 Chapter 199 Chapter 200 Chapter 201 Chapter 202 Chapter 203 Chapter 204 Chapter 205 Chapter 206 Chapter 207 Chapter 208 Chapter 209 Chapter 210 Chapter 211 Chapter 212 Chapter 213 Chapter 214 Chapter 215 Chapter 216 Chapter 217 Chapter 218 Chapter 219 Chapter 220 Chapter 221 Chapter 222 Chapter 223 Chapter 224 Chapter 225 Chapter 226 Chapter 227 Chapter 228 Chapter 229 Chapter 230 Chapter 231 Chapter 232 Chapter 233 Chapter 234 Chapter 235 Chapter 236 Chapter 237 Chapter 238 Chapter 239 Chapter 240 Chapter 241 Chapter 242 Chapter 243 Chapter 244 Chapter 245 Chapter 246 Chapter 247 Chapter 248 Chapter 249 Chapter 250 Chapter 251 Chapter 252 Chapter 253 Chapter 254 Chapter 255 Chapter 256 Chapter 257 Chapter 258 Chapter 259 Chapter 260 Chapter 261 Chapter 262 Chapter 263 Chapter 264 Chapter 265 Chapter 266 Chapter 267 Chapter 268 Chapter 269 Chapter 270 Chapter 271 Chapter 272 Chapter 273 Chapter 274 Chapter 275 Chapter 276 Chapter 277 Chapter 278 Chapter 279 Chapter 280 Chapter 281 Chapter 282 Chapter 283 Chapter 284 Chapter 285 Chapter 286 Chapter 287 Chapter 288 Chapter 289 Chapter 290 Chapter 291 Chapter 292 Chapter 293 Chapter 294 Chapter 295 Chapter 296 Chapter 297 Chapter 298 Chapter 299 Chapter 300 Chapter 301 Chapter 302 Chapter 303 Chapter 304 Chapter 305 Chapter 306 Chapter 307 Chapter 308 Chapter 309 Chapter 310 Chapter 311 Chapter 312 Chapter 313 Chapter 314 Chapter 315 Chapter 316 Chapter 317 Chapter 318 Chapter 319 Chapter 320 Chapter 321 Chapter 322 Chapter 323 Chapter 324 Chapter 325 Chapter 326 Chapter 327 Chapter 328 Chapter 329 Chapter 330 Chapter 331 Chapter 332 Chapter 333 Chapter 334 Chapter 335 Chapter 336 Chapter 337 Chapter 338 Chapter 339 Chapter 340 Chapter 341 Chapter 342 Chapter 343 Chapter 344 Chapter 345 Chapter 346 Chapter 347 Chapter 348 Chapter 349 Chapter 350 Chapter 351 Chapter 352 Chapter 353

