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महाभारतः       mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-66

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युधिष्ठिर उवाच ।
श्रुता मे कथिताः पूर्वैश्चत्वारो मानवाश्रमाः ।
व्याख्यानमेषामाचक्ष्व पृच्छतो मे पितामह ॥१॥
1. yudhiṣṭhira uvāca ,
śrutā me kathitāḥ pūrvaiścatvāro mānavāśramāḥ ,
vyākhyānameṣāmācakṣva pṛcchato me pitāmaha.
1. yudhiṣṭhiraḥ uvāca śrutāḥ me kathitāḥ pūrvaiḥ catvāraḥ
mānava-āśramāḥ vyākhyānam eṣām ācakṣva pṛcchataḥ me pitāmaha
1. yudhiṣṭhiraḥ uvāca: pitāmaha,
me pūrvaiḥ kathitāḥ catvāraḥ mānava-āśramāḥ śrutāḥ.
pṛcchataḥ me eṣām vyākhyānam ācakṣva.
1. Yudhiṣṭhira said: "Grandfather, I have heard about the four human stages of life (āśramas) as described by the ancients. Please explain them to me, who am asking."
भीष्म उवाच ।
विदिताः सर्व एवेह धर्मास्तव युधिष्ठिर ।
यथा मम महाबाहो विदिताः साधुसंमताः ॥२॥
2. bhīṣma uvāca ,
viditāḥ sarva eveha dharmāstava yudhiṣṭhira ,
yathā mama mahābāho viditāḥ sādhusaṁmatāḥ.
2. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca viditāḥ sarve eva iha dharmāḥ tava
yudhiṣṭhira yathā mama mahā-bāho viditāḥ sādhu-saṃmatāḥ
2. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca: yudhiṣṭhira mahā-bāho,
iha sarve eva dharmāḥ tava viditāḥ.
yathā mama viditāḥ sādhu-saṃmatāḥ.
2. Bhīṣma said: "O Yudhiṣṭhira, all these principles (dharma) are indeed known to you in this world, just as they are known to me and approved by the virtuous, O mighty-armed one."
यत्तु लिङ्गान्तरगतं पृच्छसे मां युधिष्ठिर ।
धर्मं धर्मभृतां श्रेष्ठ तन्निबोध नराधिप ॥३॥
3. yattu liṅgāntaragataṁ pṛcchase māṁ yudhiṣṭhira ,
dharmaṁ dharmabhṛtāṁ śreṣṭha tannibodha narādhipa.
3. yat tu liṅgāntaragataṃ pṛcchase mām yudhiṣṭhira
dharmam dharmabhṛtāṃ śreṣṭha tat nibodha narādhipa
3. yudhiṣṭhira dharmabhṛtāṃ śreṣṭha narādhipa yat tu
mām liṅgāntaragataṃ dharmam pṛcchase tat nibodha
3. But whatever else you ask me, O Yudhiṣṭhira, concerning the specific duties (dharma) related to other stages of life (āśrama), O best among those who uphold natural law (dharma), O king, understand that.
सर्वाण्येतानि कौन्तेय विद्यन्ते मनुजर्षभ ।
साध्वाचारप्रवृत्तानां चातुराश्रम्यकर्मणाम् ॥४॥
4. sarvāṇyetāni kaunteya vidyante manujarṣabha ,
sādhvācārapravṛttānāṁ cāturāśramyakarmaṇām.
4. sarvāṇi etāni kaunteya vidyante manujarṣabha
sādhvācāra-pravṛttānāṃ cāturāśramya-karmaṇām
4. kaunteya manujarṣabha etāni sarvāṇi
sādhvācāra-pravṛttānām cāturāśramya-karmaṇām vidyante
4. All these, O son of Kunti, O best among men, exist for those engaged in virtuous conduct and performing the duties (karma) of the four stages of life (āśrama).
अकामद्वेषयुक्तस्य दण्डनीत्या युधिष्ठिर ।
समेक्षिणश्च भूतेषु भैक्षाश्रमपदं भवेत् ॥५॥
5. akāmadveṣayuktasya daṇḍanītyā yudhiṣṭhira ,
samekṣiṇaśca bhūteṣu bhaikṣāśramapadaṁ bhavet.
