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महाभारतः       mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-169

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युधिष्ठिर उवाच ।
अतिक्रामति कालेऽस्मिन्सर्वभूतक्षयावहे ।
किं श्रेयः प्रतिपद्येत तन्मे ब्रूहि पितामह ॥१॥
1. yudhiṣṭhira uvāca ,
atikrāmati kāle'sminsarvabhūtakṣayāvahe ,
kiṁ śreyaḥ pratipadyeta tanme brūhi pitāmaha.
1. yudhiṣṭhiraḥ uvāca | atikrāmati kāle asmin sarvabhūta-kṣayāvahe
| kim śreyaḥ pratipadyeta tat me brūhi pitāmaha
1. yudhiṣṭhiraḥ uvāca.
pitāmaha,
sarvabhūta-kṣayāvahe asmin kāle atikrāmati,
kim śreyaḥ pratipadyeta? tat me brūhi.
1. Yudhiṣṭhira said: O grandfather, in this passing time which brings about the destruction of all beings, what is the supreme good (śreyaḥ) one should pursue? Tell me that.
भीष्म उवाच ।
अत्राप्युदाहरन्तीममितिहासं पुरातनम् ।
पितुः पुत्रेण संवादं तन्निबोध युधिष्ठिर ॥२॥
2. bhīṣma uvāca ,
atrāpyudāharantīmamitihāsaṁ purātanam ,
pituḥ putreṇa saṁvādaṁ tannibodha yudhiṣṭhira.
2. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca | atra api udāharanti imam itihāsam
purātanam | pituḥ putreṇa saṃvādaṃ tat nibodha yudhiṣṭhira
2. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca.
atra api imam purātanam itihāsam pituḥ putreṇa saṃvādaṃ (ca) udāharanti.
he yudhiṣṭhira,
tat nibodha.
2. Bhīṣma said: In this regard, they also relate this ancient story (itihāsa), a dialogue between a father and a son. Listen to that, O Yudhiṣṭhira.
द्विजातेः कस्यचित्पार्थ स्वाध्यायनिरतस्य वै ।
बभूव पुत्रो मेधावी मेधावी नाम नामतः ॥३॥
3. dvijāteḥ kasyacitpārtha svādhyāyaniratasya vai ,
babhūva putro medhāvī medhāvī nāma nāmataḥ.
3. dvijāteḥ kasyacit pārtha svādhyāyaniratasya
vai babhūva putraḥ medhāvī medhāvī nāma nāmataḥ
3. pārtha kasyacit svādhyāyaniratasya vai dvijāteḥ
medhāvī nāma nāmataḥ medhāvī putraḥ babhūva
3. O Pārtha, a certain twice-born (dvijāti) man, who was devoted to his Vedic studies (svādhyāya), indeed had an intelligent son named Medhāvī.
सोऽब्रवीत्पितरं पुत्रः स्वाध्यायकरणे रतम् ।
मोक्षधर्मार्थकुशलो लोकतत्त्वविचक्षणः ॥४॥
4. so'bravītpitaraṁ putraḥ svādhyāyakaraṇe ratam ,
mokṣadharmārthakuśalo lokatattvavicakṣaṇaḥ.
4. saḥ abravīt pitaram putraḥ svādhyāyakaraṇe ratam
mokṣadharmārthakuśalaḥ lokatattvavicakṣaṇaḥ
4. mokṣadharmārthakuśalaḥ lokatattvavicakṣaṇaḥ
putraḥ svādhyāyakaraṇe ratam pitaram saḥ abravīt
4. The son, expert in the principles of liberation (mokṣa), natural law (dharma), and worldly aims (artha), and discerning of the true nature of the world, spoke to his father, who was absorbed in his Vedic studies (svādhyāya).
धीरः किं स्वित्तात कुर्यात्प्रजानन्क्षिप्रं ह्यायुर्भ्रश्यते मानवानाम् ।
पितस्तदाचक्ष्व यथार्थयोगं ममानुपूर्व्या येन धर्मं चरेयम् ॥५॥
5. dhīraḥ kiṁ svittāta kuryātprajāna;nkṣipraṁ hyāyurbhraśyate mānavānām ,
pitastadācakṣva yathārthayogaṁ; mamānupūrvyā yena dharmaṁ careyam.
