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महाभारतः       mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-174

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युधिष्ठिर उवाच ।
यद्यस्ति दत्तमिष्टं वा तपस्तप्तं तथैव च ।
गुरूणां चापि शुश्रूषा तन्मे ब्रूहि पितामह ॥१॥
1. yudhiṣṭhira uvāca ,
yadyasti dattamiṣṭaṁ vā tapastaptaṁ tathaiva ca ,
gurūṇāṁ cāpi śuśrūṣā tanme brūhi pitāmaha.
1. yudhiṣṭhira uvāca | yadi asti dattam iṣṭam vā tapaḥ taptam
tathā eva ca | gurūṇām ca api śuśrūṣā tat me brūhi pitāmaha
1. yudhiṣṭhira uvāca pitāmaha,
yadi dattam vā iṣṭam vā tapaḥ taptam tathā eva ca gurūṇām ca api śuśrūṣā asti,
tat me brūhi
1. Yudhishthira said: "O grandfather, please tell me if there is any charity (dāna) given, or sacrifice performed, or austerity (tapas) practiced, and similarly, service to elders (guru)."
भीष्म उवाच ।
आत्मनानर्थयुक्तेन पापे निविशते मनः ।
स कर्म कलुषं कृत्वा क्लेशे महति धीयते ॥२॥
2. bhīṣma uvāca ,
ātmanānarthayuktena pāpe niviśate manaḥ ,
sa karma kaluṣaṁ kṛtvā kleśe mahati dhīyate.
2. bhīṣma uvāca | ātmanā anartha-yuktena pāpe niviśate
manaḥ | saḥ karma kaluṣam kṛtvā kleśe mahati dhīyate
2. bhīṣma uvāca anartha-yuktena ātmanā manaḥ pāpe
niviśate saḥ kaluṣam karma kṛtvā mahati kleśe dhīyate
2. Bhishma said: "When the mind is associated with a self (ātman) that is prone to harm, it becomes absorbed in sin. Such a person, having performed defiled deeds (karma), is then consigned to great distress."
दुर्भिक्षादेव दुर्भिक्षं क्लेशात्क्लेशं भयाद्भयम् ।
मृतेभ्यः प्रमृतं यान्ति दरिद्राः पापकारिणः ॥३॥
3. durbhikṣādeva durbhikṣaṁ kleśātkleśaṁ bhayādbhayam ,
mṛtebhyaḥ pramṛtaṁ yānti daridrāḥ pāpakāriṇaḥ.
3. durbhikṣāt eva durbhikṣam kleśāt kleśam bhayāt bhayam
| mṛtebhyaḥ pramṛtam yānti daridrāḥ pāpakāriṇaḥ
3. daridrāḥ pāpakāriṇaḥ durbhikṣāt eva durbhikṣam
kleśāt kleśam bhayāt bhayam mṛtebhyaḥ pramṛtam yānti
3. Those who are impoverished and commit sins go from one famine to another, from one suffering to another, from one fear to another, and from the dead to utter death.
उत्सवादुत्सवं यान्ति स्वर्गात्स्वर्गं सुखात्सुखम् ।
श्रद्दधानाश्च दान्ताश्च धनाढ्याः शुभकारिणः ॥४॥
4. utsavādutsavaṁ yānti svargātsvargaṁ sukhātsukham ,
śraddadhānāśca dāntāśca dhanāḍhyāḥ śubhakāriṇaḥ.
4. utsavāt utsavam yānti svargāt svargam sukhāt sukham
| śraddadhānāḥ ca dāntāḥ ca dhanāḍhyāḥ śubhakāriṇaḥ
4. śraddadhānāḥ ca dāntāḥ ca dhanāḍhyāḥ śubhakāriṇaḥ
utsavāt utsavam svargāt svargam sukhāt sukham yānti
4. The faithful (śraddhā), the self-controlled, the wealthy, and those who perform auspicious deeds go from one festival to another, from one heaven to another, and from one happiness to another.
व्यालकुञ्जरदुर्गेषु सर्पचोरभयेषु च ।
हस्तावापेन गच्छन्ति नास्तिकाः किमतः परम् ॥५॥
5. vyālakuñjaradurgeṣu sarpacorabhayeṣu ca ,
hastāvāpena gacchanti nāstikāḥ kimataḥ param.