5. akāmadveṣayuktasya daṇḍanītyā yudhiṣṭhira
samekṣiṇaḥ ca bhūteṣu bhaikṣāśramapadam bhavet
5. yudhiṣṭhira akāmadveṣayuktasya daṇḍanītyā
samekṣiṇaḥ ca bhūteṣu bhaikṣāśramapadam bhavet
5. O Yudhiṣṭhira, for one who is free from desire and hatred, who lives by strict self-discipline (daṇḍanīti), and who regards all beings equally, the stage of a mendicant (bhaikṣāśrama) is appropriate.
वेत्त्यादानविसर्गं यो निग्रहानुग्रहौ तथा ।
यथोक्तवृत्तेर्वीरस्य क्षेमाश्रमपदं भवेत् ॥६॥
6. vettyādānavisargaṁ yo nigrahānugrahau tathā ,
yathoktavṛttervīrasya kṣemāśramapadaṁ bhavet.
6. vetti ādānavisargam yaḥ nigrahānugrahau tathā
yathoktavṛtteḥ vīrasya kṣemāśramapadam bhavet
6. yaḥ ādānavisargam tathā nigrahānugrahau vetti,
tādṛśasya yathoktavṛtteḥ vīrasya kṣemāśramapadam bhavet
6. For the valiant individual (vīra) whose conduct is as prescribed, and who understands the principles of acquisition and relinquishment, as well as restraint and favor, the stage of ensuring welfare (kṣemāśrama) is appropriate.
ज्ञातिसंबन्धिमित्राणि व्यापन्नानि युधिष्ठिर ।
समभ्युद्धरमाणस्य दीक्षाश्रमपदं भवेत् ॥७॥
7. jñātisaṁbandhimitrāṇi vyāpannāni yudhiṣṭhira ,
samabhyuddharamāṇasya dīkṣāśramapadaṁ bhavet.
7. jñātisambandhimitrāṇi vyāpannāni yudhiṣṭhira
samabhyuddharamāṇasya dīkṣāśramapadam bhavet
7. yudhiṣṭhira vyāpannāni jñātisambandhimitrāṇi
samabhyuddharamāṇasya dīkṣāśramapadam bhavet
7. O Yudhishthira, for one who rescues his kinsmen, relatives, and friends who are in distress, that indeed becomes his stage of life (āśrama) as a spiritual initiation (dīkṣā).
आह्निकं भूतयज्ञांश्च पितृयज्ञांश्च मानुषान् ।
कुर्वतः पार्थ विपुलान्वन्याश्रमपदं भवेत् ॥८॥
8. āhnikaṁ bhūtayajñāṁśca pitṛyajñāṁśca mānuṣān ,
kurvataḥ pārtha vipulānvanyāśramapadaṁ bhavet.
8. āhnikam bhūtayajñān ca pitṛyajñān ca mānuṣān
kurvataḥ pārtha vipulān vanyāśramapadam bhavet
8. pārtha vipulān āhnikam ca mānuṣān bhūtayajñān
ca pitṛyajñān kurvataḥ vanyāśramapadam bhavet
8. O Pārtha, for one who performs extensive daily rituals (āhnikam), and human offerings (yajñas) to beings (bhūtayajñas) and ancestors (pitṛyajñas), that becomes the stage of life (āśrama) of a forest dweller.
पालनात्सर्वभूतानां स्वराष्ट्रपरिपालनात् ।
दीक्षा बहुविधा राज्ञो वन्याश्रमपदं भवेत् ॥९॥
9. pālanātsarvabhūtānāṁ svarāṣṭraparipālanāt ,
dīkṣā bahuvidhā rājño vanyāśramapadaṁ bhavet.
9. pālanāt sarvabhūtānām svarāṣṭraparipālanāt
dīkṣā bahuvidhā rājñaḥ vanyāśramapadam bhavet
9. rājñaḥ sarvabhūtānām pālanāt ca svarāṣṭraparipālanāt
bahuvidhā dīkṣā vanyāśramapadam bhavet
9. For a king, his varied duties of initiation (dīkṣā), stemming from the protection of all beings and the protection of his own kingdom, constitute the stage of life (āśrama) of a forest dweller.
