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महाभारतः       mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-23

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संजय उवाच ।
पुत्रस्तव महाराज मद्रराजमिदं वचः ।
विनयेनोपसंगम्य प्रणयाद्वाक्यमब्रवीत् ॥१॥
1. saṁjaya uvāca ,
putrastava mahārāja madrarājamidaṁ vacaḥ ,
vinayenopasaṁgamya praṇayādvākyamabravīt.
1. saṃjaya uvāca putraḥ tava mahārāja madrarājam idam
vacaḥ vinayena upasaṅgamya praṇayāt vākyam abravīt
1. saṃjaya uvāca mahārāja tava putraḥ madrarājam idam
vacaḥ vinayena upasaṅgamya praṇayāt vākyam abravīt
1. Sañjaya said: O great king, your son, having approached the king of Madras with humility and out of affection, spoke these words.
सत्यव्रत महाभाग द्विषतामघवर्धन ।
मद्रेश्वर रणे शूर परसैन्यभयंकर ॥२॥
2. satyavrata mahābhāga dviṣatāmaghavardhana ,
madreśvara raṇe śūra parasainyabhayaṁkara.
2. satyavrata mahābhāga dviṣatām aghavardhana
madreśvara raṇe śūra parasainyabhayaṃkara
2. satyavrata mahābhāga dviṣatām aghavardhana
madreśvara raṇe śūra parasainyabhayaṃkara
2. O keeper of true vows, O greatly glorious one, O you who increase the misfortune of enemies! O Lord of Madras, O hero in battle, O terror to enemy armies!
श्रुतवानसि कर्णस्य ब्रुवतो वदतां वर ।
यथा नृपतिसिंहानां मध्ये त्वां वरयत्ययम् ॥३॥
3. śrutavānasi karṇasya bruvato vadatāṁ vara ,
yathā nṛpatisiṁhānāṁ madhye tvāṁ varayatyayam.
3. śrutavān asi karṇasya bruvataḥ vadatām vara
yathā nṛpatisiṃhānām madhye tvām varayati ayam
3. vadatām vara,
tvam karṇasya bruvataḥ śrutavān asi,
ayam yathā nṛpatisiṃhānām madhye tvām varayati
3. O best among speakers, you have heard Karna speaking about how this one (Karna) selects you from among the foremost kings.
तस्मात्पार्थविनाशार्थं हितार्थं मम चैव हि ।
सारथ्यं रथिनां श्रेष्ठ सुमनाः कर्तुमर्हसि ॥४॥
4. tasmātpārthavināśārthaṁ hitārthaṁ mama caiva hi ,
sārathyaṁ rathināṁ śreṣṭha sumanāḥ kartumarhasi.
4. tasmāt pārthavināśārtham hitārtham mama ca eva hi
sārathyam rathinām śreṣṭha sumanāḥ kartum arhasi
4. tasmāt,
rathinām śreṣṭha,
pārthavināśārtham mama hitārtham ca eva hi sumanāḥ sārathyam kartum arhasi
4. Therefore, O best among warriors on chariots, you should gladly undertake the role of a charioteer for the destruction of Arjuna (Pārtha) and indeed for my benefit.
अस्याभीशुग्रहो लोके नान्योऽस्ति भवता समः ।
स पातु सर्वतः कर्णं भवान्ब्रह्मेव शंकरम् ॥५॥
5. asyābhīśugraho loke nānyo'sti bhavatā samaḥ ,
sa pātu sarvataḥ karṇaṁ bhavānbrahmeva śaṁkaram.
5. asya abhīśugrahaḥ loke na anyaḥ asti bhavatā samaḥ
saḥ pātu sarvataḥ karṇam bhavān brahmā iva śaṃkaram
5. loke asya abhīśugrahaḥ bhavatā samaḥ anyaḥ na asti.
bhavān brahmā iva śaṃkaram,
saḥ karṇam sarvataḥ pātu
5. In this world, there is no other charioteer for him (Karna) who is your equal. May your honor protect Karna from all sides, just as Brahmā (brahmā) protects Śaṃkara.
पार्थस्य सचिवः कृष्णो यथाभीशुग्रहो वरः ।
तथा त्वमपि राधेयं सर्वतः परिपालय ॥६॥
6. pārthasya sacivaḥ kṛṣṇo yathābhīśugraho varaḥ ,
tathā tvamapi rādheyaṁ sarvataḥ paripālaya.
6. pārthasya sacivaḥ kṛṣṇaḥ yathā abhīśugrahaḥ
varaḥ tathā tvam api rādheyam sarvataḥ paripālaya
6. yathā pārthasya sacivaḥ kṛṣṇaḥ varaḥ abhīśugrahaḥ (asti),
tathā tvam api rādheyam sarvataḥ paripālaya
6. Just as Kṛṣṇa, the excellent charioteer and counselor, is for Arjuna (Pārtha), so you also protect Karna (Rādheya) from all sides.
भीष्मो द्रोणः कृपः कर्णो भवान्भोजश्च वीर्यवान् ।
शकुनिः सौबलो द्रौणिरहमेव च नो बलम् ।
एषामेव कृतो भागो नवधा पृतनापते ॥७॥
7. bhīṣmo droṇaḥ kṛpaḥ karṇo bhavānbhojaśca vīryavān ,
śakuniḥ saubalo drauṇirahameva ca no balam ,
eṣāmeva kṛto bhāgo navadhā pṛtanāpate.
7. bhīṣmaḥ droṇaḥ kṛpaḥ karṇaḥ bhavān
bhojaḥ ca vīryavān śakuniḥ saubalaḥ
drauṇiḥ aham eva ca naḥ balam eṣām
eva kṛtaḥ bhāgaḥ navadhā pṛtanāpate
7. pṛtanāpate,
bhīṣmaḥ,
droṇaḥ,
kṛpaḥ,
karṇaḥ,
bhavān,
ca vīryavān bhojaḥ,
śakuniḥ,
saubalaḥ,
drauṇiḥ,
ca aham eva naḥ balam.
eṣām eva navadhā bhāgaḥ kṛtaḥ.
