Skip to content
אתר זה לא תומך בגרסאות ישנות של אינטרנט אקספלורר
מומלץ להשתמש בדפדפן גוגל כרום או פיירפוקס מוזילה
(או באינטרנט אקספלורר / edge עדכני)
Enjoy Learning Sanskrit tips, tools, resources and more...

महाभारतः       mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-146

Use the following checkboxes to set the display options for this chapter (You can also control the display of each verse separately):
what would you like to see in each verse:
ब्राह्मण्युवाच ।
न संतापस्त्वया कार्यः प्राकृतेनेव कर्हिचित् ।
न हि संतापकालोऽयं वैद्यस्य तव विद्यते ॥१॥
1. brāhmaṇyuvāca ,
na saṁtāpastvayā kāryaḥ prākṛteneva karhicit ,
na hi saṁtāpakālo'yaṁ vaidyasya tava vidyate.
1. brāhmaṇī uvāca na saṁtāpaḥ tvayā kāryaḥ prākṛtena iva
karhicit na hi saṁtāpa kālaḥ ayam vaidyasya tava vidyate
1. The Brāhmaṇī said: "You should never show such distress as an ordinary person would. Indeed, this is not a time for you, the learned one, to grieve."
अवश्यं निधनं सर्वैर्गन्तव्यमिह मानवैः ।
अवश्यभाविन्यर्थे वै संतापो नेह विद्यते ॥२॥
2. avaśyaṁ nidhanaṁ sarvairgantavyamiha mānavaiḥ ,
avaśyabhāvinyarthe vai saṁtāpo neha vidyate.
2. avaśyam nidhanam sarvaiḥ gantavyam iha mānavaiḥ
avaśyabhāvini arthe vai santāpaḥ na iha vidyate
2. Death (nidhana) is certainly inevitable for all human beings (mānava) in this world. Therefore, there is no sorrow (santāpa) regarding that which is bound to happen.
भार्या पुत्रोऽथ दुहिता सर्वमात्मार्थमिष्यते ।
व्यथां जहि सुबुद्ध्या त्वं स्वयं यास्यामि तत्र वै ॥३॥
3. bhāryā putro'tha duhitā sarvamātmārthamiṣyate ,
vyathāṁ jahi subuddhyā tvaṁ svayaṁ yāsyāmi tatra vai.
3. bhāryā putraḥ atha duhitā sarvam ātmaartham iṣyate
vyathām jahi subuddhyā tvam svayam yāsyāmi tatra vai
3. A wife, a son, and a daughter – everything is desired for the sake of one's own self (ātman). Therefore, you should conquer your distress with good sense. I myself will certainly go there.
एतद्धि परमं नार्याः कार्यं लोके सनातनम् ।
प्राणानपि परित्यज्य यद्भर्तृहितमाचरेत् ॥४॥
4. etaddhi paramaṁ nāryāḥ kāryaṁ loke sanātanam ,
prāṇānapi parityajya yadbhartṛhitamācaret.
4. etat hi paramam nāryāḥ kāryam loke sanātanam
prāṇān api parityajya yat bhartṛhitam ācaret
4. Indeed, this is the supreme and eternal natural law (dharma) for a woman in the world: that she should act for her husband's welfare, even abandoning her own life (prāṇa).
तच्च तत्र कृतं कर्म तवापीह सुखावहम् ।
भवत्यमुत्र चाक्षय्यं लोकेऽस्मिंश्च यशस्करम् ॥५॥
5. tacca tatra kṛtaṁ karma tavāpīha sukhāvaham ,
bhavatyamutra cākṣayyaṁ loke'smiṁśca yaśaskaram.
5. tat ca tatra kṛtam karma tava api iha sukhāvaham
bhavati amutra ca akṣayyam loke asmin ca yaśaskaram
5. And that deed (karma) performed there is conducive to your happiness even in this world. Furthermore, it becomes inexhaustible in the other world and brings fame in this world.
एष चैव गुरुर्धर्मो यं प्रवक्षाम्यहं तव ।
अर्थश्च तव धर्मश्च भूयानत्र प्रदृश्यते ॥६॥
6. eṣa caiva gururdharmo yaṁ pravakṣāmyahaṁ tava ,
arthaśca tava dharmaśca bhūyānatra pradṛśyate.