5. dhīraḥ kim svit tāta kuryāt prajānan
kṣipram hi āyuḥ bhraśyate mānavānām
pitaḥ tat ācakṣva yathārthayogam
mama anupūrvyā yena dharmam careyam
5. tāta mānavānām āyuḥ kṣipram hi
bhraśyate prajānan dhīraḥ kim svit kuryāt
pitaḥ mama anupūrvyā yena dharmam
careyam tat yathārthayogam ācakṣva
5. O father (tāta), what indeed should a steadfast person do, knowing that the lifespan of human beings swiftly diminishes? Therefore, O father (pitas), explain to me the true path in due order, by which I may practice my intrinsic nature (dharma).
पितोवाच ।
वेदानधीत्य ब्रह्मचर्येण पुत्र पुत्रानिच्छेत्पावनार्थं पितॄणाम् ।
अग्नीनाधाय विधिवच्चेष्टयज्ञो वनं प्रविश्याथ मुनिर्बुभूषेत् ॥६॥
6. pitovāca ,
vedānadhītya brahmacaryeṇa putra; putrānicchetpāvanārthaṁ pitṝṇām ,
agnīnādhāya vidhivacceṣṭayajño; vanaṁ praviśyātha munirbubhūṣet.
6. pitā uvāca vedān adhītya brahmacaryeṇa
putra putrān icchet pāvanārtham
pitṝṇām agnīn ādhāya vidhivat ca iṣṭayajñaḥ
vanam praviśya atha muniḥ bubhūṣet
6. pitā uvāca putra brahmacaryeṇa vedān
adhītya pitṝṇām pāvanārtham putrān
icchet agnīn ādhāya vidhivat ca iṣṭayajñaḥ
atha vanam praviśya muniḥ bubhūṣet
6. The father said: 'O son, having studied the Vedas while observing celibacy (brahmacarya), one should desire sons for the purification of the ancestors (pitṛ). Then, having established the sacred fires and properly performed Vedic rituals (yajña), one should enter the forest and strive to become a sage (muni).'
पुत्र उवाच ।
एवमभ्याहते लोके समन्तात्परिवारिते ।
अमोघासु पतन्तीषु किं धीर इव भाषसे ॥७॥
7. putra uvāca ,
evamabhyāhate loke samantātparivārite ,
amoghāsu patantīṣu kiṁ dhīra iva bhāṣase.
7. putra uvāca evam abhyāhate loke samantāt parivārite
amoghāsu patantīṣu kim dhīra iva bhāṣase
7. putra uvāca evam abhyāhate samantāt parivārite
loke amoghāsu patantīṣu kim dhīra iva bhāṣase
7. The son said: When the world is thus afflicted and besieged on all sides, and unfailing (calamities) are falling, why do you speak as if you were a resolute person?
पितोवाच ।
कथमभ्याहतो लोकः केन वा परिवारितः ।
अमोघाः काः पतन्तीह किं नु भीषयसीव माम् ॥८॥
8. pitovāca ,
kathamabhyāhato lokaḥ kena vā parivāritaḥ ,
amoghāḥ kāḥ patantīha kiṁ nu bhīṣayasīva mām.
8. pitā uvāca katham abhyāhataḥ lokaḥ kena vā parivāritaḥ
amoghāḥ kāḥ patanti iha kim nu bhīṣayasi iva mām
8. pitā uvāca lokaḥ katham abhyāhataḥ vā kena parivāritaḥ
iha kāḥ amoghāḥ patanti nu mām iva kim bhīṣayasi
8. The father said: How is the world afflicted? By what is it surrounded? What are these unfailing (calamities) that are falling here? Why, indeed, do you try to frighten me like this?
पुत्र उवाच ।
मृत्युनाभ्याहतो लोको जरया परिवारितः ।
अहोरात्राः पतन्त्येते ननु कस्मान्न बुध्यसे ॥९॥
9. putra uvāca ,
mṛtyunābhyāhato loko jarayā parivāritaḥ ,
ahorātrāḥ patantyete nanu kasmānna budhyase.
9. putra uvāca mṛtyunā abhyāhataḥ lokaḥ jarayā parivāritaḥ
ahorātrāḥ patanti ete nanu kasmāt na budhyase
9. putra uvāca lokaḥ mṛtyunā abhyāhataḥ jarayā parivāritaḥ
ete ahorātrāḥ patanti nanu kasmāt na budhyase
9. The son said: The world is afflicted by death and encompassed by old age. These days and nights are constantly passing. Why, then, do you not comprehend this reality?
