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महाभारतः       mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-156

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जनमेजय उवाच ।
तथा व्यूढेष्वनीकेषु कुरुक्षेत्रे द्विजर्षभ ।
किमकुर्वन्त कुरवः कालेनाभिप्रचोदिताः ॥१॥
1. janamejaya uvāca ,
tathā vyūḍheṣvanīkeṣu kurukṣetre dvijarṣabha ,
kimakurvanta kuravaḥ kālenābhipracoditāḥ.
1. janamejayaḥ uvāca tathā vyūḍheṣu anīkeṣu kurukṣetre
dvijarṣabha kim akurvanta kuravaḥ kālena abhipracoditāḥ
1. janamejayaḥ uvāca dvijarṣabha,
tathā anīkeṣu kuruśetre vyūḍheṣu,
kālena abhipracoditāḥ kuravaḥ kim akurvanta?
1. Janamejaya said: O best of the twice-born, when the armies were thus arrayed on Kurukṣetra, what did the Kurus do, having been impelled by fate (kāla)?
वैशंपायन उवाच ।
तथा व्यूढेष्वनीकेषु यत्तेषु भरतर्षभ ।
धृतराष्ट्रो महाराज संजयं वाक्यमब्रवीत् ॥२॥
2. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
tathā vyūḍheṣvanīkeṣu yatteṣu bharatarṣabha ,
dhṛtarāṣṭro mahārāja saṁjayaṁ vākyamabravīt.
2. vaiśaṃpāyanaḥ uvāca tathā vyūḍheṣu anīkeṣu yatteṣu
bharatarṣabha dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ mahārāja sañjayam vākyam abravīt
2. vaiśaṃpāyanaḥ uvāca bharatarṣabha,
tathā anīkeṣu vyūḍheṣu yatteṣu,
mahārāja dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ sañjayam vākyam abravīt.
2. Vaiśampāyana said: O best of the Bhāratas, when the armies were thus arrayed and prepared, the great King Dhṛtarāṣṭra spoke to Sañjaya.
एहि संजय मे सर्वमाचक्ष्वानवशेषतः ।
सेनानिवेशे यद्वृत्तं कुरुपाण्डवसेनयोः ॥३॥
3. ehi saṁjaya me sarvamācakṣvānavaśeṣataḥ ,
senāniveśe yadvṛttaṁ kurupāṇḍavasenayoḥ.
3. ehi sañjaya me sarvam ācakṣva anavaśeṣataḥ
senāniveśe yat vṛttam kurupāṇḍavasenayoḥ
3. sañjaya,
ehi me sarvam anavaśeṣataḥ ācakṣva kauravapāṇḍavasenayoḥ senāniveśe yat vṛttam
3. Come, Sañjaya, tell me everything completely, without omission, all that transpired in the encampment of the Kuru and Pāṇḍava armies.
दिष्टमेव परं मन्ये पौरुषं चाप्यनर्थकम् ।
यदहं जानमानोऽपि युद्धदोषान्क्षयोदयान् ॥४॥
4. diṣṭameva paraṁ manye pauruṣaṁ cāpyanarthakam ,
yadahaṁ jānamāno'pi yuddhadoṣānkṣayodayān.
4. diṣṭam eva param manye pauruṣam ca api anarthakam
| yat aham jānamānaḥ api yuddhadoṣān kṣayodayān
4. aham diṣṭam eva param manye,
pauruṣam ca api anarthakam.
yat (aham) yuddhadoṣān kṣayodayān jānamānaḥ api (asmi)
4. I certainly consider fate (diṣṭa) to be supreme, and human effort (pauruṣa) to be futile. This is because, even though I am aware of the defects of war - its destruction and its outcomes (kṣayodayān) -
तथापि निकृतिप्रज्ञं पुत्रं दुर्द्यूतदेविनम् ।
न शक्नोमि नियन्तुं वा कर्तुं वा हितमात्मनः ॥५॥
5. tathāpi nikṛtiprajñaṁ putraṁ durdyūtadevinam ,
na śaknomi niyantuṁ vā kartuṁ vā hitamātmanaḥ.
5. tathāpi nikṛtiprajñam putram durdyūtadevinam |
na śaknomi niyantum vā kartum vā hitam ātmanaḥ
5. tathāpi (aham) nikṛtiprajñam durdyūtadevinam putram niyantum na śaknomi,
vā ātmanaḥ hitam kartum na śaknomi.
5. Nevertheless, I am unable to control my son, who possesses a deceitful mind (nikṛtiprajña) and is addicted to wicked gambling (durdyūtadevin), or to accomplish what is beneficial for myself (ātman).
