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महाभारतः       mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-105

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युधिष्ठिर उवाच ।
धार्मिकोऽर्थानसंप्राप्य राजामात्यैः प्रबाधितः ।
च्युतः कोशाच्च दण्डाच्च सुखमिच्छन्कथं चरेत् ॥१॥
1. yudhiṣṭhira uvāca ,
dhārmiko'rthānasaṁprāpya rājāmātyaiḥ prabādhitaḥ ,
cyutaḥ kośācca daṇḍācca sukhamicchankathaṁ caret.
1. yudhiṣṭhiraḥ uvāca dhārmikaḥ
arthān asaṃprāpya rājāmātyaiḥ
prabādhitaḥ cyutaḥ kośāt ca daṇḍāt
ca sukham icchan katham caret
1. yudhiṣṭhiraḥ uvāca rājāmātyaiḥ
prabādhitaḥ kośāt ca daṇḍāt ca
cyutaḥ arthān asaṃprāpya sukham
icchan dhārmikaḥ katham caret
1. Yudhishthira asked: How should a righteous person (dhārmika), harassed by the king's ministers, deprived of his treasury and army, and unable to attain resources, live happily?
भीष्म उवाच ।
अत्रायं क्षेमदर्शीयमितिहासोऽनुगीयते ।
तत्तेऽहं संप्रवक्ष्यामि तन्निबोध युधिष्ठिर ॥२॥
2. bhīṣma uvāca ,
atrāyaṁ kṣemadarśīyamitihāso'nugīyate ,
tatte'haṁ saṁpravakṣyāmi tannibodha yudhiṣṭhira.
2. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca atra ayam kṣemadarśīyam itihāsaḥ anugīyate
tat te aham saṃpravakṣyāmi tat nibodha yudhiṣṭhira
2. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca atra ayam itihāsaḥ kṣemadarśīyam anugīyate
aham tat te saṃpravakṣyāmi yudhiṣṭhira tat nibodha
2. Bhishma said: In this regard, this ancient narrative (itihāsa) concerning Kshemadarshin is recited. I will now fully explain it to you; O Yudhishthira, listen and comprehend it.
क्षेमदर्शं नृपसुतं यत्र क्षीणबलं पुरा ।
मुनिः कालकवृक्षीय आजगामेति नः श्रुतम् ।
तं पप्रच्छोपसंगृह्य कृच्छ्रामापदमास्थितः ॥३॥
3. kṣemadarśaṁ nṛpasutaṁ yatra kṣīṇabalaṁ purā ,
muniḥ kālakavṛkṣīya ājagāmeti naḥ śrutam ,
taṁ papracchopasaṁgṛhya kṛcchrāmāpadamāsthitaḥ.
3. kṣemadarśam nṛpasutam yatra kṣīṇabalam
purā muniḥ kālakavṛkṣīyaḥ
ājagāma iti naḥ śrutam tam papraccha
upasaṃgṛhya kṛcchrām āpadam āsthitaḥ
3. naḥ śrutam yat purā muniḥ kālakavṛkṣīyaḥ
ājagāma yatra kṣemadarśam
nṛpasutam kṣīṇabalam kṛcchrām āpadam
āsthitaḥ tam upasaṃgṛhya papraccha
3. We have heard that formerly, a sage named Kālakavṛkṣīya once came to Kshemadarshin, the king's son who had lost his power. Approaching that sage, the king's son, who was in a dire calamity, questioned him.
अर्थेषु भागी पुरुष ईहमानः पुनः पुनः ।
अलब्ध्वा मद्विधो राज्यं ब्रह्मन्किं कर्तुमर्हति ॥४॥
4. artheṣu bhāgī puruṣa īhamānaḥ punaḥ punaḥ ,
alabdhvā madvidho rājyaṁ brahmankiṁ kartumarhati.
4. artheṣu bhāgī puruṣaḥ īhamānaḥ punaḥ punaḥ alabdhvā
madvidhaḥ rājyam brahman kim kartum arhati
4. brahman madvidhaḥ puruṣaḥ artheṣu punaḥ punaḥ
īhamānaḥ rājyam alabdhvā kim kartum arhati
4. O Brahmin, what can a person like me do who, despite striving repeatedly for resources, has failed to obtain a kingdom?
