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महाभारतः       mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-158

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युधिष्ठिर उवाच ।
आनृशंस्यं विजानामि दर्शनेन सतां सदा ।
नृशंसान्न विजानामि तेषां कर्म च भारत ॥१॥
1. yudhiṣṭhira uvāca ,
ānṛśaṁsyaṁ vijānāmi darśanena satāṁ sadā ,
nṛśaṁsānna vijānāmi teṣāṁ karma ca bhārata.
1. yudhiṣṭhiraḥ uvāca ānṛśaṃsyam vijānāmi darśanena
satām sadā nṛśaṃsān na vijānāmi teṣām karma ca bhārata
1. yudhiṣṭhiraḥ uvāca: sadā satām darśanena ānṛśaṃsyam vijānāmi bhārata,
nṛśaṃsānāṃ karma ca na vijānāmi
1. Yudhishthira said: "I always understand non-cruelty (ānṛśaṃsya) by observing the virtuous. However, I do not understand the actions (karma) of the cruel, O Bharata."
कण्टकान्कूपमग्निं च वर्जयन्ति यथा नराः ।
तथा नृशंसकर्माणं वर्जयन्ति नरा नरम् ॥२॥
2. kaṇṭakānkūpamagniṁ ca varjayanti yathā narāḥ ,
tathā nṛśaṁsakarmāṇaṁ varjayanti narā naram.
2. kaṇṭakān kūpam agnim ca varjayanti yathā narāḥ
tathā nṛśaṃsakarmāṇam varjayanti narā naram
2. narāḥ yathā kaṇṭakān kūpam agnim ca varjayanti
tathā narāḥ nṛśaṃsakarmāṇam naram varjayanti
2. Just as people avoid thorns, a pit, and fire, so too do people shun a person whose deeds (karma) are cruel.
नृशंसो ह्यधमो नित्यं प्रेत्य चेह च भारत ।
तस्माद्ब्रवीहि कौरव्य तस्य धर्मविनिश्चयम् ॥३॥
3. nṛśaṁso hyadhamo nityaṁ pretya ceha ca bhārata ,
tasmādbravīhi kauravya tasya dharmaviniścayam.
3. nṛśaṃsaḥ hi adhamaḥ nityam pretya ca iha ca bhārata
tasmāt bravīhi kauravya tasya dharmaviniścayam
3. bhārata kauravya hi nṛśaṃsaḥ nityam iha ca pretya
ca adhamaḥ tasmāt tasya dharmaviniścayam bravīhi
3. Indeed, a cruel person is always the lowest, both in this world and the next, O Bhārata. Therefore, O descendant of Kuru, tell us the definite determination of his proper conduct (dharma).
भीष्म उवाच ।
स्पृहास्यान्तर्हिता चैव विदितार्था च कर्मणा ।
आक्रोष्टा क्रुश्यते चैव बन्धिता बध्यते च यः ॥४॥
4. bhīṣma uvāca ,
spṛhāsyāntarhitā caiva viditārthā ca karmaṇā ,
ākroṣṭā kruśyate caiva bandhitā badhyate ca yaḥ.
4. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca spṛhā asya antarhitā ca eva viditārthā ca
karmaṇā ākroṣṭā kruśyate ca eva bandhitā badhyate ca yaḥ
4. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca yaḥ asya spṛhā antarhitā ca eva ca karmaṇā
viditārthā ākroṣṭā ca eva kruśyate ca bandhitā badhyate
4. Bhishma said: "The person whose inner desire is concealed, but whose true purpose is understood by his actions (karma) — that very one who reviles is reviled, and he who binds is bound."
दत्तानुकीर्तिर्विषमः क्षुद्रो नैकृतिकः शठः ।
असंभोगी च मानी च तथा सङ्गी विकत्थनः ॥५॥
5. dattānukīrtirviṣamaḥ kṣudro naikṛtikaḥ śaṭhaḥ ,
asaṁbhogī ca mānī ca tathā saṅgī vikatthanaḥ.
5. dattānukīrtiḥ viṣamaḥ kṣudraḥ naikṛtikaḥ śaṭhaḥ
asaṃbhogī ca mānī ca tathā saṅgī vikatthanaḥ
5. saḥ dattānukīrtiḥ viṣamaḥ kṣudraḥ naikṛtikaḥ śaṭhaḥ
ca asaṃbhogī ca mānī tathā saṅgī vikatthanaḥ
5. He is one who boasts of his gifts, is wicked, petty, deceitful, and cunning; likewise, he is selfish, proud, greedy, and boastful.
सर्वातिशङ्की परुषो बालिशः कृपणस्तथा ।
वर्गप्रशंसी सततमाश्रमद्वेषसंकरी ॥६॥
6. sarvātiśaṅkī paruṣo bāliśaḥ kṛpaṇastathā ,
vargapraśaṁsī satatamāśramadveṣasaṁkarī.
6. sarvātiśaṅkī paruṣaḥ bāliśaḥ kṛpaṇaḥ tathā
vargapraśaṃsī satatam āśramadveṣasaṃkarī
6. sarvātiśaṅkī paruṣaḥ bāliśaḥ kṛpaṇaḥ tathā
vargapraśaṃsī satatam āśramadveṣasaṃkarī
6. He is excessively suspicious of everyone, harsh, foolish, and miserly. He constantly praises his own group and causes confusion by hating the different stages of life (āśramas).
हिंसाविहारी सततमविशेषगुणागुणः ।
बह्वलीको मनस्वी च लुब्धोऽत्यर्थं नृशंसकृत् ॥७॥
7. hiṁsāvihārī satatamaviśeṣaguṇāguṇaḥ ,
bahvalīko manasvī ca lubdho'tyarthaṁ nṛśaṁsakṛt.