7. Bhīṣma, Droṇa, Kṛpa, Karṇa, you (Bhūriśravas), and the mighty Bhoja (Kṛtavarman); Śakuni, the son of Subala, Droṇi (Aśvatthāman), and I myself - this indeed is our strength. O commander of the army, the division of these (warriors) into nine parts has truly been made.
नैव भागोऽत्र भीष्मस्य द्रोणस्य च महात्मनः ।
ताभ्यामतीत्य तौ भागौ निहता मम शत्रवः ॥८॥
8. naiva bhāgo'tra bhīṣmasya droṇasya ca mahātmanaḥ ,
tābhyāmatītya tau bhāgau nihatā mama śatravaḥ.
8. na eva bhāgaḥ atra bhīṣmasya droṇasya ca mahātmanaḥ
tābhyām atītya tau bhāgau nihatāḥ mama śatravaḥ
8. atra bhīṣmasya ca mahātmanaḥ droṇasya eva bhāgaḥ na.
tābhyām tau bhāgau atītya mama śatravaḥ nihatāḥ.
8. Here, indeed, there is no share of ultimate victory for Bhīṣma and the great-souled (mahātman) Droṇa. My enemies were slain by them, (but it was only) after they (Bhīṣma and Droṇa) had neglected or been unable to maintain those two divisions (of the army).
वृद्धौ हि तौ नरव्याघ्रौ छलेन निहतौ च तौ ।
कृत्वा नसुकरं कर्म गतौ स्वर्गमितोऽनघ ॥९॥
9. vṛddhau hi tau naravyāghrau chalena nihatau ca tau ,
kṛtvā nasukaraṁ karma gatau svargamito'nagha.
9. vṛddhau hi tau naravyāghrau chalena nihatāu ca tau
kṛtvā na sukaram karma gatau svargam itaḥ anagha
9. anagha,
vṛddhau hi tau naravyāghrau ca tau chalena nihatāu.
na sukaram karma kṛtvā itaḥ svargam gatau.
9. Indeed, those two old tiger-like men (Bhīṣma and Droṇa) were slain by deceit. Having accomplished a difficult deed, those two went to heaven from this world, O sinless one.
तथान्ये पुरुषव्याघ्राः परैर्विनिहता युधि ।
अस्मदीयाश्च बहवः स्वर्गायोपगता रणे ।
त्यक्त्वा प्राणान्यथाशक्ति चेष्टाः कृत्वा च पुष्कलाः ॥१०॥
10. tathānye puruṣavyāghrāḥ parairvinihatā yudhi ,
asmadīyāśca bahavaḥ svargāyopagatā raṇe ,
tyaktvā prāṇānyathāśakti ceṣṭāḥ kṛtvā ca puṣkalāḥ.
10. tathā anye puruṣavyāghrāḥ paraiḥ
vinihatāḥ yudhi asmadīyāḥ ca bahavaḥ
svargāya upagatāḥ raṇe tyaktvā prāṇān
yathāśakti ceṣṭāḥ kṛtvā ca puṣkalāḥ
10. tathā anye puruṣavyāghrāḥ paraiḥ yudhi vinihatāḥ.
ca bahavaḥ asmadīyāḥ raṇe prāṇān yathāśakti tyaktvā,
ca puṣkalāḥ ceṣṭāḥ kṛtvā,
svargāya upagatāḥ.
10. Similarly, other tiger-like men (excellent warriors) were slain in battle by the enemies. And many of our own warriors also went to heaven in the battle, having given up their lives according to their capacity (śakti) and having performed numerous valiant efforts.
कर्णो ह्येको महाबाहुरस्मत्प्रियहिते रतः ।
भवांश्च पुरुषव्याघ्र सर्वलोकमहारथः ।
तस्मिञ्जयाशा विपुला मम मद्रजनाधिप ॥११॥
11. karṇo hyeko mahābāhurasmatpriyahite rataḥ ,
bhavāṁśca puruṣavyāghra sarvalokamahārathaḥ ,
tasmiñjayāśā vipulā mama madrajanādhipa.
11. karṇaḥ hi ekaḥ mahābāhuḥ asmat-priya-hite
rataḥ bhavān ca puruṣa-vyāghra
sarva-loka-mahārathaḥ tasmin
jayāśā vipulā mama madra-jana-adhipa
11. madra-jana-adhipa hi karṇaḥ ekaḥ
mahābāhuḥ asmat-priya-hite rataḥ ca
bhavān puruṣa-vyāghra sarva-loka-mahārathaḥ
tasmin mama jayāśā vipulā
11. O lord of the Madra people, indeed, Karna alone, the mighty-armed hero, is devoted to our welfare and benefit. And you, O tiger among men, are a great chariot-warrior renowned throughout all worlds. In him (Karna), my hope for victory is immense.
पार्थस्य समरे कृष्णो यथाभीशुवरग्रहः ।
तेन युक्तो रणे पार्थो रक्ष्यमाणश्च पार्थिव ।
यानि कर्माणि कुरुते प्रत्यक्षाणि तथैव ते ॥१२॥
12. pārthasya samare kṛṣṇo yathābhīśuvaragrahaḥ ,
tena yukto raṇe pārtho rakṣyamāṇaśca pārthiva ,
yāni karmāṇi kurute pratyakṣāṇi tathaiva te.
12. pārthasya samare kṛṣṇaḥ yathā
abhiśu-vara-grahaḥ tena yuktaḥ raṇe pārthaḥ
rakṣyamāṇaḥ ca pārthiva yāni
karmāṇi kurute pratyakṣāṇi tathā eva te
12. pārthiva yathā kṛṣṇaḥ abhiśu-vara-grahaḥ
pārthasya samare tathā eva
pārthaḥ raṇe rakṣyamāṇaḥ ca tena yuktaḥ
yāni karmāṇi kurute pratyakṣāṇi te
12. O king (pārthiva), just as Krishna is the master of the finest reins for Arjuna (Pārtha) in battle, so too is Arjuna (Pārtha) protected by him in battle. All the actions (karma) he performs are directly evident to you.
पूर्वं न समरे ह्येवमवधीदर्जुनो रिपून् ।
अहन्यहनि मद्रेश द्रावयन्दृश्यते युधि ॥१३॥
13. pūrvaṁ na samare hyevamavadhīdarjuno ripūn ,
ahanyahani madreśa drāvayandṛśyate yudhi.