अन्यत्र मरणात्स्तेयादन्यत्र परसंश्रयात् ।
क्षुद्रादन्यत्र चाचारात्तन्ममाचक्ष्व सत्तम ॥५॥
5. anyatra maraṇātsteyādanyatra parasaṁśrayāt ,
kṣudrādanyatra cācārāttanmamācakṣva sattama.
5. anyatra maraṇāt steyāt anyatra parasaṃśrayāt
kṣudrāt anyatra ca ācārāt tat mama ācakṣva sattama
5. sattama,
maraṇāt,
steyāt,
parasaṃśrayāt,
kṣudrāt,
ca,
ācārāt,
anyatra,
anyatra,
anyatra tat mama ācakṣva
5. O best of virtuous ones, please explain that to me which is distinct from death, from theft, from dependence on others, and from trivialities as well as (ordinary) conduct.
व्याधिना चाभिपन्नस्य मानसेनेतरेण वा ।
बहुश्रुतः कृतप्रज्ञस्त्वद्विधः शरणं भवेत् ॥६॥
6. vyādhinā cābhipannasya mānasenetareṇa vā ,
bahuśrutaḥ kṛtaprajñastvadvidhaḥ śaraṇaṁ bhavet.
6. vyādhinā ca abhipannasya mānasena itareṇa vā
bahuśrutaḥ kṛtaprajñaḥ tvadvidhaḥ śaraṇaṃ bhavet
6. vyādhinā ca mānasena itareṇa vā abhipannasya
bahuśrutaḥ kṛtaprajñaḥ tvadvidhaḥ śaraṇaṃ bhavet
6. For one afflicted by disease, whether mental or physical, a person of profound learning and perfected wisdom, one like you, should indeed be a refuge.
निर्विद्य हि नरः कामान्नियम्य सुखमेधते ।
त्यक्त्वा प्रीतिं च शोकं च लब्ध्वाप्रीतिमयं वसु ॥७॥
7. nirvidya hi naraḥ kāmānniyamya sukhamedhate ,
tyaktvā prītiṁ ca śokaṁ ca labdhvāprītimayaṁ vasu.
7. nirvidya hi naraḥ kāmān niyamya sukham edhate
tyaktvā prītiṃ ca śokaṃ ca labdhvā aprītimayam vasu
7. hi naraḥ kāmān nirvidya niyamya prītiṃ ca śokaṃ
ca tyaktvā aprītimayam vasu labdhvā sukham edhate
7. Indeed, having grown indifferent to desires and having controlled them, a person prospers in happiness, having abandoned both pleasure and sorrow, and having gained a state of true wealth (vasu) that is devoid of the usual entanglements of joy (aprītimaya).
सुखमर्थाश्रयं येषामनुशोचामि तानहम् ।
मम ह्यर्थाः सुबहवो नष्टाः स्वप्न इवागताः ॥८॥
8. sukhamarthāśrayaṁ yeṣāmanuśocāmi tānaham ,
mama hyarthāḥ subahavo naṣṭāḥ svapna ivāgatāḥ.
8. sukham arthāśrayam yeṣām anuśocāmi tān aham mama
hi arthāḥ subahavaḥ naṣṭāḥ svapnaḥ iva āgatāḥ
8. aham yeṣām sukham arthāśrayam tān anuśocāmi hi
mama subahavaḥ arthāḥ svapnaḥ iva āgatāḥ naṣṭāḥ
8. I truly grieve for those whose happiness relies on material possessions, for my own numerous possessions, which came as if in a dream, have all been lost.
दुष्करं बत कुर्वन्ति महतोऽर्थांस्त्यजन्ति ये ।
वयं त्वेनान्परित्यक्तुमसतोऽपि न शक्नुमः ॥९॥
9. duṣkaraṁ bata kurvanti mahato'rthāṁstyajanti ye ,
vayaṁ tvenānparityaktumasato'pi na śaknumaḥ.
9. duṣkaram bata kurvanti mahataḥ arthān tyajanti ye
vayam tu enān parityaktum asataḥ api na śaknumaḥ
9. ye mahataḥ arthān tyajanti (te) bata duṣkaram kurvanti
vayam tu enān asataḥ api parityaktum na śaknumaḥ
9. Alas, those who renounce great goals or possessions (arthas) undertake a truly difficult task. Yet, we ourselves are unable to abandon these, even though they are impermanent (asataḥ).