यदाहमेतज्जानामि न मृत्युस्तिष्ठतीति ह ।
सोऽहं कथं प्रतीक्षिष्ये जालेनापिहितश्चरन् ॥१०॥
10. yadāhametajjānāmi na mṛtyustiṣṭhatīti ha ,
so'haṁ kathaṁ pratīkṣiṣye jālenāpihitaścaran.
10. yadā aham etat jānāmi na mṛtyuḥ tiṣṭhati iti ha
saḥ aham katham pratīkṣiṣye jālena apihitaḥ caran
10. yadā aham etat jānāmi yat mṛtyuḥ na tiṣṭhati iti ha
tadā jālena apihitaḥ caran saḥ aham katham pratīkṣiṣye
10. Indeed, when I know that death certainly does not stand still, how can I, who am living as if ensnared by a net, merely wait?
रात्र्यां रात्र्यां व्यतीतायामायुरल्पतरं यदा ।
गाधोदके मत्स्य इव सुखं विन्देत कस्तदा ।
तदेव वन्ध्यं दिवसमिति विद्याद्विचक्षणः ॥११॥
11. rātryāṁ rātryāṁ vyatītāyāmāyuralpataraṁ yadā ,
gādhodake matsya iva sukhaṁ vindeta kastadā ,
tadeva vandhyaṁ divasamiti vidyādvicakṣaṇaḥ.
11. rātryām rātryām vyatītāyām āyuḥ
alpataram yadā gādha udake matsyaḥ iva
sukham vindeta kaḥ tadā tat eva
vandhyam divasam iti vidyāt vicakṣaṇaḥ
11. vicakṣaṇaḥ vidyāt yadā rātryām rātryām
vyatītāyām āyuḥ alpataram tadā
gādha udake matsyaḥ iva kaḥ sukham
vindeta iti tat eva divasam vandhyam
11. When night after night passes, and life becomes shorter, who then can find happiness, like a fish in shallow water? A discerning person (vicakṣaṇa) should know that such a day is indeed unproductive.
अनवाप्तेषु कामेषु मृत्युरभ्येति मानवम् ।
शष्पाणीव विचिन्वन्तमन्यत्रगतमानसम् ।
वृकीवोरणमासाद्य मृत्युरादाय गच्छति ॥१२॥
12. anavāpteṣu kāmeṣu mṛtyurabhyeti mānavam ,
śaṣpāṇīva vicinvantamanyatragatamānasam ,
vṛkīvoraṇamāsādya mṛtyurādāya gacchati.
12. anavāpteṣu kāmeṣu mṛtyuḥ abhyeti
mānavam śaṣpāṇi iva vicinvantam
anyatragatamānasam vṛkī iva uraṇam
āsādya mṛtyuḥ ādāya gacchati
12. mṛtyuḥ abhyeti mānavam anavāpteṣu
kāmeṣu śaṣpāṇi iva vicinvantam
anyatragatamānasam vṛkī iva uraṇam
āsādya mṛtyuḥ ādāya gacchati
12. Death approaches a human whose desires remain unfulfilled, just as it does one whose mind is distracted while gathering tender grass. Like a she-wolf seizing a ram, death carries him away.
अद्यैव कुरु यच्छ्रेयो मा त्वा कालोऽत्यगादयम् ।
अकृतेष्वेव कार्येषु मृत्युर्वै संप्रकर्षति ॥१३॥
13. adyaiva kuru yacchreyo mā tvā kālo'tyagādayam ,
akṛteṣveva kāryeṣu mṛtyurvai saṁprakarṣati.
13. adya eva kuru yat śreyaḥ mā tvā kālaḥ atyagāt
ayam akṛteṣu eva kāryeṣu mṛtyuḥ vai saṃprakarṣati
13. adya eva yat śreyaḥ kuru mā tvā kālaḥ atyagāt
ayam akṛteṣu eva kāryeṣu mṛtyuḥ vai saṃprakarṣati
13. Do today what is good (śreyas), lest this time pass you by. For death indeed seizes (saṃprakarṣati) one while tasks remain unfinished.
श्वःकार्यमद्य कुर्वीत पूर्वाह्णे चापराह्णिकम् ।
न हि प्रतीक्षते मृत्युः कृतं वास्य न वा कृतम् ।
को हि जानाति कस्याद्य मृत्युसेना निवेक्ष्यते ॥१४॥
14. śvaḥkāryamadya kurvīta pūrvāhṇe cāparāhṇikam ,
na hi pratīkṣate mṛtyuḥ kṛtaṁ vāsya na vā kṛtam ,
ko hi jānāti kasyādya mṛtyusenā nivekṣyate.