वेदाध्ययननित्यत्वं क्षमाथाचार्यपूजनम् ।
तथोपाध्यायशुश्रूषा ब्रह्माश्रमपदं भवेत् ॥१०॥
10. vedādhyayananityatvaṁ kṣamāthācāryapūjanam ,
tathopādhyāyaśuśrūṣā brahmāśramapadaṁ bhavet.
10. vedādhyayananityatvam kṣamā atha ācāryapūjanam
tathā upādhyāyaśuśrūṣā brahmāśramapadam bhavet
10. vedādhyayananityatvam kṣamā atha ācāryapūjanam
tathā upādhyāyaśuśrūṣā brahmāśramapadam bhavet
10. Constant study of the Vedas, patience, and reverence for one's teacher (ācārya), as well as service to one's preceptor (upādhyāya) - these constitute the stage of life (āśrama) of a Brahmin.
अजिह्ममशठं मार्गं सेवमानस्य भारत ।
सर्वदा सर्वभूतेषु ब्रह्माश्रमपदं भवेत् ॥११॥
11. ajihmamaśaṭhaṁ mārgaṁ sevamānasya bhārata ,
sarvadā sarvabhūteṣu brahmāśramapadaṁ bhavet.
11. ajihmam aśaṭham mārgam sevamānasya bhārata
sarvadā sarvabhūteṣu brahmāśramapadam bhavet
11. bhārata sarvadā sarvabhūteṣu ajihmam aśaṭham
mārgam sevamānasya brahmāśramapadam bhavet
11. O Bhārata, for one who always follows a straightforward and honest path towards all beings, the state of Brahmā's hermitage (brahmāśramapada) will be attained.
वानप्रस्थेषु विप्रेषु त्रैविद्येषु च भारत ।
प्रयच्छतोऽर्थान्विपुलान्वन्याश्रमपदं भवेत् ॥१२॥
12. vānaprastheṣu vipreṣu traividyeṣu ca bhārata ,
prayacchato'rthānvipulānvanyāśramapadaṁ bhavet.
12. vānaprasatheṣu vipreṣu traividyeṣu ca bhārata
prayacchataḥ arthān vipulān vanyāśramapadam bhavet
12. bhārata vānaprasatheṣu vipreṣu ca traividyeṣu
vipulān arthān prayacchataḥ vanyāśramapadam bhavet
12. O Bhārata, for one who bestows abundant wealth upon forest hermits, Brahmins, and those learned in the three Vedas, the state of the forest hermitage (vanyāśramapada) will be attained.
सर्वभूतेष्वनुक्रोशं कुर्वतस्तस्य भारत ।
आनृशंस्यप्रवृत्तस्य सर्वावस्थं पदं भवेत् ॥१३॥
13. sarvabhūteṣvanukrośaṁ kurvatastasya bhārata ,
ānṛśaṁsyapravṛttasya sarvāvasthaṁ padaṁ bhavet.
13. sarvabhūteṣu anukrośam kurvataḥ tasya bhārata
ānṛśaṃsyapravṛttasya sarvāvastham padam bhavet
13. bhārata tasya sarvabhūteṣu anukrośam kurvataḥ
ānṛśaṃsyapravṛttasya sarvāvastham padam bhavet
13. O Bhārata, for that person who demonstrates compassion towards all beings and is committed to benevolence, a universal state will be attained.
बालवृद्धेषु कौरव्य सर्वावस्थं युधिष्ठिर ।
अनुक्रोशं विदधतः सर्वावस्थं पदं भवेत् ॥१४॥
14. bālavṛddheṣu kauravya sarvāvasthaṁ yudhiṣṭhira ,
anukrośaṁ vidadhataḥ sarvāvasthaṁ padaṁ bhavet.
14. bālavṛddheṣu kauravya sarvāvastham yudhiṣṭhira
anukrośam vidadhataḥ sarvāvastham padam bhavet
14. kauravya yudhiṣṭhira sarvāvastham bālavṛddheṣu
anukrośam vidadhataḥ sarvāvastham padam bhavet
14. O Yudhishthira, O Kauravya, for one who, in all circumstances, shows compassion to children and the elderly, a universal state will be attained.