इमामवस्थां संप्राप्तं दीनमार्तं श्रियश्च्युतम् ।
यदन्यत्सुखमस्तीह तद्ब्रह्मन्ननुशाधि माम् ॥१०॥
10. imāmavasthāṁ saṁprāptaṁ dīnamārtaṁ śriyaścyutam ,
yadanyatsukhamastīha tadbrahmannanuśādhi mām.
10. imām avasthām samprāptam dīnam ārtam śriyaḥ cyutam
yat anyat sukham asti iha tat brahman anuśādhi mām
10. brahman imām avasthām samprāptam dīnam ārtam śriyaḥ
cyutam mām iha yat anyat sukham asti tat anuśādhi
10. O Brahmin, having reached this state - wretched, afflicted, and devoid of prosperity - teach me whatever other happiness there may be in this world.
कौसल्येनैवमुक्तस्तु राजपुत्रेण धीमता ।
मुनिः कालकवृक्षीयः प्रत्युवाच महाद्युतिः ॥११॥
11. kausalyenaivamuktastu rājaputreṇa dhīmatā ,
muniḥ kālakavṛkṣīyaḥ pratyuvāca mahādyutiḥ.
11. kausalyena eva uktaḥ tu rājaputreṇa dhīmatā
muniḥ kālakavṛkṣīyaḥ pratyuvāca mahādyutiḥ
11. tu kausalyena eva dhīmatā rājaputreṇa uktaḥ
mahādyutiḥ kālakavṛkṣīyaḥ muniḥ pratyuvāca
11. But thus addressed by the intelligent prince, the son of Kausalya (Rama), the greatly radiant sage who resided by the Kālaka tree replied.
पुरस्तादेव ते बुद्धिरियं कार्या विजानतः ।
अनित्यं सर्वमेवेदमहं च मम चास्ति यत् ॥१२॥
12. purastādeva te buddhiriyaṁ kāryā vijānataḥ ,
anityaṁ sarvamevedamahaṁ ca mama cāsti yat.
12. purastāt eva te buddhiḥ iyam kāryā vijānataḥ
anityam sarvam eva idam aham ca mama ca asti yat
12. vijānataḥ te iyam buddhiḥ purastāt eva kāryā yat
idam sarvam eva anityam aham ca mama ca yat asti
12. This understanding (buddhi) should indeed be cultivated by you right from the start, by one who is discerning: that all this is impermanent (anitya), including myself (aham) and all that is mine (mama).
यत्किंचिन्मन्यसेऽस्तीति सर्वं नास्तीति विद्धि तत् ।
एवं न व्यथते प्राज्ञः कृच्छ्रामप्यापदं गतः ॥१३॥
13. yatkiṁcinmanyase'stīti sarvaṁ nāstīti viddhi tat ,
evaṁ na vyathate prājñaḥ kṛcchrāmapyāpadaṁ gataḥ.
13. yat kiñcit manyase asti iti sarvam na asti iti viddhi
tat evam na vyathate prājñaḥ kṛcchrām api āpadam gataḥ
13. yat kiñcit asti iti manyase tat sarvam na asti iti viddhi
evam kṛcchrām āpadam api gataḥ prājñaḥ na vyathate
13. Whatever little you consider to exist, know that all of it does not truly exist. In this way, a wise person is not distressed, even when facing a most difficult calamity.
यद्धि भूतं भविष्यच्च ध्रुवं तन्न भविष्यति ।
एवं विदितवेद्यस्त्वमधर्मेभ्यः प्रमोक्ष्यसे ॥१४॥
14. yaddhi bhūtaṁ bhaviṣyacca dhruvaṁ tanna bhaviṣyati ,
evaṁ viditavedyastvamadharmebhyaḥ pramokṣyase.
14. yat hi bhūtam bhaviṣyat ca dhruvam tat na bhaviṣyati
evam viditavedyaḥ tvam adharmebhyaḥ pramokṣyase
14. hi yat bhūtam ca bhaviṣyat tat dhruvam na bhaviṣyati
evam viditavedyaḥ tvam adharmebhyaḥ pramokṣyase
14. Indeed, whatever has existed and whatever will exist, all that will certainly not endure. Thus, you, having understood what is to be known, will be completely liberated (mokṣa) from unrighteous actions (adharma).