6. eṣaḥ ca eva guruḥ dharmaḥ yam pravakṣyāmi aham tava
arthaḥ ca tava dharmaḥ ca bhūyān atra pradṛśyate
6. And this is the weighty natural law (dharma) that I shall explain to you. Through it, your material prosperity (artha) and moral duty (dharma) are seen to greatly increase here.
यदर्थमिष्यते भार्या प्राप्तः सोऽर्थस्त्वया मयि ।
कन्या चैव कुमारश्च कृताहमनृणा त्वया ॥७॥
7. yadarthamiṣyate bhāryā prāptaḥ so'rthastvayā mayi ,
kanyā caiva kumāraśca kṛtāhamanṛṇā tvayā.
7. yat artham iṣyate bhāryā prāptaḥ saḥ arthaḥ tvayā
mayi | kanyā ca eva kumāraḥ ca kṛtā aham anṛṇā tvayā
7. The purpose for which a wife is desired—that very purpose has been fulfilled by you through me. You have made me free from debt by providing both a daughter and a son.
समर्थः पोषणे चासि सुतयो रक्षणे तथा ।
न त्वहं सुतयोः शक्ता तथा रक्षणपोषणे ॥८॥
8. samarthaḥ poṣaṇe cāsi sutayo rakṣaṇe tathā ,
na tvahaṁ sutayoḥ śaktā tathā rakṣaṇapoṣaṇe.
8. samarthaḥ poṣaṇe ca asi sutayoḥ rakṣaṇe tathā
| na tu aham sutayoḥ śaktā tathā rakṣaṇa-poṣaṇe
8. You are capable of nourishing and protecting our two children. However, I am not similarly capable of their protection and nourishment.
मम हि त्वद्विहीनायाः सर्वकामा न आपदः ।
कथं स्यातां सुतौ बालौ भवेयं च कथं त्वहम् ॥९॥
9. mama hi tvadvihīnāyāḥ sarvakāmā na āpadaḥ ,
kathaṁ syātāṁ sutau bālau bhaveyaṁ ca kathaṁ tvaham.
9. mama hi tvad-vihīnāyāḥ sarva-kāmāḥ na āpadaḥ |
katham syātām sutau bālau bhaveyam ca katham tu aham
9. Indeed, for me, deprived of you, all desires will vanish, and only misfortunes will arise. How will the two young children survive? And how will I fare?
कथं हि विधवानाथा बालपुत्रा विना त्वया ।
मिथुनं जीवयिष्यामि स्थिता साधुगते पथि ॥१०॥
10. kathaṁ hi vidhavānāthā bālaputrā vinā tvayā ,
mithunaṁ jīvayiṣyāmi sthitā sādhugate pathi.
10. katham hi vidhavā-anāthā bāla-putrā vinā tvayā
| mithunam jīvayisyāmi sthitā sādhu-gate pathi
10. Indeed, how shall I, a helpless widow with young children and without you, be able to sustain this pair (of children) while remaining on the path of the virtuous?
अहंकृतावलिप्तैश्च प्रार्थ्यमानामिमां सुताम् ।
अयुक्तैस्तव संबन्धे कथं शक्ष्यामि रक्षितुम् ॥११॥
11. ahaṁkṛtāvaliptaiśca prārthyamānāmimāṁ sutām ,
ayuktaistava saṁbandhe kathaṁ śakṣyāmi rakṣitum.
11. ahaṃkṛta-avaliptaiḥ ca prārthyamānām imām sutām |
ayuktaiḥ tava sambandhe katham śakṣyāmi rakṣitum
11. And how shall I be able to protect this daughter, who will be courted by arrogant, conceited, and unworthy men desiring an alliance with your family?
उत्सृष्टमामिषं भूमौ प्रार्थयन्ति यथा खगाः ।
प्रार्थयन्ति जनाः सर्वे वीरहीनां तथा स्त्रियम् ॥१२॥
12. utsṛṣṭamāmiṣaṁ bhūmau prārthayanti yathā khagāḥ ,
prārthayanti janāḥ sarve vīrahīnāṁ tathā striyam.