बलात्कृतेषु भूतेषु परित्राणं कुरूद्वह ।
शरणागतेषु कौरव्य कुर्वन्गार्हस्थ्यमावसेत् ॥१५॥
15. balātkṛteṣu bhūteṣu paritrāṇaṁ kurūdvaha ,
śaraṇāgateṣu kauravya kurvangārhasthyamāvaset.
15. balātkṛteṣu bhūteṣu paritrāṇam kurūdvaha
śaraṇāgateṣu kauravya kurvan gārhasthyam āvaset
15. kurūdvaha kauravya balātkṛteṣu bhūteṣu
śaraṇāgateṣu paritrāṇam kurvan gārhasthyam āvaset
15. O foremost of Kurus (Kurūdvaha), O descendant of Kuru (Kauravya), one should live the householder's life (āśrama) by providing protection to oppressed beings and to those who seek refuge.
चराचराणां भूतानां रक्षामपि च सर्वशः ।
यथार्हपूजां च सदा कुर्वन्गार्हस्थ्यमावसेत् ॥१६॥
16. carācarāṇāṁ bhūtānāṁ rakṣāmapi ca sarvaśaḥ ,
yathārhapūjāṁ ca sadā kurvangārhasthyamāvaset.
16. cara-acarāṇām bhūtānām rakṣām api ca sarvaśaḥ
yathārha-pūjām ca sadā kurvan gārhasthyam āvaset
16. cara-acarāṇām bhūtānām rakṣām api ca sarvaśaḥ
sadā ca yathārha-pūjām kurvan gārhasthyam āvaset
16. And also, one should live the householder's life (āśrama) by entirely protecting all moving and non-moving beings, and always offering them appropriate honor.
ज्येष्ठानुज्येष्ठपत्नीनां भ्रातॄणां पुत्रनप्तृणाम् ।
निग्रहानुग्रहौ पार्थ गार्हस्थ्यमिति तत्तपः ॥१७॥
17. jyeṣṭhānujyeṣṭhapatnīnāṁ bhrātṝṇāṁ putranaptṛṇām ,
nigrahānugrahau pārtha gārhasthyamiti tattapaḥ.
17. jyeṣṭha-anujyeṣṭha-patnīnām bhrātṝṇām putra-naptṝṇām
nigraha-anugrahau pārtha gārhasthyam iti tat tapaḥ
17. pārtha,
jyeṣṭha-anujyeṣṭha-patnīnām bhrātṝṇām putra-naptṝṇām nigraha-anugrahau gārhasthyam iti tat tapaḥ
17. O son of Pṛthā (Pārtha), exercising both control and favor (nigraha-anugrahau) over the wives of elder and younger brothers, over brothers, and over sons and grandsons – this, indeed, is the austerity (tapas) of the householder's life (āśrama).
साधूनामर्चनीयानां प्रजासु विदितात्मनाम् ।
पालनं पुरुषव्याघ्र गृहाश्रमपदं भवेत् ॥१८॥
18. sādhūnāmarcanīyānāṁ prajāsu viditātmanām ,
pālanaṁ puruṣavyāghra gṛhāśramapadaṁ bhavet.
18. sādhūnām arcanīyānām prajāsu vidita-ātmanām
pālanam puruṣa-vyāghra gṛha-āśrama-padam bhavet
18. puruṣa-vyāghra,
prajāsu vidita-ātmanām arcanīyānām sādhūnām pālanam gṛha-āśrama-padam bhavet
18. O tiger among men (Puruṣavyāghra), the protection and sustenance of righteous individuals (sādhu) - those worthy of honor and whose true self (ātman) is known among the populace - should be the essence of the householder's state (āśrama).
आश्रमस्थानि सर्वाणि यस्तु वेश्मनि भारत ।
आददीतेह भोज्येन तद्गार्हस्थ्यं युधिष्ठिर ॥१९॥
19. āśramasthāni sarvāṇi yastu veśmani bhārata ,
ādadīteha bhojyena tadgārhasthyaṁ yudhiṣṭhira.