यच्च पूर्वे समाहारे यच्च पूर्वतरे परे ।
सर्वं तन्नास्ति तच्चैव तज्ज्ञात्वा कोऽनुसंज्वरेत् ॥१५॥
15. yacca pūrve samāhāre yacca pūrvatare pare ,
sarvaṁ tannāsti taccaiva tajjñātvā ko'nusaṁjvaret.
15. yat ca pūrve samāhāre yat ca pūrvatare pare sarvam
tat na asti tat ca eva tat jñātvā kaḥ anusaṃjvaret
15. yat ca pūrve samāhāre yat ca pūrvatare pare tat
sarvam na asti tat ca eva jñātvā kaḥ anusaṃjvaret
15. And whatever exists in the previous aggregations, and whatever existed in earlier or later times – all that does not truly exist. Knowing this, who would then grieve?
भूत्वा च न भवत्येतदभूत्वा च भवत्यपि ।
शोके न ह्यस्ति सामर्थ्यं शोकं कुर्यात्कथं नरः ॥१६॥
16. bhūtvā ca na bhavatyetadabhūtvā ca bhavatyapi ,
śoke na hyasti sāmarthyaṁ śokaṁ kuryātkathaṁ naraḥ.
16. bhūtvā ca na bhavati etat abhūtvā ca bhavati api
śoke na hi asti sāmarthyam śokam kuryāt katham naraḥ
16. etat bhūtvā ca na bhavati abhūtvā ca api bhavati hi
śoke sāmarthyam na asti naraḥ katham śokam kuryāt
16. Having existed, it ceases to be; and having not existed, it comes into being. Indeed, there is no power in sorrow. How then can a person experience sorrow?
क्व नु तेऽद्य पिता राजन्क्व नु तेऽद्य पितामहः ।
न त्वं पश्यसि तानद्य न त्वा पश्यन्ति तेऽपि च ॥१७॥
17. kva nu te'dya pitā rājankva nu te'dya pitāmahaḥ ,
na tvaṁ paśyasi tānadya na tvā paśyanti te'pi ca.
17. kva nu te adya pitā rājan kva nu te adya pitāmahaḥ
na tvam paśyasi tān adya na tvā paśyanti te api ca
17. rājan te pitā adya kva nu te pitāmahaḥ adya kva nu
tvam adya tān na paśyasi ca te api tvā na paśyanti
17. O King, where are your father and your grandfather now? You do not see them today, and they do not see you either.
आत्मनोऽध्रुवतां पश्यंस्तांस्त्वं किमनुशोचसि ।
बुद्ध्या चैवानुबुध्यस्व ध्रुवं हि न भविष्यसि ॥१८॥
18. ātmano'dhruvatāṁ paśyaṁstāṁstvaṁ kimanuśocasi ,
buddhyā caivānubudhyasva dhruvaṁ hi na bhaviṣyasi.
18. ātmanaḥ adhruvatām paśyan tān tvam kim anuśocasi
buddhyā ca eva anubudhyasva dhruvam hi na bhaviṣyasi
18. ātmanaḥ adhruvatām paśyan tvam tān kim anuśocasi buddhyā
ca eva anubudhyasva hi dhruvam tvam na bhaviṣyasi
18. Seeing the impermanence of the self (ātman), why do you lament for them? Understand clearly with your intellect that you too will certainly not be eternal.
अहं च त्वं च नृपते शत्रवः सुहृदश्च ते ।
अवश्यं न भविष्यामः सर्वं च न भविष्यति ॥१९॥
19. ahaṁ ca tvaṁ ca nṛpate śatravaḥ suhṛdaśca te ,
avaśyaṁ na bhaviṣyāmaḥ sarvaṁ ca na bhaviṣyati.
19. aham ca tvam ca nṛpate śatravaḥ suhṛdaḥ ca te
avaśyam na bhaviṣyāmaḥ sarvam ca na bhaviṣyati
19. nṛpate aham ca tvam ca te śatravaḥ ca suhṛdaḥ ca
avaśyam na bhaviṣyāmaḥ ca sarvam na bhaviṣyati
19. O King, I, you, your enemies, and your friends - we all will certainly cease to exist. And everything (sarva) will also come to an end.
