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महाभारतः       mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-102

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वैशंपायन उवाच ।
तेषु त्रिषु कुमारेषु जातेषु कुरुजाङ्गलम् ।
कुरवोऽथ कुरुक्षेत्रं त्रयमेतदवर्धत ॥१॥
1. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
teṣu triṣu kumāreṣu jāteṣu kurujāṅgalam ,
kuravo'tha kurukṣetraṁ trayametadavardhata.
1. vaiśaṃpāyanaḥ uvāca teṣu triṣu kumāreṣu jāteṣu kurujāṅgalam
kuravaḥ atha kurukṣetram trayam etat avardhata
1. Vaiśampāyana said: When those three princes were born, the Kuru-Jāṅgala region, the Kurus (people), and Kurukṣetra – these three (aspects) thrived.
ऊर्ध्वसस्याभवद्भूमिः सस्यानि फलवन्ति च ।
यथर्तुवर्षी पर्जन्यो बहुपुष्पफला द्रुमाः ॥२॥
2. ūrdhvasasyābhavadbhūmiḥ sasyāni phalavanti ca ,
yathartuvarṣī parjanyo bahupuṣpaphalā drumāḥ.
2. ūrdhvasasyā abhavat bhūmiḥ sasyāni phalavanti ca
yathartuvarṣī parjanyaḥ bahupuṣpaphalā drumāḥ
2. The land became rich with standing crops, and the crops themselves were fruitful. The rain fell according to the proper season, and the trees bore many flowers and fruits.
वाहनानि प्रहृष्टानि मुदिता मृगपक्षिणः ।
गन्धवन्ति च माल्यानि रसवन्ति फलानि च ॥३॥
3. vāhanāni prahṛṣṭāni muditā mṛgapakṣiṇaḥ ,
gandhavanti ca mālyāni rasavanti phalāni ca.
3. vāhanāni prahṛṣṭāni muditāḥ mṛgapakṣiṇaḥ
gandhavanti ca mālyāni rasavanti phalāni ca
3. The animals used as conveyances were joyful, and the wild animals and birds were delighted. The garlands were fragrant, and the fruits were juicy.
वणिग्भिश्चावकीर्यन्त नगराण्यथ शिल्पिभिः ।
शूराश्च कृतविद्याश्च सन्तश्च सुखिनोऽभवन् ॥४॥
4. vaṇigbhiścāvakīryanta nagarāṇyatha śilpibhiḥ ,
śūrāśca kṛtavidyāśca santaśca sukhino'bhavan.
4. vaṇigbhiḥ ca avakīryanta nagarāṇi atha śilpibhiḥ
śūrāḥ ca kṛtavidyāḥ ca santaḥ ca sukhinaḥ abhavan
4. Cities were bustling with merchants and artisans. Furthermore, brave, learned, and virtuous people became happy.
नाभवन्दस्यवः केचिन्नाधर्मरुचयो जनाः ।
प्रदेशेष्वपि राष्ट्राणां कृतं युगमवर्तत ॥५॥
5. nābhavandasyavaḥ kecinnādharmarucayo janāḥ ,
pradeśeṣvapi rāṣṭrāṇāṁ kṛtaṁ yugamavartata.
5. na abhavan dasyavaḥ kecit na adharmarucayaḥ janāḥ
pradeśeṣu api rāṣṭrāṇām kṛtam yugam avartata
5. There were no robbers, nor any people who delighted in unrighteousness (adharma). Even in the territories of the kingdoms, the golden age (yuga) prevailed.
दानक्रियाधर्मशीला यज्ञव्रतपरायणाः ।
अन्योन्यप्रीतिसंयुक्ता व्यवर्धन्त प्रजास्तदा ॥६॥
6. dānakriyādharmaśīlā yajñavrataparāyaṇāḥ ,
anyonyaprītisaṁyuktā vyavardhanta prajāstadā.
6. dānakriyādharmaśīlāḥ yajñavrataparāyaṇāḥ
anyonyaprītisaṃyuktāḥ vyavardhanta prajāḥ tadā
6. Then, the people, whose character was focused on acts of charity, religious rites, and adherence to natural law (dharma), who were dedicated to Vedic rituals (yajña) and vows, and who were imbued with mutual affection, flourished.