19. āśramasthāni sarvāṇi yaḥ tu veśmani bhārata
ādadīta iha bhojyena tat gārhasthyam yudhiṣṭhira
19. yudhiṣṭhira bhārata yaḥ tu veśmani āśramasthāni sarvāṇi bhojyena iha ādadīta,
tat gārhasthyam
19. O Bhārata, O Yudhiṣṭhira, he who in his home maintains all those dwelling in the (other) stages of life (āśramas) by means of food, that indeed is householder life (gārhasthya).
यः स्थितः पुरुषो धर्मे धात्रा सृष्टे यथार्थवत् ।
आश्रमाणां स सर्वेषां फलं प्राप्नोत्यनुत्तमम् ॥२०॥
20. yaḥ sthitaḥ puruṣo dharme dhātrā sṛṣṭe yathārthavat ,
āśramāṇāṁ sa sarveṣāṁ phalaṁ prāpnotyanuttamam.
20. yaḥ sthitaḥ puruṣaḥ dharme dhātrā sṛṣṭe yathārthavat
āśramāṇām sa sarveṣām phalam prāpnoti anuttamam
20. dhātrā yathārthavat sṛṣṭe dharme yaḥ puruṣaḥ sthitaḥ,
saḥ sarveṣām āśramāṇām anuttamam phalam prāpnoti
20. That person (puruṣa) who is established in the natural law (dharma), which was properly created by the Creator, attains the unsurpassed fruit of all the stages of life (āśramas).
यस्मिन्न नश्यन्ति गुणाः कौन्तेय पुरुषे सदा ।
आश्रमस्थं तमप्याहुर्नरश्रेष्ठं युधिष्ठिर ॥२१॥
21. yasminna naśyanti guṇāḥ kaunteya puruṣe sadā ,
āśramasthaṁ tamapyāhurnaraśreṣṭhaṁ yudhiṣṭhira.
21. yasmin na naśyanti guṇāḥ kaunteya puruṣe sadā
āśramastham tam api āhuḥ naraśreṣṭham yudhiṣṭhira
21. kaunteya yudhiṣṭhira yasmin puruṣe guṇāḥ sadā na naśyanti,
tam āśramastham api naraśreṣṭham āhuḥ
21. O son of Kunti, O Yudhiṣṭhira, the person (puruṣa) in whom qualities (guṇa) never perish, him they also declare to be the best among men, even if he dwells in an āśrama (stage of life).
स्थानमानं वयोमानं कुलमानं तथैव च ।
कुर्वन्वसति सर्वेषु ह्याश्रमेषु युधिष्ठिर ॥२२॥
22. sthānamānaṁ vayomānaṁ kulamānaṁ tathaiva ca ,
kurvanvasati sarveṣu hyāśrameṣu yudhiṣṭhira.
22. sthānamānam vayaḥ mānam kulamānam tathā eva ca
kurvan vasati sarveṣu hi āśrameṣu yudhiṣṭhira
22. yudhiṣṭhira sthānamānam vayaḥ mānam tathā eva
ca kulamānam kurvan hi sarveṣu āśrameṣu vasati
22. O Yudhiṣṭhira, the one who shows respect for status, respect for age, and similarly, respect for family lineage, indeed lives (as if) in all the stages of life (āśramas) by doing so.
देशधर्मांश्च कौन्तेय कुलधर्मांस्तथैव च ।
पालयन्पुरुषव्याघ्र राजा सर्वाश्रमी भवेत् ॥२३॥
23. deśadharmāṁśca kaunteya kuladharmāṁstathaiva ca ,
pālayanpuruṣavyāghra rājā sarvāśramī bhavet.
23. deśa-dharmān ca kaunteya kula-dharmān tathā eva ca
pālayan puruṣa-vyāghra rājā sarva-āśramī bhavet
23. kaunteya puruṣa-vyāghra rājā deśa-dharmān ca tathā
eva ca kula-dharmān pālayan sarva-āśramī bhavet
23. O son of Kunti (Kaunteya), O tiger among men (puruṣa-vyāghra), a king, by preserving the natural laws (dharma) of the land and likewise the natural laws (dharma) of the family, should become one who upholds all stages of life (āśrama).
