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महाभारतः       mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-51

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शकुनिरुवाच ।
यां त्वमेतां श्रियं दृष्ट्वा पाण्डुपुत्रे युधिष्ठिरे ।
तप्यसे तां हरिष्यामि द्यूतेनाहूयतां परः ॥१॥
1. śakuniruvāca ,
yāṁ tvametāṁ śriyaṁ dṛṣṭvā pāṇḍuputre yudhiṣṭhire ,
tapyase tāṁ hariṣyāmi dyūtenāhūyatāṁ paraḥ.
1. śakuniḥ uvāca | yām tvam etām śriyam dṛṣṭvā pāṇḍuputre
yudhiṣṭhire | tapyase tām hariṣyāmi dyūtena āhūyatām paraḥ
1. Śakuni said: "That prosperity (śrī) which you see in Yudhiṣṭhira, the son of Pāṇḍu, and for which you are tormented - I will seize it through gambling. Let the other be summoned!"
अगत्वा संशयमहमयुद्ध्वा च चमूमुखे ।
अक्षान्क्षिपन्नक्षतः सन्विद्वानविदुषो जये ॥२॥
2. agatvā saṁśayamahamayuddhvā ca camūmukhe ,
akṣānkṣipannakṣataḥ sanvidvānaviduṣo jaye.
2. agatvā saṃśayam aham ayuddhvā ca camūmukhe |
akṣān kṣipan akṣataḥ san vidvān avidhuṣaḥ jaye
2. Without incurring doubt, and without fighting on the battlefield, by throwing the dice, I, the uninjured expert, will defeat the non-expert.
ग्लहान्धनूंषि मे विद्धि शरानक्षांश्च भारत ।
अक्षाणां हृदयं मे ज्यां रथं विद्धि ममास्तरम् ॥३॥
3. glahāndhanūṁṣi me viddhi śarānakṣāṁśca bhārata ,
akṣāṇāṁ hṛdayaṁ me jyāṁ rathaṁ viddhi mamāstaram.
3. glahān dhanūṃṣi me viddhi śarān akṣān ca bhārata |
akṣāṇām hṛdayam me jyām ratham viddhi mama āstaram
3. O Bhārata (Duryodhana), know my stakes (glaha) to be bows, and my arrows to be dice. Know the heart of the dice to be my bowstring, and my chariot to be my mat.
दुर्योधन उवाच ।
अयमुत्सहते राजञ्श्रियमाहर्तुमक्षवित् ।
द्यूतेन पाण्डुपुत्रेभ्यस्तत्तुभ्यं तात रोचताम् ॥४॥
4. duryodhana uvāca ,
ayamutsahate rājañśriyamāhartumakṣavit ,
dyūtena pāṇḍuputrebhyastattubhyaṁ tāta rocatām.
4. duryodhanaḥ uvāca | ayam utsahate rājan śriyam āhartum
akṣavit | dyūtena pāṇḍuputrebhyaḥ tat tubhyam tāta rocatām
4. Duryodhana said: "This expert in dice (akṣavit) is eager, O King, to seize the prosperity (śrī) from the sons of Pāṇḍu through gambling. May that be pleasing to you, dear father!"
धृतराष्ट्र उवाच ।
स्थितोऽस्मि शासने भ्रातुर्विदुरस्य महात्मनः ।
तेन संगम्य वेत्स्यामि कार्यस्यास्य विनिश्चयम् ॥५॥
5. dhṛtarāṣṭra uvāca ,
sthito'smi śāsane bhrāturvidurasya mahātmanaḥ ,
tena saṁgamya vetsyāmi kāryasyāsya viniścayam.
5. dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ uvāca sthitaḥ asmi śāsane bhrātuḥ vidurasya
mahātmanaḥ tena saṃgamya vetsyāmi kāryasya asya viniścayam
5. Dhṛtarāṣṭra said: "I am committed to the command of my brother, the great-souled Vidura. After consulting with him, I will ascertain the definitive decision regarding this matter."
दुर्योधन उवाच ।
विहनिष्यति ते बुद्धिं विदुरो मुक्तसंशयः ।
पाण्डवानां हिते युक्तो न तथा मम कौरव ॥६॥
6. duryodhana uvāca ,
vihaniṣyati te buddhiṁ viduro muktasaṁśayaḥ ,
pāṇḍavānāṁ hite yukto na tathā mama kaurava.