13. pūrvam na samare hi evam avadhīt arjunaḥ ripūn
ahani ahani madreśa drāvayan dṛśyate yudhi
13. madreśa pūrvam arjunaḥ na samare hi evam
avadhīt ripūn ahani ahani yudhi drāvayan dṛśyate
13. O lord of Madras (madreśa), previously Arjuna never killed his enemies in battle in this manner. But now, day by day, he is seen routing them in battle.
भागोऽवशिष्टः कर्णस्य तव चैव महाद्युते ।
तं भागं सह कर्णेन युगपन्नाशयाहवे ॥१४॥
14. bhāgo'vaśiṣṭaḥ karṇasya tava caiva mahādyute ,
taṁ bhāgaṁ saha karṇena yugapannāśayāhave.
14. bhāgaḥ avaśiṣṭaḥ karṇasya tava ca eva mahādyute
tam bhāgam saha karṇena yugapat nāśaya āhave
14. mahādyute avaśiṣṭaḥ bhāgaḥ karṇasya tava ca eva
tam bhāgam karṇena saha yugapat āhave nāśaya
14. O greatly lustrous one (mahādyute), the remaining portion [of the enemy] is for Karna and for you. Therefore, destroy that portion simultaneously with Karna in battle!
सूर्यारुणौ यथा दृष्ट्वा तमो नश्यति मारिष ।
तथा नश्यन्तु कौन्तेयाः सपाञ्चालाः ससृञ्जयाः ॥१५॥
15. sūryāruṇau yathā dṛṣṭvā tamo naśyati māriṣa ,
tathā naśyantu kaunteyāḥ sapāñcālāḥ sasṛñjayāḥ.
15. sūryāruṇau yathā dṛṣṭvā tamaḥ naśyati māriṣa
tathā naśyantu kaunteyāḥ sa-pāñcālāḥ sa-sṛñjayāḥ
15. māriṣa yathā sūryāruṇau dṛṣṭvā tamaḥ naśyati
tathā kaunteyāḥ sa-pāñcālāḥ sa-sṛñjayāḥ naśyantu
15. O respected one, just as darkness perishes upon seeing the sun and its charioteer (Aruna), so too may the sons of Kunti, along with the Panchalas and the Srinjayas, be destroyed.
रथानां प्रवरः कर्णो यन्तॄणां प्रवरो भवान् ।
संनिपातः समो लोके भवतोर्नास्ति कश्चन ॥१६॥
16. rathānāṁ pravaraḥ karṇo yantṝṇāṁ pravaro bhavān ,
saṁnipātaḥ samo loke bhavatornāsti kaścana.
16. rathānām pravaraḥ karṇaḥ yantṝṇām pravaraḥ bhavān
sannipātaḥ samaḥ loke bhavatoḥ na asti kaścana
16. karṇaḥ rathānām pravaraḥ bhavān yantṝṇām pravaraḥ
loke bhavatoḥ samaḥ sannipātaḥ kaścana na asti
16. Karna is the foremost among chariot-warriors, and you are the foremost among charioteers. There is no equal combination of you two in the world.
यथा सर्वास्ववस्थासु वार्ष्णेयः पाति पाण्डवम् ।
तथा भवान्परित्रातु कर्णं वैकर्तनं रणे ॥१७॥
17. yathā sarvāsvavasthāsu vārṣṇeyaḥ pāti pāṇḍavam ,
tathā bhavānparitrātu karṇaṁ vaikartanaṁ raṇe.
17. yathā sarvāsu avasthāsu vārṣṇeyaḥ pāti pāṇḍavam
tathā bhavān paritrātu karṇam vaikartanam raṇe
17. yathā vārṣṇeyaḥ sarvāsu avasthāsu pāṇḍavam pāti
tathā bhavān raṇe vaikartanam karṇam paritrātu
17. Just as Krishna (Vārṣṇeya) protects the son of Pandu (Arjuna) in all circumstances, so may you protect Karna, the son of Vikartana (Surya), in battle.
त्वया सारथिना ह्येष अप्रधृष्यो भविष्यति ।
देवतानामपि रणे सशक्राणां महीपते ।
किं पुनः पाण्डवेयानां मातिशङ्कीर्वचो मम ॥१८॥
18. tvayā sārathinā hyeṣa apradhṛṣyo bhaviṣyati ,
devatānāmapi raṇe saśakrāṇāṁ mahīpate ,
kiṁ punaḥ pāṇḍaveyānāṁ mātiśaṅkīrvaco mama.
18. tvayā sārathinā hi eṣaḥ apradhṛṣyaḥ
bhaviṣyati devatānām api raṇe
sa-śakrāṇām mahīpate kim punaḥ
pāṇḍaveyānām mā atiśaṅkīḥ vacaḥ mama
18. mahīpate hi tvayā sārathinā eṣaḥ
raṇe sa-śakrāṇām devatānām api
apradhṛṣyaḥ bhaviṣyati kim punaḥ
pāṇḍaveyānām mama vacaḥ mā atiśaṅkīḥ
18. O king (mahīpati), indeed, with you as his charioteer, he (Karna) will be unconquerable even by the gods, including Indra, in battle. How much more so for the sons of Pandu? Do not doubt my word.
दुर्योधनवचः श्रुत्वा शल्यः क्रोधसमन्वितः ।
त्रिशिखां भ्रुकुटीं कृत्वा धुन्वन्हस्तौ पुनः पुनः ॥१९॥
19. duryodhanavacaḥ śrutvā śalyaḥ krodhasamanvitaḥ ,
triśikhāṁ bhrukuṭīṁ kṛtvā dhunvanhastau punaḥ punaḥ.
19. duryodhanavacaḥ śrutvā śalyaḥ krodhasamanvitaḥ
triśikhām bhrukuṭīm kṛtvā dhunvan hastau punaḥ punaḥ
19. śalyaḥ duryodhanavacaḥ śrutvā krodhasamanvitaḥ
triśikhām bhrukuṭīm kṛtvā punaḥ punaḥ hastau dhunvan
19. Shalya, filled with anger after hearing Duryodhana's words, frowned with three furrows and repeatedly shook his hands.