12. utsṛṣṭam āmiṣam bhūmau prārthayanti yathā khagāḥ
prārthayanti janāḥ sarve vīrahīnām tathā striyam
12. Just as birds desire meat (āmiṣa) thrown on the ground, all people similarly desire a woman who is without a protector.
साहं विचाल्यमाना वै प्रार्थ्यमाना दुरात्मभिः ।
स्थातुं पथि न शक्ष्यामि सज्जनेष्टे द्विजोत्तम ॥१३॥
13. sāhaṁ vicālyamānā vai prārthyamānā durātmabhiḥ ,
sthātuṁ pathi na śakṣyāmi sajjaneṣṭe dvijottama.
13. sā aham vicālyamānā vai prārthyamānā durātmabhiḥ
sthātum pathi na śakṣyāmi sajjanaiṣṭe dvijottama
13. I, who am being troubled and entreated by wicked people (durātmā), will surely not be able to remain on the path desired by good people, O best of the twice-born (dvijottama)!
कथं तव कुलस्यैकामिमां बालामसंस्कृताम् ।
पितृपैतामहे मार्गे नियोक्तुमहमुत्सहे ॥१४॥
14. kathaṁ tava kulasyaikāmimāṁ bālāmasaṁskṛtām ,
pitṛpaitāmahe mārge niyoktumahamutsahe.
14. katham tava kulasya ekām imām bālām asaṃskṛtām
pitṛpaitāmahe mārge niyoktum aham utsahe
14. How can I, being uninitiated (asaṃskṛtām), engage this single young girl of your family on the ancestral path?
कथं शक्ष्यामि बालेऽस्मिन्गुणानाधातुमीप्षितान् ।
अनाथे सर्वतो लुप्ते यथा त्वं धर्मदर्शिवान् ॥१५॥
15. kathaṁ śakṣyāmi bāle'sminguṇānādhātumīpṣitān ,
anāthe sarvato lupte yathā tvaṁ dharmadarśivān.
15. katham śakṣyāmi bāle asmin guṇān ādhātum īpsitān
anāthe sarvataḥ lupte yathā tvam dharmadarśivān
15. How will I be able to implant desired qualities (guṇa) in this child who is orphaned and completely deprived, just as you, who perceive natural law (dharma), would?
इमामपि च ते बालामनाथां परिभूय माम् ।
अनर्हाः प्रार्थयिष्यन्ति शूद्रा वेदश्रुतिं यथा ॥१६॥
16. imāmapi ca te bālāmanāthāṁ paribhūya mām ,
anarhāḥ prārthayiṣyanti śūdrā vedaśrutiṁ yathā.
16. imām api ca te bālām anāthām paribhūya mām
anarhāḥ prārthayiṣyanti śūdrāḥ vedaśrutim yathā
16. And also, unworthy individuals will seek this young girl of yours, who is unprotected, just as śūdras (śūdra) seek to hear the Vedas. They will do this by disregarding me.
तां चेदहं न दित्सेयं त्वद्गुणैरुपबृंहिताम् ।
प्रमथ्यैनां हरेयुस्ते हविर्ध्वाङ्क्षा इवाध्वरात् ॥१७॥
17. tāṁ cedahaṁ na ditseyaṁ tvadguṇairupabṛṁhitām ,
pramathyaināṁ hareyuste havirdhvāṅkṣā ivādhvarāt.
17. tām cet aham na ditseyam tvadguṇaiḥ upabṛṃhitām
pramathya enām hareyuḥ te havirdhvāṅkṣāḥ iva adhvarāt
17. If I do not give her, endowed with your excellent qualities, they would forcefully seize her, just as crows snatch the offering from a sacred fire (yajña).
संप्रेक्षमाणा पुत्रं ते नानुरूपमिवात्मनः ।
अनर्हवशमापन्नामिमां चापि सुतां तव ॥१८॥
18. saṁprekṣamāṇā putraṁ te nānurūpamivātmanaḥ ,
anarhavaśamāpannāmimāṁ cāpi sutāṁ tava.