anuśāsana parva

Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Chapter 9 Chapter 10 Chapter 11 Chapter 12 Chapter 13 Chapter 14 Chapter 15 Chapter 16 Chapter 17 Chapter 18 Chapter 19 Chapter 20 Chapter 21 Chapter 22 Chapter 23 Chapter 24 Chapter 25 Chapter 26 Chapter 27 Chapter 28 Chapter 29 Chapter 30 Chapter 31 Chapter 32 Chapter 33 Chapter 34 Chapter 35 Chapter 36 Chapter 37 Chapter 38 Chapter 39 Chapter 40 Chapter 41 Chapter 42 Chapter 43 Chapter 44 Chapter 45 Chapter 46 Chapter 47 Chapter 48 Chapter 49 Chapter 50 Chapter 51 Chapter 52 Chapter 53 Chapter 54 Chapter 55 Chapter 56 Chapter 57 Chapter 58 Chapter 59 Chapter 60 Chapter 61 Chapter 62 Chapter 63 Chapter 64 Chapter 65 Chapter 66 Chapter 67 Chapter 68 Chapter 69 Chapter 70 Chapter 71 Chapter 72 Chapter 73 Chapter 74 Chapter 75 Chapter 76 Chapter 77 Chapter 78 Chapter 79 Chapter 80 Chapter 81 Chapter 82 Chapter 83 Chapter 84 Chapter 85 Chapter 86 Chapter 87 Chapter 88 Chapter 89 Chapter 90 Chapter 91 Chapter 92 Chapter 93 Chapter 94 Chapter 95 Chapter 96 Chapter 97 Chapter 98 Chapter 99 Chapter 100 Chapter 101 Chapter 102 Chapter 103 Chapter 104 Chapter 105 Chapter 106 Chapter 107 Chapter 108 Chapter 109 Chapter 110 Chapter 111 Chapter 112 Chapter 113 Chapter 114 Chapter 115 Chapter 116 Chapter 117 Chapter 118 Chapter 119 Chapter 120 Chapter 121 Chapter 122 Chapter 123 Chapter 124 Chapter 125 Chapter 126 Chapter 127 Chapter 128 Chapter 129 Chapter 130 Chapter 131 Chapter 132 Chapter 133 Chapter 134 Chapter 135 Chapter 136 Chapter 137 Chapter 138 Chapter 139 Chapter 140 Chapter 141 Chapter 142 Chapter 143 Chapter 144 Chapter 145 Chapter 146 Chapter 147 Chapter 148 Chapter 149 Chapter 150 Chapter 151 Chapter 152 Chapter 153 Chapter 154

aśvamedhika parva

Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Chapter 9 Chapter 10 Chapter 11 Chapter 12 Chapter 13 Chapter 14 Chapter 15 Chapter 16 Chapter 17 Chapter 18 Chapter 19 Chapter 20 Chapter 21 Chapter 22 Chapter 23 Chapter 24 Chapter 25 Chapter 26 Chapter 27 Chapter 28 Chapter 29 Chapter 30 Chapter 31 Chapter 32 Chapter 33 Chapter 34 Chapter 35 Chapter 36 Chapter 37 Chapter 38 Chapter 39 Chapter 40 Chapter 41 Chapter 42 Chapter 43 Chapter 44 Chapter 45 Chapter 46 Chapter 47 Chapter 48 Chapter 49 Chapter 50 Chapter 51 Chapter 52 Chapter 53 Chapter 54 Chapter 55 Chapter 56 Chapter 57 Chapter 58 Chapter 59 Chapter 60 Chapter 61 Chapter 62 Chapter 63 Chapter 64 Chapter 65 Chapter 66 Chapter 67 Chapter 68 Chapter 69 Chapter 70 Chapter 71 Chapter 72 Chapter 73 Chapter 74 Chapter 75 Chapter 76 Chapter 77 Chapter 78 Chapter 79 Chapter 80 Chapter 81 Chapter 82 Chapter 83 Chapter 84 Chapter 85 Chapter 86 Chapter 87 Chapter 88 Chapter 89 Chapter 90 Chapter 91 Chapter 92 Chapter 93 Chapter 94 Chapter 95 Chapter 96

āśramavāsika parva

Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Chapter 9 Chapter 10 Chapter 11 Chapter 12 Chapter 13 Chapter 14 Chapter 15 Chapter 16 Chapter 17 Chapter 18 Chapter 19 Chapter 20 Chapter 21 Chapter 22 Chapter 23 Chapter 24 Chapter 25 Chapter 26 Chapter 27 Chapter 28 Chapter 29 Chapter 30 Chapter 31 Chapter 32 Chapter 33 Chapter 34 Chapter 35 Chapter 36 Chapter 37 Chapter 38 Chapter 39 Chapter 40 Chapter 41 Chapter 42 Chapter 43 Chapter 44 Chapter 45 Chapter 46 Chapter 47

mausala parva

Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Chapter 9

mahāprasthānika parva

Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3

svargārohaṇa parva

Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5