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महाभारतः       mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-4

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युधिष्ठिर उवाच ।
शुश्रूषे तस्य धर्मज्ञ राजर्षेः परिकीर्तनम् ।
द्वैपायन मरुत्तस्य कथां प्रब्रूहि मेऽनघ ॥१॥
1. yudhiṣṭhira uvāca ,
śuśrūṣe tasya dharmajña rājarṣeḥ parikīrtanam ,
dvaipāyana maruttasya kathāṁ prabrūhi me'nagha.
1. yudhiṣṭhiraḥ uvāca śuśrūṣe tasya dharmajña rājarṣeḥ
parikīrtanam dvaipāyana maruttasya kathām prabrūhi me anagha
1. yudhiṣṭhiraḥ uvāca dharmajña dvaipāyana anagha tasya
rājarṣeḥ maruttasya kathām parikīrtanam śuśrūṣe me prabrūhi
1. Yudhiṣṭhira said: O knower of natural law (dharma), O Dvaipāyana, O sinless one, I wish to hear the narration of that royal sage Marutta's story; please recount it to me.
व्यास उवाच ।
आसीत्कृतयुगे पूर्वं मनुर्दण्डधरः प्रभुः ।
तस्य पुत्रो महेष्वासः प्रजातिरिति विश्रुतः ॥२॥
2. vyāsa uvāca ,
āsītkṛtayuge pūrvaṁ manurdaṇḍadharaḥ prabhuḥ ,
tasya putro maheṣvāsaḥ prajātiriti viśrutaḥ.
2. vyāsaḥ uvāca āsīt kṛtayuge pūrvam manuḥ daṇḍadharaḥ
prabhuḥ tasya putraḥ maheṣvāsaḥ prajātiḥ iti viśrutaḥ
2. vyāsaḥ uvāca pūrvam kṛtayuge daṇḍadharaḥ prabhuḥ manuḥ
āsīt tasya maheṣvāsaḥ putraḥ prajātiḥ iti viśrutaḥ
2. Vyāsa said: Formerly, in the Kṛtayuga, there was a powerful Manu, who held the scepter of justice. His son, a great archer, was renowned as Prajāti.
प्रजातेरभवत्पुत्रः क्षुप इत्यभिविश्रुतः ।
क्षुपस्य पुत्रस्त्विक्ष्वाकुर्महीपालोऽभवत्प्रभुः ॥३॥
3. prajāterabhavatputraḥ kṣupa ityabhiviśrutaḥ ,
kṣupasya putrastvikṣvākurmahīpālo'bhavatprabhuḥ.
3. prajāteḥ abhavat putraḥ kṣupaḥ iti abhiviśrutaḥ
kṣupasya putraḥ tu ikṣvākuḥ mahīpālaḥ abhavat prabhuḥ
3. From Prajāti was born a son, well-known as Kshupa. Kshupa's son, in turn, was the powerful king Ikṣvāku.
तस्य पुत्रशतं राजन्नासीत्परमधार्मिकम् ।
तांस्तु सर्वान्महीपालानिक्ष्वाकुरकरोत्प्रभुः ॥४॥
4. tasya putraśataṁ rājannāsītparamadhārmikam ,
tāṁstu sarvānmahīpālānikṣvākurakarotprabhuḥ.
4. tasya putraśatam rājan āsīt paramadhārmikam
tān tu sarvān mahīpālān ikṣvākuḥ akarot prabhuḥ
4. O King, he had a hundred extremely righteous sons. Ikṣvāku, the mighty ruler, appointed all of them as kings.
तेषां ज्येष्ठस्तु विंशोऽभूत्प्रतिमानं धनुष्मताम् ।
विंशस्य पुत्रः कल्याणो विविंशो नाम भारत ॥५॥
5. teṣāṁ jyeṣṭhastu viṁśo'bhūtpratimānaṁ dhanuṣmatām ,
viṁśasya putraḥ kalyāṇo viviṁśo nāma bhārata.
5. teṣām jyeṣṭhaḥ tu viṃśaḥ abhūt pratimānam dhanuṣmatām
viṃśasya putraḥ kalyāṇaḥ viviṃśaḥ nāma bhārata
5. Indeed, among those sons, the eldest was Viṃśa, who was an ideal for archers. O Bhārata, Viṃśa's noble son was named Viviṃśa.
विविंशस्य सुता राजन्बभूवुर्दश पञ्च च ।
सर्वे धनुषि विक्रान्ता ब्रह्मण्याः सत्यवादिनः ॥६॥
6. viviṁśasya sutā rājanbabhūvurdaśa pañca ca ,
sarve dhanuṣi vikrāntā brahmaṇyāḥ satyavādinaḥ.
