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महाभारतः       mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-43

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भीष्म उवाच ।
तमागतमभिप्रेक्ष्य शिष्यं वाक्यमथाब्रवीत् ।
देवशर्मा महातेजा यत्तच्छृणु नराधिप ॥१॥
1. bhīṣma uvāca ,
tamāgatamabhiprekṣya śiṣyaṁ vākyamathābravīt ,
devaśarmā mahātejā yattacchṛṇu narādhipa.
1. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca tam āgatam abhiprekṣya śiṣyam vākyam
atha abravīt devaśarmā mahātejā yat tat śṛṇu narādhipa
1. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca narādhipa yat mahātejā devaśarmā tam
āgatam śiṣyam abhiprekṣya atha abravīt tat śṛṇu
1. Bhīṣma said: 'O king (narādhipa), hear what the greatly resplendent Devasharma then spoke, having seen that disciple who had arrived.'
देवशर्मोवाच ।
किं ते विपुल दृष्टं वै तस्मिन्नद्य महावने ।
ते त्वा जानन्ति निपुण आत्मा च रुचिरेव च ॥२॥
2. devaśarmovāca ,
kiṁ te vipula dṛṣṭaṁ vai tasminnadya mahāvane ,
te tvā jānanti nipuṇa ātmā ca rucireva ca.
2. devaśarmā uvāca kim te vipula dṛṣṭam vai tasmin adya
mahāvane te tvā jānanti nipuṇa ātmā ca ruciḥ eva ca
2. devaśarmā uvāca vipula nipuṇa te adya tasmin mahāvane
kim vai dṛṣṭam te tvā ātmā ca ruciḥ ca eva jānanti
2. Devasharma said: 'O Vipula, what indeed did you see today in that great forest? O skillful one (nipuṇa), they know you, and your inner self (ātman) and your disposition (ruci) as well.'
विपुल उवाच ।
ब्रह्मर्षे मिथुनं किं तत्के च ते पुरुषा विभो ।
ये मां जानन्ति तत्त्वेन तांश्च मे वक्तुमर्हसि ॥३॥
3. vipula uvāca ,
brahmarṣe mithunaṁ kiṁ tatke ca te puruṣā vibho ,
ye māṁ jānanti tattvena tāṁśca me vaktumarhasi.
3. vipula uvāca brahmarṣe mithunam kim tat ke ca te puruṣāḥ
vibho ye mām jānanti tattvena tān ca me vaktum arhasi
3. vipula uvāca brahmarṣe mithunam kim tat ke ca te puruṣāḥ
vibho ye mām jānanti tattvena tān ca me vaktum arhasi
3. Vipula said: "O brahmin sage, what is that pair, and who are those persons, O powerful one, who know me truly? You should tell me about them."
देवशर्मोवाच ।
यद्वै तन्मिथुनं ब्रह्मन्नहोरात्रं हि विद्धि तत् ।
चक्रवत्परिवर्तेत तत्ते जानाति दुष्कृतम् ॥४॥
4. devaśarmovāca ,
yadvai tanmithunaṁ brahmannahorātraṁ hi viddhi tat ,
cakravatparivarteta tatte jānāti duṣkṛtam.
4. devaśarman uvāca yat vai tat mithunam brahman ahorātram
hi viddhi tat cakravat parivarteta tat te jānāti duṣkṛtam
4. devaśarman uvāca yat vai tat mithunam brahman ahorātram
hi viddhi tat cakravat parivarteta tat te jānāti duṣkṛtam
4. Devasharman said: "O brahmin, know that the pair is indeed day and night; it revolves like a wheel, and that (cycle) knows your misdeeds (karma)."
ये च ते पुरुषा विप्र अक्षैर्दीव्यन्ति हृष्टवत् ।
ऋतूंस्तानभिजानीहि ते ते जानन्ति दुष्कृतम् ॥५॥
5. ye ca te puruṣā vipra akṣairdīvyanti hṛṣṭavat ,
ṛtūṁstānabhijānīhi te te jānanti duṣkṛtam.
