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महाभारतः       mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-131

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श्येन उवाच ।
धर्मात्मानं त्वाहुरेकं सर्वे राजन्महीक्षितः ।
स वै धर्मविरुद्धं त्वं कस्मात्कर्म चिकीर्षसि ॥१॥
1. śyena uvāca ,
dharmātmānaṁ tvāhurekaṁ sarve rājanmahīkṣitaḥ ,
sa vai dharmaviruddhaṁ tvaṁ kasmātkarma cikīrṣasi.
1. śyena uvāca | dharmātmānam tu āhuḥ ekam sarve rājan mahīkṣitaḥ
| sa vai dharma-viruddham tvam kasmāt karma cikīrṣasi
1. The hawk said, "O King, all rulers consider you uniquely a man of virtuous character (dharmātmānam). Why then do you wish to perform an action (karma) that is contrary to natural law (dharma)?"
विहितं भक्षणं राजन्पीड्यमानस्य मे क्षुधा ।
मा भाङ्क्षीर्धर्मलोभेन धर्ममुत्सृष्टवानसि ॥२॥
2. vihitaṁ bhakṣaṇaṁ rājanpīḍyamānasya me kṣudhā ,
mā bhāṅkṣīrdharmalobhena dharmamutsṛṣṭavānasi.
2. vihitam bhakṣaṇam rājan pīḍyamānasya me kṣudhā |
mā bhāṅkṣīḥ dharma-lobhena dharmam utsṛṣṭavān asi
2. "O King, this is my prescribed food, as I am suffering from hunger. Do not break (your word/duty) out of an excessive attachment to (another aspect of) natural law (dharma-lobhena); you have thereby abandoned (utsṛṣṭavān asi) your own intrinsic nature (dharma)."
राजोवाच ।
संत्रस्तरूपस्त्राणार्थी त्वत्तो भीतो महाद्विज ।
मत्सकाशमनुप्राप्तः प्राणगृध्नुरयं द्विजः ॥३॥
3. rājovāca ,
saṁtrastarūpastrāṇārthī tvatto bhīto mahādvija ,
matsakāśamanuprāptaḥ prāṇagṛdhnurayaṁ dvijaḥ.
3. rājā uvāca | samtrasta-rūpaḥ trāṇa-arthī tvattaḥ bhītaḥ
mahā-dvija | mat-sakāśam anuprāptaḥ prāṇa-gṛdhnūḥ ayam dvijaḥ
3. The king said, "O great hawk (mahā-dvija), this pigeon, terrified in appearance (samtrasta-rūpaḥ), seeking protection, and frightened by you, has come to my presence, clinging to its life. This twice-born (dvija) [pigeon] has arrived."
एवमभ्यागतस्येह कपोतस्याभयार्थिनः ।
अप्रदाने परोऽधर्मः किं त्वं श्येन प्रपश्यसि ॥४॥
4. evamabhyāgatasyeha kapotasyābhayārthinaḥ ,
apradāne paro'dharmaḥ kiṁ tvaṁ śyena prapaśyasi.
4. evam abhyāgatasya iha kapotasya abhaya-arthinaḥ |
apradāne paraḥ adharmaḥ kim tvam śyena prapaśyasi
4. "When a pigeon has thus arrived here, seeking safety, not granting it protection (apradāne) would be a great transgression against natural law (adharma). What (kim) do you, O hawk (śyena), see (prapaśyasi) in this situation?"
प्रस्पन्दमानः संभ्रान्तः कपोतः श्येन लक्ष्यते ।
मत्सकाशं जीवितार्थी तस्य त्यागो विगर्हितः ॥५॥
5. praspandamānaḥ saṁbhrāntaḥ kapotaḥ śyena lakṣyate ,
matsakāśaṁ jīvitārthī tasya tyāgo vigarhitaḥ.
