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महाभारतः       mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-82

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वैशंपायन उवाच ।
स्वर्गतः स तु राजेन्द्रो निवसन्देवसद्मनि ।
पूजितस्त्रिदशैः साध्यैर्मरुद्भिर्वसुभिस्तथा ॥१॥
1. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
svargataḥ sa tu rājendro nivasandevasadmani ,
pūjitastridaśaiḥ sādhyairmarudbhirvasubhistathā.
1. vaiśaṃpāyanaḥ uvāca svargataḥ sa tu rājendraḥ nivasān
devasadmani pūjitaḥ tridaśaiḥ sādhyaiḥ marudbhiḥ vasubhiḥ tathā
1. Vaiśampayana said: "That great king, having reached heaven, resided in the abode of the gods, honored by the celestial beings: the Tridaśas, the Sādhyas, the Maruts, and the Vasus."
देवलोकाद्ब्रह्मलोकं संचरन्पुण्यकृद्वशी ।
अवसत्पृथिवीपालो दीर्घकालमिति श्रुतिः ॥२॥
2. devalokādbrahmalokaṁ saṁcaranpuṇyakṛdvaśī ,
avasatpṛthivīpālo dīrghakālamiti śrutiḥ.
2. devalokāt brahmalokam saṃcaran puṇyakṛt vaśī
avasat pṛthivīpālaḥ dīrghakālam iti śrutiḥ
2. The tradition states that the self-controlled king, who performed meritorious deeds, resided for a long time, traveling from the world of the gods to the world of Brahma.
स कदाचिन्नृपश्रेष्ठो ययातिः शक्रमागमत् ।
कथान्ते तत्र शक्रेण पृष्टः स पृथिवीपतिः ॥३॥
3. sa kadācinnṛpaśreṣṭho yayātiḥ śakramāgamat ,
kathānte tatra śakreṇa pṛṣṭaḥ sa pṛthivīpatiḥ.
3. sa kadācit nṛpaśreṣṭhaḥ yayātiḥ śakram āgamat
kathā-ante tatra śakreṇa pṛṣṭaḥ sa pṛthivīpatiḥ
3. Once, Yayati, that best of kings, came to Shakra. At the end of their conversation there, Shakra questioned that king.
शक्र उवाच ।
यदा स पूरुस्तव रूपेण राजञ्जरां गृहीत्वा प्रचचार भूमौ ।
तदा राज्यं संप्रदायैव तस्मै त्वया किमुक्तः कथयेह सत्यम् ॥४॥
4. śakra uvāca ,
yadā sa pūrustava rūpeṇa rāja;ñjarāṁ gṛhītvā pracacāra bhūmau ,
tadā rājyaṁ saṁpradāyaiva tasmai; tvayā kimuktaḥ kathayeha satyam.
4. śakraḥ uvāca yadā sa pūruḥ tava rūpeṇa
rājan jarām gṛhītvā pracacāra bhūmau
tadā rājyam sampradāya eva tasmai
tvayā kim uktaḥ kathaya iha satyam
4. Shakra said: 'O King, when that Puru assumed your form and took on your old age, living on earth, what exactly did you say to him after handing over the kingdom? Tell me the truth now.'
ययातिरुवाच ।
गङ्गायमुनयोर्मध्ये कृत्स्नोऽयं विषयस्तव ।
मध्ये पृथिव्यास्त्वं राजा भ्रातरोऽन्त्याधिपास्तव ॥५॥
5. yayātiruvāca ,
gaṅgāyamunayormadhye kṛtsno'yaṁ viṣayastava ,
madhye pṛthivyāstvaṁ rājā bhrātaro'ntyādhipāstava.
5. yayātiḥ uvāca gaṅgā-yamunayoḥ madhye kṛtsnaḥ ayam viṣayaḥ
tava madhye pṛthivyāḥ tvam rājā bhrātaraḥ antya-adhipāḥ tava
5. Yayati said: 'Between the Ganga and Yamuna, this entire region is your domain. You are the king of the central earth, and your brothers are the rulers of the outer territories.'
अक्रोधनः क्रोधनेभ्यो विशिष्टस्तथा तितिक्षुरतितिक्षोर्विशिष्टः ।
अमानुषेभ्यो मानुषाश्च प्रधाना विद्वांस्तथैवाविदुषः प्रधानः ॥६॥
6. akrodhanaḥ krodhanebhyo viśiṣṭa;stathā titikṣuratitikṣorviśiṣṭaḥ ,
amānuṣebhyo mānuṣāśca pradhānā; vidvāṁstathaivāviduṣaḥ pradhānaḥ.
6. akrodhanaḥ krodhanebhyaḥ viśiṣṭaḥ
tathā titikṣuḥ atitikṣoḥ viśiṣṭaḥ
amānuṣebhyaḥ mānuṣāḥ ca pradhānāḥ
vidvān tathā eva aviduṣaḥ pradhānaḥ
6. A person free from anger is superior to angry individuals, and similarly, a patient person is superior to one who is impatient. Humans are also superior to non-humans, and likewise, a wise person is superior to an ignorant one.
आक्रुश्यमानो नाक्रोशेन्मन्युरेव तितिक्षतः ।
आक्रोष्टारं निर्दहति सुकृतं चास्य विन्दति ॥७॥
7. ākruśyamāno nākrośenmanyureva titikṣataḥ ,
ākroṣṭāraṁ nirdahati sukṛtaṁ cāsya vindati.