6. viviṃśasya sutāḥ rājan babhūvuḥ daśa pañca ca
sarve dhanuṣi vikrāntāḥ brahmaṇyāḥ satyavādinaḥ
6. O King, Viviṃśa had fifteen sons. All of them were valiant in archery, devoted to spiritual principles, and truthful.
दानधर्मरताः सन्तः सततं प्रियवादिनः ।
तेषां ज्येष्ठः खनीनेत्रः स तान्सर्वानपीडयत् ॥७॥
7. dānadharmaratāḥ santaḥ satataṁ priyavādinaḥ ,
teṣāṁ jyeṣṭhaḥ khanīnetraḥ sa tānsarvānapīḍayat.
7. dānadharmaratāḥ santaḥ satataṃ priyavādinaḥ teṣām
jyeṣṭhaḥ khanīnetraḥ saḥ tān sarvān apīḍayat
7. teṣām dānadharmaratāḥ santaḥ satataṃ priyavādinaḥ
jyeṣṭhaḥ khanīnetraḥ saḥ tān sarvān apīḍayat
7. Virtuous people devoted to the practice of generosity (dāna dharma) and always speaking kindly – their elder, Khanīnetra, oppressed all of them.
खनीनेत्रस्तु विक्रान्तो जित्वा राज्यमकण्टकम् ।
नाशक्नोद्रक्षितुं राज्यं नान्वरज्यन्त तं प्रजाः ॥८॥
8. khanīnetrastu vikrānto jitvā rājyamakaṇṭakam ,
nāśaknodrakṣituṁ rājyaṁ nānvarajyanta taṁ prajāḥ.
8. khanīnetraḥ tu vikrāntaḥ jitvā rājyam akaṇṭakam na
aśaknot rakṣitum rājyam na anvarajyanta tam prajāḥ
8. tu vikrāntaḥ khanīnetraḥ akaṇṭakam rājyam jitvā rājyam rakṣitum na aśaknot,
prajāḥ tam na anvarajyanta
8. But Khanīnetra, though mighty and having conquered a kingdom free of obstacles, was unable to protect it, and his subjects were not devoted to him.
तमपास्य च तद्राष्ट्रं तस्य पुत्रं सुवर्चसम् ।
अभ्यषिञ्चत राजेन्द्र मुदितं चाभवत्तदा ॥९॥
9. tamapāsya ca tadrāṣṭraṁ tasya putraṁ suvarcasam ,
abhyaṣiñcata rājendra muditaṁ cābhavattadā.
9. tam apāsya ca tat rāṣṭram tasya putram suvarcasam
abhyaṣiñcata rājendra muditam ca abhavat tadā
9. ca tam apāsya,
rājendra,
tat rāṣṭram tasya putram suvarcasam abhyaṣiñcata,
ca tadā muditam abhavat
9. And having removed him, O best of kings, that kingdom then consecrated his son Suvarcas, and it became joyful at that time.
स पितुर्विक्रियां दृष्ट्वा राज्यान्निरसनं तथा ।
नियतो वर्तयामास प्रजाहितचिकीर्षया ॥१०॥
10. sa piturvikriyāṁ dṛṣṭvā rājyānnirasanaṁ tathā ,
niyato vartayāmāsa prajāhitacikīrṣayā.
10. saḥ pituḥ vikriyām dṛṣṭvā rājyāt nirasanam
tathā niyataḥ vartayāmāsa prajāhitacikīrṣayā
10. pitur vikriyām tathā rājyāt nirasanam dṛṣṭvā
saḥ niyataḥ prajāhitacikīrṣayā vartayāmāsa
10. Having witnessed his father's misconduct and his removal from the kingdom, he (Suvarcas) then conducted himself with self-control, motivated by a desire for the welfare of his subjects.
ब्रह्मण्यः सत्यवादी च शुचिः शमदमान्वितः ।
प्रजास्तं चान्वरज्यन्त धर्मनित्यं मनस्विनम् ॥११॥
11. brahmaṇyaḥ satyavādī ca śuciḥ śamadamānvitaḥ ,
prajāstaṁ cānvarajyanta dharmanityaṁ manasvinam.
11. brahmaṇyaḥ satyavādī ca śuciḥ śamadamānvitaḥ
prajāḥ tam ca anvarajyanta dharmanityam manasvinam
11. He was devoted to those who uphold spiritual knowledge, truthful, pure, and endowed with mental tranquility and self-control. And the subjects became attached to that high-minded king who was steadfast in his intrinsic nature (dharma).