5. praspandamānaḥ saṃbhrāntaḥ kapotaḥ śyena lakṣyate
matsakāśam jīvitārthī tasya tyāgaḥ vigarhitaḥ
5. A trembling, bewildered dove, targeted by a hawk, has come to my presence, seeking to preserve its life. Abandoning such a one is reprehensible.
श्येन उवाच ।
आहारात्सर्वभूतानि संभवन्ति महीपते ।
आहारेण विवर्धन्ते तेन जीवन्ति जन्तवः ॥६॥
6. śyena uvāca ,
āhārātsarvabhūtāni saṁbhavanti mahīpate ,
āhāreṇa vivardhante tena jīvanti jantavaḥ.
6. śyena uvāca āhārāt sarvabhūtāni saṃbhavanti
mahīpate āhāreṇa vivardhante tena jīvanti jantavaḥ
6. The hawk said: 'O King, all beings originate from food. They flourish because of food, and indeed, creatures live by it.'
शक्यते दुस्त्यजेऽप्यर्थे चिररात्राय जीवितुम् ।
न तु भोजनमुत्सृज्य शक्यं वर्तयितुं चिरम् ॥७॥
7. śakyate dustyaje'pyarthe cirarātrāya jīvitum ,
na tu bhojanamutsṛjya śakyaṁ vartayituṁ ciram.
7. śakyate dustyaje api arthe cirarātrāya jīvitum
na tu bhojanam utsṛjya śakyam vartayitum ciram
7. One can endure for a long time even by giving up something that is difficult to relinquish. But it is not possible to subsist for long after abandoning food.
भक्ष्याद्विलोपितस्याद्य मम प्राणा विशां पते ।
विसृज्य कायमेष्यन्ति पन्थानमपुनर्भवम् ॥८॥
8. bhakṣyādvilopitasyādya mama prāṇā viśāṁ pate ,
visṛjya kāyameṣyanti panthānamapunarbhavam.
8. bhakṣyāt vilopitasya adya mama prāṇāḥ viśām pate
visṛjya kāyam eṣyanti panthānam apunarbhavam
8. O ruler of the people, if I am deprived of my prey today, my vital breaths will abandon my body and depart on the path from which there is no return (apunarbhava).
प्रमृते मयि धर्मात्मन्पुत्रदारं नशिष्यति ।
रक्षमाणः कपोतं त्वं बहून्प्राणान्नशिष्यसि ॥९॥
9. pramṛte mayi dharmātmanputradāraṁ naśiṣyati ,
rakṣamāṇaḥ kapotaṁ tvaṁ bahūnprāṇānnaśiṣyasi.
9. pramṛte mayi dharmātman putradāram naśiṣyati
rakṣamāṇaḥ kapotam tvam bahūn prāṇān naśiṣyasi
9. O virtuous one (dharmātman), if I perish, my children and wife will die. By protecting this pigeon, you will be responsible for the loss of many lives.
धर्मं यो बाधते धर्मो न स धर्मः कुधर्म तत् ।
अविरोधी तु यो धर्मः स धर्मः सत्यविक्रम ॥१०॥
10. dharmaṁ yo bādhate dharmo na sa dharmaḥ kudharma tat ,
avirodhī tu yo dharmaḥ sa dharmaḥ satyavikrama.
10. dharmam yaḥ bādhate dharmaḥ na sa dharmaḥ kudharma
tat avirodhī tu yaḥ dharmaḥ sa dharmaḥ satyavikrama
10. O valorous one of truth (satyavikrama), that which obstructs natural law (dharma) is not true natural law (dharma); rather, it is bad natural law (kudharma). However, that natural law (dharma) which is unopposing (avirodhī) is true natural law (dharma).
विरोधिषु महीपाल निश्चित्य गुरुलाघवम् ।
न बाधा विद्यते यत्र तं धर्मं समुदाचरेत् ॥११॥
11. virodhiṣu mahīpāla niścitya gurulāghavam ,
na bādhā vidyate yatra taṁ dharmaṁ samudācaret.
