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महाभारतः       mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-97

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वैशंपायन उवाच ।
ततः सत्यवती दीना कृपणा पुत्रगृद्धिनी ।
पुत्रस्य कृत्वा कार्याणि स्नुषाभ्यां सह भारत ॥१॥
1. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
tataḥ satyavatī dīnā kṛpaṇā putragṛddhinī ,
putrasya kṛtvā kāryāṇi snuṣābhyāṁ saha bhārata.
1. vaiśampāyana uvāca tataḥ satyavatī dīnā kṛpaṇā
putragṛddhinī putrasya kṛtvā kāryāṇi snuṣābhyām saha bhārata
1. Vaiśampāyana said: "Then, O Bhārata, Satyavati, distraught, pitiable, and intensely longing for a son, completed her son's funeral rites together with her two daughters-in-law."
धर्मं च पितृवंशं च मातृवंशं च मानिनी ।
प्रसमीक्ष्य महाभागा गाङ्गेयं वाक्यमब्रवीत् ॥२॥
2. dharmaṁ ca pitṛvaṁśaṁ ca mātṛvaṁśaṁ ca māninī ,
prasamīkṣya mahābhāgā gāṅgeyaṁ vākyamabravīt.
2. dharmam ca pitṛvaṃśam ca mātṛvaṃśam ca māninī
prasamīkṣya mahābhāgā gāṅgeyam vākyam abravīt
2. The esteemed and noble lady, having carefully considered both the dharma of her paternal lineage and her maternal lineage, spoke these words to Gaṅgeya (Bhishma).
शंतनोर्धर्मनित्यस्य कौरव्यस्य यशस्विनः ।
त्वयि पिण्डश्च कीर्तिश्च संतानं च प्रतिष्ठितम् ॥३॥
3. śaṁtanordharmanityasya kauravyasya yaśasvinaḥ ,
tvayi piṇḍaśca kīrtiśca saṁtānaṁ ca pratiṣṭhitam.
3. śāntanoḥ dharmanityasya kauravyasya yaśasvinaḥ
tvayi piṇḍaḥ ca kīrtiḥ ca saṃtānam ca pratiṣṭhitam
3. In you (Bhishma), the pinda (ancestral offerings), fame, and lineage of Śāntanu—who was ever devoted to dharma, a Kuru, and glorious—are established.
यथा कर्म शुभं कृत्वा स्वर्गोपगमनं ध्रुवम् ।
यथा चायुर्ध्रुवं सत्ये त्वयि धर्मस्तथा ध्रुवः ॥४॥
4. yathā karma śubhaṁ kṛtvā svargopagamanaṁ dhruvam ,
yathā cāyurdhruvaṁ satye tvayi dharmastathā dhruvaḥ.
4. yathā karma śubham kṛtvā svargopagamanam dhruvam yathā
ca āyuḥ dhruvam satye tvayi dharmaḥ tathā dhruvaḥ
4. Just as the attainment of heaven is certain after performing auspicious karma, and just as life is certain for one who is truthful, so too, dharma is firmly established in you.
वेत्थ धर्मांश्च धर्मज्ञ समासेनेतरेण च ।
विविधास्त्वं श्रुतीर्वेत्थ वेत्थ वेदांश्च सर्वशः ॥५॥
5. vettha dharmāṁśca dharmajña samāsenetareṇa ca ,
vividhāstvaṁ śrutīrvettha vettha vedāṁśca sarvaśaḥ.
5. vettha dharmān ca dharmajña samāsena itareṇa ca
vividhāḥ tvam śrutīḥ vettha vettha vedān ca sarvaśaḥ
5. O knower of dharma, you understand dharmas both in their concise forms and in their elaborate details. You know the various śrutis (revealed texts), and you know all the Vedas thoroughly.
व्यवस्थानं च ते धर्मे कुलाचारं च लक्षये ।
प्रतिपत्तिं च कृच्छ्रेषु शुक्राङ्गिरसयोरिव ॥६॥
6. vyavasthānaṁ ca te dharme kulācāraṁ ca lakṣaye ,
pratipattiṁ ca kṛcchreṣu śukrāṅgirasayoriva.
6. vyavasthānaṃ ca te dharme kula-ācāraṃ ca lakṣaye
pratipattiṃ ca kṛcchreṣu śukra-aṅgirasayoḥ iva
6. I perceive your steadfastness in dharma, your family customs, and your conduct in difficult situations, just like that of Śukra and Aṅgiras.