क्रोधरक्ते महानेत्रे परिवर्त्य महाभुजः ।
कुलैश्वर्यश्रुतिबलैर्दृप्तः शल्योऽब्रवीदिदम् ॥२०॥
20. krodharakte mahānetre parivartya mahābhujaḥ ,
kulaiśvaryaśrutibalairdṛptaḥ śalyo'bravīdidam.
20. krodharakte mahānetre parivartya mahābhujaḥ
kulaiśvaryaśrutibalaiḥ dṛptaḥ śalyaḥ abravīt idam
20. mahābhujaḥ krodharakte mahānetre parivartya
kulaiśvaryaśrutibalaiḥ dṛptaḥ śalyaḥ idam abravīt
20. The great-armed Shalya, having rolled his large eyes, which were reddened with anger, and being arrogant due to his noble lineage, wealth, learning, and strength, spoke these words.
अवमन्यसे मां गान्धारे ध्रुवं मां परिशङ्कसे ।
यन्मां ब्रवीषि विस्रब्धं सारथ्यं क्रियतामिति ॥२१॥
21. avamanyase māṁ gāndhāre dhruvaṁ māṁ pariśaṅkase ,
yanmāṁ bravīṣi visrabdhaṁ sārathyaṁ kriyatāmiti.
21. avamanyase mām gāndhāre dhruvam mām pariśaṅkase
yat mām bravīṣi visrabdham sārathyam kriyatām iti
21. gāndhāre,
tvam mām avamanyase.
dhruvam mām pariśaṅkase.
yat visrabdham mām "sārathyam kriyatām" iti bravīṣi.
21. O son of Gandhari (Gāndhāre), you disrespect me; indeed, you surely doubt me, because you confidently tell me, "Let charioteering be done!"
अस्मत्तोऽभ्यधिकं कर्णं मन्यमानः प्रशंससि ।
न चाहं युधि राधेयं गणये तुल्यमात्मना ॥२२॥
22. asmatto'bhyadhikaṁ karṇaṁ manyamānaḥ praśaṁsasi ,
na cāhaṁ yudhi rādheyaṁ gaṇaye tulyamātmanā.
22. asmattaḥ abhyadhikam karṇam manyamānaḥ praśaṃsasi
na ca aham yudhi rādheyam gaṇaye tulyam ātmanā
22. tvam asmattaḥ abhyadhikam karṇam manyamānaḥ praśaṃsasi.
ca aham yudhi rādheyam ātmanā tulyam na gaṇaye.
22. You praise Karṇa, considering him superior to me, yet I do not deem Radheya (Karṇa) to be my equal to myself (ātmanā) in battle (yudhi).
आदिश्यतामभ्यधिको ममांशः पृथिवीपते ।
तमहं समरे हत्वा गमिष्यामि यथागतम् ॥२३॥
23. ādiśyatāmabhyadhiko mamāṁśaḥ pṛthivīpate ,
tamahaṁ samare hatvā gamiṣyāmi yathāgatam.
23. ādiśyatām abhyadhikaḥ mama aṃśaḥ pṛthivīpate
tam aham samare hatvā gamiṣyāmi yathāgatam
23. pṛthivīpate,
mama abhyadhikaḥ aṃśaḥ ādiśyatām aham samare tam hatvā yathāgatam gamiṣyāmi
23. O ruler of the earth, assign a greater share to me. I will slay him in battle and return just as I came.
अथ वाप्येक एवाहं योत्स्यामि कुरुनन्दन ।
पश्य वीर्यं ममाद्य त्वं संग्रामे दहतो रिपून् ॥२४॥
24. atha vāpyeka evāhaṁ yotsyāmi kurunandana ,
paśya vīryaṁ mamādya tvaṁ saṁgrāme dahato ripūn.
24. atha vā api eka eva aham yotsyāmi kurunandana
paśya vīryam mama adya tvam saṅgrāme dahataḥ ripūn
24. kurunandana,
atha vā api aham eka eva yotsyāmi adya tvam saṅgrāme ripūn dahataḥ mama vīryam paśya
24. Or else, O delight of the Kurus, I alone will fight. Today, witness my prowess as I incinerate the enemies in battle.
न चाभिकामान्कौरव्य विधाय हृदये पुमान् ।
अस्मद्विधः प्रवर्तेत मा मा त्वमतिशङ्किथाः ॥२५॥
25. na cābhikāmānkauravya vidhāya hṛdaye pumān ,
asmadvidhaḥ pravarteta mā mā tvamatiśaṅkithāḥ.
25. na ca abhikāmān kauravya vidhāya hṛdaye pumān
asmadvidhaḥ pravarteta mā mā tvam atiśaṅkithāḥ
25. kauravya,
ca pumān asmadvidhaḥ hṛdaye abhikāmān vidhāya na pravarteta tvam mā mā atiśaṅkithāḥ
25. O Kuru, a man like us would not act having harbored desires in his heart. Do not, I implore you, doubt me excessively!
युधि चाप्यवमानो मे न कर्तव्यः कथंचन ।
पश्य हीमौ मम भुजौ वज्रसंहननोपमौ ॥२६॥
26. yudhi cāpyavamāno me na kartavyaḥ kathaṁcana ,
paśya hīmau mama bhujau vajrasaṁhananopamau.
26. yudhi ca api avamānaḥ me na kartavyaḥ kathaṃcana
paśya hi imau mama bhujau vajrasaṃhananopamau
26. ca yudhi me avamānaḥ kathaṃcana na kartavyaḥ hi paśya,
mama imau bhujau vajrasaṃhananopamau
26. And by no means should any disrespect be shown to me in battle. For indeed, behold these two arms of mine, which are like structures as firm as a thunderbolt.
धनुः पश्य च मे चित्रं शरांश्चाशीविषोपमान् ।
रथं पश्य च मे कॢप्तं सदश्वैर्वातवेगितैः ।
गदां च पश्य गान्धारे हेमपट्टविभूषिताम् ॥२७॥
27. dhanuḥ paśya ca me citraṁ śarāṁścāśīviṣopamān ,
rathaṁ paśya ca me kḷptaṁ sadaśvairvātavegitaiḥ ,
gadāṁ ca paśya gāndhāre hemapaṭṭavibhūṣitām.