भवत्येव हि मे सूत बुद्धिर्दोषानुदर्शिनी ।
दुर्योधनं समासाद्य पुनः सा परिवर्तते ॥६॥
6. bhavatyeva hi me sūta buddhirdoṣānudarśinī ,
duryodhanaṁ samāsādya punaḥ sā parivartate.
6. bhavati eva hi me sūta buddhiḥ doṣānudarśinī
| Duryodhanam samāsādya punaḥ sā parivartate
6. sūta,
me buddhiḥ doṣānudarśinī eva hi bhavati,
(kintu) Duryodhanam samāsādya sā punaḥ परिवर्तते।
6. Indeed, my charioteer (sūta), my intellect (buddhi) is discerning of faults. But upon encountering Duryodhana, that very intellect (buddhi) again undergoes a change.
एवं गते वै यद्भावि तद्भविष्यति संजय ।
क्षत्रधर्मः किल रणे तनुत्यागोऽभिपूजितः ॥७॥
7. evaṁ gate vai yadbhāvi tadbhaviṣyati saṁjaya ,
kṣatradharmaḥ kila raṇe tanutyāgo'bhipūjitaḥ.
7. evam gate vai yat bhāvi tat bhaviṣyati Sañjaya
| kṣatradharmaḥ kila raṇe tanutyāgaḥ abhipūjitaḥ
7. Sañjaya,
evam gate vai yat bhāvi tat bhaviṣyati.
kila raṇe tanutyāgaḥ kṣatradharmaḥ abhipūjitaḥ (asti).
7. Since things have come to this (evam gate), whatever is destined (yad bhāvi) will certainly come to pass, Sanjaya. For, indeed, the abandonment of one's body (tanutyāga) in battle is highly revered as the natural law (dharma) for a warrior (kṣatra).
संजय उवाच ।
त्वद्युक्तोऽयमनुप्रश्नो महाराज यथार्हसि ।
न तु दुर्योधने दोषमिममासक्तुमर्हसि ।
शृणुष्वानवशेषेण वदतो मम पार्थिव ॥८॥
8. saṁjaya uvāca ,
tvadyukto'yamanupraśno mahārāja yathārhasi ,
na tu duryodhane doṣamimamāsaktumarhasi ,
śṛṇuṣvānavaśeṣeṇa vadato mama pārthiva.
8. sañjaya uvāca | tvat yuktaḥ ayam anuprasnaḥ
mahārāja yathā arhasi | na tu
duryodhane doṣam imam āsaktum arhasi |
śṛṇuṣva anavaśeṣeṇa vadataḥ mama pārthiva
8. sañjaya uvāca mahārāja tvat yuktaḥ ayam
anuprasnaḥ yathā arhasi na tu
duryodhane imam doṣam āsaktum arhasi pārthiva
mama vadataḥ anavaśeṣeṇa śṛṇuṣva
8. Sanjaya said: O great king (mahārāja), this question of yours is appropriate, as it is fitting for you. However, you should not attribute this fault to Duryodhana. O ruler of the earth (pārthiva), listen to me completely as I speak.
य आत्मनो दुश्चरितादशुभं प्राप्नुयान्नरः ।
एनसा न स दैवं वा कालं वा गन्तुमर्हति ॥९॥
9. ya ātmano duścaritādaśubhaṁ prāpnuyānnaraḥ ,
enasā na sa daivaṁ vā kālaṁ vā gantumarhati.
9. yaḥ ātmanaḥ duścaritāt aśubham prāpnuyāt naraḥ
| enasā na sa daivam vā kālam vā gantum arhasi
9. naraḥ yaḥ ātmanaḥ duścaritāt aśubham prāpnuyāt (tvam)
enasā (sa doṣam) daivam vā kālam vā gantum na arhasi
9. A person (naraḥ) who obtains misfortune (aśubha) due to his own evil deeds (duścarita), you (O King) should not, on account of this offense (enasā), attribute that [fault] to fate or to time.
महाराज मनुष्येषु निन्द्यं यः सर्वमाचरेत् ।
स वध्यः सर्वलोकस्य निन्दितानि समाचरन् ॥१०॥
10. mahārāja manuṣyeṣu nindyaṁ yaḥ sarvamācaret ,
sa vadhyaḥ sarvalokasya ninditāni samācaran.