14. śvaḥkāryam adya kurvīta pūrvāhṇe ca
aparāhṇikam na hi pratīkṣate mṛtyuḥ
kṛtam vā asya na vā kṛtam kaḥ hi
jānāti kasya adya mṛtyusenā nivekṣyate
14. adya śvaḥkāryam kurvīta ca pūrvāhṇe
aparāhṇikam hi mṛtyuḥ asya kṛtam vā
na vā kṛtam na pratīkṣate hi kaḥ
jānāti adya kasya mṛtyusenā nivekṣyate
14. One should do today what is to be done tomorrow, and in the forenoon, what is for the afternoon. For death does not wait, regardless of whether one's tasks are completed or not. Who indeed knows for whom the army of death will be stationed today?
युवैव धर्मशीलः स्यादनिमित्तं हि जीवितम् ।
कृते धर्मे भवेत्कीर्तिरिह प्रेत्य च वै सुखम् ॥१५॥
15. yuvaiva dharmaśīlaḥ syādanimittaṁ hi jīvitam ,
kṛte dharme bhavetkīrtiriha pretya ca vai sukham.
15. yuvā eva dharmaśīlaḥ syāt animittam hi jīvitam
kṛte dharme bhavet kīrtiḥ iha pretya ca vai sukham
15. yuvā eva dharmaśīlaḥ syāt hi jīvitam animittam
kṛte dharme kīrtiḥ bhavet ca iha pretya vai sukham
15. One should be devoted to one's intrinsic nature (dharma) even while young, for life is indeed uncertain. By acting in accordance with one's intrinsic nature (dharma), one gains renown, and truly, happiness follows both in this world and after death.
मोहेन हि समाविष्टः पुत्रदारार्थमुद्यतः ।
कृत्वा कार्यमकार्यं वा पुष्टिमेषां प्रयच्छति ॥१६॥
16. mohena hi samāviṣṭaḥ putradārārthamudyataḥ ,
kṛtvā kāryamakāryaṁ vā puṣṭimeṣāṁ prayacchati.
16. mohena hi samāviṣṭaḥ putradārārtham udyataḥ
kṛtvā kāryam akāryam vā puṣṭim eṣām prayacchati
16. hi mohena samāviṣṭaḥ putradārārtham udyataḥ
kāryam akāryam vā kṛtvā eṣām puṣṭim prayacchati
16. Indeed, a person enveloped by delusion (moha), striving for the sake of his sons and wife, provides for their sustenance, having done either what is proper or improper.
तं पुत्रपशुसंमत्तं व्यासक्तमनसं नरम् ।
सुप्तं व्याघ्रं महौघो वा मृत्युरादाय गच्छति ॥१७॥
17. taṁ putrapaśusaṁmattaṁ vyāsaktamanasaṁ naram ,
suptaṁ vyāghraṁ mahaugho vā mṛtyurādāya gacchati.
17. tam putrapaśusaṃmattam vyāsaktamanasam naram suptam
vyāghram mahā oghaḥ vā mṛtyuḥ ādāya gacchati
17. mṛtyuḥ tam putrapaśusaṃmattam vyāsaktamanasam
naram ādāya gacchati vā mahā oghaḥ suptam vyāghram
17. Death takes away that man whose mind is engrossed in sons and cattle and deeply attached, just as a great flood carries away a sleeping tiger.
संचिन्वानकमेवैकं कामानामवितृप्तकम् ।
व्याघ्रः पशुमिवादाय मृत्युरादाय गच्छति ॥१८॥
18. saṁcinvānakamevaikaṁ kāmānāmavitṛptakam ,
vyāghraḥ paśumivādāya mṛtyurādāya gacchati.
18. saṃcinvānakam eva ekam kāmānām avitṛptakam
vyāghraḥ paśum iva ādāya mṛtyuḥ ādāya gacchati
18. mṛtyuḥ eva ekam saṃcinvānakam kāmānām avitṛptakam [naram]
ādāya gacchati yathā vyāghraḥ paśum iva ādāya gacchati
18. Death takes away that single person who is still accumulating wealth and remains unsatisfied with his desires, just as a tiger carries away an animal.
इदं कृतमिदं कार्यमिदमन्यत्कृताकृतम् ।
एवमीहासुखासक्तं कृतान्तः कुरुते वशे ॥१९॥
19. idaṁ kṛtamidaṁ kāryamidamanyatkṛtākṛtam ,
evamīhāsukhāsaktaṁ kṛtāntaḥ kurute vaśe.