27. dhanuḥ paśya ca me citram śarān ca
āśīviṣa-upamān ratham paśya ca me kḷptam
sat-aśvaiḥ vāta-vegitaiḥ gadām ca
paśya gāndhāre hema-paṭṭa-vibhūṣitām
27. gāndhāre me citram dhanuḥ ca āśīviṣa-upamān
śarān ca paśya me kḷptam
sat-aśvaiḥ vāta-vegitaiḥ ratham ca paśya
hema-paṭṭa-vibhūṣitām gadām ca paśya
27. O son of Gāndhārī, behold my extraordinary bow and my arrows, which are like venomous snakes. Also, observe my chariot, expertly prepared and drawn by excellent horses swift as the wind, and my mace, adorned with golden plates.
दारयेयं महीं क्रुद्धो विकिरेयं च पर्वतान् ।
शोषयेयं समुद्रांश्च तेजसा स्वेन पार्थिव ॥२८॥
28. dārayeyaṁ mahīṁ kruddho vikireyaṁ ca parvatān ,
śoṣayeyaṁ samudrāṁśca tejasā svena pārthiva.
28. dārayeyam mahīm kruddhaḥ vikireyam ca parvatān
śoṣayeyam samudrān ca tejasā svena pārthiva
28. pārthiva kruddhaḥ (aham) mahīm dārayeyam ca parvatān
vikireyam ca svena tejasā samudrān śoṣayeyam
28. O king, in my wrath, I could cleave the earth, scatter the mountains, and dry up the oceans with my own power.
तन्मामेवंविधं जानन्समर्थमरिनिग्रहे ।
कस्माद्युनक्षि सारथ्ये न्यूनस्याधिरथेर्नृप ॥२९॥
29. tanmāmevaṁvidhaṁ jānansamarthamarinigrahe ,
kasmādyunakṣi sārathye nyūnasyādhirathernṛpa.
29. tat mām evamvidham jānan samartham ari-nigrahe
kasmāt yunakṣi sārathye nyūnasya adhiratheḥ nṛpa
29. nṛpa (tvam) mām evamvidham ari-nigrahe samartham
jānan kasmāt nyūnasya adhiratheḥ sārathye yunakṣi
29. O king, knowing me to be of such a nature and so capable in restraining enemies, why do you appoint me to charioteering for Adhiratha's son, who is so inferior?
न नाम धुरि राजेन्द्र प्रयोक्तुं त्वमिहार्हसि ।
न हि पापीयसः श्रेयान्भूत्वा प्रेष्यत्वमुत्सहे ॥३०॥
30. na nāma dhuri rājendra prayoktuṁ tvamihārhasi ,
na hi pāpīyasaḥ śreyānbhūtvā preṣyatvamutsahe.
30. na nāma dhuri rājendra prayoktum tvam iha arhasi
na hi pāpīyasaḥ śreyān bhūtvā preṣyatvam utsahe
30. rājendra tvam iha dhuri prayoktum na nāma arhasi hi
śreyān (aham) pāpīyasaḥ preṣyatvam bhūtvā na utsahe
30. O king of kings, you should certainly not appoint me here to such a position of inferiority. Indeed, I, being superior, would not tolerate the servitude of one who is so much more inferior.
यो ह्यभ्युपगतं प्रीत्या गरीयांसं वशे स्थितम् ।
वशे पापीयसो धत्ते तत्पापमधरोत्तरम् ॥३१॥
31. yo hyabhyupagataṁ prītyā garīyāṁsaṁ vaśe sthitam ,
vaśe pāpīyaso dhatte tatpāpamadharottaram.
31. yaḥ hi abhyupagatam prītyā garīyāṃsam vaśe sthitam
vaśe pāpīyasaḥ dhatte tat pāpam adharottaram
31. yaḥ hi prītyā abhyupagatam vaśe sthitam garīyāṃsam pāpīyasaḥ vaśe dhatte,
tat pāpam adharottaram (bhavati).
31. Indeed, whoever places a more venerable person, who has come to him with affection and remains under his control, under the control of a baser, wicked person, that sin is utterly perverse.
ब्राह्मणा ब्रह्मणा सृष्टा मुखात्क्षत्रमथोरसः ।
ऊरुभ्यामसृजद्वैश्याञ्शूद्रान्पद्भ्यामिति श्रुतिः ।
तेभ्यो वर्णविशेषाश्च प्रतिलोमानुलोमजाः ॥३२॥
32. brāhmaṇā brahmaṇā sṛṣṭā mukhātkṣatramathorasaḥ ,
ūrubhyāmasṛjadvaiśyāñśūdrānpadbhyāmiti śrutiḥ ,
tebhyo varṇaviśeṣāśca pratilomānulomajāḥ.
32. brāhmaṇāḥ brahmaṇā sṛṣṭāḥ mukhāt
kṣatram atha urasaḥ ūrubhyām asṛjat
vaiśyān śūdrān padbhyām iti śrutiḥ tebhyaḥ
varṇaviśeṣāḥ ca pratilomānulomajāḥ
32. brahmaṇā brāhmaṇāḥ mukhāt sṛṣṭāḥ,
atha kṣatram urasaḥ (sṛṣṭam),
ūrubhyām vaiśyān asṛjat,
padbhyām śūdrān iti śrutiḥ (vadati).
tebhyaḥ ca pratilomānulomajāḥ varṇaviśeṣāḥ (bhavanti).
32. Brahmins were created from the mouth by (brahman) (Brahmā), then Kṣatriyas from the chest. He created Vaiśyas from the thighs and Śūdras from the feet; thus says the sacred tradition (śruti). And from them (these four varnas) arose specific mixed castes, born from both "pratiloma" and "anuloma" unions.
अथान्योन्यस्य संयोगाच्चातुर्वर्ण्यस्य भारत ।
गोप्तारः संग्रहीतारो दातारः क्षत्रियाः स्मृताः ॥३३॥
33. athānyonyasya saṁyogāccāturvarṇyasya bhārata ,
goptāraḥ saṁgrahītāro dātāraḥ kṣatriyāḥ smṛtāḥ.
33. atha anyonyasya saṃyogāt cāturvarṇyasya bhārata
goptāraḥ saṃgrahītāraḥ dātāraḥ kṣatriyāḥ smṛtāḥ
33. atha bhārata,
cāturvarṇyasya anyonyasya saṃyogāt,
kṣatriyāḥ goptāraḥ saṃgrahītāraḥ dātāraḥ (ca) smṛtāḥ.