ये तु विंशतिवर्षा वै त्रिंशद्वर्षाश्च मानवाः ।
अर्वागेव हि ते सर्वे मरिष्यन्ति शरच्छतात् ॥२०॥
20. ye tu viṁśativarṣā vai triṁśadvarṣāśca mānavāḥ ,
arvāgeva hi te sarve mariṣyanti śaracchatāt.
20. ye tu viṃśativarṣāḥ vai triṃśadvarṣāḥ ca mānavāḥ
arvāk eva hi te sarve mariṣyanti śaracchātāt
20. tu ye mānavāḥ viṃśativarṣāḥ ca triṃśadvarṣāḥ
vai hi te sarve śaracchātāt arvāk eva mariṣyanti
20. Indeed, those humans who are twenty or thirty years old, all of them will certainly die before (reaching) a hundred years (śaracchata).
अपि चेन्महतो वित्ताद्विप्रमुच्येत पूरुषः ।
नैतन्ममेति तन्मत्वा कुर्वीत प्रियमात्मनः ॥२१॥
21. api cenmahato vittādvipramucyeta pūruṣaḥ ,
naitanmameti tanmatvā kurvīta priyamātmanaḥ.
21. api cet mahataḥ vittāt vipramucyeta pūruṣaḥ na
etat mama iti tat matvā kurvīta priyam ātmanaḥ
21. api cet pūruṣaḥ mahataḥ vittāt vipramucyeta na
etat mama iti tat matvā ātmanaḥ priyam kurvīta
21. Even if a person is separated from great wealth, recognizing "This is not mine," he should act in a way that is beneficial or dear to his own self (ātman).
अनागतं यन्न ममेति विद्यादतिक्रान्तं यन्न ममेति विद्यात् ।
दिष्टं बलीय इति मन्यमानास्ते पण्डितास्तत्सतां स्थानमाहुः ॥२२॥
22. anāgataṁ yanna mameti vidyā;datikrāntaṁ yanna mameti vidyāt ,
diṣṭaṁ balīya iti manyamānā;ste paṇḍitāstatsatāṁ sthānamāhuḥ.
22. anāgatam yat na mama iti vidyāt
atikrāntam yat na mama iti vidyāt
diṣṭam balīyaḥ iti manyamānāḥ
te paṇḍitāḥ tat satām sthānam āhuḥ
22. yat anāgatam na mama iti vidyāt
yat atikrāntam na mama iti vidyāt
diṣṭam balīyaḥ iti manyamānāḥ
te paṇḍitāḥ tat satām sthānam āhuḥ
22. One should recognize that which is yet to come as "not mine," and that which has passed as "not mine." Those wise persons who consider destiny to be more powerful declare such an attitude to be the proper state (sthāna) for the virtuous.
अनाढ्याश्चापि जीवन्ति राज्यं चाप्यनुशासते ।
बुद्धिपौरुषसंपन्नास्त्वया तुल्याधिका जनाः ॥२३॥
23. anāḍhyāścāpi jīvanti rājyaṁ cāpyanuśāsate ,
buddhipauruṣasaṁpannāstvayā tulyādhikā janāḥ.
23. anāḍhyāḥ ca api jīvanti rājyam ca api anuśāsate
buddhipauruṣasampannāḥ tvayā tulya adhikāḥ janāḥ
23. anāḍhyāḥ ca api jīvanti ca api rājyam anuśāsate
buddhipauruṣasampannāḥ janāḥ tvayā tulya adhikāḥ
23. Even those who are not wealthy (anāḍhya) live, and they also rule kingdoms – referring to people endowed with intelligence (buddhi) and prowess, who are either equal to or greater than you.
न च त्वमिव शोचन्ति तस्मात्त्वमपि मा शुचः ।
किं नु त्वं तैर्न वै श्रेयांस्तुल्यो वा बुद्धिपौरुषैः ॥२४॥
24. na ca tvamiva śocanti tasmāttvamapi mā śucaḥ ,
kiṁ nu tvaṁ tairna vai śreyāṁstulyo vā buddhipauruṣaiḥ.
24. na ca tvam iva śocanti tasmāt tvam api mā śucaḥ kim
nu tvam taiḥ na vai śreyān tulyaḥ vā buddhipauruṣaiḥ
24. ca te na tvam iva śocanti tasmāt tvam api mā śucaḥ kim
nu tvam taiḥ na vai śreyān vā buddhipauruṣaiḥ tulyaḥ
24. And they do not grieve like you. Therefore, you also should not grieve. Are you not, in fact, superior to them, or at least equal to them in intelligence (buddhi) and prowess?
