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महाभारतः       mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-107

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सुपर्ण उवाच ।
इयं विवस्वता पूर्वं श्रौतेन विधिना किल ।
गुरवे दक्षिणा दत्ता दक्षिणेत्युच्यतेऽथ दिक् ॥१॥
1. suparṇa uvāca ,
iyaṁ vivasvatā pūrvaṁ śrautena vidhinā kila ,
gurave dakṣiṇā dattā dakṣiṇetyucyate'tha dik.
1. suparṇaḥ uvāca iyam vivasvatā pūrvam śrautena vidhinā
kila gurave dakṣiṇā dattā dakṣiṇā iti ucyate atha dik
1. Suparṇa said: Formerly, it is said, Vivasvat (the Sun god) gave a ceremonial gift (dakṣiṇā) to his teacher (guru) according to scriptural injunction. Thus, that direction is now called Dakṣiṇā (the southern direction).
अत्र लोकत्रयस्यास्य पितृपक्षः प्रतिष्ठितः ।
अत्रोष्मपानां देवानां निवासः श्रूयते द्विज ॥२॥
2. atra lokatrayasyāsya pitṛpakṣaḥ pratiṣṭhitaḥ ,
atroṣmapānāṁ devānāṁ nivāsaḥ śrūyate dvija.
2. atra lokatrayasya asya pitṛpakṣaḥ pratiṣṭhitaḥ
atra uṣmapānām devānām nivāsaḥ śrūyate dvija
2. Here, for these three worlds, the region of the ancestors (pitṛpakṣa) is established. Here, it is said, is the abode of the Usmapa deities, O twice-born (dvija).
अत्र विश्वे सदा देवाः पितृभिः सार्धमासते ।
इज्यमानाः स्म लोकेषु संप्राप्तास्तुल्यभागताम् ॥३॥
3. atra viśve sadā devāḥ pitṛbhiḥ sārdhamāsate ,
ijyamānāḥ sma lokeṣu saṁprāptāstulyabhāgatām.
3. atra viśve sadā devāḥ pitṛbhiḥ sārdham āsate
ijyamānāḥ sma lokeṣu saṃprāptāḥ tulyabhāgatām
3. Here, all the gods always dwell together with the ancestors. They have attained an equal share when being worshipped (yajña) in the various realms.
एतद्द्वितीयं धर्मस्य द्वारमाचक्षते द्विज ।
त्रुटिशो लवशश्चात्र गण्यते कालनिश्चयः ॥४॥
4. etaddvitīyaṁ dharmasya dvāramācakṣate dvija ,
truṭiśo lavaśaścātra gaṇyate kālaniścayaḥ.
4. etat dvitīyam dharmasya dvāram ācakṣate dvija
truṭiśaḥ lavaśaḥ ca atra gaṇyate kālaniścayaḥ
4. O twice-born (dvija), they declare this to be the second gate of dharma (natural law). Here, the measurement of time is reckoned in its smallest units, like truṭis and lavas.
अत्र देवर्षयो नित्यं पितृलोकर्षयस्तथा ।
तथा राजर्षयः सर्वे निवसन्ति गतव्यथाः ॥५॥
5. atra devarṣayo nityaṁ pitṛlokarṣayastathā ,
tathā rājarṣayaḥ sarve nivasanti gatavyathāḥ.
5. atra devarṣayaḥ nityam pitṛlokarṣayaḥ tathā
tathā rājarṣayaḥ sarve nivasanti gatavyathāḥ
5. Here, divine sages (devarṣis), and also the sages of the ancestral realm (pitṛlokarṣis), as well as all royal sages (rājarṣis), constantly dwell, free from distress.
अत्र धर्मश्च सत्यं च कर्म चात्र निशाम्यते ।
गतिरेषा द्विजश्रेष्ठ कर्मणात्मावसादिनः ॥६॥
6. atra dharmaśca satyaṁ ca karma cātra niśāmyate ,
gatireṣā dvijaśreṣṭha karmaṇātmāvasādinaḥ.
6. atra dharmaḥ ca satyam ca karma ca atra niśāmyate
gatiḥ eṣā dvijaśreṣṭha karmaṇā ātmāvasādinaḥ
6. Here, dharma (natural law), truth, and action (karma) are perceived. O best among the twice-born (dvijaśreṣṭha), this is the destination for one who has degraded their own self (ātman) through their actions (karma).
एषा दिक्सा द्विजश्रेष्ठ यां सर्वः प्रतिपद्यते ।
वृता त्वनवबोधेन सुखं तेन न गम्यते ॥७॥
7. eṣā diksā dvijaśreṣṭha yāṁ sarvaḥ pratipadyate ,
vṛtā tvanavabodhena sukhaṁ tena na gamyate.
7. eṣā diksā dvij-śreṣṭha yām sarvaḥ pratipadyate
vṛtā tu anavabodhena sukham tena na gamyate
7. O best among the twice-born (dvija), this initiation (diksā) which everyone strives to achieve, is, however, veiled by a lack of proper understanding (anavabodha). Therefore, happiness is not attained through it.