5. ye ca te puruṣāḥ vipra akṣaiḥ dīvyanti hṛṣṭavat
ṛtūn tān abhijānīhi te te jānanti duṣkṛtam
5. ye ca te puruṣāḥ vipra akṣaiḥ dīvyanti hṛṣṭavat
ṛtūn tān abhijānīhi te te jānanti duṣkṛtam
5. And O brahmin, those persons who play with dice joyfully, know them to be the seasons. They (the seasons) know your misdeeds (karma).
न मां कश्चिद्विजानीत इति कृत्वा न विश्वसेत् ।
नरो रहसि पापात्मा पापकं कर्म वै द्विज ॥६॥
6. na māṁ kaścidvijānīta iti kṛtvā na viśvaset ,
naro rahasi pāpātmā pāpakaṁ karma vai dvija.
6. na mām kaścit vijānīte iti kṛtvā na viśvaset
naraḥ rahasi pāpātmā pāpakam karma vai dvija
6. na mām kaścit vijānīte iti kṛtvā na viśvaset
naraḥ rahasi pāpātmā pāpakam karma vai dvija
6. O twice-born (dvija), one should not trust the thought, 'No one knows me.' A person with a sinful nature (pāpātman) performs sinful deeds (karma) in secret.
कुर्वाणं हि नरं कर्म पापं रहसि सर्वदा ।
पश्यन्ति ऋतवश्चापि तथा दिननिशेऽप्युत ॥७॥
7. kurvāṇaṁ hi naraṁ karma pāpaṁ rahasi sarvadā ,
paśyanti ṛtavaścāpi tathā dinaniśe'pyuta.
7. kurvāṇam hi naram karma pāpam rahasi sarvadā
paśyanti ṛtavaḥ ca api tathā dinaniśe api uta
7. hi ṛtavaḥ ca api tathā dinaniśe api uta sarvadā
rahasi pāpam karma kurvāṇam naram paśyanti
7. Indeed, the seasons, and likewise day and night, always observe a person performing a sinful deed (karma) in secret.
ते त्वां हर्षस्मितं दृष्ट्वा गुरोः कर्मानिवेदकम् ।
स्मारयन्तस्तथा प्राहुस्ते यथा श्रुतवान्भवान् ॥८॥
8. te tvāṁ harṣasmitaṁ dṛṣṭvā guroḥ karmānivedakam ,
smārayantastathā prāhuste yathā śrutavānbhavān.
8. te tvām harṣasmitam dṛṣṭvā guroḥ karma anivedakam
smārayantaḥ tathā prāhuḥ te yathā śrutavān bhavān
8. te harṣasmitam guroḥ karma anivedakam tvām dṛṣṭvā
smārayantaḥ tathā te prāhuḥ yathā bhavān śrutavān
8. Seeing you smiling happily and not reporting the guru's deed (karma), they reminded you and spoke to you just as you had heard.
अहोरात्रं विजानाति ऋतवश्चापि नित्यशः ।
पुरुषे पापकं कर्म शुभं वा शुभकर्मणः ॥९॥
9. ahorātraṁ vijānāti ṛtavaścāpi nityaśaḥ ,
puruṣe pāpakaṁ karma śubhaṁ vā śubhakarmaṇaḥ.
9. ahorātram vijānāti ṛtavaḥ ca api nityaśaḥ
puruṣe pāpakam karma śubham vā śubhakarmaṇaḥ
9. ahorātram ca ṛtavaḥ api nityaśaḥ puruṣe
śubhakarmaṇaḥ pāpakam karma vā śubham vijānāti
9. Throughout day and night, and also the seasons, constantly perceive the sinful or good deed (karma) of a person (puruṣa), even of one who is a performer of good deeds (śubhakarmaṇ).
तत्त्वया मम यत्कर्म व्यभिचाराद्भयात्मकम् ।
नाख्यातमिति जानन्तस्ते त्वामाहुस्तथा द्विज ॥१०॥
10. tattvayā mama yatkarma vyabhicārādbhayātmakam ,
nākhyātamiti jānantaste tvāmāhustathā dvija.
