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महाभारतः       mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-45

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शौनक उवाच ।
यदपृच्छत्तदा राजा मन्त्रिणो जनमेजयः ।
पितुः स्वर्गगतिं तन्मे विस्तरेण पुनर्वद ॥१॥
1. śaunaka uvāca ,
yadapṛcchattadā rājā mantriṇo janamejayaḥ ,
pituḥ svargagatiṁ tanme vistareṇa punarvada.
1. śaunakaḥ uvāca yat apṛcchat tadā rājā mantriṇaḥ
janamejayaḥ pituḥ svargagatim tat me vistareṇa punaḥ vada
1. Śaunaka said: "King Janamejaya then asked his ministers about his father's attainment of heaven. Please tell me that again in detail."
सूत उवाच ।
शृणु ब्रह्मन्यथा पृष्टा मन्त्रिणो नृपतेस्तदा ।
आख्यातवन्तस्ते सर्वे निधनं तत्परिक्षितः ॥२॥
2. sūta uvāca ,
śṛṇu brahmanyathā pṛṣṭā mantriṇo nṛpatestadā ,
ākhyātavantaste sarve nidhanaṁ tatparikṣitaḥ.
2. sūtaḥ uvāca śṛṇu brahman yathā pṛṣṭāḥ mantriṇaḥ nṛpateḥ
tadā ākhyātavantaḥ te sarve nidhanam tat parikṣitaḥ
2. Sūta said: "Listen, O Brahmin, how the ministers, when questioned by the king at that time, all recounted the death of Parikṣit."
जनमेजय उवाच ।
जानन्ति तु भवन्तस्तद्यथावृत्तः पिता मम ।
आसीद्यथा च निधनं गतः काले महायशाः ॥३॥
3. janamejaya uvāca ,
jānanti tu bhavantastadyathāvṛttaḥ pitā mama ,
āsīdyathā ca nidhanaṁ gataḥ kāle mahāyaśāḥ.
3. janamejayaḥ uvāca jānanti tu bhavantaḥ tat yathāvṛttaḥ
pitā mama āsīt yathā ca nidhanam gataḥ kāle mahāyaśāḥ
3. Janamejaya said: "Indeed, you know how my father conducted himself and how the greatly renowned one met his death in due course."
श्रुत्वा भवत्सकाशाद्धि पितुर्वृत्तमशेषतः ।
कल्याणं प्रतिपत्स्यामि विपरीतं न जातु चित् ॥४॥
4. śrutvā bhavatsakāśāddhi piturvṛttamaśeṣataḥ ,
kalyāṇaṁ pratipatsyāmi viparītaṁ na jātu cit.
4. śrutvā bhavatsakāśāt hi pituḥ vṛttam aśeṣataḥ
kalyāṇam pratipatsyāmi viparītam na jātu cit
4. "Indeed, having heard the complete story of my father from you, I shall attain good fortune and never anything contrary."
सूत उवाच ।
मन्त्रिणोऽथाब्रुवन्वाक्यं पृष्टास्तेन महात्मना ।
सर्वधर्मविदः प्राज्ञा राजानं जनमेजयम् ॥५॥
5. sūta uvāca ,
mantriṇo'thābruvanvākyaṁ pṛṣṭāstena mahātmanā ,
sarvadharmavidaḥ prājñā rājānaṁ janamejayam.
5. sūtaḥ uvāca mantriṇaḥ atha abruvan vākyam pṛṣṭāḥ tena
mahātmanā sarvadharma_vidaḥ prājñāḥ rājānam janamejayam
5. Sūta said: "Then the ministers, wise and knowing all dharma, being questioned by that great-souled Janamejaya, spoke these words to the king."
धर्मात्मा च महात्मा च प्रजापालः पिता तव ।
आसीदिह यथावृत्तः स महात्मा शृणुष्व तत् ॥६॥
6. dharmātmā ca mahātmā ca prajāpālaḥ pitā tava ,
āsīdiha yathāvṛttaḥ sa mahātmā śṛṇuṣva tat.