मानक्रोधविहीनाश्च जना लोभविवर्जिताः ।
अन्योन्यमभ्यवर्धन्त धर्मोत्तरमवर्तत ॥७॥
7. mānakrodhavihīnāśca janā lobhavivarjitāḥ ,
anyonyamabhyavardhanta dharmottaramavartata.
7. mānakrodhavihīnāḥ ca janāḥ lobhavivarjitāḥ
anyonyam abhyavardhanta dharmottaram avartata
7. People, free from pride and anger, and devoid of greed, mutually prospered. The natural law (dharma) prevailed supremely.
तन्महोदधिवत्पूर्णं नगरं वै व्यरोचत ।
द्वारतोरणनिर्यूहैर्युक्तमभ्रचयोपमैः ।
प्रासादशतसंबाधं महेन्द्रपुरसंनिभम् ॥८॥
8. tanmahodadhivatpūrṇaṁ nagaraṁ vai vyarocata ,
dvāratoraṇaniryūhairyuktamabhracayopamaiḥ ,
prāsādaśatasaṁbādhaṁ mahendrapurasaṁnibham.
8. tat mahodadhivat pūrṇam nagaram
vai vyarocata dvāratoraṇaniryūhaiḥ
yuktam abhracayopamaiḥ
prāsādaśatasaṃbādham mahendrapurasaṃnibham
8. That city, indeed, shone magnificently, as full as a great ocean. It was adorned with gates, arches, and battlements that resembled heaps of clouds, and it was crowded with hundreds of palaces, appearing like the city of Mahendra (Indra).
नदीषु वनखण्डेषु वापीपल्वलसानुषु ।
काननेषु च रम्येषु विजह्रुर्मुदिता जनाः ॥९॥
9. nadīṣu vanakhaṇḍeṣu vāpīpalvalasānuṣu ,
kānaneṣu ca ramyeṣu vijahrurmuditā janāḥ.
9. nadīṣu vanakhaṇḍeṣu vāpīpalvalasānuṣu
kānaneṣu ca ramyeṣu vijahruḥ muditāḥ janāḥ
9. The joyous people enjoyed themselves in rivers, in forest groves, in large ponds, small pools, and plateaus, and in charming forests.
उत्तरैः कुरुभिः सार्धं दक्षिणाः कुरवस्तदा ।
विस्पर्धमाना व्यचरंस्तथा सिद्धर्षिचारणैः ।
नाभवत्कृपणः कश्चिन्नाभवन्विधवाः स्त्रियः ॥१०॥
10. uttaraiḥ kurubhiḥ sārdhaṁ dakṣiṇāḥ kuravastadā ,
vispardhamānā vyacaraṁstathā siddharṣicāraṇaiḥ ,
nābhavatkṛpaṇaḥ kaścinnābhavanvidhavāḥ striyaḥ.
10. uttaraiḥ kurubhiḥ sārdham dakṣiṇāḥ
kuravaḥ tadā vispardhamānāḥ vyacaran
tathā siddharṣicāraṇaiḥ na abhavat kṛpaṇaḥ
kaścit na abhavan vidhavāḥ striyaḥ
10. At that time, the southern Kurus, along with the northern Kurus, lived in a manner vying (in excellence) with the Siddhas, Ṛṣis, and Cāraṇas. No one was poor, and there were no widowed women.
तस्मिञ्जनपदे रम्ये बहवः कुरुभिः कृताः ।
कूपारामसभावाप्यो ब्राह्मणावसथास्तथा ।
भीष्मेण शास्त्रतो राजन्सर्वतः परिरक्षिते ॥११॥
11. tasmiñjanapade ramye bahavaḥ kurubhiḥ kṛtāḥ ,
kūpārāmasabhāvāpyo brāhmaṇāvasathāstathā ,
bhīṣmeṇa śāstrato rājansarvataḥ parirakṣite.
11. tasmin janapade ramye bahavaḥ
kurubhiḥ kṛtāḥ kūpārāmasabhāvāpyaḥ
brāhmaṇāvasathāḥ tathā bhīṣmeṇa
śāstrataḥ rājan sarvataḥ parirakṣite
11. O King, in that beautiful country, which was protected everywhere by Bhishma according to the constitutional law (dharma), the Kurus established many wells, groves, assembly halls, water reservoirs, and settlements for brahmins.
