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महाभारतः       mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-62

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युधिष्ठिर उवाच ।
शिवान्सुखान्महोदर्कानहिंस्राँल्लोकसंमतान् ।
ब्रूहि धर्मान्सुखोपायान्मद्विधानां सुखावहान् ॥१॥
1. yudhiṣṭhira uvāca ,
śivānsukhānmahodarkānahiṁsrāँllokasaṁmatān ,
brūhi dharmānsukhopāyānmadvidhānāṁ sukhāvahān.
1. yudhiṣṭhiraḥ uvāca śivān sukhān mahodarkān ahiṃsrān
lokasaṃmatān brūhi dharmān sukhopāyān madvidhānām sukhāvahān
1. yudhiṣṭhiraḥ uvāca madvidhānām sukhāvahān,
śivān,
sukhān,
mahodarkān,
ahiṃsrān,
lokasaṃmatān,
sukhopāyān dharmān brūhi
1. Yudhiṣṭhira said: "Please tell me about the sacred duties (dharma) that are auspicious, pleasant, have great results, are non-violent, approved by the people, easy to practice, and bring happiness to those like me."
भीष्म उवाच ।
ब्राह्मणस्येह चत्वार आश्रमा विहिताः प्रभो ।
वर्णास्ताननुवर्तन्ते त्रयो भरतसत्तम ॥२॥
2. bhīṣma uvāca ,
brāhmaṇasyeha catvāra āśramā vihitāḥ prabho ,
varṇāstānanuvartante trayo bharatasattama.
2. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca brāhmaṇasya iha catvāraḥ āśramāḥ vihitāḥ
prabho varṇāḥ tān anuvartante trayaḥ bharatasattama
2. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca prabho,
iha brāhmaṇasya catvāraḥ āśramāḥ vihitāḥ.
bharatasattama,
trayaḥ varṇāḥ tān anuvartante
2. Bhīṣma said: "O Lord (prabho), here for a Brāhmaṇa, four stages of life (āśrama) are prescribed. O best of Bharatas, the three (other) social classes (varṇa) follow those (āśramas)."
उक्तानि कर्माणि बहूनि राजन्स्वर्ग्याणि राजन्यपरायणानि ।
नेमानि दृष्टान्तविधौ स्मृतानि क्षात्रे हि सर्वं विहितं यथावत् ॥३॥
3. uktāni karmāṇi bahūni rāja;nsvargyāṇi rājanyaparāyaṇāni ,
nemāni dṛṣṭāntavidhau smṛtāni; kṣātre hi sarvaṁ vihitaṁ yathāvat.
3. uktāni karmāṇi bahūni rājan
svargyāṇi rājanyaparāyaṇāni na
imāni dṛṣṭāntavidhau smṛtāni
kṣātre hi sarvam vihitam yathāvat
3. rājan,
svargyāṇi rājanyaparāyaṇāni bahūni karmāṇi uktāni.
imāni dṛṣṭāntavidhau na smṛtāni,
hi kṣātre sarvam yathāvat vihitam
3. O King (rājan), many actions (karma) that lead to heaven and are primarily intended for the princely class have been declared. However, these are not considered as universally applicable examples for the warrior (kṣātra) class, for indeed, everything is properly prescribed in the warrior's intrinsic nature (dharma).
क्षात्राणि वैश्यानि च सेवमानः शौद्राणि कर्माणि च ब्राह्मणः सन् ।
अस्मिँल्लोके निन्दितो मन्दचेताः परे च लोके निरयं प्रयाति ॥४॥
4. kṣātrāṇi vaiśyāni ca sevamānaḥ; śaudrāṇi karmāṇi ca brāhmaṇaḥ san ,
asmiँlloke nindito mandacetāḥ; pare ca loke nirayaṁ prayāti.
4. kṣātrāṇi vaiśyāni ca sevamānaḥ
śaudrāṇi karmāṇi ca brāhmaṇaḥ
san asmin loke ninditaḥ manda-cetāḥ
pare ca loke nirayam prayāti
4. brāhmaṇaḥ san,
kṣātrāṇi vaiśyāni ca śaudrāṇi karmāṇi ca sevamānaḥ,
manda-cetāḥ asmin loke ninditaḥ,
pare ca loke nirayam prayāti
4. A dull-witted (mandacetāḥ) Brahmin (brāhmaṇaḥ) who engages in the duties of kṣatriyas and vaiśyas, and also performs the actions of śūdras, is condemned in this world and goes to hell (niraya) in the next.
या संज्ञा विहिता लोके दासे शुनि वृके पशौ ।
विकर्मणि स्थिते विप्रे तां संज्ञां कुरु पाण्डव ॥५॥
5. yā saṁjñā vihitā loke dāse śuni vṛke paśau ,
vikarmaṇi sthite vipre tāṁ saṁjñāṁ kuru pāṇḍava.
5. yā saṃjñā vihitā loke dāse śuni vṛke paśau
vi-karmaṇi sthite vipre tām saṃjñām kuru pāṇḍava
5. pāṇḍava,
loke dāse śuni vṛke paśau yā saṃjñā vihitā,
vikarmaṇi sthite vipre tām saṃjñām kuru
5. O Pāṇḍava, whatever designation is given in this world to a slave, a dog, a wolf, or an animal, that very designation you should apply to a Brahmin (vipra) who persists in forbidden actions (vikarma).