6. duryodhanaḥ uvāca vihaniṣyati te buddhim viduraḥ
muktasaṃśayaḥ pāṇḍavānām hite yuktaḥ na tathā mama kaurava
6. Duryodhana said: "Vidura, being free from doubt, will certainly corrupt your intellect. He is engaged in the welfare of the Pāṇḍavas, and not similarly in my welfare, O Kaurava."
नारभेत्परसामर्थ्यात्पुरुषः कार्यमात्मनः ।
मतिसाम्यं द्वयोर्नास्ति कार्येषु कुरुनन्दन ॥७॥
7. nārabhetparasāmarthyātpuruṣaḥ kāryamātmanaḥ ,
matisāmyaṁ dvayornāsti kāryeṣu kurunandana.
7. na ārabhet parasāmarthyāt puruṣaḥ kāryam ātmanaḥ
matisāmyam dvayoḥ na asti kāryeṣu kurunandana
7. A person should not undertake their own task based on another's capability. There is no equality of intellect between two individuals in matters of action, O joy of the Kurus.
भयं परिहरन्मन्द आत्मानं परिपालयन् ।
वर्षासु क्लिन्नकटवत्तिष्ठन्नेवावसीदति ॥८॥
8. bhayaṁ pariharanmanda ātmānaṁ paripālayan ,
varṣāsu klinnakaṭavattiṣṭhannevāvasīdati.
8. bhayam pariharann mandaḥ ātmānam paripālayan
varṣāsu klinnakaṭavat tiṣṭhan eva avasīdati
8. A dull-witted person, abandoning fear and protecting their self (ātman), still perishes like a soaked reed in the rainy season.
न व्याधयो नापि यमः श्रेयःप्राप्तिं प्रतीक्षते ।
यावदेव भवेत्कल्पस्तावच्छ्रेयः समाचरेत् ॥९॥
9. na vyādhayo nāpi yamaḥ śreyaḥprāptiṁ pratīkṣate ,
yāvadeva bhavetkalpastāvacchreyaḥ samācaret.
9. na vyādhayaḥ na api yamaḥ śreyaḥ prāptim pratīkṣate
yāvat eva bhavet kalpaḥ tāvat śreyaḥ samācaret
9. Diseases do not, nor does Yama (the god of death), wait for the achievement of what is beneficial. As long as one's lifespan (kalpa) endures, one should always strive for what is good.
धृतराष्ट्र उवाच ।
सर्वथा पुत्र बलिभिर्विग्रहं ते न रोचये ।
वैरं विकारं सृजति तद्वै शस्त्रमनायसम् ॥१०॥
10. dhṛtarāṣṭra uvāca ,
sarvathā putra balibhirvigrahaṁ te na rocaye ,
vairaṁ vikāraṁ sṛjati tadvai śastramanāyasam.
10. dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ uvāca sarvathā putra balibhiḥ vigraham te
na rocaye vairam vikāram sṛjati tat vai śastram anāyasam
10. Dhritarashtra said: "My son, I absolutely do not approve of your conflict with the powerful ones. Enmity produces discord; indeed, that weapon (of hostility) brings misfortune."
अनर्थमर्थं मन्यसे राजपुत्र संग्रन्थनं कलहस्यातिघोरम् ।
तद्वै प्रवृत्तं तु यथा कथंचिद्विमोक्षयेच्चाप्यसिसायकांश्च ॥११॥
11. anarthamarthaṁ manyase rājaputra; saṁgranthanaṁ kalahasyātighoram ,
tadvai pravṛttaṁ tu yathā kathaṁci;dvimokṣayeccāpyasisāyakāṁśca.
11. anartham artham manyase rājaputra
saṅgranthanam kalāhasya atighoram
tat vai pravṛttam tu yathā kathaṃcit
vimokṣayet ca api asisāyakān ca
11. "O prince, you consider misfortune to be fortune, an extremely dreadful entanglement of conflict. Indeed, that (conflict) which has already begun, one should somehow avert, along with swords and arrows."
दुर्योधन उवाच ।
द्यूते पुराणैर्व्यवहारः प्रणीतस्तत्रात्ययो नास्ति न संप्रहारः ।
तद्रोचतां शकुनेर्वाक्यमद्य सभां क्षिप्रं त्वमिहाज्ञापयस्व ॥१२॥
12. duryodhana uvāca ,
dyūte purāṇairvyavahāraḥ praṇīta;statrātyayo nāsti na saṁprahāraḥ ,
tadrocatāṁ śakunervākyamadya; sabhāṁ kṣipraṁ tvamihājñāpayasva.