तस्य धर्मप्रवृत्तस्य व्यशीर्यत्कोशवाहनम् ।
तं क्षीणकोशं सामन्ताः समन्तात्पर्यपीडयन् ॥१२॥
12. tasya dharmapravṛttasya vyaśīryatkośavāhanam ,
taṁ kṣīṇakośaṁ sāmantāḥ samantātparyapīḍayan.
12. tasya dharmapravṛttasya vyaśīryat kośavāhanam
tam kṣīṇakośam sāmantāḥ samantāt paryapīḍayan
12. While he was devoted to his natural law (dharma), his treasury and military strength dwindled. Consequently, neighboring kings, seeing his depleted treasury, harassed him from all sides.
स पीड्यमानो बहुभिः क्षीणकोशस्त्ववाहनः ।
आर्तिमार्छत्परां राजा सह भृत्यैः पुरेण च ॥१३॥
13. sa pīḍyamāno bahubhiḥ kṣīṇakośastvavāhanaḥ ,
ārtimārchatparāṁ rājā saha bhṛtyaiḥ pureṇa ca.
13. saḥ pīḍyamānaḥ bahubhiḥ kṣīṇakośaḥ tu avāhanaḥ
ārtim ārcchat parām rājā saha bhṛtyaiḥ pureṇa ca
13. Oppressed by many enemies, and with his treasury depleted and no military strength, that king, along with his servants and the entire city, experienced extreme distress.
न चैनं परिहर्तुं तेऽशक्नुवन्परिसंक्षये ।
सम्यग्वृत्तो हि राजा स धर्मनित्यो युधिष्ठिर ॥१४॥
14. na cainaṁ parihartuṁ te'śaknuvanparisaṁkṣaye ,
samyagvṛtto hi rājā sa dharmanityo yudhiṣṭhira.
14. na ca enam parihartum te aśaknuvan parisaṃkṣaye
samyagvṛttaḥ hi rājā saḥ dharmanityaḥ yudhiṣṭhira
14. And they were unable to protect him amidst that complete ruin. For that king was indeed of righteous conduct and steadfast in his natural law (dharma), O Yudhiṣṭhira.
यदा तु परमामार्तिं गतोऽसौ सपुरो नृपः ।
ततः प्रदध्मौ स करं प्रादुरासीत्ततो बलम् ॥१५॥
15. yadā tu paramāmārtiṁ gato'sau sapuro nṛpaḥ ,
tataḥ pradadhmau sa karaṁ prādurāsīttato balam.
15. yadā tu paramām ārtim gataḥ asau sa-puraḥ nṛpaḥ
tataḥ pradadhamau saḥ karam prādur āsīt tataḥ balam
15. yadā asau sa-puraḥ nṛpaḥ paramām ārtim gataḥ tu
tataḥ saḥ karam pradadhamau tataḥ balam prādur āsīt
15. When that king, along with his city, reached extreme distress, he then levied a tax (kara), and thereupon, power (balam) manifested.
ततस्तानजयत्सर्वान्प्रातिसीमान्नराधिपान् ।
एतस्मात्कारणाद्राजन्विश्रुतः स करंधमः ॥१६॥
16. tatastānajayatsarvānprātisīmānnarādhipān ,
etasmātkāraṇādrājanviśrutaḥ sa karaṁdhamaḥ.
16. tataḥ tān ajayat sarvān prātīsīmān narādhipān
etasmāt kāraṇāt rājan viśrutaḥ saḥ karaṃdhamaḥ
16. tataḥ saḥ sarvān prātīsīmān narādhipān tān ajayat
rājan etasmāt kāraṇāt saḥ karaṃdhamaḥ viśrutaḥ
16. Then he conquered all the neighboring kings. For this reason, O King, he became renowned as Karaṃdhama (tax-levier).
तस्य कारंधमः पुत्रस्त्रेतायुगमुखेऽभवत् ।
इन्द्रादनवरः श्रीमान्देवैरपि सुदुर्जयः ॥१७॥
17. tasya kāraṁdhamaḥ putrastretāyugamukhe'bhavat ,
indrādanavaraḥ śrīmāndevairapi sudurjayaḥ.
17. tasya karaṃdhamaḥ putraḥ tretā-yuga-mukhe abhavat
indrāt anavaraḥ śrīmān devaiḥ api su-durjayaḥ
17. tasya putraḥ karaṃdhamaḥ tretā-yuga-mukhe abhavat
śrīmān indrāt anavaraḥ devaiḥ api su-durjayaḥ
17. His son, Karaṃdhama, was born at the beginning of the Tretā age (yuga). He was glorious, not inferior to Indra, and very difficult to conquer even for the gods.
