महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-56, verse-54

हयं वा दन्तिनं वापि रथं नृपतिसंमतम् ।
अधिरोहन्त्यनादृत्य हर्षुले पार्थिवे मृदौ ॥५४॥

54. hayaṁ vā dantinaṁ vāpi rathaṁ nṛpatisaṁmatam ,
adhirohantyanādṛtya harṣule pārthive mṛdau.

54. hayaṃ vā dantinam vā api ratham nṛpatisammatam
adhirohanti anādṛtya harṣule pārthive mṛdau

54. pārthive harṣule mṛdau ca anādṛtyahayaṃ vā api
dantinam vā nṛpatisammatam ratham adhirohanti

54. When a king is overexcited and gentle, they disrespect him and mount his horses, elephants, or even his cherished chariots.

Words meanings summery:

• हयम् (hayam) - horse

• वा (vā) - or

• दन्तिनम् (dantinam) - elephant

• वा (vā) - or

• अपि (api) - even, also

• रथम् (ratham) - chariot

• नृपतिसम्मतम् (nṛpatisammatam) - cherished by the king, approved by the king

• अधिरोहन्ति (adhirohanti) - they mount, they ascend

• अनादृत्य (anādṛtya) - having disregarded, disrespecting

• हर्षुले (harṣule) - overexcited, joyous, agitated

• पार्थिवे (pārthive) - in the king, when the king is

• मृदौ (mṛdau) - gentle, soft, mild

Words meanings and morphology

हयम् (hayam) - horse

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of haya

haya - a horse

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

दन्तिनम् (dantinam) - elephant

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dantin

dantin - elephant

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - even, also

(indeclinable)

रथम् (ratham) - chariot

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot, carriage

नृपतिसम्मतम् (nṛpatisammatam) - cherished by the king, approved by the king

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nṛpatisammata

nṛpatisammata - approved or cherished by the king

tatpurusha compound

nṛpati + sammata

Compound type : tatpurusha (nṛpati+sammata)

• nṛpati – king
  noun (masculine)
• sammata – approved, esteemed, agreed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  sam + man
  Prefix: sam
  Root: man (class 4)

अधिरोहन्ति (adhirohanti) - they mount, they ascend

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of adhiroh

Prefix: adhi

Root: ruh (class 1)

अनादृत्य (anādṛtya) - having disregarded, disrespecting

(indeclinable)

absolutive / gerund

an + ā + dṛ

Prefixes: an+ā

Root: dṛ (class 6)

हर्षुले (harṣule) - overexcited, joyous, agitated

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of harṣula

harṣula - overexcited, thrilled, joyful

पार्थिवे (pārthive) - in the king, when the king is

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of pārthiva

pārthiva - king, ruler

मृदौ (mṛdau) - gentle, soft, mild

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of mṛdu

mṛdu - soft, tender, gentle

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