12. duryodhanaḥ uvāca dyūte purāṇaiḥ vyavahāraḥ
praṇītaḥ tatra atyayaḥ na asti na
saṃprahāraḥ tat rocatām śakuneḥ vākyam
adya sabhām kṣipram tvam iha ājñāpayasva
12. Duryodhana said: "Regarding the dice game, the custom (vyavahāra) was established by the ancients; in it, there is no transgression and no assault. Therefore, let Shakuni's words be agreeable today. You should quickly command this assembly."
स्वर्गद्वारं दीव्यतां नो विशिष्टं तद्वर्तिनां चापि तथैव युक्तम् ।
भवेदेवं ह्यात्मना तुल्यमेव दुरोदरं पाण्डवैस्त्वं कुरुष्व ॥१३॥
13. svargadvāraṁ dīvyatāṁ no viśiṣṭaṁ; tadvartināṁ cāpi tathaiva yuktam ,
bhavedevaṁ hyātmanā tulyameva; durodaraṁ pāṇḍavaistvaṁ kuruṣva.
13. svargadvāram dīvyatām naḥ viśiṣṭam
tatvartinām ca api tathā eva yuktam
bhavet evam hi ātmanā tulyam eva
durodaram pāṇḍavaiḥ tvam kuruṣva
13. For us, the gate to heaven is truly eminent for those who engage in gambling. And for those residing there (in heaven), it is likewise suitable. Therefore, you should arrange this dice game with the Pāṇḍavas, with a stake equivalent to one's very self (ātman).
धृतराष्ट्र उवाच ।
वाक्यं न मे रोचते यत्त्वयोक्तं यत्ते प्रियं तत्क्रियतां नरेन्द्र ।
पश्चात्तप्स्यसे तदुपाक्रम्य वाक्यं न हीदृशं भावि वचो हि धर्म्यम् ॥१४॥
14. dhṛtarāṣṭra uvāca ,
vākyaṁ na me rocate yattvayoktaṁ; yatte priyaṁ tatkriyatāṁ narendra ,
paścāttapsyase tadupākramya vākyaṁ; na hīdṛśaṁ bhāvi vaco hi dharmyam.
14. dhṛtarāṣṭra uvāca vākyam na me rocate yat
tvayā uktam yat te priyam tat kriyatām
narendra paścāt tapsyase tat upākramya
vākyam na hi īdṛśam bhāvi vacaḥ hi dharmyam
14. Dhṛtarāṣṭra said: "The words you have spoken do not please me. O King, let whatever is dear to you be done. However, having embarked upon that course of action, you will surely repent later. For, indeed, such speech (vacaḥ) is not in accordance with (dharmya) natural law (dharma)."
दृष्टं ह्येतद्विदुरेणैवमेव सर्वं पूर्वं बुद्धिविद्यानुगेन ।
तदेवैतदवशस्याभ्युपैति महद्भयं क्षत्रियबीजघाति ॥१५॥
15. dṛṣṭaṁ hyetadvidureṇaivameva; sarvaṁ pūrvaṁ buddhividyānugena ,
tadevaitadavaśasyābhyupaiti; mahadbhayaṁ kṣatriyabījaghāti.
15. dṛṣṭam hi etat vidureṇa evam eva
sarvam pūrvam buddhividyānugena
tat eva etat avaśasya abhyupaiti
mahat bhayam kṣatriyabījaghāti
15. Indeed, all this was foreseen by Vidura, who adheres to wisdom and knowledge, in precisely this manner. And precisely this great fear (mahat bhayam), which destroys the very seed of Kṣatriyas, will befall the one who is powerless.
वैशंपायन उवाच ।
एवमुक्त्वा धृतराष्ट्रो मनीषी दैवं मत्वा परमं दुस्तरं च ।
शशासोच्चैः पुरुषान्पुत्रवाक्ये स्थितो राजा दैवसंमूढचेताः ॥१६॥
16. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
evamuktvā dhṛtarāṣṭro manīṣī; daivaṁ matvā paramaṁ dustaraṁ ca ,
śaśāsoccaiḥ puruṣānputravākye; sthito rājā daivasaṁmūḍhacetāḥ.
16. vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca evam uktvā dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ
manīṣī daivam matvā paramam
dustaram ca śaśāsa uccaiḥ puruṣān
putravākye sthitaḥ rājā daivasaṃmūḍhacetāḥ
16. Vaiśaṃpāyana said: "Having spoken thus, King Dhṛtarāṣṭra, the thoughtful one, considering destiny (daiva) to be supreme and insurmountable, became bewildered in mind by that very destiny (daiva). Yet, abiding by his son's request, he loudly commanded his men (to act)."