तस्मात्सुभृशमाश्वस्य त्वयि धर्मभृतां वर ।
कार्ये त्वां विनियोक्ष्यामि तच्छ्रुत्वा कर्तुमर्हसि ॥७॥
7. tasmātsubhṛśamāśvasya tvayi dharmabhṛtāṁ vara ,
kārye tvāṁ viniyokṣyāmi tacchrutvā kartumarhasi.
7. tasmāt subhṛśam āśvasya tvayi dharma-bhṛtām vara
kārye tvāṃ viniyokṣyāmi tat śrutvā kartum arhasi
7. Therefore, O best among the upholders of dharma, having placed great trust in you, I will appoint you to a task. After hearing it, you should be able to perform it.
मम पुत्रस्तव भ्राता वीर्यवान्सुप्रियश्च ते ।
बाल एव गतः स्वर्गमपुत्रः पुरुषर्षभ ॥८॥
8. mama putrastava bhrātā vīryavānsupriyaśca te ,
bāla eva gataḥ svargamaputraḥ puruṣarṣabha.
8. mama putraḥ tava bhrātā vīryavān supriyaḥ ca te
bālaḥ eva gataḥ svargam aputraḥ puruṣa-ṛṣabha
8. My son, your brother, who was valorous and very dear to you, went to heaven when he was just a child and without a son, O best among men.
इमे महिष्यौ भ्रातुस्ते काशिराजसुते शुभे ।
रूपयौवनसंपन्ने पुत्रकामे च भारत ॥९॥
9. ime mahiṣyau bhrātuste kāśirājasute śubhe ,
rūpayauvanasaṁpanne putrakāme ca bhārata.
9. ime mahiṣyau bhrātuḥ te kāśi-rāja-sute śubhe
rūpa-yauvana-saṃpanne putra-kāme ca bhārata
9. O Bhārata, these two beautiful principal wives of your brother are daughters of the King of Kāśi, endowed with beauty and youth, and longing for sons.
तयोरुत्पादयापत्यं संतानाय कुलस्य नः ।
मन्नियोगान्महाभाग धर्मं कर्तुमिहार्हसि ॥१०॥
10. tayorutpādayāpatyaṁ saṁtānāya kulasya naḥ ,
manniyogānmahābhāga dharmaṁ kartumihārhasi.
10. tayoḥ utpādaya apatyaṃ saṃtānāya kulasya naḥ
mat-niyogāt mahābhāga dharmaṃ kartum iha arhasi
10. Produce offspring in them for the continuation of our lineage. O greatly fortunate one, by my command, you ought to perform this dharma here.
राज्ये चैवाभिषिच्यस्व भारताननुशाधि च ।
दारांश्च कुरु धर्मेण मा निमज्जीः पितामहान् ॥११॥
11. rājye caivābhiṣicyasva bhāratānanuśādhi ca ,
dārāṁśca kuru dharmeṇa mā nimajjīḥ pitāmahān.
11. rājye ca eva abhiṣicyasva bhāratān anuśādhi ca
dārāḥ ca kuru dharmeṇa mā nimajjīḥ pitāmahān
11. Anoint yourself in the kingdom, rule the Bhāratas, and take a wife righteously. Do not disgrace your ancestors.
तथोच्यमानो मात्रा च सुहृद्भिश्च परंतपः ।
प्रत्युवाच स धर्मात्मा धर्म्यमेवोत्तरं वचः ॥१२॥
12. tathocyamāno mātrā ca suhṛdbhiśca paraṁtapaḥ ,
pratyuvāca sa dharmātmā dharmyamevottaraṁ vacaḥ.
12. tathā ucyamānaḥ mātrā ca suhṛdbhiḥ ca paraṃtapaḥ
prati uvāca saḥ dharmātmā dharmyam eva uttaram vacaḥ
12. When thus addressed by his mother and his friends, he, the tormentor of enemies and the righteous one, indeed replied with appropriate words.
असंशयं परो धर्मस्त्वया मातरुदाहृतः ।
त्वमपत्यं प्रति च मे प्रतिज्ञां वेत्थ वै पराम् ॥१३॥
13. asaṁśayaṁ paro dharmastvayā mātarudāhṛtaḥ ,
tvamapatyaṁ prati ca me pratijñāṁ vettha vai parām.