5. vyālakunjaradurgeṣu sarpacorabhayeṣu ca
hastāvāpena gacchanti nāstikāḥ kim ataḥ param
5. nāstikāḥ vyālakunjaradurgeṣu sarpacorabhayeṣu
ca hastāvāpena gacchanti kim ataḥ param
5. Even in places dangerous due to wild animals and elephants, and amidst the fear of serpents and thieves, atheists proceed carelessly, with their hands outstretched. What more can be said beyond this?
प्रियदेवातिथेयाश्च वदान्याः प्रियसाधवः ।
क्षेम्यमात्मवतां मार्गमास्थिता हस्तदक्षिणम् ॥६॥
6. priyadevātitheyāśca vadānyāḥ priyasādhavaḥ ,
kṣemyamātmavatāṁ mārgamāsthitā hastadakṣiṇam.
6. priyadevātithīyāḥ ca vadānyāḥ priyasādhavaḥ
kṣemyam ātmavatām mārgam āsthitāḥ hastadakṣiṇam
6. priyadevātithīyāḥ ca vadānyāḥ priyasādhavaḥ
ātmavatām kṣemyam hastadakṣiṇam mārgam āsthitāḥ
6. They are hospitable to the gods and guests, generous, and fond of the virtuous. They have adopted the auspicious path, the right-handed way, which brings well-being to those endowed with self-knowledge (ātman).
पुलाका इव धान्येषु पुत्तिका इव पक्षिषु ।
तद्विधास्ते मनुष्येषु येषां धर्मो न कारणम् ॥७॥
7. pulākā iva dhānyeṣu puttikā iva pakṣiṣu ,
tadvidhāste manuṣyeṣu yeṣāṁ dharmo na kāraṇam.
7. pulākāḥ iva dhānyeṣu puttikāḥ iva pakṣiṣu
tadvidhāḥ te manuṣyeṣu yeṣām dharmaḥ na kāraṇam
7. yeṣām dharmaḥ kāraṇam na,
te manuṣyeṣu tadvidhāḥ; pulākāḥ iva dhānyeṣu; puttikāḥ iva pakṣiṣu
7. Just as empty grains among the cereals, and insignificant small birds among the birds, so are those people among humanity for whom natural law (dharma) is not a guiding principle.
सुशीघ्रमपि धावन्तं विधानमनुधावति ।
शेते सह शयानेन येन येन यथा कृतम् ॥८॥
8. suśīghramapi dhāvantaṁ vidhānamanudhāvati ,
śete saha śayānena yena yena yathā kṛtam.
8. suśīghram api dhāvantam vidhānam anudhāvati
śete saha śayānena yena yena yathā kṛtam
8. vidhānam suśīghram api dhāvantam anudhāvati.
yena yena yathā kṛtam,
(tat) śayānena saha śete
8. Destiny (vidhāna) pursues even those who run very swiftly. Whatever has been done by each person, in whatever manner, that remains with them even as they sleep.
उपतिष्ठति तिष्ठन्तं गच्छन्तमनुगच्छति ।
करोति कुर्वतः कर्म छायेवानुविधीयते ॥९॥
9. upatiṣṭhati tiṣṭhantaṁ gacchantamanugacchati ,
karoti kurvataḥ karma chāyevānuvidhīyate.
9. upatiṣṭhati tiṣṭhantam gacchantam anugacchati
karoti kurvataḥ karma chāyā iva anuvidhīyate
9. tiṣṭhantam upatiṣṭhati gacchantam anugacchati
kurvataḥ karma karoti chāyā iva anuvidhīyate
9. It stands by one who is standing, follows one who is going, and performs the action of one who is acting; it adheres (to him) just like a shadow.
येन येन यथा यद्यत्पुरा कर्म समाचितम् ।
तत्तदेव नरो भुङ्क्ते नित्यं विहितमात्मना ॥१०॥
10. yena yena yathā yadyatpurā karma samācitam ,
tattadeva naro bhuṅkte nityaṁ vihitamātmanā.
