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महाभारतः       mahābhārataḥ - book-11, chapter-5

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धृतराष्ट्र उवाच ।
यदिदं धर्मगहनं बुद्ध्या समनुगम्यते ।
एतद्विस्तरशः सर्वं बुद्धिमार्गं प्रशंस मे ॥१॥
1. dhṛtarāṣṭra uvāca ,
yadidaṁ dharmagahanaṁ buddhyā samanugamyate ,
etadvistaraśaḥ sarvaṁ buddhimārgaṁ praśaṁsa me.
1. dhṛtarāṣṭra uvāca yat idam dharmagahanam buddhyā
samanugamyate etat vistaraśaḥ sarvam buddhimārgam praśaṃsa me
1. dhṛtarāṣṭra uvāca: yat idam dharmagahanam buddhyā samanugamyate,
etat sarvam buddhimārgam vistaraśaḥ me praśaṃsa
1. Dhritarashtra said: "Please describe to me in detail this entire intellectual path (buddhimārga) by which this profound subject of natural law (dharma) is comprehended."
विदुर उवाच ।
अत्र ते वर्तयिष्यामि नमस्कृत्वा स्वयंभुवे ।
यथा संसारगहनं वदन्ति परमर्षयः ॥२॥
2. vidura uvāca ,
atra te vartayiṣyāmi namaskṛtvā svayaṁbhuve ,
yathā saṁsāragahanaṁ vadanti paramarṣayaḥ.
2. viduraḥ uvāca atra te vartayiṣyāmi namaskṛtvā
svayambhuve yathā saṃsāragahanam vadanti paramarṣayaḥ
2. viduraḥ uvāca svayambhuve namaskṛtvā atra te yathā
paramarṣayaḥ saṃsāragahanam vadanti vartayiṣyāmi
2. Vidura said: Having offered obeisance to the Self-existent One, I will now explain to you how the great sages (paramarṣi) describe the profound wilderness of existence (saṃsāra).
कश्चिन्महति संसारे वर्तमानो द्विजः किल ।
वनं दुर्गमनुप्राप्तो महत्क्रव्यादसंकुलम् ॥३॥
3. kaścinmahati saṁsāre vartamāno dvijaḥ kila ,
vanaṁ durgamanuprāpto mahatkravyādasaṁkulam.
3. kaścit mahati saṃsāre vartamānaḥ dvijaḥ kila
vanam durgam anuprāptaḥ mahat kravyādasaṅkulam
3. kila kaścit dvijaḥ mahati saṃsāre vartamānaḥ
mahat kravyādasaṅkulam durgam vanam anuprāptaḥ
3. A certain twice-born man (dvija), living in this vast cycle of existence (saṃsāra), arrived at a formidable forest, densely populated by large carnivorous creatures.
सिंहव्याघ्रगजाकारैरतिघोरैर्महाशनैः ।
समन्तात्संपरिक्षिप्तं मृत्योरपि भयप्रदम् ॥४॥
4. siṁhavyāghragajākārairatighorairmahāśanaiḥ ,
samantātsaṁparikṣiptaṁ mṛtyorapi bhayapradam.
4. siṃhavyāghragajākāraiḥ atighoraiḥ mahāśanaiḥ
samantāt samparikṣiptam mṛtyoḥ api bhayapradam
4. siṃhavyāghragajākāraiḥ atighoraiḥ mahāśanaiḥ
samantāt samparikṣiptam mṛtyoḥ api bhayapradam
4. It was completely surrounded on all sides by extremely dreadful creatures, resembling lions, tigers, and elephants, with enormous jaws, inspiring fear even in Death itself.
तदस्य दृष्ट्वा हृदयमुद्वेगमगमत्परम् ।
अभ्युच्छ्रयश्च रोम्णां वै विक्रियाश्च परंतप ॥५॥
5. tadasya dṛṣṭvā hṛdayamudvegamagamatparam ,
abhyucchrayaśca romṇāṁ vai vikriyāśca paraṁtapa.