13. asaṃśayam paraḥ dharmaḥ tvayā mātaḥ udāhṛtaḥ tvam
apatyam prati ca me pratijñām vettha vai parām
13. Certainly, O Mother, you have declared the supreme dharma. And you surely know my highest vow concerning offspring.
जानासि च यथावृत्तं शुल्कहेतोस्त्वदन्तरे ।
स सत्यवति सत्यं ते प्रतिजानाम्यहं पुनः ॥१४॥
14. jānāsi ca yathāvṛttaṁ śulkahetostvadantare ,
sa satyavati satyaṁ te pratijānāmyahaṁ punaḥ.
14. jānāsi ca yathāvṛttam śulkahetoḥ tvat antare
saḥ satyavati satyam te pratijānāmi aham punaḥ
14. And you know how it happened regarding the bride-price concerning you. Therefore, O Satyavati, I promise you the truth again.
परित्यजेयं त्रैलोक्यं राज्यं देवेषु वा पुनः ।
यद्वाप्यधिकमेताभ्यां न तु सत्यं कथंचन ॥१५॥
15. parityajeyaṁ trailokyaṁ rājyaṁ deveṣu vā punaḥ ,
yadvāpyadhikametābhyāṁ na tu satyaṁ kathaṁcana.
15. parityajeyam trailokyam rājyam deveṣu vā punaḥ yat
vā api adhikam etābhyām na tu satyam kathaṃcana
15. I would abandon the three worlds, or even the kingdom among the gods, or whatever else is greater than these two; but I will certainly not abandon my truth (or vow) under any circumstances.
त्यजेच्च पृथिवी गन्धमापश्च रसमात्मनः ।
ज्योतिस्तथा त्यजेद्रूपं वायुः स्पर्शगुणं त्यजेत् ॥१६॥
16. tyajecca pṛthivī gandhamāpaśca rasamātmanaḥ ,
jyotistathā tyajedrūpaṁ vāyuḥ sparśaguṇaṁ tyajet.
16. tyajet ca pṛthivī gandham āpaḥ ca rasam ātmanaḥ
jyotiḥ tathā tyajet rūpam vāyuḥ sparśaguṇam tyajet
16. The earth would abandon its smell, and water its taste; similarly, light would abandon its form, and air its quality of touch.
प्रभां समुत्सृजेदर्को धूमकेतुस्तथोष्णताम् ।
त्यजेच्छब्दं तथाकाशः सोमः शीतांशुतां त्यजेत् ॥१७॥
17. prabhāṁ samutsṛjedarko dhūmaketustathoṣṇatām ,
tyajecchabdaṁ tathākāśaḥ somaḥ śītāṁśutāṁ tyajet.
17. prabhām samutsṛjet arkaḥ dhūmaketuḥ tathā uṣṇatām
tyajet śabdam tathā ākāśaḥ somaḥ śītāṃśutām tyajet
17. The sun would abandon its radiance, and a comet its heat; similarly, the sky would abandon its sound, and the moon its coolness.
विक्रमं वृत्रहा जह्याद्धर्मं जह्याच्च धर्मराट् ।
न त्वहं सत्यमुत्स्रष्टुं व्यवसेयं कथंचन ॥१८॥
18. vikramaṁ vṛtrahā jahyāddharmaṁ jahyācca dharmarāṭ ,
na tvahaṁ satyamutsraṣṭuṁ vyavaseyaṁ kathaṁcana.
18. vikramam vṛtrahā jahyāt dharmam jahyāt ca dharmarāṭ
na tu aham satyam utsraṣṭum vyavaseyam kathaṃcana
18. Even Vṛtra-han (Indra) would abandon his valor, and Dharma-rāj (Yama) would abandon dharma. But I, in no way whatsoever, would resolve to abandon truth.
एवमुक्ता तु पुत्रेण भूरिद्रविणतेजसा ।
माता सत्यवती भीष्ममुवाच तदनन्तरम् ॥१९॥
19. evamuktā tu putreṇa bhūridraviṇatejasā ,
mātā satyavatī bhīṣmamuvāca tadanantaram.
19. evam uktā tu putreṇa bhūridraviṇatejasā
mātā satyavatī bhīṣmam uvāca tad anantaram
19. Thus addressed by her son, who possessed immense wealth and splendor, Mother Satyavatī then spoke to Bhīṣma.
जानामि ते स्थितिं सत्ये परां सत्यपराक्रम ।
इच्छन्सृजेथास्त्रीँल्लोकानन्यांस्त्वं स्वेन तेजसा ॥२०॥
20. jānāmi te sthitiṁ satye parāṁ satyaparākrama ,
icchansṛjethāstrīँllokānanyāṁstvaṁ svena tejasā.