18. samprekṣamāṇā putram te na anurūpam iva ātmanaḥ
anarhavasam āpannām imām ca api sutām tava
18. Observing your son to be as if unsuitable for herself, and this daughter of yours fallen under unworthy control...
अवज्ञाता च लोकस्य तथात्मानमजानती ।
अवलिप्तैर्नरैर्ब्रह्मन्मरिष्यामि न संशयः ॥१९॥
19. avajñātā ca lokasya tathātmānamajānatī ,
avaliptairnarairbrahmanmariṣyāmi na saṁśayaḥ.
19. avajñātā ca lokasya tathā ātmanam ajānatī
avaliptaiḥ naraiḥ brahman mariṣyāmi na saṃśayaḥ
19. Despised by the world and not knowing herself, O Brahmin, I will surely die at the hands of arrogant men; there is no doubt.
तौ विहीनौ मया बालौ त्वया चैव ममात्मजौ ।
विनश्येतां न संदेहो मत्स्याविव जलक्षये ॥२०॥
20. tau vihīnau mayā bālau tvayā caiva mamātmajau ,
vinaśyetāṁ na saṁdeho matsyāviva jalakṣaye.
20. tau vihīnau mayā bālau tvayā ca eva mama ātmajau
vinaśyetām na saṃdehaḥ matsyau iva jalakṣaye
20. Those two children of mine, deprived of both me and you, would certainly perish, just like two fish when their water dries up.
त्रितयं सर्वथाप्येवं विनशिष्यत्यसंशयम् ।
त्वया विहीनं तस्मात्त्वं मां परित्यक्तुमर्हसि ॥२१॥
21. tritayaṁ sarvathāpyevaṁ vinaśiṣyatyasaṁśayam ,
tvayā vihīnaṁ tasmāttvaṁ māṁ parityaktumarhasi.
21. tritayam sarvathā api evam vinaśiṣyati asaṃśayam
tvayā vihīnam tasmāt tvam mām parityaktum arhasi
21. This trio will undoubtedly perish in every way if deprived of you. Therefore, you ought to abandon me.
व्युष्टिरेषा परा स्त्रीणां पूर्वं भर्तुः परा गतिः ।
न तु ब्राह्मण पुत्राणां विषये परिवर्तितुम् ॥२२॥
22. vyuṣṭireṣā parā strīṇāṁ pūrvaṁ bhartuḥ parā gatiḥ ,
na tu brāhmaṇa putrāṇāṁ viṣaye parivartitum.
22. vyuṣṭiḥ eṣā parā strīṇām pūrvam bhartuḥ parā
gatiḥ na tu brāhmaṇa putrāṇām viṣaye parivartitum
22. This is the supreme attainment for women: the husband is their ultimate refuge, as it has been traditionally. However, it is not for the sons of Brahmins to alter this matter.
परित्यक्तः सुतश्चायं दुहितेयं तथा मया ।
बान्धवाश्च परित्यक्तास्त्वदर्थं जीवितं च मे ॥२३॥
23. parityaktaḥ sutaścāyaṁ duhiteyaṁ tathā mayā ,
bāndhavāśca parityaktāstvadarthaṁ jīvitaṁ ca me.
23. parityaktaḥ sutaḥ ca ayam duhitā iyam tathā mayā
bāndhavāḥ ca parityaktāḥ tvadartham jīvitam ca me
23. This son has been abandoned by me, and this daughter likewise. My relatives have also been abandoned, and my life is dedicated for you.
यज्ञैस्तपोभिर्नियमैर्दानैश्च विविधैस्तथा ।
विशिष्यते स्त्रिया भर्तुर्नित्यं प्रियहिते स्थितिः ॥२४॥
24. yajñaistapobhirniyamairdānaiśca vividhaistathā ,
viśiṣyate striyā bharturnityaṁ priyahite sthitiḥ.
24. yajñaiḥ tapobhiḥ niyamaiḥ dānaiḥ ca vividhaiḥ tathā
viśiṣyate striyā bhartuḥ nityam priyahite sthitiḥ
24. A wife's constant devotion to her husband's well-being excels even sacrificial rituals (yajña), austerities (tapas), [religious] vows, and various charities.