5. tat asya dṛṣṭvā hṛdayam udvegam agamat param
abhyucchrayaḥ ca romṇām vai vikriyāḥ ca parantapa
5. parantapa tat asya dṛṣṭvā hṛdayam param udvegam
agamat ca romṇām abhyucchrayaḥ vai ca vikriyāḥ
5. Upon seeing that, his heart became filled with extreme agitation, and indeed, his hairs stood on end and there were bodily distortions, O tormentor of enemies (parantapa).
स तद्वनं व्यनुसरन्विप्रधावनितस्ततः ।
वीक्षमाणो दिशः सर्वाः शरणं क्व भवेदिति ॥६॥
6. sa tadvanaṁ vyanusaranvipradhāvanitastataḥ ,
vīkṣamāṇo diśaḥ sarvāḥ śaraṇaṁ kva bhavediti.
6. saḥ tat vanam vyanusaran vipradhāvan itaḥ tataḥ
vīkṣamāṇaḥ diśaḥ sarvāḥ śaraṇam kva bhavet iti
6. saḥ tat vanam vyanusaran itaḥ tataḥ vipradhāvan
sarvāḥ diśaḥ vīkṣamāṇaḥ kva śaraṇam bhavet iti
6. He pursued that forest, running hither and thither, looking in all directions, (thinking to himself,) "where could there be refuge?"
स तेषां छिद्रमन्विच्छन्प्रद्रुतो भयपीडितः ।
न च निर्याति वै दूरं न च तैर्विप्रयुज्यते ॥७॥
7. sa teṣāṁ chidramanvicchanpradruto bhayapīḍitaḥ ,
na ca niryāti vai dūraṁ na ca tairviprayujyate.
7. saḥ teṣām chidram anvicchan pradrutaḥ bhayapīḍitaḥ
na ca niryāti vai dūram na ca taiḥ viprayujyate
7. saḥ teṣām chidram anvicchan bhayapīḍitaḥ pradrutaḥ
ca na dūram vai niryāti ca na taiḥ viprayujyate
7. Seeking an escape from them, he fled, afflicted by fear. Yet, he could neither get far away nor could he separate himself from them.
अथापश्यद्वनं घोरं समन्ताद्वागुरावृतम् ।
बाहुभ्यां संपरिष्वक्तं स्त्रिया परमघोरया ॥८॥
8. athāpaśyadvanaṁ ghoraṁ samantādvāgurāvṛtam ,
bāhubhyāṁ saṁpariṣvaktaṁ striyā paramaghorayā.
8. atha apaśyat vanam ghoram samantāt vāgurā āvṛtam
bāhubhyām sampariṣvaktam striyā paramaghorayā
8. atha saḥ ghoram vanam apaśyat samantāt vāgurā āvṛtam
paramaghorayā striyā bāhubhyām sampariṣvaktam
8. Then he saw a dreadful forest, encircled on all sides by nets, and embraced by the two arms of an exceedingly terrifying woman.
पञ्चशीर्षधरैर्नागैः शैलैरिव समुन्नतैः ।
नभःस्पृशैर्महावृक्षैः परिक्षिप्तं महावनम् ॥९॥
9. pañcaśīrṣadharairnāgaiḥ śailairiva samunnataiḥ ,
nabhaḥspṛśairmahāvṛkṣaiḥ parikṣiptaṁ mahāvanam.
9. pañcaśīrṣadharaiḥ nāgaiḥ śailaiḥ iva samunnataiḥ
nabhaḥspṛśaiḥ mahāvṛkṣaiḥ parikṣiptam mahāvanam
9. mahāvanam pañcaśīrṣadharaiḥ nāgaiḥ samunnataiḥ
śailaiḥ iva nabhaḥspṛśaiḥ mahāvṛkṣaiḥ parikṣiptam
9. This great forest was encompassed by five-headed serpents, by mountains, as it were, towering high, and by immense trees that touched the sky.