19. idam kṛtam idam kāryam idam anyat kṛtākṛtam
evam īhāsukhāsaktam kṛtāntaḥ kurute vaśe
19. kṛtāntaḥ evam īhāsukhāsaktam (janāḥ) idam kṛtam idam
kāryam idam anyat kṛtākṛtam (iti vadantaḥ) vaśe kurute
19. This has been accomplished; this task remains to be done; and this other thing is either done or not yet done. In this way, destiny (kṛtānta) brings under its control one who is preoccupied with such endeavors and attached to worldly pleasures.
कृतानां फलमप्राप्तं कर्मणां फलसङ्गिनम् ।
क्षेत्रापणगृहासक्तं मृत्युरादाय गच्छति ॥२०॥
20. kṛtānāṁ phalamaprāptaṁ karmaṇāṁ phalasaṅginam ,
kṣetrāpaṇagṛhāsaktaṁ mṛtyurādāya gacchati.
20. kṛtānām phalam aprāptam karmaṇām phalasaṅginam
kṣetrāpaṇagṛhāsaktam mṛtyuḥ ādāya gacchati
20. mṛtyuḥ kṛtānām karmaṇām phalam aprāptam
phalasaṅginam kṣetrāpaṇagṛhāsaktam ādāya gacchati
20. Death carries away a person who, though having performed many actions (karma), has not yet obtained the fruits of those actions, and who remains deeply attached to fields, markets, and homes.
मृत्युर्जरा च व्याधिश्च दुःखं चानेककारणम् ।
अनुषक्तं यदा देहे किं स्वस्थ इव तिष्ठसि ॥२१॥
21. mṛtyurjarā ca vyādhiśca duḥkhaṁ cānekakāraṇam ,
anuṣaktaṁ yadā dehe kiṁ svastha iva tiṣṭhasi.
21. mṛtyuḥ jarā ca vyādhiḥ ca duḥkham ca anekakāraṇam
anuṣaktam yadā dehe kim svasthaḥ iva tiṣṭhasi
21. yadā dehe mṛtyuḥ ca jarā ca vyādhiḥ ca anekakāraṇam duḥkham ca anuṣaktam,
kim svasthaḥ iva tiṣṭhasi
21. When death, old age, disease, and suffering (duḥkha) - which has many causes - are all inherently connected to the body, why do you remain as if you were healthy and at ease?
जातमेवान्तकोऽन्ताय जरा चान्वेति देहिनम् ।
अनुषक्ता द्वयेनैते भावाः स्थावरजङ्गमाः ॥२२॥
22. jātamevāntako'ntāya jarā cānveti dehinam ,
anuṣaktā dvayenaite bhāvāḥ sthāvarajaṅgamāḥ.
22. jātam eva antakaḥ antāya jarā ca anveti dehinam
anuṣaktāḥ dvayena ete bhāvāḥ sthāvarajaṅgamāḥ
22. जातम् एव देहिनम् अन्तकः अन्ताय,
च जरा अन्वेतिद्वयेन एते bhāvāḥ sthāvarajaṅgamāḥ अनुषक्ताः
22. From the moment something is born, Death indeed leads it towards its end, and old age inevitably follows the embodied being. All existing beings - whether stationary or mobile - are inherently linked to these two (death and old age).
मृत्योर्वा गृहमेवैतद्या ग्रामे वसतो रतिः ।
देवानामेष वै गोष्ठो यदरण्यमिति श्रुतिः ॥२३॥
23. mṛtyorvā gṛhamevaitadyā grāme vasato ratiḥ ,
devānāmeṣa vai goṣṭho yadaraṇyamiti śrutiḥ.
23. mṛtyoḥ vā gṛham eva etat yā grāme vasataḥ ratiḥ
devānām eṣaḥ vai goṣṭhaḥ yat araṇyam iti śrutiḥ
23. yā grāme vasataḥ ratiḥ etat mṛtyoḥ gṛham eva
vā eṣaḥ araṇyam devānām goṣṭhaḥ vai iti śrutiḥ
23. Indeed, the attachment that one has to living in a village is itself the very abode of death. This forest, however, is truly the assembly place of the gods - thus is the sacred tradition (śruti).