33. Moreover, O Bhārata, in the context of the mutual interaction of the four social classes, Kṣatriyas are considered protectors, upholders, and givers.
याजनाध्यापनैर्विप्रा विशुद्धैश्च प्रतिग्रहैः ।
लोकस्यानुग्रहार्थाय स्थापिता ब्रह्मणा भुवि ॥३४॥
34. yājanādhyāpanairviprā viśuddhaiśca pratigrahaiḥ ,
lokasyānugrahārthāya sthāpitā brahmaṇā bhuvi.
34. yājanādhyāpanaiḥ viprāḥ viśuddhaiḥ ca pratigrahaiḥ
lokasya anugrahārthāya sthāpitāḥ brahmaṇā bhuvi
34. brahmaṇā viprāḥ lokasya anugrahārthāya,
yājanādhyāpanaiḥ ca viśuddhaiḥ pratigrahaiḥ (karmaṇā),
bhuvi sthāpitāḥ.
34. Brahmins (viprāḥ) were established on earth by (brahman) (Brahmā) for the sake of benefiting the world, through performing sacrifices for others, teaching, and accepting pure gifts.
कृषिश्च पाशुपाल्यं च विशां दानं च सर्वशः ।
ब्रह्मक्षत्रविशां शूद्रा विहिताः परिचारकाः ॥३५॥
35. kṛṣiśca pāśupālyaṁ ca viśāṁ dānaṁ ca sarvaśaḥ ,
brahmakṣatraviśāṁ śūdrā vihitāḥ paricārakāḥ.
35. kṛṣiḥ ca pāśupālyam ca viśām dānam ca sarvaśaḥ
| brahmakṣatraviśām śūdrāḥ vihitāḥ paricārakāḥ
35. kṛṣiḥ pāśupālyam ca dānam ca sarvaśaḥ viśām.
śūdrāḥ brahmakṣatraviśām paricārakāḥ vihitāḥ.
35. Agriculture, animal husbandry, and charity are universally prescribed for the Vaiśyas. The Śūdras are ordained as servants for the Brāhmaṇas, Kṣatriyas, and Vaiśyas.
ब्रह्मक्षत्रस्य विहिताः सूता वै परिचारकाः ।
न विट्शूद्रस्य तत्रैव शृणु वाक्यं ममानघ ॥३६॥
36. brahmakṣatrasya vihitāḥ sūtā vai paricārakāḥ ,
na viṭśūdrasya tatraiva śṛṇu vākyaṁ mamānagha.
36. brahmakṣatrasya vihitāḥ sūtāḥ vai paricārakāḥ |
na viṭśūdrasya tatra eva śṛṇu vākyam mama anagha
36. anagha,
brahmakṣatrasya sūtāḥ vai paricārakāḥ vihitāḥ,
na viṭśūdrasya tatra eva.
mama vākyam śṛṇu.
36. Indeed, Sūtas are ordained as servants for Brāhmaṇas and Kṣatriyas, but not for Vaiśyas and Śūdras in that very context. O sinless one, listen to my statement.
सोऽहं मूर्धावसिक्तः सन्राजर्षिकुलसंभवः ।
महारथः समाख्यातः सेव्यः स्तव्यश्च बन्दिनाम् ॥३७॥
37. so'haṁ mūrdhāvasiktaḥ sanrājarṣikulasaṁbhavaḥ ,
mahārathaḥ samākhyātaḥ sevyaḥ stavyaśca bandinām.
37. saḥ aham mūrdhāvasiktaḥ san rājarṣikulasambhavaḥ |
mahārathaḥ samākhyātaḥ sevyaḥ stavyaḥ ca bandinām
37. saḥ aham mūrdhāvasiktaḥ san rājarṣikulasambhavaḥ (asmi).
(aham) mahārathaḥ samākhyātaḥ,
ca bandinām sevyaḥ stavyaḥ (asmi).
37. Being consecrated by sprinkling on the head and born in the lineage of royal sages (rājṛṣi), I am renowned as a great warrior (mahāratha), worthy of being served and praised by panegyrists.
सोऽहमेतादृशो भूत्वा नेहारिकुलमर्दन ।
सूतपुत्रस्य संग्रामे सारथ्यं कर्तुमुत्सहे ॥३८॥
38. so'hametādṛśo bhūtvā nehārikulamardana ,
sūtaputrasya saṁgrāme sārathyaṁ kartumutsahe.
38. saḥ aham etādṛśaḥ bhūtvā nehārikulamardana |
sūtaputrasya saṃgrāme sāratyam kartum utsahe
38. nehārikulamardana,
saḥ aham etādṛśaḥ bhūtvā sūtaputrasya saṃgrāme sāratyam kartum utsahe.
38. Having become such (a person) - O destroyer of the Nehāra family - I am eager to perform the charioteering for the Sūta's son (Karṇa) in battle.
अवमानमहं प्राप्य न योत्स्यामि कथंचन ।
आपृच्छ्य त्वाद्य गान्धारे गमिष्यामि यथागतम् ॥३९॥
39. avamānamahaṁ prāpya na yotsyāmi kathaṁcana ,
āpṛcchya tvādya gāndhāre gamiṣyāmi yathāgatam.
39. avamānam aham prāpya na yotsyāmi kathaṃcana
āpṛcchya tvā adya gāndhāre gamiṣyāmi yathāgatam
39. aham avamānam prāpya kathaṃcana na yotsyāmi
adya gāndhāre tvā āpṛcchya yathāgatam gamiṣyāmi
39. Having received this insult, I will not fight under any circumstances. Having bid you farewell today, O son of Gandhari, I will depart just as I arrived.
एवमुक्त्वा नरव्याघ्रः शल्यः समितिशोभनः ।
उत्थाय प्रययौ तूर्णं राजमध्यादमर्षितः ॥४०॥
40. evamuktvā naravyāghraḥ śalyaḥ samitiśobhanaḥ ,
utthāya prayayau tūrṇaṁ rājamadhyādamarṣitaḥ.