वनमध्ये च तत्राभूदुदपानः समावृतः ।
वल्लीभिस्तृणछन्नाभिर्गूढाभिरभिसंवृतः ॥१०॥
10. vanamadhye ca tatrābhūdudapānaḥ samāvṛtaḥ ,
vallībhistṛṇachannābhirgūḍhābhirabhisaṁvṛtaḥ.
10. vanamadhye ca tatra abhūt udapānaḥ samāvṛtaḥ
vallībhiḥ tṛṇacchannābhiḥ gūḍhābhiḥ abhisaṃvṛtaḥ
10. tatra vanamadhye ca tṛṇacchannābhiḥ gūḍhābhiḥ
vallībhiḥ abhisaṃvṛtaḥ samāvṛtaḥ udapānaḥ abhūt
10. In the middle of the forest, there was a well, completely covered and hidden by creepers overgrown with grass.
पपात स द्विजस्तत्र निगूढे सलिलाशये ।
विलग्नश्चाभवत्तस्मिँल्लतासंतानसंकटे ॥११॥
11. papāta sa dvijastatra nigūḍhe salilāśaye ,
vilagnaścābhavattasmiँllatāsaṁtānasaṁkaṭe.
11. papāta saḥ dvijaḥ tatra nigūḍhe salilāśaye
vilagnaḥ ca abhavat tasmin latāsaṃtānasaṃkaṭe
11. saḥ dvijaḥ tatra nigūḍhe salilāśaye papāta ca
tasmin latāsaṃtānasaṃkaṭe vilagnaḥ abhavat
11. That brahmin (dvija) fell into that hidden well (salilāśaya) and became entangled in the dense, constricted mass of creepers there.
पनसस्य यथा जातं वृन्तबद्धं महाफलम् ।
स तथा लम्बते तत्र ऊर्ध्वपादो ह्यधःशिराः ॥१२॥
12. panasasya yathā jātaṁ vṛntabaddhaṁ mahāphalam ,
sa tathā lambate tatra ūrdhvapādo hyadhaḥśirāḥ.
12. panasasya yathā jātam vṛntabaddham mahāphalam
saḥ tathā lambate tatra ūrdhvapādaḥ hi adhaḥśirāḥ
12. yathā panasasya vṛntabaddham jātam mahāphalam
saḥ tathā tatra ūrdhvapādaḥ adhaḥśirāḥ hi lambate
12. Just as a large fruit grown on a jackfruit tree (panasa), bound by its stalk, hangs, so too he hung there, with his feet upwards and his head downwards.
अथ तत्रापि चान्योऽस्य भूयो जात उपद्रवः ।
कूपवीनाहवेलायामपश्यत महागजम् ॥१३॥
13. atha tatrāpi cānyo'sya bhūyo jāta upadravaḥ ,
kūpavīnāhavelāyāmapaśyata mahāgajam.
13. atha tatra api ca anyaḥ asya bhūyaḥ jātaḥ
upadravaḥ kūpavīnāhavelāyām apaśyata mahāgajam
13. atha tatra api ca asya bhūyaḥ anyaḥ upadravaḥ
jātaḥ kūpavīnāhavelāyām mahāgajam apaśyata
13. Then, another calamity arose for him there. At the mouth of the well, he saw a great elephant.
षड्वक्त्रं कृष्णशबलं द्विषट्कपदचारिणम् ।
क्रमेण परिसर्पन्तं वल्लीवृक्षसमावृतम् ॥१४॥
14. ṣaḍvaktraṁ kṛṣṇaśabalaṁ dviṣaṭkapadacāriṇam ,
krameṇa parisarpantaṁ vallīvṛkṣasamāvṛtam.
