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महाभारतः       mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-31

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ब्राह्मण उवाच ।
त्रयो वै रिपवो लोके नव वै गुणतः स्मृताः ।
हर्षः स्तम्भोऽभिमानश्च त्रयस्ते सात्त्विका गुणाः ॥१॥
1. brāhmaṇa uvāca ,
trayo vai ripavo loke nava vai guṇataḥ smṛtāḥ ,
harṣaḥ stambho'bhimānaśca trayaste sāttvikā guṇāḥ.
1. brāhmaṇaḥ uvāca trayaḥ vai ripavaḥ loke nava vai guṇataḥ
smṛtāḥ harṣaḥ stambhaḥ abhimānaḥ ca trayaḥ te sāttvikāḥ guṇāḥ
1. brāhmaṇaḥ uvāca loke trayaḥ vai
ripavaḥ nava vai guṇataḥ smṛtāḥ
harṣaḥ stambhaḥ ca abhimānaḥ
ca te trayaḥ sāttvikāḥ guṇāḥ
1. The Brahmin said: Indeed, there are three enemies in the world; nine are remembered according to their inherent qualities (guṇas). Elation, stubbornness, and ego (ahaṅkāra) – these three are considered the sattvic qualities.
शोकः क्रोधोऽतिसंरम्भो राजसास्ते गुणाः स्मृताः ।
स्वप्नस्तन्द्री च मोहश्च त्रयस्ते तामसा गुणाः ॥२॥
2. śokaḥ krodho'tisaṁrambho rājasāste guṇāḥ smṛtāḥ ,
svapnastandrī ca mohaśca trayaste tāmasā guṇāḥ.
2. śokaḥ krodhaḥ atisaṃrambhaḥ rājasāḥ te guṇāḥ smṛtāḥ
svapnaḥ tandrī ca mohaḥ ca trayaḥ te tāmasāḥ guṇāḥ
2. śokaḥ krodhaḥ atisaṃrambhaḥ te rājasāḥ guṇāḥ smṛtāḥ
svapnaḥ tandrī ca mohaḥ ca te trayaḥ tāmasāḥ guṇāḥ
2. Sorrow, anger, and excessive agitation – these are considered the rajasic qualities. Sleep, lethargy, and delusion (moha) – these three are the tamasic qualities.
एतान्निकृत्य धृतिमान्बाणसंघैरतन्द्रितः ।
जेतुं परानुत्सहते प्रशान्तात्मा जितेन्द्रियः ॥३॥
3. etānnikṛtya dhṛtimānbāṇasaṁghairatandritaḥ ,
jetuṁ parānutsahate praśāntātmā jitendriyaḥ.
3. etān nikṛtya dhṛtimān bāṇasaṅghaiḥ atandritaḥ
jetum parān utsahate praśāntātmā jitendriyaḥ
3. praśāntātmā jitendriyaḥ dhṛtimān atandritaḥ
bāṇasaṅghaiḥ etān nikṛtya parān jetum utsahate
3. A resolute and diligent person, whose self (ātman) is tranquil and senses (indriya) are controlled, endeavors to defeat his enemies by striking them down with volleys of arrows.
अत्र गाथाः कीर्तयन्ति पुराकल्पविदो जनाः ।
अम्बरीषेण या गीता राज्ञा राज्यं प्रशासता ॥४॥
4. atra gāthāḥ kīrtayanti purākalpavido janāḥ ,
ambarīṣeṇa yā gītā rājñā rājyaṁ praśāsatā.
4. atra gāthāḥ kīrtayanti purākalpavidaḥ janāḥ
ambarīṣeṇa yā gītā rājñā rājyam praśāsatā
4. atra purākalpavidaḥ janāḥ rājñā rājyam
praśāsatā ambarīṣeṇa yā gītā gāthāḥ kīrtayanti
4. Regarding this, those who are knowledgeable in ancient traditions recount verses that were sung by King Ambariṣa while he was governing the kingdom.
समुदीर्णेषु दोषेषु वध्यमानेषु साधुषु ।
जग्राह तरसा राज्यमम्बरीष इति श्रुतिः ॥५॥
5. samudīrṇeṣu doṣeṣu vadhyamāneṣu sādhuṣu ,
jagrāha tarasā rājyamambarīṣa iti śrutiḥ.