निबन्धनी रज्जुरेषा या ग्रामे वसतो रतिः ।
छित्त्वैनां सुकृतो यान्ति नैनां छिन्दन्ति दुष्कृतः ॥२४॥
24. nibandhanī rajjureṣā yā grāme vasato ratiḥ ,
chittvaināṁ sukṛto yānti naināṁ chindanti duṣkṛtaḥ.
24. nibandhanī rajjuḥ eṣā yā grāme vasataḥ ratiḥ chittvā
enām sukṛtaḥ yānti na enām chindanti duṣkṛtaḥ
24. yā grāme vasataḥ ratiḥ eṣā nibandhanī rajjuḥ enām
chittvā sukṛtaḥ yānti duṣkṛtaḥ enām na chindanti
24. This attachment (rati) of one dwelling in a village is a binding rope. Having cut this (bond), those who perform good deeds (sukṛta) proceed; those who perform evil deeds (duṣkṛta) do not cut it.
न हिंसयति यः प्राणान्मनोवाक्कायहेतुभिः ।
जीवितार्थापनयनैः कर्मभिर्न स बध्यते ॥२५॥
25. na hiṁsayati yaḥ prāṇānmanovākkāyahetubhiḥ ,
jīvitārthāpanayanaiḥ karmabhirna sa badhyate.
25. na hiṃsayati yaḥ prāṇān manovākkāyahetubhiḥ
jīvitārthāpanayanaiḥ karmabhiḥ na sa badhyate
25. yaḥ manovākkāyahetubhiḥ prāṇān na hiṃsayati
saḥ jīvitārthāpanayanaiḥ karmabhiḥ na badhyate
25. The one who does not harm living beings (prāṇān) through the means of mind, speech, or body - he is not bound by actions (karma) that remove the very purpose of life.
न मृत्युसेनामायान्तीं जातु कश्चित्प्रबाधते ।
ऋते सत्यमसंत्याज्यं सत्ये ह्यमृतमाश्रितम् ॥२६॥
26. na mṛtyusenāmāyāntīṁ jātu kaścitprabādhate ,
ṛte satyamasaṁtyājyaṁ satye hyamṛtamāśritam.
26. na mṛtyusenām āyāntīm jātu kaścit prabādhate
ṛte satyam asaṃtyājyam satye hi amṛtam āśritam
26. kaścit jātu āyāntīm mṛtyusenām na prabādhate
ṛte asaṃtyājyam satyam hi satye amṛtam āśritam
26. No one can ever obstruct the approaching army of death, except for truth (satyam), which is not to be forsaken; for immortality (amṛtam) is indeed founded upon truth.
तस्मात्सत्यव्रताचारः सत्ययोगपरायणः ।
सत्यारामः समो दान्तः सत्येनैवान्तकं जयेत् ॥२७॥
27. tasmātsatyavratācāraḥ satyayogaparāyaṇaḥ ,
satyārāmaḥ samo dāntaḥ satyenaivāntakaṁ jayet.
27. tasmāt satyavratācāraḥ satyayogaparāyaṇaḥ
satyārāmaḥ samaḥ dāntaḥ satyena eva antakam jayet
27. tasmāt satyavratācāraḥ satyayogaparāyaṇaḥ
satyārāmaḥ samaḥ dāntaḥ satyena eva antakam jayet
27. Therefore, one whose conduct is based on truth (satya), who is wholly devoted to the discipline (yoga) of truth, who delights in truth, who is impartial, and self-controlled, should indeed conquer death through truth alone.
अमृतं चैव मृत्युश्च द्वयं देहे प्रतिष्ठितम् ।
मृत्युमापद्यते मोहात्सत्येनापद्यतेऽमृतम् ॥२८॥
28. amṛtaṁ caiva mṛtyuśca dvayaṁ dehe pratiṣṭhitam ,
mṛtyumāpadyate mohātsatyenāpadyate'mṛtam.
28. amṛtam ca eva mṛtyuḥ ca dvayam dehe pratiṣṭhitam
mṛtyum āpadyate mohāt satyena āpadyate amṛtam
28. amṛtam ca eva mṛtyuḥ ca dvayam dehe pratiṣṭhitam
mohāt mṛtyum āpadyate satyena amṛtam āpadyate
28. Both immortality and death are indeed established within the body. One reaches death through delusion, but attains immortality through truth (satya).
सोऽहं ह्यहिंस्रः सत्यार्थी कामक्रोधबहिष्कृतः ।
समदुःखसुखः क्षेमी मृत्युं हास्याम्यमर्त्यवत् ॥२९॥
29. so'haṁ hyahiṁsraḥ satyārthī kāmakrodhabahiṣkṛtaḥ ,
samaduḥkhasukhaḥ kṣemī mṛtyuṁ hāsyāmyamartyavat.