10. tat tvayā mama yat karma vyabhicārāt bhayātmakam
na ākhyātam iti jānantaḥ te tvām āhuḥ tathā dvija
10. tat dvija,
te (mama vyabhicārāt bhayātmakam yat karma tvayā na ākhyātam) iti jānantaḥ tathā tvām āhuḥ
10. Therefore, O twice-born (dvija), knowing that my deed (karma), which was inherently fearful due to a transgression, was not reported by you, they spoke to you thus.
ते चैव हि भवेयुस्ते लोकाः पापकृतो यथा ।
कृत्वा नाचक्षतः कर्म मम यच्च त्वया कृतम् ॥११॥
11. te caiva hi bhaveyuste lokāḥ pāpakṛto yathā ,
kṛtvā nācakṣataḥ karma mama yacca tvayā kṛtam.
11. te ca eva hi bhaveyuḥ te lokāḥ pāpakṛtaḥ yathā
kṛtvā na ācakṣataḥ karma mama yat ca tvayā kṛtam
11. Indeed, they would become like those people who commit sinful acts, having performed my deed and also that which was done by you, without revealing it.
तथा शक्या च दुर्वृत्ता रक्षितुं प्रमदा द्विज ।
न च त्वं कृतवान्किंचिदागः प्रीतोऽस्मि तेन ते ॥१२॥
12. tathā śakyā ca durvṛttā rakṣituṁ pramadā dvija ,
na ca tvaṁ kṛtavānkiṁcidāgaḥ prīto'smi tena te.
12. tathā śakyā ca durvṛttā rakṣitum pramadā dvija na
ca tvam kṛtavān kiñcit āgaḥ prītaḥ asmi tena te
12. Thus, O Brahmin, it is possible to protect even an ill-behaved woman. And since you have not committed any offense, I am pleased with you for that.
यदि त्वहं त्वा दुर्वृत्तमद्राक्षं द्विजसत्तम ।
शपेयं त्वामहं क्रोधान्न मेऽत्रास्ति विचारणा ॥१३॥
13. yadi tvahaṁ tvā durvṛttamadrākṣaṁ dvijasattama ,
śapeyaṁ tvāmahaṁ krodhānna me'trāsti vicāraṇā.
13. yadi tu aham tvā durvṛttam adrākṣam dvijasattama
śapeyam tvām aham krodhāt na me atra asti vicāraṇā
13. But if I had seen you misbehaving, O best of Brahmins, I would have cursed you out of anger; there would be no reconsideration for me in this matter.
सज्जन्ति पुरुषे नार्यः पुंसां सोऽर्थश्च पुष्कलः ।
अन्यथा रक्षतः शापोऽभविष्यत्ते गतिश्च सा ॥१४॥
14. sajjanti puruṣe nāryaḥ puṁsāṁ so'rthaśca puṣkalaḥ ,
anyathā rakṣataḥ śāpo'bhaviṣyatte gatiśca sā.
14. sajjanti puruṣe nāryaḥ puṃsām saḥ arthaḥ ca puṣkalaḥ
anyathā rakṣataḥ śāpaḥ abhaviṣyat te gatiḥ ca sā
14. Women become attached to men, and that is a considerable objective for men. However, if a protector acts otherwise (improperly), a curse would surely have been his lot, and that would be his ultimate destination (gati).
रक्षिता सा त्वया पुत्र मम चापि निवेदिता ।
अहं ते प्रीतिमांस्तात स्वस्ति स्वर्गं गमिष्यसि ॥१५॥
15. rakṣitā sā tvayā putra mama cāpi niveditā ,
ahaṁ te prītimāṁstāta svasti svargaṁ gamiṣyasi.
15. rakṣitā sā tvayā putra mama ca api niveditā
aham te prītimān tāta svasti svargam gamiṣyasi
15. She has been protected by you, my son, and also reported back to me. I am pleased with you, dear child. May all be well; you shall go to heaven.
भीष्म उवाच ।
इत्युक्त्वा विपुलं प्रीतो देवशर्मा महानृषिः ।
मुमोद स्वर्गमास्थाय सहभार्यः सशिष्यकः ॥१६॥
16. bhīṣma uvāca ,
ityuktvā vipulaṁ prīto devaśarmā mahānṛṣiḥ ,
mumoda svargamāsthāya sahabhāryaḥ saśiṣyakaḥ.