5. samudīrṇeṣu doṣeṣu vadhyamāneṣu sādhuṣu
jagrāha tarasā rājyam ambarīṣaḥ iti śrutiḥ
5. samudīrṇeṣu doṣeṣu sādhuṣu vadhyamāneṣu
ambarīṣaḥ tarasā rājyam jagrāha iti śrutiḥ
5. Tradition (śruti) says that Ambariṣa forcefully seized the kingdom when faults (doṣa) had emerged and good people were being oppressed.
स निगृह्य महादोषान्साधून्समभिपूज्य च ।
जगाम महतीं सिद्धिं गाथां चेमां जगाद ह ॥६॥
6. sa nigṛhya mahādoṣānsādhūnsamabhipūjya ca ,
jagāma mahatīṁ siddhiṁ gāthāṁ cemāṁ jagāda ha.
6. sa nigṛhya mahādoṣān sādhūn samabhipūjya ca
jagāma mahatīm siddhim gāthām ca imām jagāda ha
6. sa mahādoṣān nigṛhya sādhūn samabhipūjya ca
mahatīm siddhim jagāma ca imām gāthām ha jagāda
6. Having subdued great evils (doṣa) and honored virtuous people, he attained great accomplishment (siddhi), and indeed, he spoke this verse (gāthā).
भूयिष्ठं मे जिता दोषा निहताः सर्वशत्रवः ।
एको दोषोऽवशिष्टस्तु वध्यः स न हतो मया ॥७॥
7. bhūyiṣṭhaṁ me jitā doṣā nihatāḥ sarvaśatravaḥ ,
eko doṣo'vaśiṣṭastu vadhyaḥ sa na hato mayā.
7. bhūyiṣṭham me jitāḥ doṣāḥ nihatāḥ sarvaśatravaḥ |
ekaḥ doṣaḥ avaśiṣṭaḥ tu vadhyaḥ saḥ na hataḥ mayā
7. me doṣāḥ bhūyiṣṭham jitāḥ sarvaśatravaḥ nihatāḥ
tu ekaḥ doṣaḥ avaśiṣṭaḥ vadhyaḥ saḥ mayā na hataḥ
7. Mostly, my faults have been overcome, and all enemies have been destroyed. But one remaining fault, which ought to be killed, has not been killed by me.
येन युक्तो जन्तुरयं वैतृष्ण्यं नाधिगच्छति ।
तृष्णार्त इव निम्नानि धावमानो न बुध्यते ॥८॥
8. yena yukto janturayaṁ vaitṛṣṇyaṁ nādhigacchati ,
tṛṣṇārta iva nimnāni dhāvamāno na budhyate.
8. yena yuktaḥ jantuḥ ayam vaitṛṣṇyam na adhigacchati
| tṛṣṇārtaḥ iva nimnāni dhāvamānaḥ na budhyate
8. yena ayam jantuḥ yuktaḥ vaitṛṣṇyam na adhigacchati
tṛṣṇārtaḥ iva nimnāni dhāvamānaḥ na budhyate
8. By which (greed), this creature, being joined (with it), does not attain freedom from desire (vaitṛṣṇya). Like one tormented by thirst (tṛṣṇā) running to low places, he does not comprehend (the nature of his endless pursuit).
अकार्यमपि येनेह प्रयुक्तः सेवते नरः ।
तं लोभमसिभिस्तीक्ष्णैर्निकृन्तन्तं निकृन्तत ॥९॥
9. akāryamapi yeneha prayuktaḥ sevate naraḥ ,
taṁ lobhamasibhistīkṣṇairnikṛntantaṁ nikṛntata.
9. akāryam api yena iha prayuktaḥ sevate naraḥ |
tam lobham asibhiḥ tīkṣṇaiḥ nikṛntantam nikṛntata
9. iha yena prayuktaḥ naraḥ akāryam api sevate tam
nikṛntantam lobham tīkṣṇaiḥ asibhiḥ nikṛntata
9. Even an improper act, a person, impelled by which (greed), commits in this world. That greed (lobha), which is cutting (them) down, you all should cut down with sharp swords.