तस्य सर्वे महीपाला वर्तन्ते स्म वशे तदा ।
स हि सम्राडभूत्तेषां वृत्तेन च बलेन च ॥१८॥
18. tasya sarve mahīpālā vartante sma vaśe tadā ,
sa hi samrāḍabhūtteṣāṁ vṛttena ca balena ca.
18. tasya sarve mahīpālāḥ vartante sma vaśe tadā
saḥ hi samrāṭ abhūt teṣām vṛttena ca balena ca
18. tadā sarve mahīpālāḥ tasya vaśe vartante sma
hi saḥ teṣām samrāṭ abhūt vṛttena ca balena ca
18. At that time, all kings were under his control; for he indeed became their emperor by his excellent conduct and by his power.
अविक्षिन्नाम धर्मात्मा शौर्येणेन्द्रसमोऽभवत् ।
यज्ञशीलः कर्मरतिर्धृतिमान्संयतेन्द्रियः ॥१९॥
19. avikṣinnāma dharmātmā śauryeṇendrasamo'bhavat ,
yajñaśīlaḥ karmaratirdhṛtimānsaṁyatendriyaḥ.
19. avikṣinnāma dharmātmā śauryeṇa indrasamaḥ abhavat
yajñaśīlaḥ karmaratiḥ dhṛtimān saṃyatendriyaḥ
19. avikṣinnāma dharmātmā śauryeṇa indrasamaḥ abhavat
yajñaśīlaḥ karmaratiḥ dhṛtimān saṃyatendriyaḥ
19. Avikṣit by name, whose intrinsic nature (dharma) was righteousness, became equal to Indra in valor. He was fond of Vedic rituals (yajñaśīla), delighted in action (karma), possessed fortitude, and had controlled his senses.
तेजसादित्यसदृशः क्षमया पृथिवीसमः ।
बृहस्पतिसमो बुद्ध्या हिमवानिव सुस्थिरः ॥२०॥
20. tejasādityasadṛśaḥ kṣamayā pṛthivīsamaḥ ,
bṛhaspatisamo buddhyā himavāniva susthiraḥ.
20. tejasā ādityasadṛśaḥ kṣamayā pṛthivīsamaḥ
bṛhaspatisamaḥ buddhyā himavān iva susthiraḥ
20. tejasā ādityasadṛśaḥ kṣamayā pṛthivīsamaḥ
buddhyā bṛhaspatisamaḥ iva himavān susthiraḥ
20. He was like the sun in splendor, like the earth in patience, like Bṛhaspati in intellect, and exceedingly stable like the Himālaya mountain.
कर्मणा मनसा वाचा दमेन प्रशमेन च ।
मनांस्याराधयामास प्रजानां स महीपतिः ॥२१॥
21. karmaṇā manasā vācā damena praśamena ca ,
manāṁsyārādhayāmāsa prajānāṁ sa mahīpatiḥ.
21. karmaṇā manasā vācā damena praśamena ca
manāṃsi ārādhayāmāsa prajānām saḥ mahīpatiḥ
21. saḥ mahīpatiḥ karmaṇā manasā vācā damena
praśamena ca prajānām manāṃsi ārādhayāmāsa
21. That king pleased the minds of his subjects by his actions (karma), by his mind, by his speech, by his self-control, and by his tranquility.
य ईजे हयमेधानां शतेन विधिवत्प्रभुः ।
याजयामास यं विद्वान्स्वयमेवाङ्गिराः प्रभुः ॥२२॥
22. ya īje hayamedhānāṁ śatena vidhivatprabhuḥ ,
yājayāmāsa yaṁ vidvānsvayamevāṅgirāḥ prabhuḥ.
22. yaḥ īje hayamedhānām śatena vidhivat prabhuḥ
yājayāmāsa yam vidvān svayam eva aṅgirāḥ prabhuḥ
22. yaḥ prabhuḥ śatena hayamedhānām vidhivat īje
yam vidvān prabhuḥ aṅgirāḥ svayam eva yājayāmāsa
22. He, the mighty one, who himself performed a hundred horse Vedic rituals (yajña) according to the prescribed rites, and whom the learned Aṅgirās, the powerful one, caused to perform them.
तस्य पुत्रोऽतिचक्राम पितरं गुणवत्तया ।
मरुत्तो नाम धर्मज्ञश्चक्रवर्ती महायशाः ॥२३॥
23. tasya putro'ticakrāma pitaraṁ guṇavattayā ,
marutto nāma dharmajñaścakravartī mahāyaśāḥ.