तदिदं यच्चिकीर्षामि धर्म्यं परमसंमतम् ।
इष्टं चैव हितं चैव तव चैव कुलस्य च ॥२५॥
25. tadidaṁ yaccikīrṣāmi dharmyaṁ paramasaṁmatam ,
iṣṭaṁ caiva hitaṁ caiva tava caiva kulasya ca.
25. tat idam yat cikīrṣāmi dharmyam paramasammatam
iṣṭam ca eva hitam ca eva tava ca eva kulasya ca
25. This is what I wish to do, and it is righteous (dharmya) and highly approved. Indeed, it is desired and beneficial for both you and your family.
इष्टानि चाप्यपत्यानि द्रव्याणि सुहृदः प्रियाः ।
आपद्धर्मविमोक्षाय भार्या चापि सतां मतम् ॥२६॥
26. iṣṭāni cāpyapatyāni dravyāṇi suhṛdaḥ priyāḥ ,
āpaddharmavimokṣāya bhāryā cāpi satāṁ matam.
26. iṣṭāni ca api apatyāni dravyāṇi suhṛdaḥ priyāḥ
āpaddharmavimokṣāya bhāryā ca api satām matam
26. Desired children, wealth, and dear friends are important; but a wife is considered by the virtuous to be [especially important] for deliverance from a dire situation (āpaddharma).
एकतो वा कुलं कृत्स्नमात्मा वा कुलवर्धन ।
न समं सर्वमेवेति बुधानामेष निश्चयः ॥२७॥
27. ekato vā kulaṁ kṛtsnamātmā vā kulavardhana ,
na samaṁ sarvameveti budhānāmeṣa niścayaḥ.
27. ekataḥ vā kulam kṛtsnam ātmā vā kulavardhanaḥ
na samam sarvam eva iti budhānām eṣaḥ niścayaḥ
27. The wise are firmly convinced that the entire family, on one hand, or the self (ātman) that enhances the family's prosperity, on the other, are not equal; all these (family matters) are not equivalent (to the self's well-being).
स कुरुष्व मया कार्यं तारयात्मानमात्मना ।
अनुजानीहि मामार्य सुतौ मे परिरक्ष च ॥२८॥
28. sa kuruṣva mayā kāryaṁ tārayātmānamātmanā ,
anujānīhi māmārya sutau me parirakṣa ca.
28. saḥ kuruṣva mayā kāryam tāraya ātmānam ātmanā
anujānīhi mām ārya sutau me parirakṣa ca
28. Therefore, accomplish the task for me, and save yourself (ātman) by your own efforts. O noble one, grant me permission (to depart) and protect my two sons.
अवध्याः स्त्रिय इत्याहुर्धर्मज्ञा धर्मनिश्चये ।
धर्मज्ञान्राक्षसानाहुर्न हन्यात्स च मामपि ॥२९॥
29. avadhyāḥ striya ityāhurdharmajñā dharmaniścaye ,
dharmajñānrākṣasānāhurna hanyātsa ca māmapi.
29. avadhyāḥ striyaḥ iti āhuḥ dharmajñāḥ dharmaniścaye
dharmajñān rākṣasān āhuḥ na hanyāt saḥ ca mām api
29. Those who understand natural law (dharma) declare, in their ascertainment of what is righteous (dharma), that women are not to be slain. They even acknowledge rākṣasas as knowers of natural law (dharma). Therefore, he should not kill me either.
निःसंशयो वधः पुंसां स्त्रीणां संशयितो वधः ।
अतो मामेव धर्मज्ञ प्रस्थापयितुमर्हसि ॥३०॥
30. niḥsaṁśayo vadhaḥ puṁsāṁ strīṇāṁ saṁśayito vadhaḥ ,
ato māmeva dharmajña prasthāpayitumarhasi.
30. niḥsaṃśayaḥ vadhaḥ puṃsām strīṇām saṃśayitaḥ vadhaḥ
ataḥ mām eva dharmajña prasthāpayitum arhasi
30. The killing of men is certain, but the killing of women is questionable. Therefore, O knower of natural law (dharma), you ought to send me away.