नैरृतानां सहस्राणि बहून्यत्र द्विजर्षभ ।
सृष्टानि प्रतिकूलानि द्रष्टव्यान्यकृतात्मभिः ॥८॥
8. nairṛtānāṁ sahasrāṇi bahūnyatra dvijarṣabha ,
sṛṣṭāni pratikūlāni draṣṭavyānyakṛtātmabhiḥ.
8. nairṛtānām sahasrāṇi bahūni atra dvijarṣabha
sṛṣṭāni pratikūlāni draṣṭavyāni akṛtātmabhiḥ
8. O bull among the twice-born (dvija), many thousands of demons (nairṛta) exist here, created as hostile forces, and are to be perceived by those whose inner self (ātman) is undeveloped.
अत्र मन्दरकुञ्जेषु विप्रर्षिसदनेषु च ।
गन्धर्वा गान्ति गाथा वै चित्तबुद्धिहरा द्विज ॥९॥
9. atra mandarakuñjeṣu viprarṣisadaneṣu ca ,
gandharvā gānti gāthā vai cittabuddhiharā dvija.
9. atra mandara-kuñjeṣu viprarṣi-sadaneṣu ca
gandharvā gānti gāthā vai citta-buddhi-harā dvija
9. O twice-born (dvija), here in the groves of Mandara mountain and in the abodes of the Brahmin sages (viprarṣi), the Gandharvas indeed sing songs (gāthā) that captivate the mind and intellect.
अत्र सामानि गाथाभिः श्रुत्वा गीतानि रैवतः ।
गतदारो गतामात्यो गतराज्यो वनं गतः ॥१०॥
10. atra sāmāni gāthābhiḥ śrutvā gītāni raivataḥ ,
gatadāro gatāmātyo gatarājyo vanaṁ gataḥ.
10. atra sāmāni gāthābhiḥ śrutvā gītāni raivataḥ
gata-dāraḥ gata-amātyaḥ gata-rājyaḥ vanam gataḥ
10. Here, Raivata, having heard the Sāma chants sung through songs (gāthā), and being bereft of his wife, ministers, and kingdom, went to the forest.
अत्र सावर्णिना चैव यवक्रीतात्मजेन च ।
मर्यादा स्थापिता ब्रह्मन्यां सूर्यो नातिवर्तते ॥११॥
11. atra sāvarṇinā caiva yavakrītātmajena ca ,
maryādā sthāpitā brahmanyāṁ sūryo nātivartate.
11. atra sāvarṇinā ca eva yavakrītātmajēna ca
maryādā sthāpitā brahman yām sūryaḥ na ativartate
11. O Brahman, here a sacred boundary (maryādā) was established by Sāvarṇi and by the son of Yavaskrīta, which the sun itself does not transgress.
अत्र राक्षसराजेन पौलस्त्येन महात्मना ।
रावणेन तपश्चीर्त्वा सुरेभ्योऽमरता वृता ॥१२॥
12. atra rākṣasarājena paulastyena mahātmanā ,
rāvaṇena tapaścīrtvā surebhyo'maratā vṛtā.
12. atra rākṣasarājēna paulastyēna mahātmanā
rāvaṇēna tapaḥ cīrtvā surēbhyaḥ amaratā vṛtā
12. Here, Rāvaṇa, the great-souled king of the rākṣasas (demons) and descendant of Pulastya, performed severe austerity (tapas) and thereby gained immortality from the gods.
अत्र वृत्तेन वृत्रोऽपि शक्रशत्रुत्वमीयिवान् ।
अत्र सर्वासवः प्राप्ताः पुनर्गच्छन्ति पञ्चधा ॥१३॥
13. atra vṛttena vṛtro'pi śakraśatrutvamīyivān ,
atra sarvāsavaḥ prāptāḥ punargacchanti pañcadhā.
13. atra vṛttēna vṛtraḥ api śakraśatrutvam īyivān
atra sarvāśavaḥ prāptāḥ punaḥ gacchanti pañcadhā
13. Here, due to a specific ritual (vṛtta), even Vṛtra attained the state of being an enemy of Indra (Śakra). Here, all vital breaths, having reached their culmination, return to their five constituent elements.
अत्र दुष्कृतकर्माणो नराः पच्यन्ति गालव ।
अत्र वैतरणी नाम नदी वितरणैर्वृता ।
अत्र गत्वा सुखस्यान्तं दुःखस्यान्तं प्रपद्यते ॥१४॥
14. atra duṣkṛtakarmāṇo narāḥ pacyanti gālava ,
atra vaitaraṇī nāma nadī vitaraṇairvṛtā ,
atra gatvā sukhasyāntaṁ duḥkhasyāntaṁ prapadyate.