29. saḥ aham hi ahiṃsraḥ satyārthī kāmakrodhabahiṣkṛtaḥ
samaduḥkhasukhaḥ kṣemī mṛtyum hāsyāmi amartyavat
29. saḥ aham hi ahiṃsraḥ satyārthī kāmakrodhabahiṣkṛtaḥ
samaduḥkhasukhaḥ kṣemī amartyavat mṛtyum hāsyāmi
29. Indeed, I, being non-violent, a seeker of truth (satya), free from desire and anger, equanimous in joy and sorrow, and secure, will scorn death as if I were immortal.
शान्तियज्ञरतो दान्तो ब्रह्मयज्ञे स्थितो मुनिः ।
वाङ्मनःकर्मयज्ञश्च भविष्याम्युदगायने ॥३०॥
30. śāntiyajñarato dānto brahmayajñe sthito muniḥ ,
vāṅmanaḥkarmayajñaśca bhaviṣyāmyudagāyane.
30. śāntiyajñarataḥ dāntaḥ brahmayajñe sthitaḥ muniḥ
vāk manas karma yajñaḥ ca bhaviṣyāmi udagāyane
30. udagāyane [aham] śāntiyajñarataḥ dāntaḥ brahmayajñe
sthitaḥ muniḥ ca vāk manas karma yajñaḥ bhaviṣyāmi
30. During the northern course (of the sun) I shall be a self-controlled sage (muni) devoted to Vedic rituals (yajña) for peace and abiding in the Vedic ritual (yajña) of Brahman (Vedic study). I shall also be one whose speech, mind, and actions constitute a Vedic ritual (yajña).
पशुयज्ञैः कथं हिंस्रैर्मादृशो यष्टुमर्हति ।
अन्तवद्भिरुत प्राज्ञः क्षत्रयज्ञैः पिशाचवत् ॥३१॥
31. paśuyajñaiḥ kathaṁ hiṁsrairmādṛśo yaṣṭumarhati ,
antavadbhiruta prājñaḥ kṣatrayajñaiḥ piśācavat.
31. paśuyajñaiḥ kathaṃ hiṃsraiḥ mādṛśaḥ yaṣṭum arhati
antavadbhiḥ uta prājñaḥ kṣatrayajñaiḥ piśācavat
31. mādṛśaḥ kathaṃ hiṃsraiḥ paśuyajñaiḥ yaṣṭum arhati uta
prājñaḥ antavadbhiḥ kṣatrayajñaiḥ piśācavat (yastuṃ) arhati
31. How can someone like me be fit to perform violent animal Vedic rituals (yajña)? And how can a wise person engage in transient, demon-like kṣatriya Vedic rituals (yajña)?
यस्य वाङ्मनसी स्यातां सम्यक्प्रणिहिते सदा ।
तपस्त्यागश्च योगश्च स वै सर्वमवाप्नुयात् ॥३२॥
32. yasya vāṅmanasī syātāṁ samyakpraṇihite sadā ,
tapastyāgaśca yogaśca sa vai sarvamavāpnuyāt.
32. yasya vāk manasī syātām samyak praṇihite sadā
tapaḥ tyāgaḥ ca yogaḥ ca saḥ vai sarvam avāpnuyāt
32. yasya vāk manasī sadā samyak praṇihite syātām ca,
saḥ vai sarvam avāpnuyāt (yasmin) tapaḥ tyāgaḥ ca yogaḥ ca (vidyate)
32. He whose speech and mind are always perfectly disciplined, and who embodies austerity (tapas), renunciation, and spiritual discipline (yoga), that person indeed attains everything.
नास्ति विद्यासमं चक्षुर्नास्ति विद्यासमं बलम् ।
नास्ति रागसमं दुःखं नास्ति त्यागसमं सुखम् ॥३३॥
33. nāsti vidyāsamaṁ cakṣurnāsti vidyāsamaṁ balam ,
nāsti rāgasamaṁ duḥkhaṁ nāsti tyāgasamaṁ sukham.
33. na asti vidyāsamam cakṣuḥ na asti vidyāsamam balam
na asti rāgasamam duḥkham na asti tyāgasamam sukham
33. vidyāsamam cakṣuḥ na asti vidyāsamam balam na asti
rāgasamam duḥkham na asti tyāgasamam sukham na asti
33. There is no eye equal to knowledge. There is no strength equal to knowledge. There is no sorrow equal to attachment. There is no happiness equal to renunciation.