11. virodhiṣu mahīpāla niścitya gurulāghavam na
bādhā vidyate yatra tam dharmam samudācaret
11. O King (mahīpāla), among conflicting principles, having determined the relative importance and insignificance, one should practice that natural law (dharma) where no obstruction (bādhā) arises.
गुरुलाघवमाज्ञाय धर्माधर्मविनिश्चये ।
यतो भूयांस्ततो राजन्कुरु धर्मविनिश्चयम् ॥१२॥
12. gurulāghavamājñāya dharmādharmaviniścaye ,
yato bhūyāṁstato rājankuru dharmaviniścayam.
12. gurulāghavam ājñāya dharmādharma viniścaye
yataḥ bhūyān tataḥ rājan kuru dharmaviniścayam
12. O King (rājan), having understood the relative importance and insignificance in deciding what is natural law (dharma) and unnatural law (adharma), make your decision regarding natural law (dharma) based on whichever side yields a greater benefit.
राजोवाच ।
बहुकल्याणसंयुक्तं भाषसे विहगोत्तम ।
सुपर्णः पक्षिराट्किं त्वं धर्मज्ञश्चास्यसंशयम् ।
तथा हि धर्मसंयुक्तं बहु चित्रं प्रभाषसे ॥१३॥
13. rājovāca ,
bahukalyāṇasaṁyuktaṁ bhāṣase vihagottama ,
suparṇaḥ pakṣirāṭkiṁ tvaṁ dharmajñaścāsyasaṁśayam ,
tathā hi dharmasaṁyuktaṁ bahu citraṁ prabhāṣase.
13. rājan uvāca | bahu-kalyāṇa-saṃyuktam bhāṣase
vihaga-uttama | suparṇaḥ pakṣi-rāṭ kim
tvam dharma-jñaḥ ca asya saṃśayam | tathā
hi dharma-saṃyuktam bahu citram prabhāṣase
13. The king said: "O best of birds, you speak words endowed with great welfare. Are you Garuḍa (Suparṇa), the king of birds? You are certainly one who knows the natural law (dharma), for you speak such various things connected with natural law (dharma)."
न तेऽस्त्यविदितं किंचिदिति त्वा लक्षयाम्यहम् ।
शरणैषिणः परित्यागं कथं साध्विति मन्यसे ॥१४॥
14. na te'styaviditaṁ kiṁciditi tvā lakṣayāmyaham ,
śaraṇaiṣiṇaḥ parityāgaṁ kathaṁ sādhviti manyase.
14. na te asti aviditam kiñcit iti tvā lakṣayāmi aham
| śaraṇa-eṣiṇaḥ parityāgam katham sādhu iti manyase
14. I infer from this that nothing is unknown to you. How then can you consider the abandonment of one seeking refuge to be proper?
आहारार्थं समारम्भस्तव चायं विहंगम ।
शक्यश्चाप्यन्यथा कर्तुमाहारोऽप्यधिकस्त्वया ॥१५॥
15. āhārārthaṁ samārambhastava cāyaṁ vihaṁgama ,
śakyaścāpyanyathā kartumāhāro'pyadhikastvayā.
15. āhāra-artham samārambhaḥ tava ca ayam vihaṅgama |
śakyaḥ ca api anyathā kartum āhāraḥ api adhikaḥ tvayā
15. O bird, this undertaking of yours is for the sake of food. But food, and indeed more than enough, can be obtained by you in another way.
गोवृषो वा वराहो वा मृगो वा महिषोऽपि वा ।
त्वदर्थमद्य क्रियतां यद्वान्यदभिकाङ्क्षसे ॥१६॥
16. govṛṣo vā varāho vā mṛgo vā mahiṣo'pi vā ,
tvadarthamadya kriyatāṁ yadvānyadabhikāṅkṣase.