काले विभूतिं भूतानामुपहारांस्तथैव च ।
अर्हयन्पुरुषव्याघ्र साधूनामाश्रमे वसेत् ॥२४॥
24. kāle vibhūtiṁ bhūtānāmupahārāṁstathaiva ca ,
arhayanpuruṣavyāghra sādhūnāmāśrame vaset.
24. kāle vibhūtim bhūtānām upahārān tathā eva ca
arhayat puruṣa-vyāghra sādhūnām āśrame vaset
24. puruṣa-vyāghra rājā kāle bhūtānām vibhūtim tathā
eva ca upahārān arhayat sādhūnām āśrame vaset
24. O tiger among men (puruṣa-vyāghra), a king, by duly honoring the prosperity and also the offerings of living beings, should reside in the hermitage (āśrama) of the sages.
दशधर्मगतश्चापि यो धर्मं प्रत्यवेक्षते ।
सर्वलोकस्य कौन्तेय राजा भवति सोऽऽश्रमी ॥२५॥
25. daśadharmagataścāpi yo dharmaṁ pratyavekṣate ,
sarvalokasya kaunteya rājā bhavati so''śramī.
25. daśa-dharma-gataḥ ca api yaḥ dharmam pratyavekṣate
| sarva-lokasya kaunteya rājā bhavati saḥ āśramī
25. kaunteya yaḥ rājā daśa-dharma-gataḥ ca api
sarva-lokasya dharmam pratyavekṣate saḥ āśramī bhavati
25. O son of Kunti (Kaunteya), a king who has embraced the ten-fold natural law (dharma) and diligently oversees the natural law (dharma) for all people, he indeed becomes one who upholds all stages of life (āśramī).
ये धर्मकुशला लोके धर्मं कुर्वन्ति साधवः ।
पालिता यस्य विषये पादोंऽशस्तस्य भूपतेः ॥२६॥
26. ye dharmakuśalā loke dharmaṁ kurvanti sādhavaḥ ,
pālitā yasya viṣaye pādoṁ'śastasya bhūpateḥ.
26. ye dharma-kuśalā loke dharmam kurvanti sādhavaḥ
| pālitā yasya viṣaye pādaḥ aṃśaḥ tasya bhūpateḥ
26. loke ye sādhavaḥ dharma-kuśalāḥ dharmam kurvanti,
yasya viṣaye pālitāḥ (santi),
tasya bhūpateḥ pādaḥ aṃśaḥ (bhavati)
26. Those virtuous individuals (sādhavaḥ) in the world who diligently follow the natural law (dharma) - if they are protected in a king's domain - then a fourth share of the merit (dharma) accrues to that ruler (bhūpateḥ).
धर्मारामान्धर्मपरान्ये न रक्षन्ति मानवान् ।
पार्थिवाः पुरुषव्याघ्र तेषां पापं हरन्ति ते ॥२७॥
27. dharmārāmāndharmaparānye na rakṣanti mānavān ,
pārthivāḥ puruṣavyāghra teṣāṁ pāpaṁ haranti te.
27. dharmārāmān dharma parān ye na rakṣanti mānavān
pārthivāḥ puruṣavyāghra teṣāṁ pāpaṁ haranti te
27. puruṣavyāghra ye pārthivāḥ dharmārāmān dharma
parān mānavān na rakṣanti te teṣāṁ pāpaṁ haranti
27. O tiger among men, those rulers who do not protect humans who are devoted to natural law (dharma) and find their joy in it, they (the rulers) incur the sin of those (unprotected people).
ये च रक्षासहायाः स्युः पार्थिवानां युधिष्ठिर ।
ते चैवांशहराः सर्वे धर्मे परकृतेऽनघ ॥२८॥
28. ye ca rakṣāsahāyāḥ syuḥ pārthivānāṁ yudhiṣṭhira ,
te caivāṁśaharāḥ sarve dharme parakṛte'nagha.
28. ye ca rakṣā-sahāyāḥ syuḥ pārthivānāṁ yudhiṣṭhira
te ca eva aṁśaharāḥ sarve dharme parakṛte anagha
28. yudhiṣṭhira anagha ye ca pārthivānāṁ rakṣā-sahāyāḥ
syuḥ te ca eva sarve parakṛte dharme aṁśaharāḥ
28. O Yudhiṣṭhira, O sinless one, those who also assist kings in protection, they all indeed become sharers in the (consequences of) natural law (dharma) when it is neglected by others.