आत्मन्येवात्मना जात आत्मनिष्ठोऽप्रजोऽपि वा ।
आत्मन्येव भविष्यामि न मां तारयति प्रजा ॥३४॥
34. ātmanyevātmanā jāta ātmaniṣṭho'prajo'pi vā ,
ātmanyeva bhaviṣyāmi na māṁ tārayati prajā.
34. ātmani eva ātmanā jātaḥ ātmaniṣṭhaḥ aprajaḥ api
vā ātmani eva bhaviṣyāmi na mām tārayati prajā
34. (aham) ātmanā ātmani eva jātaḥ,
ātmaniṣṭhaḥ (ca asmi),
aprajaḥ api vā (asmi),
(tathāpi) ātmani eva bhaviṣyāmi; prajā mām na tārayati
34. I am born from myself, established solely within my own being (ātman), even if I am without offspring. I will reside solely within my own self (ātman); progeny does not liberate me.
नैतादृशं ब्राह्मणस्यास्ति वित्तं यथैकता समता सत्यता च ।
शीले स्थितिर्दण्डनिधानमार्जवं ततस्ततश्चोपरमः क्रियाभ्यः ॥३५॥
35. naitādṛśaṁ brāhmaṇasyāsti vittaṁ; yathaikatā samatā satyatā ca ,
śīle sthitirdaṇḍanidhānamārjavaṁ; tatastataścoparamaḥ kriyābhyaḥ.
35. na etādṛśam brāhmaṇasya asti vittam
yathā ekatā samatā satyatā ca
śīle sthitiḥ daṇḍanidhānam ārjavam
tataḥ tataḥ ca uparamaḥ kriyābhyaḥ
35. brāhmaṇasya etādṛśam vittam na asti
yathā ekatā samatā satyatā ca
śīle sthitiḥ daṇḍanidhānam ārjavam
tataḥ ca tataḥ kriyābhyaḥ uparamaḥ
35. No such wealth exists for a Brahmin as unity, equality, and truthfulness. (Equally important are) steadfastness in good conduct, self-restraint, straightforwardness, and thereafter, detachment from (worldly) actions.
किं ते धनैर्बान्धवैर्वापि किं ते किं ते दारैर्ब्राह्मण यो मरिष्यसि ।
आत्मानमन्विच्छ गुहां प्रविष्टं पितामहस्ते क्व गतः पिता च ॥३६॥
36. kiṁ te dhanairbāndhavairvāpi kiṁ te; kiṁ te dārairbrāhmaṇa yo mariṣyasi ,
ātmānamanviccha guhāṁ praviṣṭaṁ; pitāmahaste kva gataḥ pitā ca.
36. kim te dhanaiḥ bāndhavaiḥ vā api kim
te kim te dāraiḥ brāhmaṇa yaḥ
mariṣyasi ātmānam anviccha guhām praviṣṭam
pitāmahaḥ te kva gataḥ pitā ca
36. brāhmaṇa yaḥ mariṣyasi te dhanaiḥ
kim vā api bāndhavaiḥ kim te dāraiḥ
kim te guhām praviṣṭam ātmānam anviccha
te pitāmahaḥ kva gataḥ ca pitā
36. O Brahmin, what use are riches, relatives, or even wives to you, who are destined to die? Seek the true Self (ātman) that resides within the cave of the heart. Where has your grandfather gone? And your father?
भीष्म उवाच ।
पुत्रस्यैतद्वचः श्रुत्वा तथाकार्षीत्पिता नृप ।
तथा त्वमपि वर्तस्व सत्यधर्मपरायणः ॥३७॥
37. bhīṣma uvāca ,
putrasyaitadvacaḥ śrutvā tathākārṣītpitā nṛpa ,
tathā tvamapi vartasva satyadharmaparāyaṇaḥ.
37. bhīṣma uvāca putrasya etat vacaḥ śrutvā tathā akārṣīt
pitā nṛpa tathā tvam api vartasva satyadharmaparāyaṇaḥ
37. bhīṣma uvāca nṛpa putrasya etat vacaḥ śrutvā pitā tathā
akārṣīt tvam api tathā satyadharmaparāyaṇaḥ vartasva
37. Bhishma said: 'Having heard these words of his son, the father acted accordingly, O King. You too should behave in the same manner, being devoted to truth and natural law (dharma).'