10. mahārāja manuṣyeṣu nindyam yaḥ sarvam ācaret
| sa vadhyaḥ sarvalokasya ninditāni samācaran
10. mahārāja manuṣyeṣu yaḥ sarvam nindyam ācaret
ninditāni samācaran sa sarvalokasya vadhyaḥ
10. O great king (mahārāja), a person who commits all reproachable deeds (nindya) among men, that person is deserving of death by all people, if he continues to perform censurable actions.
निकारा मनुजश्रेष्ठ पाण्डवैस्त्वत्प्रतीक्षया ।
अनुभूताः सहामात्यैर्निकृतैरधिदेवने ॥११॥
11. nikārā manujaśreṣṭha pāṇḍavaistvatpratīkṣayā ,
anubhūtāḥ sahāmātyairnikṛtairadhidevane.
11. nikārāḥ manujaśreṣṭha pāṇḍavaiḥ tvatpratīkṣayā
| anubhūtāḥ saha amātyaiḥ nikṛtaiḥ adhidevane
11. manujaśreṣṭha pāṇḍavaiḥ saha nikṛtaiḥ amātyaiḥ
tvatpratīkṣayā adhidevane nikārāḥ anubhūtāḥ
11. O best of men (manujaśreṣṭha), the insults (nikāra) were experienced by the Pāṇḍavas, along with their ministers (amātya), who were deceived (nikṛta) in the gambling hall (adhidevana), while they awaited you.
हयानां च गजानां च राज्ञां चामिततेजसाम् ।
वैशसं समरे वृत्तं यत्तन्मे शृणु सर्वशः ॥१२॥
12. hayānāṁ ca gajānāṁ ca rājñāṁ cāmitatejasām ,
vaiśasaṁ samare vṛttaṁ yattanme śṛṇu sarvaśaḥ.
12. hayānām ca gajānām ca rājñām ca amitatejasām
vaiśasam samare vṛttam yat tat me śṛṇu sarvaśaḥ
12. me yat amitatejasām hayānām ca gajānām ca rājñām
ca samare vṛttam vaiśasam tat sarvaśaḥ śṛṇu
12. Listen to me completely about the slaughter that occurred in the battle, involving horses, elephants, and kings of immeasurable valor.
स्थिरो भूत्वा महाराज सर्वलोकक्षयोदयम् ।
यथाभूतं महायुद्धे श्रुत्वा मा विमना भव ॥१३॥
13. sthiro bhūtvā mahārāja sarvalokakṣayodayam ,
yathābhūtaṁ mahāyuddhe śrutvā mā vimanā bhava.
13. sthiraḥ bhūtvā mahārāja sarvalokakṣayodayam
yathābhūtam mahāyuddhe śrutvā mā vimanā bhava
13. mahārāja sthiraḥ bhūtvā mahāyuddhe sarvalokakṣayodayam
yathābhūtam śrutvā vimanāḥ mā bhava
13. O great king, stabilize yourself, and do not be disheartened after hearing a true account of the great war, which encompasses the destruction and emergence of all beings.
न ह्येव कर्ता पुरुषः कर्मणोः शुभपापयोः ।
अस्वतन्त्रो हि पुरुषः कार्यते दारुयन्त्रवत् ॥१४॥
14. na hyeva kartā puruṣaḥ karmaṇoḥ śubhapāpayoḥ ,
asvatantro hi puruṣaḥ kāryate dāruyantravat.
14. na hi eva kartā puruṣaḥ karmaṇoḥ śubhapāpayoḥ
asvatantraḥ hi puruṣaḥ kāryate dāruyantravat
14. puruṣaḥ hi śubhapāpayoḥ karmaṇoḥ kartā na eva
hi puruṣaḥ asvatantraḥ dāruyantravat kāryate
14. Indeed, a person (puruṣa) is not the doer of good or bad actions (karma), for a person (puruṣa) is not independent; he is made to act like a wooden puppet.
केचिदीश्वरनिर्दिष्टाः केचिदेव यदृच्छया ।
पूर्वकर्मभिरप्यन्ये त्रैधमेतद्विकृष्यते ॥१५॥
15. kecidīśvaranirdiṣṭāḥ kecideva yadṛcchayā ,
pūrvakarmabhirapyanye traidhametadvikṛṣyate.
15. kecit īśvaranirdiṣṭāḥ kecit eva yadṛcchayā
pūrvakarmabhiḥ api anye traidham etat vikṛṣyate
15. kecit īśvaranirdiṣṭāḥ kecit eva yadṛcchayā anye
api pūrvakarmabhiḥ etat traidham vikṛṣyate
15. Some are destined by the Lord, others indeed by chance, and still others by past actions (karma). This (process) is brought about in three ways.