भुक्तं प्रियाण्यवाप्तानि धर्मश्च चरितो मया ।
त्वत्प्रसूतिः प्रिया प्राप्ता न मां तप्स्यत्यजीवितम् ॥३१॥
31. bhuktaṁ priyāṇyavāptāni dharmaśca carito mayā ,
tvatprasūtiḥ priyā prāptā na māṁ tapsyatyajīvitam.
31. bhuktam priyāṇi avāptāni dharmaḥ ca caritaḥ mayā
tvatprasūtiḥ priyā prāptā na mām tapsyati ajīvitam
31. I have enjoyed cherished things, obtained beloved objects, and fulfilled my duties according to natural law (dharma). Your dear progeny has been born (or received) through me. Therefore, the prospect of not being alive (ajīvitam) will not cause me distress.
जातपुत्रा च वृद्धा च प्रियकामा च ते सदा ।
समीक्ष्यैतदहं सर्वं व्यवसायं करोम्यतः ॥३२॥
32. jātaputrā ca vṛddhā ca priyakāmā ca te sadā ,
samīkṣyaitadahaṁ sarvaṁ vyavasāyaṁ karomyataḥ.
32. jātaputrā ca vṛddhā ca priyakāmā ca te sadā |
samīkṣya etat aham sarvam vyavasāyam karomi ataḥ
32. Having considered all this—that I have borne sons, am old, and always desire your welfare—I therefore make this resolve.
उत्सृज्यापि च मामार्य वेत्स्यस्यन्यामपि स्त्रियम् ।
ततः प्रतिष्ठितो धर्मो भविष्यति पुनस्तव ॥३३॥
33. utsṛjyāpi ca māmārya vetsyasyanyāmapi striyam ,
tataḥ pratiṣṭhito dharmo bhaviṣyati punastava.
33. utsṛjya api ca mām ārya vetsyasi anyām api striyam
| tataḥ pratiṣṭhitaḥ dharmaḥ bhaviṣyati punaḥ tava
33. O noble one, even if you abandon me, you will find another woman, and then your natural law (dharma) will be re-established.
न चाप्यधर्मः कल्याण बहुपत्नीकता नृणाम् ।
स्त्रीणामधर्मः सुमहान्भर्तुः पूर्वस्य लङ्घने ॥३४॥
34. na cāpyadharmaḥ kalyāṇa bahupatnīkatā nṛṇām ,
strīṇāmadharmaḥ sumahānbhartuḥ pūrvasya laṅghane.
34. na ca api adharmaḥ kalyāṇa bahupatnīkatā nṛṇām |
strīṇām adharmaḥ sumahān bhartuḥ pūrvasya laṅghane
34. O auspicious one, having many wives is not a wrong (adharma) for men. But for women, transgressing a former husband is a very great wrong (adharma).
एतत्सर्वं समीक्ष्य त्वमात्मत्यागं च गर्हितम् ।
आत्मानं तारय मया कुलं चेमौ च दारकौ ॥३५॥
35. etatsarvaṁ samīkṣya tvamātmatyāgaṁ ca garhitam ,
ātmānaṁ tāraya mayā kulaṁ cemau ca dārakau.
35. etat sarvam samīkṣya tvam ātmatyāgam ca garhitam
| ātmānam tāraya mayā kulam ca imau ca dārakau
35. Having considered all this, and also that self-abandonment (ātmatyāga) is reprehensible, save yourself, the family, and these two sons through me.
वैशंपायन उवाच ।
एवमुक्तस्तया भर्ता तां समालिङ्ग्य भारत ।
मुमोच बाष्पं शनकैः सभार्यो भृशदुःखितः ॥३६॥
36. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
evamuktastayā bhartā tāṁ samāliṅgya bhārata ,
mumoca bāṣpaṁ śanakaiḥ sabhāryo bhṛśaduḥkhitaḥ.
36. vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca | evam uktaḥ tayā bhartā tām samāliṅgya
bhārata | mumocha bāṣpam śanakaiḥ sabhāryaḥ bhṛśaduḥkhitaḥ
36. Vaiśampāyana said: O Bhārata, thus addressed by her, the husband embraced her. Deeply distressed, he slowly shed tears, accompanied by his wife.