16. bhīṣma uvāca iti uktvā vipulam prītaḥ devaśarmā mahān
ṛṣiḥ mumoda svargam āsthāya sahabhāryaḥ saśiṣyakaḥ
16. Bhishma said: Having spoken thus, the great sage Devasharma, greatly pleased, rejoiced after ascending to heaven along with his wife and disciples.
इदमाख्यातवांश्चापि ममाख्यानं महामुनिः ।
मार्कण्डेयः पुरा राजन्गङ्गाकूले कथान्तरे ॥१७॥
17. idamākhyātavāṁścāpi mamākhyānaṁ mahāmuniḥ ,
mārkaṇḍeyaḥ purā rājangaṅgākūle kathāntare.
17. idam ākhyātavān ca api mama ākhyānam mahāmuniḥ
mārkaṇḍeyaḥ purā rājan gaṅgākūle kathāntare
17. O King, the great (muni) Mārkaṇḍeya also narrated this story to me formerly, on the bank of the Gaṅgā, in the midst of another discourse.
तस्माद्ब्रवीमि पार्थ त्वा स्त्रियः सर्वाः सदैव च ।
उभयं दृश्यते तासु सततं साध्वसाधु च ॥१८॥
18. tasmādbravīmi pārtha tvā striyaḥ sarvāḥ sadaiva ca ,
ubhayaṁ dṛśyate tāsu satataṁ sādhvasādhu ca.
18. tasmāt bravīmi pārtha tvā striyaḥ sarvāḥ sadā eva
ca ubhayam dṛśyate tāsu satatam sādhu asādhu ca
18. Therefore, I tell you, Partha, that in all women, both good and bad qualities are constantly observed.
स्त्रियः साध्व्यो महाभागाः संमता लोकमातरः ।
धारयन्ति महीं राजन्निमां सवनकाननाम् ॥१९॥
19. striyaḥ sādhvyo mahābhāgāḥ saṁmatā lokamātaraḥ ,
dhārayanti mahīṁ rājannimāṁ savanakānanām.
19. striyaḥ sādhvyaḥ mahābhāgāḥ saṃmatāḥ lokamātaraḥ
dhārayanti mahīm rājan imām savanakānanām
19. rājan sādhvyaḥ mahābhāgāḥ saṃmatāḥ lokamātaraḥ
striyaḥ imām savanakānanām mahīm dhārayanti
19. O king, virtuous, highly esteemed, and respected women, who are like mothers to the world, sustain this earth with its forests and groves.
असाध्व्यश्चापि दुर्वृत्ताः कुलघ्न्यः पापनिश्चयाः ।
विज्ञेया लक्षणैर्दुष्टैः स्वगात्रसहजैर्नृप ॥२०॥
20. asādhvyaścāpi durvṛttāḥ kulaghnyaḥ pāpaniścayāḥ ,
vijñeyā lakṣaṇairduṣṭaiḥ svagātrasahajairnṛpa.
20. asādhvyaḥ ca api durvṛttāḥ kulaghnyaḥ pāpaniścayāḥ
vijñeyāḥ lakṣaṇaiḥ duṣṭaiḥ svagātrasahajaiḥ nṛpa
20. nṛpa asādhvyaḥ ca api durvṛttāḥ kulaghnyaḥ pāpaniścayāḥ
duṣṭaiḥ svagātrasahajaiḥ lakṣaṇaiḥ vijñeyāḥ
20. And also, O king, ill-behaved women who are not virtuous (asādhvyaḥ), destroyers of families, and have sinful intentions, should be recognized by the evil characteristics inherent in their own bodies.
एवमेतासु रक्षा वै शक्या कर्तुं महात्मभिः ।
अन्यथा राजशार्दूल न शक्या रक्षितुं स्त्रियः ॥२१॥
21. evametāsu rakṣā vai śakyā kartuṁ mahātmabhiḥ ,
anyathā rājaśārdūla na śakyā rakṣituṁ striyaḥ.
