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महाभारतः       mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-98

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भीष्म उवाच ।
जामदग्न्येन रामेण पितुर्वधममृष्यता ।
क्रुद्धेन च महाभागे हैहयाधिपतिर्हतः ।
शतानि दश बाहूनां निकृत्तान्यर्जुनस्य वै ॥१॥
1. bhīṣma uvāca ,
jāmadagnyena rāmeṇa piturvadhamamṛṣyatā ,
kruddhena ca mahābhāge haihayādhipatirhataḥ ,
śatāni daśa bāhūnāṁ nikṛttānyarjunasya vai.
1. bhīṣma uvāca jāmadagnyena rāmeṇa
pituḥ vadham amṛṣyatā kruddhena ca
mahābhāge haihayādhipatiḥ hataḥ śatāni
daśa bāhūnām nikṛttāni arjunasya vai
1. Bhishma said: 'O highly fortunate one, by Rama, the son of Jamadagni, who could not tolerate his father's murder and was enraged, the lord of the Haihayas was killed. Indeed, a thousand of Arjuna's arms were cut off.'
पुनश्च धनुरादाय महास्त्राणि प्रमुञ्चता ।
निर्दग्धं क्षत्रमसकृद्रथेन जयता महीम् ॥२॥
2. punaśca dhanurādāya mahāstrāṇi pramuñcatā ,
nirdagdhaṁ kṣatramasakṛdrathena jayatā mahīm.
2. punaḥ ca dhanuḥ ādāya mahāstrāṇi pramuñcatā
nirdagdham kṣatram asakṛt rathena jayatā mahīm
2. And again, repeatedly, having taken up his bow and discharging mighty weapons, he annihilated the warrior (Kshatriya) class; and with his conquering chariot, he subjugated the earth.
एवमुच्चावचैरस्त्रैर्भार्गवेण महात्मना ।
त्रिःसप्तकृत्वः पृथिवी कृता निःक्षत्रिया पुरा ॥३॥
3. evamuccāvacairastrairbhārgaveṇa mahātmanā ,
triḥsaptakṛtvaḥ pṛthivī kṛtā niḥkṣatriyā purā.
3. evam uccāvacaiḥ astraiḥ bhārgaveṇa mahātmanā
triḥsaptakṛtvaḥ pṛthivī kṛtā niḥkṣatriyā purā
3. Thus, in ancient times, the great-souled Bhargava (Parashurama), using various weapons, made the earth devoid of kṣatriyas twenty-one times.
ततः संभूय सर्वाभिः क्षत्रियाभिः समन्ततः ।
उत्पादितान्यपत्यानि ब्राह्मणैर्नियतात्मभिः ॥४॥
4. tataḥ saṁbhūya sarvābhiḥ kṣatriyābhiḥ samantataḥ ,
utpāditānyapatyāni brāhmaṇairniyatātmabhiḥ.
4. tataḥ saṃbhūya sarvābhiḥ kṣatriyābhiḥ samantataḥ
utpāditāni apatyāni brāhmaṇaiḥ niyatātmabhiḥ
4. Then, all the kṣatriya women, having united from all sides, begot offspring with brahmins (brāhmaṇas) who had controlled their selves (ātman).
पाणिग्राहस्य तनय इति वेदेषु निश्चितम् ।
धर्मं मनसि संस्थाप्य ब्राह्मणांस्ताः समभ्ययुः ।
लोकेऽप्याचरितो दृष्टः क्षत्रियाणां पुनर्भवः ॥५॥
5. pāṇigrāhasya tanaya iti vedeṣu niścitam ,
dharmaṁ manasi saṁsthāpya brāhmaṇāṁstāḥ samabhyayuḥ ,
loke'pyācarito dṛṣṭaḥ kṣatriyāṇāṁ punarbhavaḥ.
5. pāṇigrāhasya tanayaḥ iti vedeṣu
niścitam dharmam manasi saṃsthāpya
brāhmaṇān tāḥ samabhyayuḥ loke api
ācaritaḥ dṛṣṭaḥ kṣatriyāṇām punarbhavaḥ
5. It is established in the Vedas that the son of the hand-taker (husband) is [the rightful heir]. Having established this natural law (dharma) in their minds, those [kṣatriya women] approached the brahmins (brāhmaṇas). And in the world, the renewal (punarbhava) of the kṣatriyas is also observed.
अथोतथ्य इति ख्यात आसीद्धीमानृषिः पुरा ।
ममता नाम तस्यासीद्भार्या परमसंमता ॥६॥
6. athotathya iti khyāta āsīddhīmānṛṣiḥ purā ,
mamatā nāma tasyāsīdbhāryā paramasaṁmatā.