सर्वाश्रमपदे ह्याहुर्गार्हस्थ्यं दीप्तनिर्णयम् ।
पावनं पुरुषव्याघ्र यं वयं पर्युपास्महे ॥२९॥
29. sarvāśramapade hyāhurgārhasthyaṁ dīptanirṇayam ,
pāvanaṁ puruṣavyāghra yaṁ vayaṁ paryupāsmahe.
29. sarva-āśrama-pade hi āhuḥ gārhasthyaṁ dīpta-nirṇayam
pāvanam puruṣavyāghra yam vayam paryupāsmahe
29. puruṣavyāghra hi te sarva-āśrama-pade dīpta-nirṇayam
pāvanam gārhasthyaṁ āhuḥ yam vayam paryupāsmahe
29. O tiger among men, they indeed declare that among all the stages of life (āśrama), the householder's life (gārhasthya) is brilliantly resolved and purifying, and it is this (householder's life) that we ourselves diligently follow.
आत्मोपमस्तु भूतेषु यो वै भवति मानवः ।
न्यस्तदण्डो जितक्रोधः स प्रेत्य लभते सुखम् ॥३०॥
30. ātmopamastu bhūteṣu yo vai bhavati mānavaḥ ,
nyastadaṇḍo jitakrodhaḥ sa pretya labhate sukham.
30. ātma-upamaḥ tu bhūteṣu yaḥ vai bhavati mānavaḥ
nyasta-daṇḍaḥ jita-krodhaḥ sa pretya labhate sukham
30. yaḥ mānavaḥ tu vai bhūteṣu ātma-upamaḥ bhavati
nyasta-daṇḍaḥ jita-krodhaḥ sa pretya sukham labhate
30. Indeed, the human being who regards all creatures as equal to their own self (ātman), who has laid down the rod of punishment, and who has conquered anger, he attains happiness after death.
धर्मोत्थिता सत्त्ववीर्या धर्मसेतुवटाकरा ।
त्यागवाताध्वगा शीघ्रा नौस्त्वा संतारयिष्यति ॥३१॥
31. dharmotthitā sattvavīryā dharmasetuvaṭākarā ,
tyāgavātādhvagā śīghrā naustvā saṁtārayiṣyati.
31. dharma utthitā sattvavīryā dharmasetuvaṭākarā
tyāgavātādhvagā śīghrā nauḥ tvā saṃtārayiṣyati
31. nauḥ dharma utthitā sattvavīryā dharmasetuvaṭākarā
tyāgavātādhvagā śīghrā tvā saṃtārayiṣyati
31. A boat, sprung from righteousness (dharma), endowed with the strength of goodness, serving as a bridge of (dharma) and a fount of stability, swiftly moving by the wind of renunciation (tyāga), will carry you across.
यदा निवृत्तः सर्वस्मात्कामो योऽस्य हृदि स्थितः ।
तदा भवति सत्त्वस्थस्ततो ब्रह्म समश्नुते ॥३२॥
32. yadā nivṛttaḥ sarvasmātkāmo yo'sya hṛdi sthitaḥ ,
tadā bhavati sattvasthastato brahma samaśnute.
32. yadā nivṛttaḥ sarvasmāt kāmaḥ yaḥ asya hṛdi sthitaḥ
tadā bhavati sattvasthaḥ tataḥ brahma samaśnute
32. yadā asya hṛdi sthitaḥ yaḥ kāmaḥ sarvasmāt nivṛttaḥ
tadā sattvasthaḥ bhavati tataḥ brahma samaśnute
32. When the desire which is situated in his heart has ceased from all (objects), then he becomes established in goodness (sattva); thereupon, he attains (brahman) (the Absolute Reality).
सुप्रसन्नस्तु भावेन योगेन च नराधिप ।
धर्मं पुरुषशार्दूल प्राप्स्यसे पालने रतः ॥३३॥
33. suprasannastu bhāvena yogena ca narādhipa ,
dharmaṁ puruṣaśārdūla prāpsyase pālane rataḥ.