16. go-vṛṣaḥ vā varāhaḥ vā mṛgaḥ vā mahiṣaḥ api vā |
tvat-artham adya kriyatām yat vā anyat abhikāṅkṣase
16. Let a bull, or a boar, or a deer, or even a buffalo be prepared for you today, or whatever else you desire.
श्येन उवाच ।
न वराहं न चोक्षाणं न मृगान्विविधांस्तथा ।
भक्षयामि महाराज किमन्नाद्येन तेन मे ॥१७॥
17. śyena uvāca ,
na varāhaṁ na cokṣāṇaṁ na mṛgānvividhāṁstathā ,
bhakṣayāmi mahārāja kimannādyena tena me.
17. śyena uvāca na varāham na ca ukṣāṇam na mṛgān vividhān
tathā bhakṣayāmi mahārāja kim annādyena tena me
17. The hawk said: O great king, I do not eat boars, nor bulls, nor various deer; what use is such food to me?
यस्तु मे दैवविहितो भक्षः क्षत्रियपुंगव ।
तमुत्सृज महीपाल कपोतमिममेव मे ॥१८॥
18. yastu me daivavihito bhakṣaḥ kṣatriyapuṁgava ,
tamutsṛja mahīpāla kapotamimameva me.
18. yaḥ tu me daivavihitaḥ bhakṣaḥ kṣatriyapuṅgava
tam utsṛja mahīpāla kapotam imam eva me
18. But this very pigeon, O best of kṣatriyas, O protector of the earth, is my designated food, ordained by fate, so release it for me!
श्येनाः कपोतान्खादन्ति स्थितिरेषा सनातनी ।
मा राजन्मार्गमाज्ञाय कदलीस्कन्धमारुह ॥१९॥
19. śyenāḥ kapotānkhādanti sthitireṣā sanātanī ,
mā rājanmārgamājñāya kadalīskandhamāruha.
19. śyenāḥ kapotān khādanti sthitiḥ eṣā sanātanī
mā rājan mārgam ājñāya kadalīskandham āruha
19. Hawks eat pigeons; this is an eternal (sanātanī) natural law (dharma). O king, do not, knowing this proper course of action (mārga), attempt something futile like climbing a banana tree trunk!
राजोवाच ।
राज्यं शिबीनामृद्धं वै शाधि पक्षिगणार्चित ।
यद्वा कामयसे किंचिच्छ्येन सर्वं ददानि ते ।
विनेमं पक्षिणं श्येन शरणार्थिनमागतम् ॥२०॥
20. rājovāca ,
rājyaṁ śibīnāmṛddhaṁ vai śādhi pakṣigaṇārcita ,
yadvā kāmayase kiṁcicchyena sarvaṁ dadāni te ,
vinemaṁ pakṣiṇaṁ śyena śaraṇārthinamāgatam.
20. rājā uvāca rājyam śibīnām ṛddham vai
śādhi pakṣigaṇārcita yat vā kāmayase
kiñcit śyena sarvam dadāni te vinā imam
pakṣiṇam śyena śaraṇārthinam āgatam
20. The king said: O hawk, honored by flocks of birds, rule over the prosperous kingdom of the Śibis. Or whatever else you desire, O hawk, I will give everything to you, except this bird who has come seeking refuge (śaraṇa).
येनेमं वर्जयेथास्त्वं कर्मणा पक्षिसत्तम ।
तदाचक्ष्व करिष्यामि न हि दास्ये कपोतकम् ॥२१॥
21. yenemaṁ varjayethāstvaṁ karmaṇā pakṣisattama ,
tadācakṣva kariṣyāmi na hi dāsye kapotakam.
21. yena imam varjayethāḥ tvam karmaṇā pakṣisattama
tat ācakṣva kariṣyāmi na hi dāsye kapotakam
21. O best of birds, tell me what action (karma) you would accept to abandon this pigeon; I will perform it. I will certainly not surrender the pigeon.