6. atha utathya iti khyātaḥ āsīt dhīmān ṛṣiḥ purā
mamatā nāma tasya āsīt bhāryā paramasaṃmatā
6. Now, there was once a wise sage known as Utathya. His wife was Mamata, who was highly regarded.
उतथ्यस्य यवीयांस्तु पुरोधास्त्रिदिवौकसाम् ।
बृहस्पतिर्बृहत्तेजा ममतां सोऽन्वपद्यत ॥७॥
7. utathyasya yavīyāṁstu purodhāstridivaukasām ,
bṛhaspatirbṛhattejā mamatāṁ so'nvapadyata.
7. utathyasya yavīyān tu purodhāḥ tridivaukasām
bṛhaspatiḥ bṛhattejāḥ mamatām saḥ anvapadyata
7. Utathya's younger brother, Bṛhaspati, the chief priest (purodhās) of the gods (tridivaukasām), who possessed great splendor, then approached Mamata.
उवाच ममता तं तु देवरं वदतां वरम् ।
अन्तर्वत्नी अहं भ्रात्रा ज्येष्ठेनारम्यतामिति ॥८॥
8. uvāca mamatā taṁ tu devaraṁ vadatāṁ varam ,
antarvatnī ahaṁ bhrātrā jyeṣṭhenāramyatāmiti.
8. uvāca mamatā tam tu devaram vadatām varam
antarvatnī aham bhrātrā jyeṣṭhena āramyatām iti
8. Mamata then said to him, her brother-in-law (devara) and the foremost among speakers: 'I am pregnant (antarvatnī) by my elder brother-in-law. Please, desist!'
अयं च मे महाभाग कुक्षावेव बृहस्पते ।
औतथ्यो वेदमत्रैव षडङ्गं प्रत्यधीयत ॥९॥
9. ayaṁ ca me mahābhāga kukṣāveva bṛhaspate ,
autathyo vedamatraiva ṣaḍaṅgaṁ pratyadhīyata.
9. ayam ca me mahābhāga kukṣau eva bṛhaspate
autathyaḥ vedam atra eva ṣaḍaṅgam pratyadhīyata
9. And this child (ayam) of mine, O highly esteemed (mahābhāga) Bṛhaspati, is right here within my womb. My son, Autathya, is studying the Veda along with its six ancillary branches (ṣaḍaṅga) right within it.
अमोघरेतास्त्वं चापि नूनं भवितुमर्हसि ।
तस्मादेवंगतेऽद्य त्वमुपारमितुमर्हसि ॥१०॥
10. amogharetāstvaṁ cāpi nūnaṁ bhavitumarhasi ,
tasmādevaṁgate'dya tvamupāramitumarhasi.
10. amogharetāḥ tvam ca api nūnam bhavitum arhasi
tasmāt evaṃgate adya tvam upāramitum arhasi
10. And you, too, are surely one whose creative energy (retas) is infallible (amogha). Therefore, given the current situation (evaṃgate), you ought to desist now.
एवमुक्तस्तया सम्यग्बृहत्तेजा बृहस्पतिः ।
कामात्मानं तदात्मानं न शशाक नियच्छितुम् ॥११॥
11. evamuktastayā samyagbṛhattejā bṛhaspatiḥ ,
kāmātmānaṁ tadātmānaṁ na śaśāka niyacchitum.
11. evam uktaḥ tayā samyak bṛhattejāḥ bṛhaspatiḥ
kāmātmānam tadā ātmānam na śaśāka niyacchitum
11. Thus properly addressed by her, Bṛhaspati, who possessed great spiritual radiance (bṛhattejāḥ), was then unable to control his own self (ātman), which was completely engrossed in desire (kāma).
संबभूव ततः कामी तया सार्धमकामया ।
उत्सृजन्तं तु तं रेतः स गर्भस्थोऽभ्यभाषत ॥१२॥
12. saṁbabhūva tataḥ kāmī tayā sārdhamakāmayā ,
utsṛjantaṁ tu taṁ retaḥ sa garbhastho'bhyabhāṣata.
12. saṃbabhūva tataḥ kāmī tayā sārdham akāmayā
utsṛjantam tu tam retaḥ sa garbhasthaḥ abhyabhāṣata
12. Then, being filled with desire, he united with her who was unwilling. But as he was releasing his semen, the one residing in the womb addressed him.
भोस्तात कन्यस वदे द्वयोर्नास्त्यत्र संभवः ।
अमोघशुक्रश्च भवान्पूर्वं चाहमिहागतः ॥१३॥
13. bhostāta kanyasa vade dvayornāstyatra saṁbhavaḥ ,
amoghaśukraśca bhavānpūrvaṁ cāhamihāgataḥ.