33. suprasannaḥ tu bhāvena yogena ca narādhipa
dharmam puruṣaśārdūla prāpsyase pālane rataḥ
33. narādhipa puruṣaśārdūla tu suprasannaḥ bhāvena
ca yogena pālane rataḥ dharmam prāpsyase
33. By a very serene disposition and by (yoga) (discipline), O King (narādhipa), O tiger among men (puruṣaśārdūla), you will indeed attain (dharma) (natural law), being intent on its protection.
वेदाध्ययनशीलानां विप्राणां साधुकर्मणाम् ।
पालने यत्नमातिष्ठ सर्वलोकस्य चानघ ॥३४॥
34. vedādhyayanaśīlānāṁ viprāṇāṁ sādhukarmaṇām ,
pālane yatnamātiṣṭha sarvalokasya cānagha.
34. vedādhyayanaśīlānām viprāṇām sādhukarmaṇām
pālane yatnam ātiṣṭha sarvalokasya ca anagha
34. anagha vedādhyayanaśīlānām viprāṇām sādhukarmaṇām
ca sarvalokasya pālane yatnam ātiṣṭha
34. O sinless one (anagha), apply effort in the protection of Brahmins (viprā) who are dedicated to Vedic study and perform righteous actions, and also for the protection of all people.
वने चरति यो धर्ममाश्रमेषु च भारत ।
रक्षया तच्छतगुणं धर्मं प्राप्नोति पार्थिवः ॥३५॥
35. vane carati yo dharmamāśrameṣu ca bhārata ,
rakṣayā tacchataguṇaṁ dharmaṁ prāpnoti pārthivaḥ.
35. vane carati yaḥ dharmam āśrameṣu ca bhārata
rakṣayā tat śataguṇam dharmam prāpnoti pārthivaḥ
35. bhārata yaḥ pārthivaḥ vane ca āśrameṣu dharmam
carati rakṣayā tat dharmam śataguṇam prāpnoti
35. O Bhārata, the king (pārthivaḥ) who upholds his intrinsic nature (dharma) by dwelling in forests and hermitages (āśramas) attains a hundredfold the reward of that (dharma) through his protection.
एष ते विविधो धर्मः पाण्डवश्रेष्ठ कीर्तितः ।
अनुतिष्ठ त्वमेनं वै पूर्वैर्दृष्टं सनातनम् ॥३६॥
36. eṣa te vividho dharmaḥ pāṇḍavaśreṣṭha kīrtitaḥ ,
anutiṣṭha tvamenaṁ vai pūrvairdṛṣṭaṁ sanātanam.
36. eṣaḥ te vividhaḥ dharmaḥ pāṇḍavaśreṣṭha kīrtitaḥ
anutiṣṭha tvam enam vai pūrvaiḥ dṛṣṭam sanātanam
36. pāṇḍavaśreṣṭha te eṣaḥ vividhaḥ dharmaḥ kīrtitaḥ
tvam vai pūrvaiḥ dṛṣṭam sanātanam enam anutiṣṭha
36. O best among the Pāṇḍavas, this multifaceted intrinsic nature (dharma) has been proclaimed to you. You must indeed follow this eternal (sanātanam) path, which was observed by the ancients.
चातुराश्रम्यमेकाग्रः चातुर्वर्ण्यं च पाण्डव ।
धर्मं पुरुषशार्दूल प्राप्स्यसे पालने रतः ॥३७॥
37. cāturāśramyamekāgraḥ cāturvarṇyaṁ ca pāṇḍava ,
dharmaṁ puruṣaśārdūla prāpsyase pālane rataḥ.
37. cāturāśramyam ekāgraḥ cāturvarṇyam ca pāṇḍava
dharmam puruṣaśārdūla prāpsyase pālane rataḥ
37. pāṇḍava puruṣaśārdūla ekāgraḥ pālane rataḥ (tvam)
cāturāśramyam ca cāturvarṇyam (ca) dharmam prāpshyase
37. O Pāṇḍava, O tiger among men, you will attain your full intrinsic nature (dharma) by being single-mindedly (ekāgraḥ) devoted (rataḥ) to upholding (pālane) both the system of four stages of life (āśramas) and the system of four social orders (varṇas).