20. jānāmi te sthitim satye parām satyaparākrama
icchan sṛjethāḥ trīn lokān anyān tvam svena tejasā
20. O Truthful one of supreme prowess, I know your steadfastness in truth. Desiring, you could create the three worlds, or other worlds, with your own power.
जानामि चैव सत्यं तन्मदर्थं यदभाषथाः ।
आपद्धर्ममवेक्षस्व वह पैतामहीं धुरम् ॥२१॥
21. jānāmi caiva satyaṁ tanmadarthaṁ yadabhāṣathāḥ ,
āpaddharmamavekṣasva vaha paitāmahīṁ dhuram.
21. jānāmi ca eva satyam tat madartham yat abhāṣathāḥ
āpaddharmam avekṣasva vaha paitāmahīm dhuram
21. I certainly know that truth which you spoke for my sake. Therefore, consider the special duty in times of calamity (āpaddharma) and bear the ancestral burden.
यथा ते कुलतन्तुश्च धर्मश्च न पराभवेत् ।
सुहृदश्च प्रहृष्येरंस्तथा कुरु परंतप ॥२२॥
22. yathā te kulatantuśca dharmaśca na parābhavet ,
suhṛdaśca prahṛṣyeraṁstathā kuru paraṁtapa.
22. yathā te kulatantuḥ ca dharmaḥ ca na parābhavet
suhṛdaḥ ca prahṛṣyeran tathā kuru parantapa
22. Act in such a way, O tormentor of foes (parantapa), that your family lineage (kula-tantu) and your constitutional duty (dharma) are not destroyed, and your friends (suhṛd) may rejoice.
लालप्यमानां तामेवं कृपणां पुत्रगृद्धिनीम् ।
धर्मादपेतं ब्रुवतीं भीष्मो भूयोऽब्रवीदिदम् ॥२३॥
23. lālapyamānāṁ tāmevaṁ kṛpaṇāṁ putragṛddhinīm ,
dharmādapetaṁ bruvatīṁ bhīṣmo bhūyo'bravīdidam.
23. lālapyamānām tām evam kṛpaṇām putragṛddhinīm
dharmāt apetam bruvatīm bhīṣmaḥ bhūyaḥ abravīt idam
23. Bhishma spoke this again to her who was lamenting repeatedly, in such a pitiable state, intensely yearning for a son, and uttering words that deviated from natural law (dharma).
राज्ञि धर्मानवेक्षस्व मा नः सर्वान्व्यनीनशः ।
सत्याच्च्युतिः क्षत्रियस्य न धर्मेषु प्रशस्यते ॥२४॥
24. rājñi dharmānavekṣasva mā naḥ sarvānvyanīnaśaḥ ,
satyāccyutiḥ kṣatriyasya na dharmeṣu praśasyate.
24. rājñi dharmān avekṣasva mā naḥ sarvān vyanīnaśaḥ
satyāt cyutiḥ kṣatriyasya na dharmeṣu praśasyate
24. O Queen, reflect upon your (natural) duties (dharma); do not bring destruction upon all of us. For a kshatriya (kṣatriya), a deviation from truth (satya) is never praised within the principles of natural law (dharma).
शंतनोरपि संतानं यथा स्यादक्षयं भुवि ।
तत्ते धर्मं प्रवक्ष्यामि क्षात्रं राज्ञि सनातनम् ॥२५॥
25. śaṁtanorapi saṁtānaṁ yathā syādakṣayaṁ bhuvi ,
tatte dharmaṁ pravakṣyāmi kṣātraṁ rājñi sanātanam.
25. śantanoḥ api saṃtānam yathā syāt akṣayam bhuvi
tat te dharmam pravakṣyāmi kṣātram rājñi sanātanam
25. So that Shantanu's lineage may remain imperishable on earth, therefore, O Queen, I will explain to you that eternal natural law (dharma) pertaining to a kshatriya (kṣatriya).
श्रुत्वा तं प्रतिपद्येथाः प्राज्ञैः सह पुरोहितैः ।
आपद्धर्मार्थकुशलैर्लोकतन्त्रमवेक्ष्य च ॥२६॥
26. śrutvā taṁ pratipadyethāḥ prājñaiḥ saha purohitaiḥ ,
āpaddharmārthakuśalairlokatantramavekṣya ca.
26. śrutvā tam pratipadyethāḥ prājñaiḥ saha purohitaiḥ
āpaddharmārthakuśalaiḥ lokatantram avekṣya ca
26. Having heard that, you should act upon it, together with wise preceptors who are skilled in the principles of natural law (dharma) during times of adversity, and after considering the administration of the state.