श्येन उवाच ।
उशीनर कपोते ते यदि स्नेहो नराधिप ।
आत्मनो मांसमुत्कृत्य कपोततुलया धृतम् ॥२२॥
22. śyena uvāca ,
uśīnara kapote te yadi sneho narādhipa ,
ātmano māṁsamutkṛtya kapotatulayā dhṛtam.
22. śyenaḥ uvāca uśīnara kapote te yadi snehaḥ
narādhipa ātmanaḥ māṃsam utkṛtya kapotatulayā dhṛtam
22. The hawk said: 'O Uśīnara, O King of men, if you truly have affection (sneha) for that pigeon, then (you must provide) your own flesh, cut out and weighed on a balance to be equal to the pigeon.'
यदा समं कपोतेन तव मांसं भवेन्नृप ।
तदा प्रदेयं तन्मह्यं सा मे तुष्टिर्भविष्यति ॥२३॥
23. yadā samaṁ kapotena tava māṁsaṁ bhavennṛpa ,
tadā pradeyaṁ tanmahyaṁ sā me tuṣṭirbhaviṣyati.
23. yadā samam kapotena tava māṃsam bhavet nṛpa tadā
pradeyam tat mahyam sā me tuṣṭiḥ bhaviṣyati
23. O King, when your flesh is equal in weight to the pigeon's, then that (flesh) is to be given to me. That will be my satisfaction (tuṣṭi).
राजोवाच ।
अनुग्रहमिमं मन्ये श्येन यन्माभियाचसे ।
तस्मात्तेऽद्य प्रदास्यामि स्वमांसं तुलया धृतम् ॥२४॥
24. rājovāca ,
anugrahamimaṁ manye śyena yanmābhiyācase ,
tasmātte'dya pradāsyāmi svamāṁsaṁ tulayā dhṛtam.
24. rājā uvāca anugraham imam manye śyena yat mām abhiyācase
tasmāt te adya pradāsyāmi svamāṃsam tulayā dhṛtam
24. The King said: 'O hawk, I consider it a great favor (anugraha) that you ask this of me. Therefore, I will give you my own flesh, weighed on the balance, today.'
लोमश उवाच ।
अथोत्कृत्य स्वमांसं तु राजा परमधर्मवित् ।
तुलयामास कौन्तेय कपोतेन सहाभिभो ॥२५॥
25. lomaśa uvāca ,
athotkṛtya svamāṁsaṁ tu rājā paramadharmavit ,
tulayāmāsa kaunteya kapotena sahābhibho.
25. lomaśaḥ uvāca | atha utkṛtya sva-māṃsam tu rājā
parama-dharma-vit | tulayāmāsa kaunteya kapotena saha abhibho
25. Lomasha said: "Then, O son of Kunti (Arjuna), O lord, the king, who understood the supreme natural law (dharma), cut off his own flesh and placed it on the scale to be weighed with the pigeon."
ध्रियमाणस्तु तुलया कपोतो व्यतिरिच्यते ।
पुनश्चोत्कृत्य मांसानि राजा प्रादादुशीनरः ॥२६॥
26. dhriyamāṇastu tulayā kapoto vyatiricyate ,
punaścotkṛtya māṁsāni rājā prādāduśīnaraḥ.
26. dhriyamāṇaḥ tu tulayā kapotaḥ vyatiricyate |
punaḥ ca utkṛtya māṃsāni rājā prādāt uśīnaraḥ
26. However, even as it was being weighed on the scale, the pigeon's weight remained greater. So, King Ushīnara again cut off more flesh and offered it.
न विद्यते यदा मांसं कपोतेन समं धृतम् ।
तत उत्कृत्तमांसोऽसावारुरोह स्वयं तुलाम् ॥२७॥
27. na vidyate yadā māṁsaṁ kapotena samaṁ dhṛtam ,
tata utkṛttamāṁso'sāvāruroha svayaṁ tulām.