6. dharmātmā ca mahātmā ca prajāpālaḥ pitā tava
āsīt iha yathāvṛttaḥ saḥ mahātmā śṛṇuṣva tat
6. Your father, who was a righteous and noble soul and a protector of his subjects, lived here. Listen to how that great man conducted himself.
चातुर्वर्ण्यं स्वधर्मस्थं स कृत्वा पर्यरक्षत ।
धर्मतो धर्मविद्राजा धर्मो विग्रहवानिव ॥७॥
7. cāturvarṇyaṁ svadharmasthaṁ sa kṛtvā paryarakṣata ,
dharmato dharmavidrājā dharmo vigrahavāniva.
7. cāturvarṇyam svadharmastham saḥ kṛtvā paryarakṣata
dharmataḥ dharmavit rājā dharmaḥ vigrahavān iva
7. He established the four classes in their respective duties and protected them. That king, being a knower of Dharma, protected them righteously, as if Dharma itself had taken a physical form.
ररक्ष पृथिवीं देवीं श्रीमानतुलविक्रमः ।
द्वेष्टारस्तस्य नैवासन्स च न द्वेष्टि कंचन ।
समः सर्वेषु भूतेषु प्रजापतिरिवाभवत् ॥८॥
8. rarakṣa pṛthivīṁ devīṁ śrīmānatulavikramaḥ ,
dveṣṭārastasya naivāsansa ca na dveṣṭi kaṁcana ,
samaḥ sarveṣu bhūteṣu prajāpatirivābhavat.
8. rarakṣa pṛthivīm devīm śrīmān
atulavikramaḥ dveṣṭāraḥ tasya na eva āsan
saḥ ca na dveṣṭi kañcana samaḥ
sarveṣu bhūteṣu prajāpatiḥ iva abhavat
8. That glorious king, whose valor was unequalled, protected the goddess Earth. He had no enemies, and he himself did not hate anyone. He was impartial towards all beings, just like Prajapati (the lord of creation).
ब्राह्मणाः क्षत्रिया वैश्याः शूद्राश्चैव स्वकर्मसु ।
स्थिताः सुमनसो राजंस्तेन राज्ञा स्वनुष्ठिताः ॥९॥
9. brāhmaṇāḥ kṣatriyā vaiśyāḥ śūdrāścaiva svakarmasu ,
sthitāḥ sumanaso rājaṁstena rājñā svanuṣṭhitāḥ.
9. brāhmaṇāḥ kṣatriyāḥ vaiśyāḥ śūdrāḥ ca eva svakarmasu
sthitāḥ sumanasaḥ rājan tena rājñā svanuṣṭhitāḥ
9. O King, by that ruler, the Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas, and Shudras were all well-regulated; they remained established in their respective duties and were benevolent-minded.
विधवानाथकृपणान्विकलांश्च बभार सः ।
सुदर्शः सर्वभूतानामासीत्सोम इवापरः ॥१०॥
10. vidhavānāthakṛpaṇānvikalāṁśca babhāra saḥ ,
sudarśaḥ sarvabhūtānāmāsītsoma ivāparaḥ.
10. vidhavānāthakṛpaṇān vikalān ca babhāra saḥ
sudarśaḥ sarvabhūtānām āsīt somaḥ iva aparaḥ
10. He supported widows, orphans, the poor, and the disabled. To all beings, he was pleasing to behold, like another moon.
तुष्टपुष्टजनः श्रीमान्सत्यवाग्दृढविक्रमः ।
धनुर्वेदे च शिष्योऽभून्नृपः शारद्वतस्य सः ॥११॥
11. tuṣṭapuṣṭajanaḥ śrīmānsatyavāgdṛḍhavikramaḥ ,
dhanurvede ca śiṣyo'bhūnnṛpaḥ śāradvatasya saḥ.
11. tuṣṭapuṣṭajanaḥ śrīmān satyavāk dṛḍhavikramaḥ
dhanurvede ca śiṣyaḥ abhūt nṛpaḥ śāradvatasya saḥ
11. He was a king who kept his people happy and well-nourished, endowed with prosperity, truthful in speech, and of firm valor. He was also a disciple of Śāradvata (Kṛpācārya) in the science of archery.
