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महाभारतः       mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-20

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वैशंपायन उवाच ।
तस्मिन्वाक्यान्तरे वक्ता देवस्थानो महातपाः ।
अभिनीततरं वाक्यमित्युवाच युधिष्ठिरम् ॥१॥
1. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
tasminvākyāntare vaktā devasthāno mahātapāḥ ,
abhinītataraṁ vākyamityuvāca yudhiṣṭhiram.
1. vaiśaṃpāyanaḥ uvāca tasmin vākyāntare vaktā devasthānaḥ
mahātapaḥ abhinītataraṃ vākyam iti uvāca yudhiṣṭhiram
1. vaiśaṃpāyanaḥ uvāca tasmin vākyāntare vaktā devasthānaḥ
mahātapaḥ yuḍhiṣṭhiram abhinītataraṃ vākyam iti uvāca
1. Vaiśampāyana said: At that juncture in the discourse, Devathāna, a speaker of great spiritual discipline (tapas), addressed Yudhiṣṭhira with an exceedingly profound statement.
यद्वचः फल्गुनेनोक्तं न ज्यायोऽस्ति धनादिति ।
अत्र ते वर्तयिष्यामि तदेकाग्रमनाः शृणु ॥२॥
2. yadvacaḥ phalgunenoktaṁ na jyāyo'sti dhanāditi ,
atra te vartayiṣyāmi tadekāgramanāḥ śṛṇu.
2. yat vacaḥ phalgunena uktam na jyāyaḥ asti dhanāt
iti atra te vartayiṣyāmi tat ekāgramanāḥ śṛṇu
2. atra te tat vartayiṣyāmi yat vacaḥ phalgunena uktam (yat) na dhanāt jyāyaḥ asti iti,
[tena tvam] ekāgramanāḥ śṛṇu
2. Regarding what Arjuna stated—'There is nothing superior to wealth'—I will now explain this matter to you. Listen with a focused mind.
अजातशत्रो धर्मेण कृत्स्ना ते वसुधा जिता ।
तां जित्वा न वृथा राजंस्त्वं परित्यक्तुमर्हसि ॥३॥
3. ajātaśatro dharmeṇa kṛtsnā te vasudhā jitā ,
tāṁ jitvā na vṛthā rājaṁstvaṁ parityaktumarhasi.
3. ajātaśatro dharmeṇa kṛtsnā te vasudhā jitā tām
jitvā na vṛthā rājan tvam parityaktum arhasi
3. ajātaśatro rājan te dharmeṇa kṛtsnā vasudhā
jitā tām jitvā tvam vṛthā na parityaktum arhasi
3. O Ajātaśatru (Yudhiṣṭhira), the entire earth has been conquered by you through adherence to natural law (dharma). Having won it, O King, you should not abandon it senselessly.
चतुष्पदी हि निःश्रेणी कर्मण्येषा प्रतिष्ठिता ।
तां क्रमेण महाबाहो यथावज्जय पार्थिव ॥४॥
4. catuṣpadī hi niḥśreṇī karmaṇyeṣā pratiṣṭhitā ,
tāṁ krameṇa mahābāho yathāvajjaya pārthiva.
4. catuṣpadī hi niḥśreṇī karmaṇi eṣā pratiṣṭhitā
tām krameṇa mahābāho yathāvat jaya pārthiva
4. mahābāho pārthiva eṣā catuṣpadī niḥśreṇī
karmaṇi hi pratiṣṭhitā tām krameṇa yathāvat jaya
4. This four-staged ladder (niḥśreṇī) is indeed established in action (karma). O mighty-armed one, O king, ascend it properly, step by step.
तस्मात्पार्थ महायज्ञैर्यजस्व बहुदक्षिणैः ।
स्वाध्याययज्ञा ऋषयो ज्ञानयज्ञास्तथापरे ॥५॥
5. tasmātpārtha mahāyajñairyajasva bahudakṣiṇaiḥ ,
svādhyāyayajñā ṛṣayo jñānayajñāstathāpare.
5. tasmāt pārtha mahāyajñaiḥ yajasva bahudakṣiṇaiḥ
| svādhyāyayajñāḥ ṛṣayaḥ jñānayajñāḥ tathā apare
5. pārtha tasmāt bahudakṣiṇaiḥ mahāyajñaiḥ yajasva ṛṣayaḥ svādhyāyayajñāḥ,
tathā apare jñānayajñāḥ
5. Therefore, O Pārtha, perform great Vedic rituals (yajña) that involve numerous offerings. Some sages engage in Vedic rituals (yajña) through self-study (svādhyāya), while others perform Vedic rituals (yajña) through the pursuit of knowledge.
कर्मनिष्ठांस्तु बुध्येथास्तपोनिष्ठांश्च भारत ।
वैखानसानां राजेन्द्र वचनं श्रूयते यथा ॥६॥
6. karmaniṣṭhāṁstu budhyethāstaponiṣṭhāṁśca bhārata ,
vaikhānasānāṁ rājendra vacanaṁ śrūyate yathā.