40. evam uktvā naravyāghraḥ śalyaḥ samitiśobhanaḥ
utthāya prāyayau tūrṇam rājamadhyāt amarṣitaḥ
40. evam uktvā naravyāghraḥ samitiśobhanaḥ śalyaḥ
amarṣitaḥ utthāya rājamadhyāt tūrṇam prāyayau
40. Having spoken thus, Shalya, that tiger among men, brilliant in assemblies, indignantly rose and swiftly departed from the midst of the kings.
प्रणयाद्बहुमानाच्च तं निगृह्य सुतस्तव ।
अब्रवीन्मधुरं वाक्यं साम सर्वार्थसाधकम् ॥४१॥
41. praṇayādbahumānācca taṁ nigṛhya sutastava ,
abravīnmadhuraṁ vākyaṁ sāma sarvārthasādhakam.
41. praṇayāt bahumānāt ca tam nigṛhya sutaḥ tava
abravīt madhuram vākyam sāma sarvārthasādhakam
41. tava sutaḥ praṇayāt ca bahumānāt tam nigṛhya
madhuram sāma sarvārthasādhakam vākyam abravīt
41. Your son, restraining him (Shalya) out of affection and great respect, spoke sweet, conciliatory words that were effective for all purposes.
यथा शल्य त्वमात्थेदमेवमेतदसंशयम् ।
अभिप्रायस्तु मे कश्चित्तं निबोध जनेश्वर ॥४२॥
42. yathā śalya tvamātthedamevametadasaṁśayam ,
abhiprāyastu me kaścittaṁ nibodha janeśvara.
42. yathā śalya tvam āttha idam evam etat asaṃśayam
abhiprāyaḥ tu me kaścit tam nibodha janeśvara
42. śalya yathā tvam idam āttha evam etat asaṃśayam
tu me kaścit abhiprāyaḥ tam nibodha janeśvara
42. O Shalya, what you have just said is undoubtedly true. But I have a certain intention; understand that, O lord of men.
न कर्णोऽभ्यधिकस्त्वत्तः शङ्के नैव कथंचन ।
न हि मद्रेश्वरो राजा कुर्याद्यदनृतं भवेत् ॥४३॥
43. na karṇo'bhyadhikastvattaḥ śaṅke naiva kathaṁcana ,
na hi madreśvaro rājā kuryādyadanṛtaṁ bhavet.
43. na karṇaḥ abhyadhikaḥ tvattaḥ śaṅke na eva kathaṃcana
na hi madreśvaraḥ rājā kuryāt yat anṛtam bhavet
43. śaṅke na eva kathaṃcana karṇaḥ tvattaḥ abhyadhikaḥ
na hi rājā madreśvaraḥ yat anṛtam bhavet na kuryāt
43. I certainly do not believe that Karṇa is superior to you in any way. For, indeed, the king, the lord of Madra, would not do anything that would be false.
ऋतमेव हि पूर्वास्ते वहन्ति पुरुषोत्तमाः ।
तस्मादार्तायनिः प्रोक्तो भवानिति मतिर्मम ॥४४॥
44. ṛtameva hi pūrvāste vahanti puruṣottamāḥ ,
tasmādārtāyaniḥ prokto bhavāniti matirmama.
44. ṛtam eva hi pūrvāḥ te vahanti puruṣottamāḥ
tasmāt ārtāyaniḥ proktaḥ bhavān iti matiḥ mama
44. hi te pūrvāḥ puruṣottamāḥ ṛtam eva vahanti
tasmāt bhavān iti ārtāyaniḥ proktaḥ mama matiḥ
44. For indeed, your excellent ancestors always upheld the truth (ṛtam). Therefore, it is my opinion that you are called Ārtāyani.
शल्यभूतश्च शत्रूणां यस्मात्त्वं भुवि मानद ।
तस्माच्छल्येति ते नाम कथ्यते पृथिवीपते ॥४५॥
45. śalyabhūtaśca śatrūṇāṁ yasmāttvaṁ bhuvi mānada ,
tasmācchalyeti te nāma kathyate pṛthivīpate.
45. śalyabhūtaḥ ca śatrūṇām yasmāt tvam bhuvi mānada
tasmāt śalya iti te nāma kathyate pṛthivīpate
45. mānada pṛthivīpate ca yasmāt tvam bhuvi śatrūṇām
śalyabhūtaḥ tasmāt te nāma śalya iti kathyate
45. O giver of honor (mānada)! And because you are like a thorn (śalya) to enemies on earth, therefore, your name, O lord of the earth (pṛthivīpati), is called Śalya.
यदेव व्याहृतं पूर्वं भवता भूरिदक्षिण ।
तदेव कुरु धर्मज्ञ मदर्थं यद्यदुच्यसे ॥४६॥
46. yadeva vyāhṛtaṁ pūrvaṁ bhavatā bhūridakṣiṇa ,
tadeva kuru dharmajña madarthaṁ yadyaducyase.
46. yat eva vyāhṛtam pūrvam bhavatā bhūridakṣiṇa
tat eva kuru dharmajña madartham yat yat ucyase
46. bhūridakṣiṇa dharmajña yat eva pūrvam bhavatā vyāhṛtam,
tat eva madartham kuru yat yat ucyase
46. O giver of ample gifts (bhūridakṣiṇa)! Whatever was indeed spoken previously by you, that very thing, O knower of (dharma), do for my sake, whatever you are commanded.
न च त्वत्तो हि राधेयो न चाहमपि वीर्यवान् ।
वृणीमस्त्वां हयाग्र्याणां यन्तारमिति संयुगे ॥४७॥
47. na ca tvatto hi rādheyo na cāhamapi vīryavān ,
vṛṇīmastvāṁ hayāgryāṇāṁ yantāramiti saṁyuge.
47. na ca tvattaḥ hi rādheyaḥ na ca aham api vīryavān
vṛṇīmaḥ tvām haya agryāṇām yantāram iti saṃyuge
47. hi rādheyaḥ tvattaḥ na ca aham api na vīryavān
ca saṃyuge hayāgryāṇām yantāram tvām iti vṛṇīmaḥ
47. Indeed, neither Rādeya (Karṇa) is more valorous than you, nor am I. Therefore, we choose you as the charioteer for the excellent horses in this battle.