10. yena yena yathā yat yat purā karma samācitam
tat tat eva naraḥ bhuṅkte nityam vihitam ātmanā
10. naraḥ yena yena yathā yat yat karma purā samācitam,
tat tat eva nityam ātmanā vihitam bhuṅkte
10. A person constantly experiences exactly those results of action (karma) that were accumulated by him previously, in whatever way; for this is ordained by his own self (ātman).
स्वकर्मफलविक्षिप्तं विधानपरिरक्षितम् ।
भूतग्राममिमं कालः समन्तात्परिकर्षति ॥११॥
11. svakarmaphalavikṣiptaṁ vidhānaparirakṣitam ,
bhūtagrāmamimaṁ kālaḥ samantātparikarṣati.
11. svakarmaphalavikṣiptam vidhānaparirakṣitam
bhūtagrāmam imam kālaḥ samantāt parikarṣati
11. kālaḥ samantāt svakarmaphalavikṣiptam
vidhānaparirakṣitam imam bhūtagrāmam parikarṣati
11. Tossed by the results of their own actions (karma), yet guarded by destiny, Time (kāla) drags away this multitude of beings (bhūtagrāma) from all directions.
अचोद्यमानानि यथा पुष्पाणि च फलानि च ।
स्वकालं नातिवर्तन्ते तथा कर्म पुराकृतम् ॥१२॥
12. acodyamānāni yathā puṣpāṇi ca phalāni ca ,
svakālaṁ nātivartante tathā karma purākṛtam.
12. acodyamānāni yathā puṣpāṇi ca phalāni ca
svakālam na ativartante tathā karma purākṛtam
12. yathā acodyamānāni puṣpāṇi ca phalāni ca svakālam na ativartante,
tathā purākṛtam karma
12. Just as flowers and fruits, without being compelled, do not deviate from their proper season, so too do actions performed in the past (karma) not deviate from their proper time.
संमानश्चावमानश्च लाभालाभौ क्षयोदयौ ।
प्रवृत्ता विनिवर्तन्ते विधानान्ते पुनः पुनः ॥१३॥
13. saṁmānaścāvamānaśca lābhālābhau kṣayodayau ,
pravṛttā vinivartante vidhānānte punaḥ punaḥ.
13. sammānaḥ ca avamānaḥ ca lābhālābhau kṣayodayau
pravṛttāḥ vinivartante vidhānānte punaḥ punaḥ
13. sammānaḥ ca avamānaḥ ca lābhālābhau kṣayodayau,
pravṛttāḥ punaḥ punaḥ vidhānānte vinivartante
13. Honor and dishonor, gain and loss, rise and fall - these cycles, once they begin, repeat themselves again and again at the conclusion of their natural or ordained course.
आत्मना विहितं दुःखमात्मना विहितं सुखम् ।
गर्भशय्यामुपादाय भुज्यते पौर्वदेहिकम् ॥१४॥
14. ātmanā vihitaṁ duḥkhamātmanā vihitaṁ sukham ,
garbhaśayyāmupādāya bhujyate paurvadehikam.
14. ātmanā vihitam duḥkham ātmanā vihitam sukham
garbhaśayyām upādāya bhujyate paurvadehakam
14. ātmanā vihitam duḥkham,
ātmanā vihitam sukham,
[ca],
paurvadehakam [karma] garbhaśayyām upādāya bhujyate
14. The suffering and happiness caused by one's own self (ātman), which are the results of actions (karma) from a previous existence, are experienced from the moment one enters the womb.
बालो युवा च वृद्धश्च यत्करोति शुभाशुभम् ।
तस्यां तस्यामवस्थायां भुङ्क्ते जन्मनि जन्मनि ॥१५॥
15. bālo yuvā ca vṛddhaśca yatkaroti śubhāśubham ,
tasyāṁ tasyāmavasthāyāṁ bhuṅkte janmani janmani.