23. tasya putraḥ ati-cakrāma pitaram guṇavattayā
maruttaḥ nāma dharmajñaḥ cakravartī mahāyaśāḥ
23. tasya putraḥ maruttaḥ nāma dharmajñaḥ cakravartī
mahāyaśāḥ guṇavattayā pitaram ati-cakrāma
23. His son, named Marutta, surpassed his father in virtue. He was a knower of natural law (dharma), an emperor of great fame.
नागायुतसमप्राणः साक्षाद्विष्णुरिवापरः ।
स यक्ष्यमाणो धर्मात्मा शातकुम्भमयान्युत ।
कारयामास शुभ्राणि भाजनानि सहस्रशः ॥२४॥
24. nāgāyutasamaprāṇaḥ sākṣādviṣṇurivāparaḥ ,
sa yakṣyamāṇo dharmātmā śātakumbhamayānyuta ,
kārayāmāsa śubhrāṇi bhājanāni sahasraśaḥ.
24. nāgāyutasamaprāṇaḥ sākṣāt viṣṇuḥ
iva aparaḥ saḥ yakṣyamāṇaḥ
dharmātmā śātakuṃbhamayāni uta kārayāmāsa
śubhrāṇi bhājanāni sahasraśaḥ
24. nāgāyutasamaprāṇaḥ sākṣāt aparaḥ
viṣṇuḥ iva saḥ dharmātmā yakṣyamāṇaḥ
uta śātakuṃbhamayāni śubhrāṇi
bhājanāni sahasraśaḥ kārayāmāsa
24. He possessed strength equal to ten thousand elephants, truly like another Viṣṇu. That righteous-souled (dharma) king, intending to perform a Vedic ritual (yajña), had thousands of bright, pure gold vessels made.
मेरुं पर्वतमासाद्य हिमवत्पार्श्व उत्तरे ।
काञ्चनः सुमहान्पादस्तत्र कर्म चकार सः ॥२५॥
25. meruṁ parvatamāsādya himavatpārśva uttare ,
kāñcanaḥ sumahānpādastatra karma cakāra saḥ.
25. merum parvatam āsādya himavat-pārśve uttare
kāñcanaḥ su-mahān pādaḥ tatra karma cakāra saḥ
25. saḥ merum parvatam āsādya himavat-pārśve uttare
tatra su-mahān kāñcanaḥ pādaḥ karma cakāra
25. Having reached Mount Meru, on the northern side of the Himalayas, he constructed there a very great golden base for his ritual (karma).
ततः कुण्डानि पात्रीश्च पिठराण्यासनानि च ।
चक्रुः सुवर्णकर्तारो येषां संख्या न विद्यते ॥२६॥
26. tataḥ kuṇḍāni pātrīśca piṭharāṇyāsanāni ca ,
cakruḥ suvarṇakartāro yeṣāṁ saṁkhyā na vidyate.
26. tataḥ kuṇḍāni pātrīḥ ca piṭharāṇi āsanāni ca
cakruḥ suvarṇakartāraḥ yeṣām saṅkhyā na vidyate
26. tataḥ suvarṇakartāraḥ kuṇḍāni ca pātrīḥ ca
piṭharāṇi ca āsanāni cakruḥ yeṣām saṅkhyā na vidyate
26. Then, gold-smiths made fire-pits, vessels, large pots, and seats, whose number was uncountable.
तस्यैव च समीपे स यज्ञवाटो बभूव ह ।
ईजे तत्र स धर्मात्मा विधिवत्पृथिवीपतिः ।
मरुत्तः सहितैः सर्वैः प्रजापालैर्नराधिपः ॥२७॥
27. tasyaiva ca samīpe sa yajñavāṭo babhūva ha ,
īje tatra sa dharmātmā vidhivatpṛthivīpatiḥ ,
maruttaḥ sahitaiḥ sarvaiḥ prajāpālairnarādhipaḥ.
27. tasya eva ca samīpe sa yajñavāṭaḥ
babhūva ha īje tatra sa dharmātmā
vidhivat pṛthivīpatiḥ maruttaḥ
sahitaiḥ sarvaiḥ prajāpālaiḥ narādhipaḥ
27. And indeed, near that very spot, that ground for the Vedic ritual (yajña) came into existence. There, that righteous king (dharma-ātman), the lord of the earth, King Marutta, along with all the protectors of the people, performed a Vedic ritual (yajña) according to the prescribed rites.