यथा ह्यभ्यधिकं कर्णं गुणैस्तात धनंजयात् ।
वासुदेवादपि त्वां च लोकोऽयमिति मन्यते ॥४८॥
48. yathā hyabhyadhikaṁ karṇaṁ guṇaistāta dhanaṁjayāt ,
vāsudevādapi tvāṁ ca loko'yamiti manyate.
48. yathā hi abhyadhikam karṇam guṇaiḥ tāta dhanaṃjayāt
vāsudevāt api tvām ca lokaḥ ayam iti manyate
48. tāta hi yathā ayam lokaḥ karṇam dhanaṃjayāt guṇaiḥ abhyadhikam
manyate ca api tvām vāsudevāt (abhyadhikam manyate) iti
48. O dear one, indeed, just as this world considers Karṇa superior to Dhanañjaya (Arjuna) in qualities, so also it considers you even superior to Vāsudeva (Kṛṣṇa).
कर्णो ह्यभ्यधिकः पार्थादस्त्रैरेव नरर्षभ ।
भवानप्यधिकः कृष्णादश्वयाने बले तथा ॥४९॥
49. karṇo hyabhyadhikaḥ pārthādastraireva nararṣabha ,
bhavānapyadhikaḥ kṛṣṇādaśvayāne bale tathā.
49. karṇaḥ hi abhyadhikaḥ pārthāt astraiḥ eva nararṣabha
bhavān api adhikaḥ kṛṣṇāt aśvayāne bale tathā
49. nararṣabha hi karṇaḥ astraiḥ eva pārthāt abhyadhikaḥ (asti)
api ca bhavān aśvayāne tathā bale kṛṣṇāt adhikaḥ (asti)
49. O best of men, Karṇa is certainly superior to Pārtha (Arjuna) only in weapons. You, however, are also superior to Kṛṣṇa in horsemanship and likewise in strength.
यथाश्वहृदयं वेद वासुदेवो महामनाः ।
द्विगुणं त्वं तथा वेत्थ मद्रराज न संशयः ॥५०॥
50. yathāśvahṛdayaṁ veda vāsudevo mahāmanāḥ ,
dviguṇaṁ tvaṁ tathā vettha madrarāja na saṁśayaḥ.
50. yathā aśvahṛdayam veda vāsudevaḥ mahāmanāḥ
dviguṇam tvam tathā vettha madrarāja na saṃśayaḥ
50. madrāja yathā mahāmanāḥ vāsudevaḥ aśvahṛdayam veda
tathā tvam dviguṇam vettha na saṃśayaḥ (asti)
50. O King of Madras, just as the great-minded Vāsudeva (Kṛṣṇa) knows the science of horses, so you know it twice as well. There is no doubt about this.
शल्य उवाच ।
यन्मा ब्रवीषि गान्धारे मध्ये सैन्यस्य कौरव ।
विशिष्टं देवकीपुत्रात्प्रीतिमानस्म्यहं त्वयि ॥५१॥
51. śalya uvāca ,
yanmā bravīṣi gāndhāre madhye sainyasya kaurava ,
viśiṣṭaṁ devakīputrātprītimānasmyahaṁ tvayi.
51. śalyaḥ uvāca | yat mā bravīṣi gāndhāre madhye sainyasya
kaurava | viśiṣṭam devakīputrāt prītimān asmi aham tvayi
51. śalyaḥ uvāca gāndhāre kaurava,
yat mā sainyasya madhye devakīputrāt viśiṣṭam bravīṣi,
aham tvayi prītimān asmi
51. Śalya said: "O Kuru, son of Gāndhārī, because you speak of me as superior to Devakī's son (Kṛṣṇa) amidst the army, I am delighted with you."
एष सारथ्यमातिष्ठे राधेयस्य यशस्विनः ।
युध्यतः पाण्डवाग्र्येण यथा त्वं वीर मन्यसे ॥५२॥
52. eṣa sārathyamātiṣṭhe rādheyasya yaśasvinaḥ ,
yudhyataḥ pāṇḍavāgryeṇa yathā tvaṁ vīra manyase.
52. eṣaḥ sārathyam ātiṣṭhe rādheyasya yaśasvinaḥ |
yudhyataḥ pāṇḍavāgryeṇa yathā tvam vīra manyase
52. vīra,
tvam yathā manyase,
eṣaḥ pāṇḍavāgryeṇa yudhyataḥ yaśasvinaḥ rādheyasya sārathyam ātiṣṭhe
52. O hero, I will undertake the charioteering of the glorious son of Rādhā (Karṇa) as he fights the foremost of the Pāṇḍavas (Arjuna), just as you deem fit.
समयश्च हि मे वीर कश्चिद्वैकर्तनं प्रति ।
उत्सृजेयं यथाश्रद्धमहं वाचोऽस्य संनिधौ ॥५३॥
53. samayaśca hi me vīra kaścidvaikartanaṁ prati ,
utsṛjeyaṁ yathāśraddhamahaṁ vāco'sya saṁnidhau.
53. samayaḥ ca hi me vīra kaścit vaikartanam prati |
utsṛjeyam yathāśraddham aham vācaḥ asya saṃnidhau
53. vīra,
ca hi me kaścit samayaḥ vaikartanam prati,
aham asya saṃnidhau yathāśraddham vācaḥ utsṛjeyam
53. And indeed, O hero, I have made a certain pact concerning Vaikartana (Karṇa), that I may utter words as I wish in his presence.
संजय उवाच ।
तथेति राजन्पुत्रस्ते सह कर्णेन भारत ।
अब्रवीन्मद्रराजस्य सुतं भरतसत्तम ॥५४॥
54. saṁjaya uvāca ,
tatheti rājanputraste saha karṇena bhārata ,
abravīnmadrarājasya sutaṁ bharatasattama.
54. saṃjayaḥ uvāca | tathā iti rājan putraḥ te saha karṇena
bhārata | abravīt madrarājasya sutam bharatasattama
54. saṃjayaḥ uvāca rājan bhārata bharatasattama,
te putraḥ karṇena saha,
"tathā!" iti madrarājasya sutam abravīt
54. Saṃjaya said: "O King (Dhṛtarāṣṭra), O best of Bhāratas, your son (Duryodhana), along with Karṇa, then said 'So be it!' to the son of the King of Madras (Śalya)."