14. atra duṣkṛtakarmāṇaḥ narāḥ pacyanti
gālava atra vaitaraṇī nāma nadī
vitaraṇaiḥ vṛtā atra gatvā sukhasya
antam duḥkhasya antam prapadyate
14. O Gālava, here, people who have committed wicked actions suffer intensely. Here, there is a river called Vaitaraṇī, which is filled with tumultuous currents. By journeying here, one ultimately reaches the end of both happiness and sorrow.
अत्रावृत्तो दिनकरः क्षरते सुरसं पयः ।
काष्ठां चासाद्य धानिष्ठां हिममुत्सृजते पुनः ॥१५॥
15. atrāvṛtto dinakaraḥ kṣarate surasaṁ payaḥ ,
kāṣṭhāṁ cāsādya dhāniṣṭhāṁ himamutsṛjate punaḥ.
15. atra āvṛttaḥ dinakaraḥ kṣarate surasam payaḥ
kāṣṭhām ca āsādya dhāniṣṭhām himam utsṛjate punaḥ
15. Here, when the sun turns (southward), it emits sweet water. And having reached the Dhaniṣṭhā lunar mansion, it releases snow again.
अत्राहं गालव पुरा क्षुधार्तः परिचिन्तयन् ।
लब्धवान्युध्यमानौ द्वौ बृहन्तौ गजकच्छपौ ॥१६॥
16. atrāhaṁ gālava purā kṣudhārtaḥ paricintayan ,
labdhavānyudhyamānau dvau bṛhantau gajakacchapau.
16. atra aham gālava purā kṣudhā ārtaḥ paricintayan
labdhavān yudhyamānau dvau bṛhantau gajakacchapau
16. Here, O Gālava, in ancient times, while I was tormented by hunger and reflecting, I found two huge elephant-tortoises fighting.
अत्र शक्रधनुर्नाम सूर्याज्जातो महानृषिः ।
विदुर्यं कपिलं देवं येनात्ताः सगरात्मजाः ॥१७॥
17. atra śakradhanurnāma sūryājjāto mahānṛṣiḥ ,
viduryaṁ kapilaṁ devaṁ yenāttāḥ sagarātmajāḥ.
17. atra śakradhanuḥ nāma sūryāt jātaḥ mahān ṛṣiḥ
viduḥ yam kapilam devam yena attāḥ sagarātmajāḥ
17. Here, a great sage (ṛṣi) named Śakradhanu was born from the sun. People know him as the divine Kapila, by whom the sons of Sagara were consumed.
अत्र सिद्धाः शिवा नाम ब्राह्मणा वेदपारगाः ।
अधीत्य सखिलान्वेदानालभन्ते यमक्षयम् ॥१८॥
18. atra siddhāḥ śivā nāma brāhmaṇā vedapāragāḥ ,
adhītya sakhilānvedānālabhante yamakṣayam.
18. atra siddhāḥ śivāḥ nāma brāhmaṇāḥ vedapāragāḥ
adhītya sakhilān vedān ālabhante yamakṣayam
18. Here, perfected Brahmins (brāhmaṇa), known as Śiva, who have mastered the Vedas (veda), having studied all the Vedas along with their auxiliary texts, attain the abode of Yama (yamakṣayam).
अत्र भोगवती नाम पुरी वासुकिपालिता ।
तक्षकेण च नागेन तथैवैरावतेन च ॥१९॥
19. atra bhogavatī nāma purī vāsukipālitā ,
takṣakeṇa ca nāgena tathaivairāvatena ca.
19. atra bhogavatī nāma purī vāsukipālitā |
takṣakeṇa ca nāgena tathā eva airāvateṇa ca
19. Here is a city named Bhogavatī, guarded by Vāsuki, and also by the nāga Takṣaka, as well as by Airāvata.
अत्र निर्याणकालेषु तमः संप्राप्यते महत् ।
अभेद्यं भास्करेणापि स्वयं वा कृष्णवर्त्मना ॥२०॥
20. atra niryāṇakāleṣu tamaḥ saṁprāpyate mahat ,
abhedyaṁ bhāskareṇāpi svayaṁ vā kṛṣṇavartmanā.
20. atra niryāṇakāleṣu tamaḥ samprāpyate mahat |
abhedyam bhāskareṇa api svayam vā kṛṣṇavartmanā
20. Here, during the times of departure, a profound darkness is encountered, impenetrable even by the sun or by Agni (kṛṣṇavartman) himself.
एष तस्यापि ते मार्गः परितापस्य गालव ।
ब्रूहि मे यदि गन्तव्यं प्रतीचीं शृणु वा मम ॥२१॥
21. eṣa tasyāpi te mārgaḥ paritāpasya gālava ,
brūhi me yadi gantavyaṁ pratīcīṁ śṛṇu vā mama.
21. eṣa tasya api te mārgaḥ paritāpasya gālava |
brūhi me yadi gantavyam pratīcīm śṛṇu vā mama
21. O Gālava, this is also a path to suffering for you. Tell me if you intend to go to the west, or rather, listen to me.