6. karmaniṣṭhān tu budhyethāḥ taponiṣṭhān ca bhārata
vaikhānasānām rājendra vacanam śrūyate yathā
6. bhārata rājendra tu karmaniṣṭhān ca taponiṣṭhān
ca budhyethāḥ yathā vaikhānasānām vacanam śrūyate
6. But, O Bhārata, you should understand those who are steadfast in action (karma) and those who are steadfast in austerity (tapas). O king of kings, it is heard just as the teaching of the Vaikhānasa ascetics (āśrama) states.
ईहते धनहेतोर्यस्तस्यानीहा गरीयसी ।
भूयान्दोषः प्रवर्धेत यस्तं धनमपाश्रयेत् ॥७॥
7. īhate dhanahetoryastasyānīhā garīyasī ,
bhūyāndoṣaḥ pravardheta yastaṁ dhanamapāśrayet.
7. īhate dhanahetoḥ yaḥ tasya anīhā garīyasī bhūyān
doṣaḥ pravardheta yaḥ tam dhanam apāśrayet
7. yaḥ dhanahetoḥ īhate,
tasya anīhā garīyasī yaḥ tam dhanam apāśrayet,
bhūyān doṣaḥ pravardheta
7. For whoever strives for the sake of wealth, non-striving is superior for him. A greater fault would arise for anyone who resorts to such wealth.
कृच्छ्राच्च द्रव्यसंहारं कुर्वन्ति धनकारणात् ।
धनेन तृषितोऽबुद्ध्या भ्रूणहत्यां न बुध्यते ॥८॥
8. kṛcchrācca dravyasaṁhāraṁ kurvanti dhanakāraṇāt ,
dhanena tṛṣito'buddhyā bhrūṇahatyāṁ na budhyate.
8. kṛcchrāt ca dravya-saṃhāram kurvanti dhana-kāraṇāt
dhanena tṛṣitaḥ abuddhyā bhrūṇa-hatyām na budhyate
8. ca dhana-kāraṇāt kṛcchrāt dravya-saṃhāram kurvanti;
dhanena tṛṣitaḥ abuddhyā bhrūṇa-hatyām na budhyate
8. And people accumulate possessions with great difficulty for the sake of wealth. A person, greedy for wealth and devoid of wisdom, does not comprehend (the sin of) abortion (bhrūṇahatyā).
अनर्हते यद्ददाति न ददाति यदर्हते ।
अनर्हार्हापरिज्ञानाद्दानधर्मोऽपि दुष्करः ॥९॥
9. anarhate yaddadāti na dadāti yadarhate ,
anarhārhāparijñānāddānadharmo'pi duṣkaraḥ.
9. anarhate yat dadāti na dadāti yat arhate
anarha-arha-aparijñānāt dāna-dharmaḥ api duṣkaraḥ
9. yat anarhate dadāti,
yat arhate na dadāti,
(tasmāt) anarha-arha-aparijñānāt api dāna-dharmaḥ duṣkaraḥ.
9. When one gives to the undeserving and does not give to the deserving, then, owing to a lack of proper discernment between who is deserving and who is not, the principle of charity (dāna-dharma) itself becomes difficult to uphold.
यज्ञाय सृष्टानि धनानि धात्रा यष्टादिष्टः पुरुषो रक्षिता च ।
तस्मात्सर्वं यज्ञ एवोपयोज्यं धनं ततोऽनन्तर एव कामः ॥१०॥
10. yajñāya sṛṣṭāni dhanāni dhātrā; yaṣṭādiṣṭaḥ puruṣo rakṣitā ca ,
tasmātsarvaṁ yajña evopayojyaṁ; dhanaṁ tato'nantara eva kāmaḥ.
10. yajñāya sṛṣṭāni dhanāni dhātrā
yaṣṭā ādiṣṭaḥ puruṣaḥ rakṣitā ca
tasmāt sarvam yajñe eva upayojyam
dhanam tataḥ anantaraḥ eva kāmaḥ
10. dhātrā dhanāni yajñāya sṛṣṭāni,
ca puruṣaḥ yaṣṭā rakṣitā ādiṣṭaḥ.
tasmāt sarvam dhanam yajñe eva upayojyam; tataḥ anantaraḥ eva kāmaḥ.
10. The Creator (Dhātṛ) created wealth for the sake of sacred rituals (yajña), and the human being (puruṣa) is ordained as both the performer of these rituals and the protector (of this wealth). Therefore, all wealth should indeed be utilized in these sacred rituals (yajña); only after that comes worldly desire (kāma).
यज्ञैरिन्द्रो विविधैरन्नवद्भिर्देवान्सर्वानभ्ययान्महौजाः ।
तेनेन्द्रत्वं प्राप्य विभ्राजतेऽसौ तस्माद्यज्ञे सर्वमेवोपयोज्यम् ॥११॥
11. yajñairindro vividhairannavadbhi;rdevānsarvānabhyayānmahaujāḥ ,
tenendratvaṁ prāpya vibhrājate'sau; tasmādyajñe sarvamevopayojyam.