13. bhoḥ tāta kanyasa vade dvayoḥ na asti atra saṃbhavaḥ
amoghaśukraḥ ca bhavān pūrvam ca aham iha āgataḥ
13. O father, O younger one, I declare: there is no room for two here. Your vital fluid (śukra) is unfailing, and I arrived here first.
शशाप तं ततः क्रुद्ध एवमुक्तो बृहस्पतिः ।
उतथ्यपुत्रं गर्भस्थं निर्भर्त्स्य भगवानृषिः ॥१४॥
14. śaśāpa taṁ tataḥ kruddha evamukto bṛhaspatiḥ ,
utathyaputraṁ garbhasthaṁ nirbhartsya bhagavānṛṣiḥ.
14. śaśāpa tam tataḥ kruddhaḥ evam uktaḥ bṛhaspatiḥ
utathyaputram garbhastham nirbhartsya bhagavān ṛṣiḥ
14. Then, the venerable sage Bṛhaspati, enraged upon being thus addressed, cursed him. He did so after rebuking Utathya's son, who was still within the womb.
यस्मात्त्वमीदृशे काले सर्वभूतेप्सिते सति ।
एवमात्थ वचस्तस्मात्तमो दीर्घं प्रवेक्ष्यसि ॥१५॥
15. yasmāttvamīdṛśe kāle sarvabhūtepsite sati ,
evamāttha vacastasmāttamo dīrghaṁ pravekṣyasi.
15. yasmāt tvam īdṛśe kāle sarvabhūtepsite sati evam
āttha vacaḥ tasmāt tamaḥ dīrgham pravekṣyasi
15. Since you speak such words at a time desired by all beings, you will therefore enter into deep darkness.
स वै दीर्घतमा नाम शापादृषिरजायत ।
बृहस्पतेर्बृहत्कीर्तेर्बृहस्पतिरिवौजसा ॥१६॥
16. sa vai dīrghatamā nāma śāpādṛṣirajāyata ,
bṛhaspaterbṛhatkīrterbṛhaspatirivaujasā.
16. saḥ vai dīrghatamā nāma śāpāt ṛṣiḥ ajāyata
bṛhaspateḥ bṛhatkīrteḥ bṛhaspatiḥ iva ojasā
16. Indeed, he was born a sage named Dīrghatamā due to a curse. He was like Bṛhaspati, of great fame, in his power.
स पुत्राञ्जनयामास गौतमादीन्महायशाः ।
ऋषेरुतथ्यस्य तदा संतानकुलवृद्धये ॥१७॥
17. sa putrāñjanayāmāsa gautamādīnmahāyaśāḥ ,
ṛṣerutathyasya tadā saṁtānakulavṛddhaye.
17. saḥ putrān janayāmāsa gautamādīn mahāyaśāḥ
ṛṣeḥ utathyasya tadā saṃtānakulavṛddhaye
17. Then, that greatly renowned sage begot sons, Gauthama and others, for the expansion of the family lineage of the sage Utathya.
लोभमोहाभिभूतास्ते पुत्रास्तं गौतमादयः ।
काष्ठे समुद्गे प्रक्षिप्य गङ्गायां समवासृजन् ॥१८॥
18. lobhamohābhibhūtāste putrāstaṁ gautamādayaḥ ,
kāṣṭhe samudge prakṣipya gaṅgāyāṁ samavāsṛjan.
18. lobhamohābhibhūtāḥ te putrāḥ tam gautamādayaḥ
kāṣṭhe samudge prakṣipya gaṅgāyām samavāsṛjan
18. Overcome by greed and delusion, those sons, led by Gautama, placed him in a wooden box and abandoned him in the Ganga river.
न स्यादन्धश्च वृद्धश्च भर्तव्योऽयमिति स्म ते ।
चिन्तयित्वा ततः क्रूराः प्रतिजग्मुरथो गृहान् ॥१९॥
19. na syādandhaśca vṛddhaśca bhartavyo'yamiti sma te ,
cintayitvā tataḥ krūrāḥ pratijagmuratho gṛhān.
19. na syāt andhaḥ ca vṛddhaḥ ca bhartavyaḥ ayam iti sma
te cintayitvā tataḥ krūrāḥ pratijagmuḥ atho gṛhān
19. Thinking, "He should not be blind and old and a burden to be maintained," those cruel sons then returned to their homes.