गोविन्दस्य प्रियश्चासीत्पिता ते जनमेजय ।
लोकस्य चैव सर्वस्य प्रिय आसीन्महायशाः ॥१२॥
12. govindasya priyaścāsītpitā te janamejaya ,
lokasya caiva sarvasya priya āsīnmahāyaśāḥ.
12. govindasya priyaḥ ca āsīt pitā te janamejaya
lokasya ca eva sarvasya priyaḥ āsīt mahāyaśāḥ
12. O Janamejaya, your father was dear to Govinda (Kṛṣṇa). He was also very famous and dear to all people.
परिक्षीणेषु कुरुषु उत्तरायामजायत ।
परिक्षिदभवत्तेन सौभद्रस्यात्मजो बली ॥१३॥
13. parikṣīṇeṣu kuruṣu uttarāyāmajāyata ,
parikṣidabhavattena saubhadrasyātmajo balī.
13. parikṣīṇeṣu kuruṣu uttarāyām ajāyata parikṣit
abhavat tena saubhadrasya ātmajaḥ balī
13. When the Kurus were almost completely destroyed, he was born from Uttarā. Thus, the powerful son of Subhadrā's son (Abhimanyu), Parikṣit, came into being.
राजधर्मार्थकुशलो युक्तः सर्वगुणैर्नृपः ।
जितेन्द्रियश्चात्मवांश्च मेधावी वृद्धसेवितः ॥१४॥
14. rājadharmārthakuśalo yuktaḥ sarvaguṇairnṛpaḥ ,
jitendriyaścātmavāṁśca medhāvī vṛddhasevitaḥ.
14. rājadharmārthakuśalaḥ yuktaḥ sarvaguṇaiḥ nṛpaḥ
jitendriyaḥ ca ātmavān ca medhāvī vṛddhasevitaḥ
14. The king was skilled in the principles of kingship (Dharma and Artha), endowed with all virtues, self-controlled, self-possessed, intelligent, and respectful of elders.
षड्वर्गविन्महाबुद्धिर्नीतिधर्मविदुत्तमः ।
प्रजा इमास्तव पिता षष्टिं वर्षाण्यपालयत् ।
ततो दिष्टान्तमापन्नः सर्पेणानतिवर्तितम् ॥१५॥
15. ṣaḍvargavinmahābuddhirnītidharmaviduttamaḥ ,
prajā imāstava pitā ṣaṣṭiṁ varṣāṇyapālayat ,
tato diṣṭāntamāpannaḥ sarpeṇānativartitam.
15. ṣaḍvargavit mahābuddhiḥ nītidharmaviduttamaḥ
prajāḥ imāḥ tava pitā
ṣaṣṭim varṣāṇi apālayat tataḥ diṣṭāntam
āpannaḥ sarpeṇa anativartitam
15. Your father, of great intellect, was a knower of the six categories (of royal policy) and supreme in understanding Nīti (ethics/policy) and Dharma (righteousness). He ruled these subjects for sixty years. Thereafter, he met his end, which was unavoidable, by a serpent.
ततस्त्वं पुरुषश्रेष्ठ धर्मेण प्रतिपेदिवान् ।
इदं वर्षसहस्राय राज्यं कुरुकुलागतम् ।
बाल एवाभिजातोऽसि सर्वभूतानुपालकः ॥१६॥
16. tatastvaṁ puruṣaśreṣṭha dharmeṇa pratipedivān ,
idaṁ varṣasahasrāya rājyaṁ kurukulāgatam ,
bāla evābhijāto'si sarvabhūtānupālakaḥ.
16. tataḥ tvam puruṣaśreṣṭha dharmeṇa
pratipedivān idam varṣasahasrāya
rājyam kurukulāgatam bālaḥ eva
abhijātaḥ asi sarvabhūtānupālakaḥ
16. O best among men, you then obtained this kingdom, which had come down through the Kuru lineage, to rule for a thousand years, doing so righteously. Even as a child, you were born to be the protector of all beings.