21. evam etāsu rakṣā vai śakyā kartum mahātmabhiḥ
anyathā rājaśārdūla na śakyā rakṣitum striyaḥ
21. rājaśārdūla evam etāsu rakṣā vai mahātmabhiḥ
kartum śakyā anyathā striyaḥ na rakṣitum śakyā
21. In this way, O tiger among kings, protection for these women can indeed be provided by great persons (mahātmabhiḥ); otherwise, women cannot be protected.
एता हि मनुजव्याघ्र तीक्ष्णास्तीक्ष्णपराक्रमाः ।
नासामस्ति प्रियो नाम मैथुने संगमे नृभिः ॥२२॥
22. etā hi manujavyāghra tīkṣṇāstīkṣṇaparākramāḥ ,
nāsāmasti priyo nāma maithune saṁgame nṛbhiḥ.
22. etāḥ hi manujavyāghra tīkṣṇāḥ tīkṣṇaparākramāḥ
na āsām asti priyaḥ nāma maithune saṅgame nṛbhiḥ
22. manujavyāghra hi etāḥ tīkṣṇāḥ tīkṣṇaparākramāḥ
āsām nṛbhiḥ maithune saṅgame priyaḥ nāma na asti
22. Indeed, O tiger among men (manujavyāghra), these (unvirtuous women) are cruel and have fierce strength. For them, there is truly no "beloved" in sexual union or contact with men; they are indiscriminate.
एताः कृत्याश्च कार्याश्च कृताश्च भरतर्षभ ।
न चैकस्मिन्रमन्त्येताः पुरुषे पाण्डुनन्दन ॥२३॥
23. etāḥ kṛtyāśca kāryāśca kṛtāśca bharatarṣabha ,
na caikasminramantyetāḥ puruṣe pāṇḍunandana.
23. bharatarṣabha pāṇḍunandana etāḥ kṛtyāḥ ca kāryāḥ
ca kṛtāḥ ca na ca etāḥ ekasmin puruṣe ramanti
23. O best of Bharatas, O son of Pāṇḍu, these (women) embody tasks to be performed, duties to be fulfilled, and actions already accomplished. Yet, they do not find contentment in a single man.
नासु स्नेहो नृभिः कार्यस्तथैवेर्ष्या जनेश्वर ।
खेदमास्थाय भुञ्जीत धर्ममास्थाय चैव हि ॥२४॥
24. nāsu sneho nṛbhiḥ kāryastathaiverṣyā janeśvara ,
khedamāsthāya bhuñjīta dharmamāsthāya caiva hi.
24. janeśvara nṛbhiḥ na āsu snehaḥ kāryaḥ tathā eva īrṣyā
ca eva hi khedam āsthāya dharmam āsthāya bhuñjīta
24. O lord of men, affection should not be shown towards them by men, nor likewise jealousy. One should engage with them by undertaking effort, and indeed, by upholding (their) intrinsic nature (dharma).
विहन्येतान्यथा कुर्वन्नरः कौरवनन्दन ।
सर्वथा राजशार्दूल युक्तिः सर्वत्र पूज्यते ॥२५॥
25. vihanyetānyathā kurvannaraḥ kauravanandana ,
sarvathā rājaśārdūla yuktiḥ sarvatra pūjyate.
25. kauravanandana anyathā kurvan naraḥ vihanyeta
rājaśārdūla sarvathā yuktiḥ sarvatra pūjyate
25. A man acting otherwise would be ruined, O son of the Kuru dynasty. In every way, O tiger among kings, propriety is respected everywhere.
तेनैकेन तु रक्षा वै विपुलेन कृता स्त्रियाः ।
नान्यः शक्तो नृलोकेऽस्मिन्रक्षितुं नृप योषितः ॥२६॥
26. tenaikena tu rakṣā vai vipulena kṛtā striyāḥ ,
nānyaḥ śakto nṛloke'sminrakṣituṁ nṛpa yoṣitaḥ.
26. nṛpa tena ekena tu vai striyāḥ vipulena kṛtā rakṣā
asmin nṛloke anyaḥ yoṣitaḥ rakṣitum na śaktaḥ
26. But by that one man, indeed, great protection was afforded for the woman. No other person in this human world is capable, O king, of protecting women.