14. ṣaḍvaktram kṛṣṇaśabalam dviṣaṭkapadacāriṇam
krameṇa parisarpantam vallīvṛkṣasamāvṛtam
14. ṣaḍvaktram kṛṣṇaśabalam dviṣaṭkapadacāriṇam
krameṇa parisarpantam vallīvṛkṣasamāvṛtam
14. I perceive the [wheel of time] as having six faces, dark and variegated, moving on twelve feet, gradually creeping around, and enveloped by creepers and trees.
तस्य चापि प्रशाखासु वृक्षशाखावलम्बिनः ।
नानारूपा मधुकरा घोररूपा भयावहाः ।
आसते मधु संभृत्य पूर्वमेव निकेतजाः ॥१५॥
15. tasya cāpi praśākhāsu vṛkṣaśākhāvalambinaḥ ,
nānārūpā madhukarā ghorarūpā bhayāvahāḥ ,
āsate madhu saṁbhṛtya pūrvameva niketajāḥ.
15. tasya ca api praśākhāsu
vṛkṣaśākhāvalambinaḥ nānārūpāḥ madhukarāḥ
ghorarūpāḥ bhayāvahāḥ āsate
madhu saṃbhṛtya pūrvam eva niketajāḥ
15. tasya api praśākhāsu vṛkṣaśākhāvalambinaḥ
pūrvam eva niketajāḥ
nānārūpāḥ ghorarūpāḥ bhayāvahāḥ
madhukarāḥ (ca) madhu saṃbhṛtya āsate
15. And on its sub-branches, hanging from the tree's branches, bees of various forms, dreadful-looking and frightening, having gathered honey, dwell there, having been born in the hive itself.
भूयो भूयः समीहन्ते मधूनि भरतर्षभ ।
स्वादनीयानि भूतानां न यैर्बालोऽपि तृप्यते ॥१६॥
16. bhūyo bhūyaḥ samīhante madhūni bharatarṣabha ,
svādanīyāni bhūtānāṁ na yairbālo'pi tṛpyate.
16. bhūyaḥ bhūyaḥ samīhante madhūni bharatarṣabha
svādanīyāni bhūtānām na yaiḥ bālaḥ api tṛpyate
16. bharatarṣabha,
(te) bhūyaḥ bhūyaḥ bhūtānām svādanīyāni madhūni samīhante.
yaiḥ bālaḥ api na tṛpyate
16. O best of Bharatas, they repeatedly desire these palatable honeys for beings, yet even a child is not satisfied by them.
तेषां मधूनां बहुधा धारा प्रस्रवते सदा ।
तां लम्बमानः स पुमान्धारां पिबति सर्वदा ।
न चास्य तृष्णा विरता पिबमानस्य संकटे ॥१७॥
17. teṣāṁ madhūnāṁ bahudhā dhārā prasravate sadā ,
tāṁ lambamānaḥ sa pumāndhārāṁ pibati sarvadā ,
na cāsya tṛṣṇā viratā pibamānasya saṁkaṭe.
17. teṣām madhūnām bahudhā dhārā
prasravate sadā tām lambamānaḥ saḥ
pumān dhārām pibati sarvadā na ca
asya tṛṣṇā viratā pibamānasya saṃkaṭe
17. teṣām madhūnām bahudhā dhārā sadā prasravate.
saḥ pumān lambamānaḥ tām dhārām sarvadā pibati.
ca asya saṅkaṭe pibamānasya tṛṣṇā na viratā
17. A stream of those honeys constantly flows forth in many ways. That man, hanging, always drinks that stream. Yet, his thirst (tṛṣṇā), even while drinking amidst distress, never ceases.
अभीप्सति च तां नित्यमतृप्तः स पुनः पुनः ।
न चास्य जीविते राजन्निर्वेदः समजायत ॥१८॥
18. abhīpsati ca tāṁ nityamatṛptaḥ sa punaḥ punaḥ ,
na cāsya jīvite rājannirvedaḥ samajāyata.