बभूव रमणीयश्च चैत्ययूपशताङ्कितः ।
स देशः परराष्ट्राणि प्रतिगृह्याभिवर्धितः ।
भीष्मेण विहितं राष्ट्रे धर्मचक्रमवर्तत ॥१२॥
12. babhūva ramaṇīyaśca caityayūpaśatāṅkitaḥ ,
sa deśaḥ pararāṣṭrāṇi pratigṛhyābhivardhitaḥ ,
bhīṣmeṇa vihitaṁ rāṣṭre dharmacakramavartata.
12. babhūva ramaṇīyaḥ ca caityayūpaśatāṅkitaḥ
sa deśaḥ pararāṣṭrāṇi
pratigṛhya abhivardhitaḥ bhīṣmeṇa
vihitam rāṣṭre dharmacakram avartata
12. That country became beautiful, adorned with hundreds of shrines and sacrificial posts. That land prospered, having received tributes from foreign kingdoms. The wheel of natural law (dharma), established by Bhishma in the realm, continued to prevail.
क्रियमाणेषु कृत्येषु कुमाराणां महात्मनाम् ।
पौरजानपदाः सर्वे बभूवुः सततोत्सवाः ॥१३॥
13. kriyamāṇeṣu kṛtyeṣu kumārāṇāṁ mahātmanām ,
paurajānapadāḥ sarve babhūvuḥ satatotsavāḥ.
13. kriyamāṇeṣu kṛtyeṣu kumārāṇām mahātmanām
paurajānapadāḥ sarve babhūvuḥ satatotsavāḥ
13. As the noble princes performed their duties, all the citizens and rural inhabitants were continually filled with festivity.
गृहेषु कुरुमुख्यानां पौराणां च नराधिप ।
दीयतां भुज्यतां चेति वाचोऽश्रूयन्त सर्वशः ॥१४॥
14. gṛheṣu kurumukhyānāṁ paurāṇāṁ ca narādhipa ,
dīyatāṁ bhujyatāṁ ceti vāco'śrūyanta sarvaśaḥ.
14. gṛheṣu kurumukhyānām paurāṇām ca narādhipa
dīyatām bhujyatām ca iti vācaḥ aśrūyanta sarvaśaḥ
14. O King, in the homes of the principal Kurus and the citizens, exclamations of 'Let it be given!' and 'Let it be enjoyed!' were heard everywhere.
धृतराष्ट्रश्च पाण्डुश्च विदुरश्च महामतिः ।
जन्मप्रभृति भीष्मेण पुत्रवत्परिपालिताः ॥१५॥
15. dhṛtarāṣṭraśca pāṇḍuśca viduraśca mahāmatiḥ ,
janmaprabhṛti bhīṣmeṇa putravatparipālitāḥ.
15. dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ ca pāṇḍuḥ ca viduraḥ ca mahāmatiḥ
janmaprabhṛti bhīṣmeṇa putravat paripālitāḥ
15. Dhṛtarāṣṭra, Pāṇḍu, and the wise Vidura were cared for by Bhīṣma from birth as if they were his own children.
संस्कारैः संस्कृतास्ते तु व्रताध्ययनसंयुताः ।
श्रमव्यायामकुशलाः समपद्यन्त यौवनम् ॥१६॥
16. saṁskāraiḥ saṁskṛtāste tu vratādhyayanasaṁyutāḥ ,
śramavyāyāmakuśalāḥ samapadyanta yauvanam.
16. saṃskāraiḥ saṃskṛtāḥ te tu vratādhyayanasaṃyutāḥ
śramavyāyāmakuśalāḥ samapadyanta yauvanam
16. Cultivated by the purificatory rites (saṃskāras), and endowed with vows and scriptural study, they became skilled in effort and physical training as they entered youth.
धनुर्वेदेऽश्वपृष्ठे च गदायुद्धेऽसिचर्मणि ।
तथैव गजशिक्षायां नीतिशास्त्रे च पारगाः ॥१७॥
17. dhanurvede'śvapṛṣṭhe ca gadāyuddhe'sicarmaṇi ,
tathaiva gajaśikṣāyāṁ nītiśāstre ca pāragāḥ.
17. dhanurvede aśvapṛṣṭhe ca gadāyuddhe asicarmaṇi
tathā eva gajaśikṣāyām nītiśāstre ca pāragāḥ
17. They were proficient in archery (dhanurveda), on horseback, in mace-fighting (gadāyuddha), and with sword and shield. Similarly, they were experts in elephant training (gajaśikṣā) and political science (nītiśāstra).