जनमेजय उवाच ।
नास्मिन्कुले जातु बभूव राजा यो न प्रजानां हितकृत्प्रियश्च ।
विशेषतः प्रेक्ष्य पितामहानां वृत्तं महद्वृत्तपरायणानाम् ॥१७॥
17. janamejaya uvāca ,
nāsminkule jātu babhūva rājā; yo na prajānāṁ hitakṛtpriyaśca ,
viśeṣataḥ prekṣya pitāmahānāṁ; vṛttaṁ mahadvṛttaparāyaṇānām.
17. janamejaya uvāca na asmin kule jātu
babhūva rājā yaḥ na prajānām hitakṛt
priyaḥ ca viśeṣataḥ prekṣya
pitāmahānām vṛttam mahat vṛttaparāyaṇānām
17. Janamejaya said: "In this family, there was never a king who was not benevolent and dear to his subjects, especially when considering the great conduct of my ancestors, who were entirely devoted to virtue."
कथं निधनमापन्नः पिता मम तथाविधः ।
आचक्षध्वं यथावन्मे श्रोतुमिच्छामि तत्त्वतः ॥१८॥
18. kathaṁ nidhanamāpannaḥ pitā mama tathāvidhaḥ ,
ācakṣadhvaṁ yathāvanme śrotumicchāmi tattvataḥ.
18. katham nidhanam āpannaḥ pitā mama tathāvidhaḥ
ācakṣadhvam yathāvat me śrotum icchāmi tattvataḥ
18. How did my father, being such a virtuous person, meet his end? Please tell me in detail, for I truly wish to hear the truth.
सूत उवाच ।
एवं संचोदिता राज्ञा मन्त्रिणस्ते नराधिपम् ।
ऊचुः सर्वे यथावृत्तं राज्ञः प्रियहिते रताः ॥१९॥
19. sūta uvāca ,
evaṁ saṁcoditā rājñā mantriṇaste narādhipam ,
ūcuḥ sarve yathāvṛttaṁ rājñaḥ priyahite ratāḥ.
19. sūta uvāca evam saṃcoditāḥ rājñā mantriṇaḥ te narādhipam
ūcuḥ sarve yathāvṛttam rājñaḥ priyahite ratāḥ
19. Suta said: "Thus urged by the king, all those ministers, who were dedicated to the king's welfare, recounted to the lord of men exactly what had transpired."
बभूव मृगयाशीलस्तव राजन्पिता सदा ।
यथा पाण्डुर्महाभागो धनुर्धरवरो युधि ।
अस्मास्वासज्य सर्वाणि राजकार्याण्यशेषतः ॥२०॥
20. babhūva mṛgayāśīlastava rājanpitā sadā ,
yathā pāṇḍurmahābhāgo dhanurdharavaro yudhi ,
asmāsvāsajya sarvāṇi rājakāryāṇyaśeṣataḥ.
20. babhūva mṛgayāśīlaḥ tava rājan
pitā sadā yathā pāṇḍuḥ mahābhāgaḥ
dhanurdharavaraḥ yudhi asmāsu
āsajya sarvāṇi rājakāryāṇi aśeṣataḥ
20. O King, your father was always devoted to hunting, just like the greatly fortunate Pāṇḍu, who was the best of archers in battle. He had completely entrusted all royal duties to us.
स कदाचिद्वनचरो मृगं विव्याध पत्रिणा ।
विद्ध्वा चान्वसरत्तूर्णं तं मृगं गहने वने ॥२१॥
21. sa kadācidvanacaro mṛgaṁ vivyādha patriṇā ,
viddhvā cānvasarattūrṇaṁ taṁ mṛgaṁ gahane vane.
21. saḥ kadācit vanacaraḥ mṛgam vivyādha patriṇā |
viddhvā ca anvasarat tūrṇam tam mṛgam gahane vane
21. Once, that forest-dweller shot a deer with an arrow. Having wounded it, he quickly followed that deer into the dense forest.
पदातिर्बद्धनिस्त्रिंशस्ततायुधकलापवान् ।
न चाससाद गहने मृगं नष्टं पिता तव ॥२२॥
22. padātirbaddhanistriṁśastatāyudhakalāpavān ,
na cāsasāda gahane mṛgaṁ naṣṭaṁ pitā tava.
22. padātiḥ baddhanistriṁśaḥ tatāyudhakalāpavān
| na ca āsasāda gahane mṛgam naṣṭam pitā tava
22. But your father, though on foot, with his sword tied and equipped with a quiver full of arrows, did not find the lost deer in that dense forest.