11. yajñaiḥ indraḥ vividhaiḥ anna-vadbhiḥ
devān sarvān abhyayāt mahā-ojāḥ
tena indratvam prāpya vibhrājate asau
tasmāt yajñe sarvam eva upayojyam
11. mahā-ojāḥ indraḥ vividhaiḥ anna-vadbhiḥ yajñaiḥ sarvān devān abhyayāt.
tena indratvam prāpya asau vibhrājate.
tasmāt sarvam eva yajñe upayojyam.
11. Indra, endowed with great power, surpassed all the gods through various sacred rituals (yajña) that included rich food offerings. Having thus attained the status of Indra, he shines forth brilliantly. Therefore, everything should indeed be utilized for sacred rituals (yajña).
महादेवः सर्वमेधे महात्मा हुत्वात्मानं देवदेवो विभूतः ।
विश्वाँल्लोकान्व्याप्य विष्टभ्य कीर्त्या विरोचते द्युतिमान्कृत्तिवासाः ॥१२॥
12. mahādevaḥ sarvamedhe mahātmā; hutvātmānaṁ devadevo vibhūtaḥ ,
viśvāँllokānvyāpya viṣṭabhya kīrtyā; virocate dyutimānkṛttivāsāḥ.
12. mahādevaḥ sarvamedhe mahātmā
hutvā ātmānaṃ devadevaḥ vibhūtaḥ
viśvān lokān vyāpya viṣṭabhya
kīrtyā virocate dyutimān kṛttivāsāḥ
12. mahātmā devadevaḥ dyutimān kṛttivāsāḥ mahādevaḥ sarvamedhe
ātmānaṃ hutvā viśvān lokān vyāpya kīrtyā viṣṭabhya virocate
12. The great-souled (mahātmā) Mahadeva, the God of gods (devadevaḥ), radiant and clad in hides (kṛttivāsāḥ), having offered his very self (ātman) in the universal sacrifice (sarvamedha), shines brilliantly, pervading all worlds and sustaining them with his glory.
आविक्षितः पार्थिवो वै मरुत्तः स्वृद्ध्या मर्त्यो योऽजयद्देवराजम् ।
यज्ञे यस्य श्रीः स्वयं संनिविष्टा यस्मिन्भाण्डं काञ्चनं सर्वमासीत् ॥१३॥
13. āvikṣitaḥ pārthivo vai maruttaḥ; svṛddhyā martyo yo'jayaddevarājam ,
yajñe yasya śrīḥ svayaṁ saṁniviṣṭā; yasminbhāṇḍaṁ kāñcanaṁ sarvamāsīt.
13. āvikṣitaḥ pārthivaḥ vai maruttaḥ
svarṛddhyā martyaḥ yaḥ ajayat devarājam
| yajñe yasya śrīḥ svayam saṃniviṣṭā
yasmin bhāṇḍam kāñcanam sarvam āsīt
13. āvikṣitaḥ pārthivaḥ vai martyaḥ maruttaḥ yaḥ svarṛddhyā devarājam ajayat yasya yajñe śrīḥ svayam saṃniviṣṭā,
yasmin bhāṇḍam sarvam kāñcanam āsīt
13. Indeed, Marutta, the mortal king, descendant of Avikṣit, conquered the king of gods (Indra) by his great prosperity. In his Vedic ritual (yajña), prosperity itself (or the goddess Śrī) was present, and all the vessels used therein were made of gold.
हरिश्चन्द्रः पार्थिवेन्द्रः श्रुतस्ते यज्ञैरिष्ट्वा पुण्यकृद्वीतशोकः ।
ऋद्ध्या शक्रं योऽजयन्मानुषः संस्तस्माद्यज्ञे सर्वमेवोपयोज्यम् ॥१४॥
14. hariścandraḥ pārthivendraḥ śrutaste; yajñairiṣṭvā puṇyakṛdvītaśokaḥ ,
ṛddhyā śakraṁ yo'jayanmānuṣaḥ saṁ;stasmādyajñe sarvamevopayojyam.
14. hariścandṛaḥ pārthivendraḥ śrutaḥ te
yajñaiḥ iṣṭvā puṇyakṛt vītaśokaḥ
| ṛddhyā śakram yaḥ ajayat mānuṣaḥ
san tasmāt yajñe sarvam eva upayojyam
14. te pārthivendraḥ hariścandraḥ śrutaḥ yaḥ mānuṣaḥ san yajñaiḥ iṣṭvā puṇyakṛt vītaśokaḥ ṛddhyā śakram ajayat,
tasmāt yajñe sarvam eva upayojyam
14. You have surely heard of King Hariścandra, the foremost among rulers. Having performed Vedic rituals (yajña), he became virtuous and free from sorrow. Though merely human, he conquered Indra by his great prosperity. Therefore, everything should indeed be dedicated to the Vedic ritual (yajña).