27. na vidyate yadā māṃsam kapotena samam dhṛtam |
tataḥ utkṛtta-māṃsaḥ asau āruroha svayam tulām
27. When the amount of flesh placed on the scale was still not found to be equal to the pigeon's weight, then the king, having had so much of his flesh cut off, himself ascended the scale.
श्येन उवाच ।
इन्द्रोऽहमस्मि धर्मज्ञ कपोतो हव्यवाडयम् ।
जिज्ञासमानौ धर्मे त्वां यज्ञवाटमुपागतौ ॥२८॥
28. śyena uvāca ,
indro'hamasmi dharmajña kapoto havyavāḍayam ,
jijñāsamānau dharme tvāṁ yajñavāṭamupāgatau.
28. śyenaḥ uvāca | indraḥ aham asmi dharmajña kapotaḥ havya-vāṭ
ayam | jijñāsamānau dharme tvām yajña-vāṭam upāgatau
28. The hawk said: "O knower of natural law (dharma)! I am Indra, and this pigeon here is Agni. We have both come to this sacrificial ground (yajña-vāṭa), seeking to test you regarding your adherence to natural law (dharma)."
यत्ते मांसानि गात्रेभ्य उत्कृत्तानि विशां पते ।
एषा ते भास्वरी कीर्तिर्लोकानभिभविष्यति ॥२९॥
29. yatte māṁsāni gātrebhya utkṛttāni viśāṁ pate ,
eṣā te bhāsvarī kīrtirlokānabhibhaviṣyati.
29. yat te māṃsāni gātrebhyaḥ utkṛttāni viśām pate
eṣā te bhāsvārī kīrtiḥ lokān abhibhaviṣyati
29. O lord of the people, because your flesh was cut from your limbs, this brilliant fame of yours will surpass all worlds.
यावल्लोके मनुष्यास्त्वां कथयिष्यन्ति पार्थिव ।
तावत्कीर्तिश्च लोकाश्च स्थास्यन्ति तव शाश्वताः ॥३०॥
30. yāvalloke manuṣyāstvāṁ kathayiṣyanti pārthiva ,
tāvatkīrtiśca lokāśca sthāsyanti tava śāśvatāḥ.
30. yāvat loke manuṣyāḥ tvām kathayiṣyanti pārthiva
tāvat kīrtiḥ ca lokāḥ ca sthāsyanti tava śāśvatāḥ
30. O king, as long as people in the world speak of you, so long will your fame and your worlds endure eternally.
लोमश उवाच ।
तत्पाण्डवेय सदनं राज्ञस्तस्य महात्मनः ।
पश्यस्वैतन्मया सार्धं पुण्यं पापप्रमोचनम् ॥३१॥
31. lomaśa uvāca ,
tatpāṇḍaveya sadanaṁ rājñastasya mahātmanaḥ ,
paśyasvaitanmayā sārdhaṁ puṇyaṁ pāpapramocanam.
31. lomaśa uvāca tat pāṇḍaveya sadanaṃ rājñaḥ tasya mahātmanaḥ
paśyasva etat mayā sārdhaṃ puṇyaṃ pāpapramocanam
31. Lomaśa said: 'With me, behold this sacred dwelling place of that great-souled (mahātman) king, which belongs to the Pāṇḍavas, and which grants freedom from sin.'
अत्र वै सततं देवा मुनयश्च सनातनाः ।
दृश्यन्ते ब्राह्मणै राजन्पुण्यवद्भिर्महात्मभिः ॥३२॥
32. atra vai satataṁ devā munayaśca sanātanāḥ ,
dṛśyante brāhmaṇai rājanpuṇyavadbhirmahātmabhiḥ.
32. atra vai satatam devāḥ munayaḥ ca sanātanāḥ
dṛśyante brāhmaṇaiḥ rājan puṇyavadbhiḥ mahātmabhiḥ
32. Indeed, O king, here, the eternal gods and sages are constantly seen by pious (puṇya) and great-souled (mahātman) brahmins.