लोभाद्धि जायते तृष्णा ततश्चिन्ता प्रसज्यते ।
स लिप्समानो लभते भूयिष्ठं राजसान्गुणान् ॥१०॥
10. lobhāddhi jāyate tṛṣṇā tataścintā prasajyate ,
sa lipsamāno labhate bhūyiṣṭhaṁ rājasānguṇān.
10. lobhāt hi jāyate tṛṣṇā tataḥ cintā prasajyate |
saḥ lipsamānaḥ labhate bhūyiṣṭham rājasān guṇān
10. hi lobhāt tṛṣṇā jāyate tataḥ cintā prasajyate
saḥ lipsamānaḥ bhūyiṣṭham rājasān guṇān labhate
10. Indeed, from greed (lobha) arises desire (tṛṣṇā); from that, worry (cintā) results. He, desiring to obtain (more), mostly acquires the qualities of passion (rajas guṇas).
स तैर्गुणैः संहतदेहबन्धनः पुनः पुनर्जायति कर्म चेहते ।
जन्मक्षये भिन्नविकीर्णदेहः पुनर्मृत्युं गच्छति जन्मनि स्वे ॥११॥
11. sa tairguṇaiḥ saṁhatadehabandhanaḥ; punaḥ punarjāyati karma cehate ,
janmakṣaye bhinnavikīrṇadehaḥ; punarmṛtyuṁ gacchati janmani sve.
11. sa taiḥ guṇaiḥ saṃhatadehabandhanaḥ
punaḥ punaḥ jāyati karma ca
īhate janmakṣaye bhinnavikīrṇadehaḥ
punaḥ mṛtyum gacchati janmani sve
11. sa taiḥ guṇaiḥ saṃhatadehabandhanaḥ
punaḥ punaḥ jāyati ca karma
īhate janmakṣaye bhinnavikīrṇadehaḥ
punaḥ janmani sve mṛtyum gacchati
11. Bound by those qualities, he is born repeatedly and performs actions (karma). Upon the cessation of a birth, with his body broken and scattered, he again encounters death in his subsequent birth (saṃsāra).
तस्मादेनं सम्यगवेक्ष्य लोभं निगृह्य धृत्यात्मनि राज्यमिच्छेत् ।
एतद्राज्यं नान्यदस्तीति विद्याद्यस्त्वत्र राजा विजितो ममैकः ॥१२॥
12. tasmādenaṁ samyagavekṣya lobhaṁ; nigṛhya dhṛtyātmani rājyamicchet ,
etadrājyaṁ nānyadastīti vidyā;dyastvatra rājā vijito mamaikaḥ.
12. tasmāt enam samyak avekṣya lobham
nigṛhya dhṛtyā ātmani rājyam icchet
etat rājyam na anyat asti iti vidyāt
yaḥ tu atra rājā vijitaḥ mama ekaḥ
12. tasmāt enam lobham samyak avekṣya dhṛtyā nigṛhya ātmani rājyam icchet etat rājyam asti,
na anyat asti iti vidyāt yaḥ tu atra rājā saḥ mama ekaḥ vijitaḥ
12. Therefore, having properly observed this greed, one should restrain it with fortitude and desire dominion over one's own self (ātman). One should know that this is true dominion (rājya) and there is no other, for in this realm, the one who has conquered himself is my only true king.
इति राज्ञाम्बरीषेण गाथा गीता यशस्विना ।
आधिराज्यं पुरस्कृत्य लोभमेकं निकृन्तता ॥१३॥
13. iti rājñāmbarīṣeṇa gāthā gītā yaśasvinā ,
ādhirājyaṁ puraskṛtya lobhamekaṁ nikṛntatā.
13. iti rājñā ambarīṣeṇa gāthā gītā yaśasvinā
ādhijyam puraskṛtya lobham ekam nikṛntatā
13. iti yaśasvinā rājñā ambarīṣeṇa ādhijyam
puraskṛtya ekam lobham nikṛntatā gāthā gītā
13. Thus, this verse was sung by the glorious King Ambarīṣa, who, by prioritizing supreme dominion, annihilated his sole enemy, greed.