सोऽनुस्रोतस्तदा राजन्प्लवमान ऋषिस्ततः ।
जगाम सुबहून्देशानन्धस्तेनोडुपेन ह ॥२०॥
20. so'nusrotastadā rājanplavamāna ṛṣistataḥ ,
jagāma subahūndeśānandhastenoḍupena ha.
20. saḥ anusrotas tadā rājan plavamānaḥ ṛṣiḥ tataḥ
jagāma subahūn deśān andhaḥ tena oḍupena ha
20. O King, then that blind sage, drifting along with the current on that raft (oḍupa), indeed traveled to many lands.
तं तु राजा बलिर्नाम सर्वधर्मविशारदः ।
अपश्यन्मज्जनगतः स्रोतसाभ्याशमागतम् ॥२१॥
21. taṁ tu rājā balirnāma sarvadharmaviśāradaḥ ,
apaśyanmajjanagataḥ srotasābhyāśamāgatam.
21. tam tu rājā baliḥ nāma sarvadharma-viśāradaḥ
apaśyat majjanagataḥ srotasā abhyāśam āgatam
21. King Bali, an expert in all laws (dharma), saw him as he was carried near by the current while Bali himself was bathing.
जग्राह चैनं धर्मात्मा बलिः सत्यपराक्रमः ।
ज्ञात्वा चैनं स वव्रेऽथ पुत्रार्थं मनुजर्षभ ॥२२॥
22. jagrāha cainaṁ dharmātmā baliḥ satyaparākramaḥ ,
jñātvā cainaṁ sa vavre'tha putrārthaṁ manujarṣabha.
22. jagrāha ca enam dharmātmā baliḥ satyaparākramaḥ
jñātvā ca enam sa vavre atha putrārtham manujarṣabha
22. And the virtuous-souled (dharmātmā) Bali, truly mighty, seized him. Then, understanding who he was, he (Bali) chose him for a son, O best of men.
संतानार्थं महाभाग भार्यासु मम मानद ।
पुत्रान्धर्मार्थकुशलानुत्पादयितुमर्हसि ॥२३॥
23. saṁtānārthaṁ mahābhāga bhāryāsu mama mānada ,
putrāndharmārthakuśalānutpādayitumarhasi.
23. saṃtānārtham mahābhāga bhāryāsu mama mānada
putrān dharmārthakuśalān utpādayitum arhasi
23. O great-souled one, O giver of honor, you should beget sons, skilled in righteousness (dharma) and prosperity (artha), in my wives, for the continuation of my lineage (saṃtāna).
एवमुक्तः स तेजस्वी तं तथेत्युक्तवानृषिः ।
तस्मै स राजा स्वां भार्यां सुदेष्णां प्राहिणोत्तदा ॥२४॥
24. evamuktaḥ sa tejasvī taṁ tathetyuktavānṛṣiḥ ,
tasmai sa rājā svāṁ bhāryāṁ sudeṣṇāṁ prāhiṇottadā.
24. evam uktaḥ sa tejasvī tam tathā iti uktavān ṛṣiḥ
tasmai sa rājā svām bhāryām sudeṣṇām prāhiṇot tadā
24. Having thus been addressed, that glorious sage said, "So be it" to him (the king). Then, that king sent his own wife, Sudesṇā, to the sage.
अन्धं वृद्धं च तं मत्वा न सा देवी जगाम ह ।
स्वां तु धात्रेयिकां तस्मै वृद्धाय प्राहिणोत्तदा ॥२५॥
25. andhaṁ vṛddhaṁ ca taṁ matvā na sā devī jagāma ha ,
svāṁ tu dhātreyikāṁ tasmai vṛddhāya prāhiṇottadā.
25. andham vṛddham ca tam matvā na sā devī jagāma ha
svām tu dhātreyikām tasmai vṛddhāya prāhiṇot tadā
25. And considering him (the sage) to be blind and old, that queen indeed did not go (to him). But then she sent her own maidservant to that old man.
तस्यां काक्षीवदादीन्स शूद्रयोनावृषिर्वशी ।
जनयामास धर्मात्मा पुत्रानेकादशैव तु ॥२६॥
26. tasyāṁ kākṣīvadādīnsa śūdrayonāvṛṣirvaśī ,
janayāmāsa dharmātmā putrānekādaśaiva tu.
26. tasyām kākṣīvadādīn sa śūdrayonau ṛṣiḥ vaśī
janayāmāsa dharmātmā putrān ekādaśa eva tu
26. And in her, a woman of śūdra origin, that self-controlled and righteous (dharma) sage begot eleven sons, including Kāksīvat.