परिश्रान्तो वयःस्थश्च षष्टिवर्षो जरान्वितः ।
क्षुधितः स महारण्ये ददर्श मुनिमन्तिके ॥२३॥
23. pariśrānto vayaḥsthaśca ṣaṣṭivarṣo jarānvitaḥ ,
kṣudhitaḥ sa mahāraṇye dadarśa munimantike.
23. pariśrāntaḥ vayaḥsthaḥ ca ṣaṣṭivarṣaḥ jarānvitaḥ
| kṣudhitaḥ saḥ mahāraṇye dadarśa munim antike
23. Exhausted, aged, sixty years old, afflicted by old age, and hungry, he saw a sage nearby in the great forest.
स तं पप्रच्छ राजेन्द्रो मुनिं मौनव्रतान्वितम् ।
न च किंचिदुवाचैनं स मुनिः पृच्छतोऽपि सन् ॥२४॥
24. sa taṁ papraccha rājendro muniṁ maunavratānvitam ,
na ca kiṁciduvācainaṁ sa muniḥ pṛcchato'pi san.
24. saḥ tam papraccha rājendraḥ munim maunavratānvitam |
na ca kiñcit uvāca enam saḥ muniḥ pṛcchataḥ api san
24. That king asked the sage, who was observing a vow of silence, but even though he was asked, that sage said nothing to him.
ततो राजा क्षुच्छ्रमार्तस्तं मुनिं स्थाणुवत्स्थितम् ।
मौनव्रतधरं शान्तं सद्यो मन्युवशं ययौ ॥२५॥
25. tato rājā kṣucchramārtastaṁ muniṁ sthāṇuvatsthitam ,
maunavratadharaṁ śāntaṁ sadyo manyuvaśaṁ yayau.
25. tataḥ rājā kṣucchramārtaḥ tam munim sthāṇuvat sthitam
| maunavratadharam śāntam sadyaḥ manyuvaśam yayau
25. Then, the king, afflicted by hunger and fatigue, immediately fell prey to anger towards that sage, who was standing motionless like a tree-stump, observing a vow of silence, and calm.
न बुबोध हि तं राजा मौनव्रतधरं मुनिम् ।
स तं मन्युसमाविष्टो धर्षयामास ते पिता ॥२६॥
26. na bubodha hi taṁ rājā maunavratadharaṁ munim ,
sa taṁ manyusamāviṣṭo dharṣayāmāsa te pitā.
26. na bubodha hi tam rājā maunavratadharam munim
sa tam manyusamāviṣṭaḥ dharṣayāmāsa te pitā
26. Indeed, the king did not recognize that sage, who was observing a vow of silence. Filled with anger, your father then insulted him.
मृतं सर्पं धनुष्कोट्या समुत्क्षिप्य धरातलात् ।
तस्य शुद्धात्मनः प्रादात्स्कन्धे भरतसत्तम ॥२७॥
27. mṛtaṁ sarpaṁ dhanuṣkoṭyā samutkṣipya dharātalāt ,
tasya śuddhātmanaḥ prādātskandhe bharatasattama.
27. mṛtam sarpam dhanuṣkoṭyā samutkṣipya dharātalāt
tasya śuddhātmanaḥ prādāt skandhe bharatasattama
27. O best of Bharatas, having lifted a dead snake from the ground with the tip of his bow, he placed it on the shoulder of that pure-souled sage.
न चोवाच स मेधावी तमथो साध्वसाधु वा ।
तस्थौ तथैव चाक्रुध्यन्सर्पं स्कन्धेन धारयन् ॥२८॥
28. na covāca sa medhāvī tamatho sādhvasādhu vā ,
tasthau tathaiva cākrudhyansarpaṁ skandhena dhārayan.
28. na ca uvāca sa medhāvī tam atha u sādhu asādhu vā
tasthau tathā eva ca akrudhyan sarpam skandhena dhārayan
28. That wise sage did not say anything to him, neither good nor bad. He remained just as he was, not becoming angry, and continued to bear the snake on his shoulder.