7. ākruśyamānaḥ na ākrośet manyuḥ eva titikṣataḥ
ākroṣṭāram nirdahati sukṛtam ca asya vindati
7. One who is being reviled should not revile back. The very anger of the one who endures burns up the reviler, and the merit of the reviler accrues to the one who endures.
नारुंतुदः स्यान्न नृशंसवादी न हीनतः परमभ्याददीत ।
ययास्य वाचा पर उद्विजेत न तां वदेद्रुशतीं पापलोक्याम् ॥८॥
8. nāruṁtudaḥ syānna nṛśaṁsavādī; na hīnataḥ paramabhyādadīta ,
yayāsya vācā para udvijeta; na tāṁ vadedruśatīṁ pāpalokyām.
8. na arumtudaḥ syāt na nṛśaṃsavādī
na hīnataḥ param abhyādadīta
yayā asya vācā paraḥ udvijeta
na tām vadet ruśatīm pāpalokyām
8. One should not be a tormentor, nor a speaker of cruel words, nor should one disrespectfully revile another. One should not utter harsh, abusive speech by which another might be disturbed or which leads to ignoble consequences.
अरुंतुदं पुरुषं रूक्षवाचं वाक्कण्टकैर्वितुदन्तं मनुष्यान् ।
विद्यादलक्ष्मीकतमं जनानां मुखे निबद्धां निरृतिं वहन्तम् ॥९॥
9. aruṁtudaṁ puruṣaṁ rūkṣavācaṁ; vākkaṇṭakairvitudantaṁ manuṣyān ,
vidyādalakṣmīkatamaṁ janānāṁ; mukhe nibaddhāṁ nirṛtiṁ vahantam.
9. arumtudam puruṣam rūkṣavācam
vākkaṇṭakaiḥ vitudantam manuṣyān
vidyāt alakṣmīkatamam janānām
mukhe nibaddhām nirṛtim vahantam
9. One should know a man who torments others, who speaks harshly, and who wounds people with the thorns of his words, to be the most unfortunate among all people, carrying misfortune bound in his mouth.
सद्भिः पुरस्तादभिपूजितः स्यात्सद्भिस्तथा पृष्ठतो रक्षितः स्यात् ।
सदासतामतिवादांस्तितिक्षेत्सतां वृत्तं चाददीतार्यवृत्तः ॥१०॥
10. sadbhiḥ purastādabhipūjitaḥ syā;tsadbhistathā pṛṣṭhato rakṣitaḥ syāt ,
sadāsatāmativādāṁstitikṣe;tsatāṁ vṛttaṁ cādadītāryavṛttaḥ.
10. sadbhiḥ purastāt abhipūjitaḥ syāt
sadbhiḥ tathā pṛṣṭhataḥ rakṣitaḥ
syāt sadā asatām ativādān titikṣet
satām vṛttam ca ādadīta āryavṛttaḥ
10. One should be honored by the good in front and similarly protected by them from behind. One should always endure the insults of the wicked. A person of noble conduct should adopt the behavior of the virtuous.
वाक्सायका वदनान्निष्पतन्ति यैराहतः शोचति रात्र्यहानि ।
परस्य वा मर्मसु ये पतन्ति तान्पण्डितो नावसृजेत्परेषु ॥११॥
11. vāksāyakā vadanānniṣpatanti; yairāhataḥ śocati rātryahāni ,
parasya vā marmasu ye patanti; tānpaṇḍito nāvasṛjetpareṣu.
11. vāksāyakāḥ vadanāt niṣpatanti
yaiḥ āhataḥ śocati rātryahāni
parasya vā marmasu ye patanti
tān paṇḍitaḥ na avasṛjet pareṣu
11. Speech-arrows fly out from the mouth; struck by them, one grieves day and night. A wise person should not release such arrows (words) that fall into the vital points of another.
न हीदृशं संवननं त्रिषु लोकेषु विद्यते ।
यथा मैत्री च भूतेषु दानं च मधुरा च वाक् ॥१२॥
12. na hīdṛśaṁ saṁvananaṁ triṣu lokeṣu vidyate ,
yathā maitrī ca bhūteṣu dānaṁ ca madhurā ca vāk.
12. na hi īdṛśam saṃvananam triṣu lokeṣu vidyate
yathā maitrī ca bhūteṣu dānam ca madhurā ca vāk
12. Indeed, no such captivating power exists in the three worlds as friendliness towards all beings, dāna, and sweet speech.
तस्मात्सान्त्वं सदा वाच्यं न वाच्यं परुषं क्वचित् ।
पूज्यान्संपूजयेद्दद्यान्न च याचेत्कदाचन ॥१३॥
13. tasmātsāntvaṁ sadā vācyaṁ na vācyaṁ paruṣaṁ kvacit ,
pūjyānsaṁpūjayeddadyānna ca yācetkadācana.
13. tasmāt sāntvam sadā vācyam na vācyam paruṣam kvacit
pūjyān saṃpūjayet dadyāt na ca yācet kadācana
13. Therefore, one should always speak gentle words and never harsh ones. One should honor those worthy of respect and give, but should never beg.