काक्षीवदादीन्पुत्रांस्तान्दृष्ट्वा सर्वानधीयतः ।
उवाच तमृषिं राजा ममैत इति वीर्यवान् ॥२७॥
27. kākṣīvadādīnputrāṁstāndṛṣṭvā sarvānadhīyataḥ ,
uvāca tamṛṣiṁ rājā mamaita iti vīryavān.
27. kākṣīvadādīn putrān tān dṛṣṭvā sarvān adhīyataḥ
uvāca tam ṛṣim rājā mama ete iti vīryavān
27. Having seen all those sons, led by Kakṣīvat, who were engaged in study, the powerful king said to that sage, "These are mine."
नेत्युवाच महर्षिस्तं ममैवैत इति ब्रुवन् ।
शूद्रयोनौ मया हीमे जाताः काक्षीवदादयः ॥२८॥
28. netyuvāca maharṣistaṁ mamaivaita iti bruvan ,
śūdrayonau mayā hīme jātāḥ kākṣīvadādayaḥ.
28. na iti uvāca maharṣiḥ tam mama eva ete iti bruvan
śūdrayonau mayā hi ime jātāḥ kākṣīvadādayaḥ
28. The great sage said to him, "No!" and, stating "These are certainly mine," explained, "Indeed, these (sons), led by Kakṣīvat, were born through me from a woman of the śūdra class."
अन्धं वृद्धं च मां मत्वा सुदेष्णा महिषी तव ।
अवमन्य ददौ मूढा शूद्रां धात्रेयिकां हि मे ॥२९॥
29. andhaṁ vṛddhaṁ ca māṁ matvā sudeṣṇā mahiṣī tava ,
avamanya dadau mūḍhā śūdrāṁ dhātreyikāṁ hi me.
29. andham vṛddham ca mām matvā sudeṣṇā mahiṣī tava
avamanya dadau mūḍhā śūdrām dhātreyikām hi me
29. Your foolish queen, Sudeshṇā, having considered me blind and old, disrespected me and indeed gave me a śūdra nursemaid.
ततः प्रसादयामास पुनस्तमृषिसत्तमम् ।
बलिः सुदेष्णां भार्यां च तस्मै तां प्राहिणोत्पुनः ॥३०॥
30. tataḥ prasādayāmāsa punastamṛṣisattamam ,
baliḥ sudeṣṇāṁ bhāryāṁ ca tasmai tāṁ prāhiṇotpunaḥ.
30. tataḥ prasādayāmāsa punaḥ tam ṛṣisattamam baliḥ
sudeṣṇām bhāryām ca tasmai tām prāhiṇot punaḥ
30. Then Bali again propitiated that best of sages, and he sent his wife Sudesṇā to him once more.
तां स दीर्घतमाङ्गेषु स्पृष्ट्वा देवीमथाब्रवीत् ।
भविष्यति कुमारस्ते तेजस्वी सत्यवागिति ॥३१॥
31. tāṁ sa dīrghatamāṅgeṣu spṛṣṭvā devīmathābravīt ,
bhaviṣyati kumāraste tejasvī satyavāgiti.
31. tām saḥ dīrghatamāṅgeṣu spṛṣṭvā devīm atha
abravīt bhaviṣyati kumāraḥ te tejasvī satyavāk iti
31. Having touched her, the queen, on her very long limbs, he then said: "You will have a son who is brilliant and truthful."
तत्राङ्गो नाम राजर्षिः सुदेष्णायामजायत ।
एवमन्ये महेष्वासा ब्राह्मणैः क्षत्रिया भुवि ॥३२॥
32. tatrāṅgo nāma rājarṣiḥ sudeṣṇāyāmajāyata ,
evamanye maheṣvāsā brāhmaṇaiḥ kṣatriyā bhuvi.
32. tatra aṅgaḥ nāma rājarṣiḥ sudeṣṇāyām ajāyata
evam anye maheṣvāsāḥ brāhmaṇaiḥ kṣatriyāḥ bhuvi
32. From Sudesṇā, a royal sage (rājarṣi) named Aṅga was born. In this way, other great archers, Kṣatriyas, were born on earth through Brahmins.
जाताः परमधर्मज्ञा वीर्यवन्तो महाबलाः ।
एतच्छ्रुत्वा त्वमप्यत्र मातः कुरु यथेप्सितम् ॥३३॥
33. jātāḥ paramadharmajñā vīryavanto mahābalāḥ ,
etacchrutvā tvamapyatra mātaḥ kuru yathepsitam.
33. jātāḥ paramadharmajñāḥ vīryavantaḥ mahābalāḥ
etat śrutvā tvam api atra mātaḥ kuru yathepsitam
33. Born as experts in the highest natural law (dharma), valorous and extremely mighty. Having heard this, mother, you too should do here what is desired.