सहस्रस्तम्भां हेमवैडूर्यचित्रां शतद्वारां तोरणस्फाटिशृङ्गाम् ।
सभामग्र्यां क्रोशमात्रायतां मे तद्विस्तारामाशु कुर्वन्तु युक्ताः ॥१७॥
17. sahasrastambhāṁ hemavaiḍūryacitrāṁ; śatadvārāṁ toraṇasphāṭiśṛṅgām ,
sabhāmagryāṁ krośamātrāyatāṁ me; tadvistārāmāśu kurvantu yuktāḥ.
17. sahasrastambhām hemavaiḍūryacitrām
śatadvārām toraṇasphaṭiśṛṅgām
sabhām agryām krośamātrāyatām me
tatvistārām āśu kurvantu yuktāḥ
17. Let the diligent workers quickly construct for me that splendid hall, which should have a thousand pillars, be adorned with gold and cat's eye gems, have a hundred doors, crystal archways, and measure a krośa in length and the same in width.
श्रुत्वा तस्य त्वरिता निर्विशङ्काः प्राज्ञा दक्षास्तां तथा चक्रुराशु ।
सर्वद्रव्याण्युपजह्रुः सभायां सहस्रशः शिल्पिनश्चापि युक्ताः ॥१८॥
18. śrutvā tasya tvaritā nirviśaṅkāḥ; prājñā dakṣāstāṁ tathā cakrurāśu ,
sarvadravyāṇyupajahruḥ sabhāyāṁ; sahasraśaḥ śilpinaścāpi yuktāḥ.
18. śrutvā tasya tvaritāḥ nirviśaṅkāḥ
prājñāḥ dakṣāḥ tām tathā cakruḥ āśu
sarvadrāvyāṇi upajahruḥ sabhāyām
sahasraśaḥ śilpinaḥ ca api yuktāḥ
18. Upon hearing his command, the swift, fearless, wise, and skilled ones quickly constructed it accordingly. They brought all materials into the hall, and thousands of diligent artisans (śilpin) also joined in.
कालेनाल्पेनाथ निष्ठां गतां तां सभां रम्यां बहुरत्नां विचित्राम् ।
चित्रैर्हैमैरासनैरभ्युपेतामाचख्युस्ते तस्य राज्ञः प्रतीताः ॥१९॥
19. kālenālpenātha niṣṭhāṁ gatāṁ tāṁ; sabhāṁ ramyāṁ bahuratnāṁ vicitrām ,
citrairhaimairāsanairabhyupetā;mācakhyuste tasya rājñaḥ pratītāḥ.
19. kālena alpena atha niṣṭhām gatām
tām sabhām ramyām bahuratnām vicitrām
citraiḥ haimaiḥ āsanaiḥ abhyupetām
ācakhyuḥ te tasya rājñaḥ pratītāḥ
19. Then, in a short time, they, feeling satisfied, reported to that king that the beautiful hall, rich in numerous gems, wonderfully adorned, and furnished with various golden seats, had reached completion.
ततो विद्वान्विदुरं मन्त्रिमुख्यमुवाचेदं धृतराष्ट्रो नरेन्द्रः ।
युधिष्ठिरं राजपुत्रं हि गत्वा मद्वाक्येन क्षिप्रमिहानयस्व ॥२०॥
20. tato vidvānviduraṁ mantrimukhya;muvācedaṁ dhṛtarāṣṭro narendraḥ ,
yudhiṣṭhiraṁ rājaputraṁ hi gatvā; madvākyena kṣipramihānayasva.
20. tataḥ vidvān viduram mantrimukhyam
uvāca idam dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ narendraḥ
yudhiṣṭhiram rājaputram hi gatvā
matvākyena kṣipram iha ānayasva
20. Then the wise King Dhṛtarāṣṭra said this to Vidura, the chief minister: 'Go to Prince Yudhiṣṭhira, indeed, and quickly bring him here at my command.'
सभेयं मे बहुरत्ना विचित्रा शय्यासनैरुपपन्ना महार्हैः ।
सा दृश्यतां भ्रातृभिः सार्धमेत्य सुहृद्द्यूतं वर्ततामत्र चेति ॥२१॥
21. sabheyaṁ me bahuratnā vicitrā; śayyāsanairupapannā mahārhaiḥ ,
sā dṛśyatāṁ bhrātṛbhiḥ sārdhametya; suhṛddyūtaṁ vartatāmatra ceti.