18. abhīpsati ca tām nityam atṛptaḥ sa punaḥ punaḥ
na ca asya jīvite rājan nirvedaḥ samajāyata
18. rājan sa atṛptaḥ tām nityam punaḥ punaḥ ca abhīpsati.
asya jīvite ca nirvedaḥ na samajāyata.
18. And that unsatisfied man constantly desires her again and again. Yet, O King, no disillusionment (nirveda) ever arose regarding his life.
तत्रैव च मनुष्यस्य जीविताशा प्रतिष्ठिता ।
कृष्णाः श्वेताश्च तं वृक्षं कुट्टयन्ति स्म मूषकाः ॥१९॥
19. tatraiva ca manuṣyasya jīvitāśā pratiṣṭhitā ,
kṛṣṇāḥ śvetāśca taṁ vṛkṣaṁ kuṭṭayanti sma mūṣakāḥ.
19. tatra eva ca manuṣyasya jīvitāśā pratiṣṭhitā
kṛṣṇāḥ śvetāḥ ca tam vṛkṣam kuṭṭayanti sma mūṣakāḥ
19. ca manuṣyasya jīvitāśā tatra eva pratiṣṭhitā.
kṛṣṇāḥ ca śvetāḥ mūṣakāḥ tam vṛkṣam kuṭṭayanti sma.
19. And precisely there, the hope for life (jīvitāśā) of man is firmly established. Black and white mice were gnawing at that tree.
व्यालैश्च वनदुर्गान्ते स्त्रिया च परमोग्रया ।
कूपाधस्ताच्च नागेन वीनाहे कुञ्जरेण च ॥२०॥
20. vyālaiśca vanadurgānte striyā ca paramograyā ,
kūpādhastācca nāgena vīnāhe kuñjareṇa ca.
20. vyālaiḥ ca vanadurgānte striyā ca parama ugrayā
kūpādhastāt ca nāgena vīnāhe kuñjareṇa ca
20. ca vanadurgānte vyālaiḥ,
ca paramograyā स्त्रिया.
ca kūpādhastāt nāgena,
ca vīnāhe kuñjareṇa.
20. And by wild beasts at the edge of the difficult-to-traverse forest, and by an exceedingly fierce woman. And from below the well, by a great serpent (nāga), and by an elephant (kuñjara) at the entanglement.
वृक्षप्रपाताच्च भयं मूषकेभ्यश्च पञ्चमम् ।
मधुलोभान्मधुकरैः षष्ठमाहुर्महद्भयम् ॥२१॥
21. vṛkṣaprapātācca bhayaṁ mūṣakebhyaśca pañcamam ,
madhulobhānmadhukaraiḥ ṣaṣṭhamāhurmahadbhayam.
21. vṛkṣaprapātāt ca bhayam mūṣakebhyaḥ ca pañcamam
madhulobhāt madhukaraiḥ ṣaṣṭham āhuḥ mahat bhayam
21. ca vṛkṣaprapātāt bhayam,
ca mūṣakebhyaḥ pañcamam (bhayam).
madhukaraiḥ madhulobhāt ṣaṣṭham mahat bhayam āhuḥ.
21. And fear arises from the fall of the tree, and the fifth (danger) is from the mice. The sixth, a great danger, they say, comes from the desire for honey (madhulobha), caused by the bees.
एवं स वसते तत्र क्षिप्तः संसारसागरे ।
न चैव जीविताशायां निर्वेदमुपगच्छति ॥२२॥
22. evaṁ sa vasate tatra kṣiptaḥ saṁsārasāgare ,
na caiva jīvitāśāyāṁ nirvedamupagacchati.
22. evam saḥ vasate tatra kṣiptaḥ saṃsārasāgare
na ca eva jīvitāśāyām nirvedam upagacchati
22. saḥ kṣiptaḥ saṃsārasāgare evam vasate tatra
ca eva na jīvitāśāyām nirvedam upagacchati
22. Thus, thrown into the ocean of worldly existence (saṃsāra), he dwells there, yet he does not develop dispassion (nirveda) towards the hope of life.