इतिहासपुराणेषु नानाशिक्षासु चाभिभो ।
वेदवेदाङ्गतत्त्वज्ञाः सर्वत्र कृतनिश्रमाः ॥१८॥
18. itihāsapurāṇeṣu nānāśikṣāsu cābhibho ,
vedavedāṅgatattvajñāḥ sarvatra kṛtaniśramāḥ.
18. itihāsapurāṇeṣu nānāśikṣāsu ca abhibho
vedavedāṅgatattvajñāḥ sarvatra kṛtaniśramāḥ
18. O Lord, they were also experts in the epics (itihāsas) and ancient narratives (purāṇas), and in various teachings. They knew the essence of the Vedas and Vedāṅgas, having made efforts in all fields.
पाण्डुर्धनुषि विक्रान्तो नरेभ्योऽभ्यधिकोऽभवत् ।
अत्यन्यान्बलवानासीद्धृतराष्ट्रो महीपतिः ॥१९॥
19. pāṇḍurdhanuṣi vikrānto narebhyo'bhyadhiko'bhavat ,
atyanyānbalavānāsīddhṛtarāṣṭro mahīpatiḥ.
19. pāṇḍuḥ dhanuṣi vikrāntaḥ narebhyaḥ abhyadhikaḥ
abhavat ati anyān balavān āsīt dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ mahīpatiḥ
19. Pāṇḍu became superior to other men in valor with the bow. Dhṛtarāṣṭra, the king, was strong, surpassing all others.
त्रिषु लोकेषु न त्वासीत्कश्चिद्विदुरसंमितः ।
धर्मनित्यस्ततो राजन्धर्मे च परमं गतः ॥२०॥
20. triṣu lokeṣu na tvāsītkaścidvidurasaṁmitaḥ ,
dharmanityastato rājandharme ca paramaṁ gataḥ.
20. triṣu lokeṣu na tu āsīt kaścit vidurasaṃmitaḥ
dharmanityaḥ tataḥ rājan dharme ca paramam gataḥ
20. And indeed, in the three worlds, there was no one equal to Vidura. Therefore, O king, he was always steadfast in natural law (dharma) and had attained the highest in natural law (dharma).
प्रनष्टं शंतनोर्वंशं समीक्ष्य पुनरुद्धृतम् ।
ततो निर्वचनं लोके सर्वराष्ट्रेष्ववर्तत ॥२१॥
21. pranaṣṭaṁ śaṁtanorvaṁśaṁ samīkṣya punaruddhṛtam ,
tato nirvacanaṁ loke sarvarāṣṭreṣvavartata.
21. pranaṣṭam śaṃtanoḥ vaṃśam samīkṣya punaḥ uddhṛtam
tataḥ nirvacanam loke sarvarāṣṭreṣu avartata
21. Having seen Śaṃtanu's lineage, which had been destroyed, restored again, a proverb then spread among people throughout all kingdoms.
वीरसूनां काशिसुते देशानां कुरुजाङ्गलम् ।
सर्वधर्मविदां भीष्मः पुराणां गजसाह्वयम् ॥२२॥
22. vīrasūnāṁ kāśisute deśānāṁ kurujāṅgalam ,
sarvadharmavidāṁ bhīṣmaḥ purāṇāṁ gajasāhvayam.
22. vīrasūnām kāśisute deśānām kurujāṅgalam
sarvadharma-vidām bhīṣmaḥ purāṇām gajasāhvayam
22. Among women who bore heroes, [pre-eminent is] the daughter of Kāśi; among countries, Kuru-jāṅgala; among all who know natural law (dharma), Bhīṣma; and among cities, Hastinapura.
धृतराष्ट्रस्त्वचक्षुष्ट्वाद्राज्यं न प्रत्यपद्यत ।
करणत्वाच्च विदुरः पाण्डुरासीन्महीपतिः ॥२३॥
23. dhṛtarāṣṭrastvacakṣuṣṭvādrājyaṁ na pratyapadyata ,
karaṇatvācca viduraḥ pāṇḍurāsīnmahīpatiḥ.
23. dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ tu achakṣuṣṭvāt rājyam na pratyapadyata
karaṇatvāt ca viduraḥ pāṇḍuḥ āsīt mahīpatiḥ
23. But Dhṛtarāṣṭra did not obtain the kingdom because of his blindness. And due to Vidura's (birth-related) disqualification, Pāṇḍu became the king.