21. sabhā iyam me bahuratnā vicitrā
śayyāsanaiḥ upapannā mahārhaiḥ sā
dṛśyatām bhrātṛbhiḥ sārdham etya
suhṛddyūtam vartatām atra ca iti
21. This assembly hall of mine, adorned with many jewels, wonderfully diverse, and furnished with very valuable couches and seats, should be seen. So, come here with your brothers, and let a friendly game of dice take place.
मतमाज्ञाय पुत्रस्य धृतराष्ट्रो नराधिपः ।
मत्वा च दुस्तरं दैवमेतद्राजा चकार ह ॥२२॥
22. matamājñāya putrasya dhṛtarāṣṭro narādhipaḥ ,
matvā ca dustaraṁ daivametadrājā cakāra ha.
22. matam ājñāya putrasya dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ narādhipaḥ
matvā ca dustaram daivam etat rājā cakāra ha
22. King Dhritarashtra, having understood his son's opinion and considering this destiny (daivam) to be insurmountable, indeed acted accordingly.
अन्यायेन तथोक्तस्तु विदुरो विदुषां वरः ।
नाभ्यनन्दद्वचो भ्रातुर्वचनं चेदमब्रवीत् ॥२३॥
23. anyāyena tathoktastu viduro viduṣāṁ varaḥ ,
nābhyanandadvaco bhrāturvacanaṁ cedamabravīt.
23. anyāyena tathā uktaḥ tu viduraḥ viduṣām varaḥ na
abhyanandat vacaḥ bhrātuḥ vacanam ca idam abravīt
23. But Vidura, the best among the wise, thus addressed unjustly, did not approve of his brother's words, and he spoke the following.
नाभिनन्दामि नृपते प्रैषमेतं मैवं कृथाः कुलनाशाद्बिभेमि ।
पुत्रैर्भिन्नैः कलहस्ते ध्रुवं स्यादेतच्छङ्के द्यूतकृते नरेन्द्र ॥२४॥
24. nābhinandāmi nṛpate praiṣametaṁ; maivaṁ kṛthāḥ kulanāśādbibhemi ,
putrairbhinnaiḥ kalahaste dhruvaṁ syā;detacchaṅke dyūtakṛte narendra.
24. na abhinandāmi nṛpate praiṣam etam
mā evam kṛthāḥ kulanāśāt bibhemi
putraiḥ bhinnaiḥ kalahaḥ te dhruvam
syāt etat śaṅke dyūtakṛte narendra
24. O King (nṛpate), I do not approve of this command. Do not do such a thing. I fear the destruction of the family. I apprehend that a quarrel will certainly arise for you from divided sons because of this gambling (dyūtakṛte), O King (narendra).
धृतराष्ट्र उवाच ।
नेह क्षत्तः कलहस्तप्स्यते मां न चेद्दैवं प्रतिलोमं भविष्यत् ।
धात्रा तु दिष्टस्य वशे किलेदं सर्वं जगच्चेष्टति न स्वतन्त्रम् ॥२५॥
25. dhṛtarāṣṭra uvāca ,
neha kṣattaḥ kalahastapsyate māṁ; na ceddaivaṁ pratilomaṁ bhaviṣyat ,
dhātrā tu diṣṭasya vaśe kiledaṁ; sarvaṁ jagacceṣṭati na svatantram.
25. dhṛtarāṣṭra uvāca na iha kṣattaḥ kalahaḥ
tapsyate mām na cet daivaṃ pratilomaṃ
bhaviṣyat dhātrā tu diṣṭasya vaśe kila
idaṃ sarvaṃ jagat ceṣṭati na svatantram
25. Dhritarashtra said, "O Vidura, this quarrel would not torment me if destiny (daiva) were not adverse. Indeed, this entire world acts under the control of destiny (diṣṭa) by the ordainer (dhātṛ), and not independently."
तदद्य विदुर प्राप्य राजानं मम शासनात् ।
क्षिप्रमानय दुर्धर्षं कुन्तीपुत्रं युधिष्ठिरम् ॥२६॥
26. tadadya vidura prāpya rājānaṁ mama śāsanāt ,
kṣipramānaya durdharṣaṁ kuntīputraṁ yudhiṣṭhiram.
26. tat adya vidura prāpya rājānam mama śāsanāt
kṣipram ānaya durdharṣam kuntīputram yudhiṣṭhiram
26. Therefore, O Vidura, today, by my command, having approached King Yudhishthira, quickly bring the unconquerable son of Kunti.