षट्कर्मसंप्रवृत्तस्य आश्रमेषु चतुर्ष्वपि ।
सर्वधर्मोपपन्नस्य संभूतस्य कृतात्मनः ॥६॥
6. ṣaṭkarmasaṁpravṛttasya āśrameṣu caturṣvapi ,
sarvadharmopapannasya saṁbhūtasya kṛtātmanaḥ.
6. ṣaṭ-karma-sam-pravṛttasya āśrameṣu caturṣu api
sarva-dharma-upapannasya saṃ-bhūtasya kṛta-ātmanaḥ
6. caturṣu api āśrameṣu ṣaṭ-karma-sam-pravṛttasya,
sarva-dharma-upapannasya,
saṃ-bhūtasya,
kṛta-ātmanaḥ
6. Of one who is diligently engaged in the six prescribed sacred duties (ṣaṭkarma) within any of the four stages of life (āśrama), who is endowed with all intrinsic natures (dharma), and who has perfected the self (ātman).
ब्राह्मणस्य विशुद्धस्य तपस्यभिरतस्य च ।
निराशिषो वदान्यस्य लोका ह्यक्षरसंज्ञिताः ॥७॥
7. brāhmaṇasya viśuddhasya tapasyabhiratasya ca ,
nirāśiṣo vadānyasya lokā hyakṣarasaṁjñitāḥ.
7. brāhmaṇasya viśuddhasya tapasi abhiratasya ca
nir-āśiṣaḥ vadānyasya lokāḥ hi akṣara-saṃjñitāḥ
7. viśuddhasya,
tapasi abhiratasya ca,
nir-āśiṣaḥ,
vadānyasya brāhmaṇasya lokāḥ hi akṣara-saṃjñitāḥ
7. Indeed, for a pure Brahmin (brāhmaṇaḥ), who is devoted to asceticism (tapas), free from desires, and munificent, the worlds (he attains) are known as imperishable.
यो यस्मिन्कुरुते कर्म यादृशं येन यत्र च ।
तादृशं तादृशेनैव स गुणं प्रतिपद्यते ॥८॥
8. yo yasminkurute karma yādṛśaṁ yena yatra ca ,
tādṛśaṁ tādṛśenaiva sa guṇaṁ pratipadyate.
8. yaḥ yasmin kurute karma yādṛśam yena yatra ca
tādṛśam tādṛśena eva saḥ guṇam pratipadyate
8. yaḥ yena yādṛśam karma yasmin yatra ca kurute
saḥ tādṛśam guṇam tādṛśena eva pratipadyate
8. Whatever kind of action (karma) a person performs, using whatever means, directed towards whatever (person or object), and in whatever circumstances, he indeed obtains a consequence of that very kind, brought about by corresponding means.
वृद्ध्या कृषिवणिक्त्वेन जीवसंजीवनेन च ।
वेत्तुमर्हसि राजेन्द्र स्वाध्यायगणितं महत् ॥९॥
9. vṛddhyā kṛṣivaṇiktvena jīvasaṁjīvanena ca ,
vettumarhasi rājendra svādhyāyagaṇitaṁ mahat.
9. vṛddhyā kṛṣivaṇiktvena jīvasaṃjīvanena ca
vettum arhasi rājendra svādhyāyagaṇitam mahat
9. rājendra! vṛddhyā kṛṣivaṇiktvena jīvasaṃjīvanena
ca mahat svādhyāyagaṇitam vettum arhasi
9. O chief of kings, you should understand the great scheme of statecraft, which is realized through economic growth, agriculture, commerce, and by sustaining the lives of all beings.
कालसंचोदितः कालः कालपर्यायनिश्चितः ।
उत्तमाधममध्यानि कर्माणि कुरुतेऽवशः ॥१०॥
10. kālasaṁcoditaḥ kālaḥ kālaparyāyaniścitaḥ ,
uttamādhamamadhyāni karmāṇi kurute'vaśaḥ.
10. kālasaṃcoditaḥ kālaḥ kālaparyāyaniścitaḥ
uttamādhamamadhyāni karmāṇi kurute avaśaḥ
10. kālaḥ kālasaṃcoditaḥ kālaparyāyaniścitaḥ
avaśaḥ uttamādhamamadhyāni karmāṇi kurute
10. Time, driven by (its own nature as) time and determined by the cycles of time, helplessly brings about superior, inferior, and mediocre actions (karma).
अन्तवन्ति प्रदानानि पुरा श्रेयस्कराणि च ।
स्वकर्मनिरतो लोको ह्यक्षरः सर्वतोमुखः ॥११॥
11. antavanti pradānāni purā śreyaskarāṇi ca ,
svakarmanirato loko hyakṣaraḥ sarvatomukhaḥ.
11. antavanti pradānāni purā śreyaskarāṇi ca
svakarmanirataḥ lokaḥ hi akṣaraḥ sarvatomukhaḥ
11. pradānāni antavanti purā ca śreyaskarāṇi
svakarmarataḥ lokaḥ hi akṣaraḥ sarvatomukhaḥ
11. Though gifts and offerings yield beneficial results, they are ultimately perishable. However, a person dedicated to their own intrinsic action (karma) is indeed imperishable and all-pervading.