15. bālaḥ yuvā ca vṛddhaḥ ca yat karoti śubhāśubham
tasyām tasyām avasthāyām bhuṅkte janmani janmani
15. bālaḥ yuvā ca vṛddhaḥ ca yat śubhāśubham karoti,
[tat-phalam] tasyām tasyām avasthāyām janmani janmani bhuṅkte
15. Whatever good or bad (karma) a person performs, whether as a child, a youth, or an old person, they experience its consequences in each successive birth (saṃsāra).
यथा धेनुसहस्रेषु वत्सो विन्दति मातरम् ।
तथा पूर्वकृतं कर्म कर्तारमनुगच्छति ॥१६॥
16. yathā dhenusahasreṣu vatso vindati mātaram ,
tathā pūrvakṛtaṁ karma kartāramanugacchati.
16. yathā dhenusahasreṣu vatso vindati mātaram
tathā pūrvakṛtam karma kartāram anugacchati
16. yathā vatso dhenusahasreṣu mātaram vindati,
tathā pūrvakṛtam karma kartāram anugacchati
16. Just as a calf finds its own mother among thousands of cows, similarly, the (karma) performed previously inevitably follows its doer.
समुन्नमग्रतो वस्त्रं पश्चाच्छुध्यति कर्मणा ।
उपवासैः प्रतप्तानां दीर्घं सुखमनन्तकम् ॥१७॥
17. samunnamagrato vastraṁ paścācchudhyati karmaṇā ,
upavāsaiḥ prataptānāṁ dīrghaṁ sukhamanantakam.
17. samunnam agrataḥ vastram paścāt śudhyati karmaṇā
upavāsaiḥ prataptānām dīrgham sukham anantakam
17. agrataḥ samunnam vastram paścāt karmaṇā śudhyati
upavāsaiḥ prataptānām dīrgham anantakam sukham
17. Just as a garment, when lifted up in front, later becomes pure through effort (karma), so too for those who have been purified by fasts, there is long-lasting, endless happiness.
दीर्घकालेन तपसा सेवितेन तपोवने ।
धर्मनिर्धूतपापानां संसिध्यन्ते मनोरथाः ॥१८॥
18. dīrghakālena tapasā sevitena tapovane ,
dharmanirdhūtapāpānāṁ saṁsidhyante manorathāḥ.
18. dīrghakālena tapasā sevitena tapovane
dharmanirdhūtapāpānām saṃsidhyante manorathāḥ
18. dīrghakālena tapasā sevitena tapovane
dharmanirdhūtapāpānām manorathāḥ saṃsidhyante
18. For those whose wrongdoings have been purged by their adherence to natural law (dharma) and who have practiced austerity (tapas) for a long time in a forest hermitage, their aspirations are indeed fulfilled.
शकुनीनामिवाकाशे मत्स्यानामिव चोदके ।
पदं यथा न दृश्येत तथा ज्ञानविदां गतिः ॥१९॥
19. śakunīnāmivākāśe matsyānāmiva codake ,
padaṁ yathā na dṛśyeta tathā jñānavidāṁ gatiḥ.
19. śakunīnām iva ākāśe matsyānām iva ca udake
padam yathā na dṛśyeta tathā jñānavidām gatiḥ
19. yathā śakunīnām iva ākāśe ca matsyānām iva
udake padam na dṛśyeta tathā jñānavidām gatiḥ
19. Just as the path of birds in the sky and fish in water is not visible, so too is the course of those who possess knowledge.
अलमन्यैरुपालम्भैः कीर्तितैश्च व्यतिक्रमैः ।
पेशलं चानुरूपं च कर्तव्यं हितमात्मनः ॥२०॥
20. alamanyairupālambhaiḥ kīrtitaiśca vyatikramaiḥ ,
peśalaṁ cānurūpaṁ ca kartavyaṁ hitamātmanaḥ.
20. alam anyaiḥ upālambhaiḥ kīrtitaiḥ ca vyatikramaiḥ
peśalam ca anurūpam ca kartavyam hitam ātmanaḥ
20. anyaiḥ upālambhaiḥ ca kīrtitaiḥ vyatikramaiḥ alam
peśalam ca anurūpam ca ātmanaḥ hitam kartavyam
20. Enough with other reproaches and enumerated transgressions. One should do that which is skillful, appropriate, and beneficial for the self (ātman).