7. hiṃsāvihārī satatam aviśeṣaguṇāguṇaḥ bahvalīkaḥ
manasvī ca lubdhaḥ atyartham nṛśaṃsakṛt
7. hiṃsāvihārī satatam aviśeṣaguṇāguṇaḥ bahvalīkaḥ
manasvī ca lubdhaḥ atyartham nṛśaṃsakṛt
7. He constantly indulges in violence, lacks discernment between good and bad qualities, is very deceitful, proud, exceedingly greedy, and commits cruel acts.
धर्मशीलं गुणोपेतं पाप इत्यवगच्छति ।
आत्मशीलानुमानेन न विश्वसिति कस्यचित् ॥८॥
8. dharmaśīlaṁ guṇopetaṁ pāpa ityavagacchati ,
ātmaśīlānumānena na viśvasiti kasyacit.
8. dharmaśīlam guṇopetam pāpaḥ iti avagacchati
ātmaśīlānumānena na viśvasiti kasyacit
8. dharmaśīlam guṇopetam pāpaḥ iti avagacchati
ātmaśīlānumānena kasyacit na viśvasiti
8. He considers a person of righteous character (dharma) and endowed with good qualities to be sinful. By inferring from his own nature (ātman), he trusts no one.
परेषां यत्र दोषः स्यात्तद्गुह्यं संप्रकाशयेत् ।
समानेष्वेव दोषेषु वृत्त्यर्थमुपघातयेत् ॥९॥
9. pareṣāṁ yatra doṣaḥ syāttadguhyaṁ saṁprakāśayet ,
samāneṣveva doṣeṣu vṛttyarthamupaghātayet.
9. pareṣām yatra doṣaḥ syāt tat guhyam saṃprakāśayet
samāneṣu eva doṣeṣu vṛttyartham upaghātayet
9. yatra pareṣām doṣaḥ syāt tat guhyam saṃprakāśayet
samāneṣu eva doṣeṣu vṛttyartham upaghātayet
9. Where there is a fault of others, he should reveal that secret. But for the sake of his livelihood, he would inflict harm (or cause destruction) even in similar cases of faults.
तथोपकारिणं चैव मन्यते वञ्चितं परम् ।
दत्त्वापि च धनं काले संतपत्युपकारिणे ॥१०॥
10. tathopakāriṇaṁ caiva manyate vañcitaṁ param ,
dattvāpi ca dhanaṁ kāle saṁtapatyupakāriṇe.
10. tathā upakāriṇam ca eva manyate vañcitam param
dattvā api ca dhanam kāle santapati upakāriṇe
10. tathā ca eva,
(saḥ) upakāriṇam api param vañcitam manyate; ca kāle dhanam dattvā api upakāriṇe santapati.
10. Such a person considers even a benefactor to have been utterly duped. And even after having given wealth to a benefactor at the appropriate time, he feels remorse for that act.
भक्ष्यं भोज्यमथो लेह्यं यच्चान्यत्साधु भोजनम् ।
प्रेक्षमाणेषु योऽश्नीयान्नृशंस इति तं विदुः ॥११॥
11. bhakṣyaṁ bhojyamatho lehyaṁ yaccānyatsādhu bhojanam ,
prekṣamāṇeṣu yo'śnīyānnṛśaṁsa iti taṁ viduḥ.
11. bhakṣyam bhojyam atha u lehyam yat ca anyat sādhu
bhojanam prekṣamāṇeṣu yaḥ aśnīyāt nṛśaṃsaḥ iti tam viduḥ
11. yaḥ bhakṣyam bhojyam atha u lehyam ca anyat yat sādhu bhojanam prekṣamāṇeṣu aśnīyāt,
tam nṛśaṃsaḥ iti viduḥ.
11. One who eats all kinds of good food—whether solid (bhakṣya), soft (bhojya), or licked (lehya), or any other excellent meal—while others are watching, they consider him to be a cruel person.
ब्राह्मणेभ्यः प्रदायाग्रं यः सुहृद्भिः सहाश्नुते ।
स प्रेत्य लभते स्वर्गमिह चानन्त्यमश्नुते ॥१२॥
12. brāhmaṇebhyaḥ pradāyāgraṁ yaḥ suhṛdbhiḥ sahāśnute ,
sa pretya labhate svargamiha cānantyamaśnute.
12. brāhmaṇebhyaḥ pradāya agram yaḥ suhṛdbhiḥ saha aśnute
saḥ pretya labhate svargam iha ca ānantyam aśnute
12. yaḥ brāhmaṇebhyaḥ agram pradāya suhṛdbhiḥ saha aśnute,
saḥ pretya svargam labhate,
ca iha ānantyam aśnute.
12. One who, after offering the first portion to Brahmins, partakes of food along with his friends, such a person attains heaven (svarga) after death, and in this world, he enjoys endless prosperity.
एष ते भरतश्रेष्ठ नृशंसः परिकीर्तितः ।
सदा विवर्जनीयो वै पुरुषेण बुभूषता ॥१३॥
13. eṣa te bharataśreṣṭha nṛśaṁsaḥ parikīrtitaḥ ,
sadā vivarjanīyo vai puruṣeṇa bubhūṣatā.
13. eṣaḥ te bharataśreṣṭha nṛśaṃsaḥ parikīrtitaḥ
sadā vivarjanīyaḥ vai puruṣeṇa bubhūṣatā
13. bharataśreṣṭha,
eṣaḥ nṛśaṃsaḥ te parikīrtitaḥ; (saḥ) vai sadā bubhūṣatā puruṣeṇa vivarjanīyaḥ (asti).
13. O best among the Bharatas, this cruel person has been described to you. He must always be avoided by any person (puruṣa) who desires to prosper.