राजपुत्र उवाच ।
यादृच्छिकं ममासीत्तद्राज्यमित्येव चिन्तये ।
ह्रियते सर्वमेवेदं कालेन महता द्विज ॥२५॥
25. rājaputra uvāca ,
yādṛcchikaṁ mamāsīttadrājyamityeva cintaye ,
hriyate sarvamevedaṁ kālena mahatā dvija.
25. rājaputra uvāca yādṛcchikaṃ mama āsīt tat rājyam iti
eva cintaye hriyate sarvam eva idam kālena mahatā dvija
25. rājaputra uvāca dvija,
mama tat rājyam yādṛcchikaṃ āsīt iti eva cintaye idam sarvam eva mahatā kālena hriyate
25. The prince said, "I consider that kingdom to have come to me by mere chance. O twice-born, all this is indeed carried away by great time."
तस्यैवं ह्रियमाणस्य स्रोतसेव तपोधन ।
फलमेतत्प्रपश्यामि यथालब्धेन वर्तये ॥२६॥
26. tasyaivaṁ hriyamāṇasya srotaseva tapodhana ,
phalametatprapaśyāmi yathālabdhena vartaye.
26. tasya evam hriyamāṇasya srotasā iva tapodhana
phalam etat prapaśyāmi yathā-labdhena vartaye
26. tapodhana tasya evam srotasā iva hriyamāṇasya
etat phalam prapaśyāmi yat yathā-labdhena vartaye
26. O possessor of ascetic power (tapas), as I am thus swept away as if by a stream, I perceive this to be the result: that I should live with whatever I obtain.
मुनिरुवाच ।
अनागतमतीतं च यथा तथ्यविनिश्चयात् ।
नानुशोचसि कौसल्य सर्वार्थेषु तथा भव ॥२७॥
27. muniruvāca ,
anāgatamatītaṁ ca yathā tathyaviniścayāt ,
nānuśocasi kausalya sarvārtheṣu tathā bhava.
27. muniḥ uvāca anāgatam atītam ca yathā tathya-viniścayāt
na anuśocasi kausalya sarva-artheṣu tathā bhava
27. muniḥ uvāca kausalya,
yathā tathya-viniścayāt anāgatam atītam ca na anuśocasi,
tathā sarva-artheṣu bhava
27. The sage said, "O son of Kausalya, just as you do not grieve over the future which has not come and the past which has gone, because of a firm ascertainment of reality, so too be (calm) in all affairs."
अवाप्यान्कामयस्वार्थान्नानवाप्यान्कदाचन ।
प्रत्युत्पन्नाननुभवन्मा शुचस्त्वमनागतान् ॥२८॥
28. avāpyānkāmayasvārthānnānavāpyānkadācana ,
pratyutpannānanubhavanmā śucastvamanāgatān.
28. avāpyān kāmayasva arthān na anavāpyān kadācana
pratyutpannān anubhavan mā śucaḥ tvam anāgatān
28. avāpyān arthān kāmayasva na anavāpyān kadācana
pratyutpannān anubhavan tvam anāgatān mā śucaḥ
28. Desire objectives that are attainable, but never those that are unattainable. Experiencing what is present, you should not grieve for what has not yet arrived.
यथा लब्धोपपन्नार्थस्तथा कौसल्य रंस्यसे ।
कच्चिच्छुद्धस्वभावेन श्रिया हीनो न शोचसि ॥२९॥
29. yathā labdhopapannārthastathā kausalya raṁsyase ,
kaccicchuddhasvabhāvena śriyā hīno na śocasi.
29. yathā labdhopapannārthaḥ tathā kausalya raṃsyase
kaccit śuddhasvabhāvena śriyā hīnaḥ na śocasi
29. kausalya yathā labdhopapannārthaḥ tathā raṃsyase
kaccit śuddhasvabhāvena śriyā hīnaḥ na śocasi
29. O Kausalya, just as you are content with whatever you obtain that is suitable, so too will you rejoice. I hope that even if you are deprived of prosperity (śrī), you do not grieve, due to your intrinsic nature (svabhāva).
पुरस्ताद्भूतपूर्वत्वाद्धीनभाग्यो हि दुर्मतिः ।
धातारं गर्हते नित्यं लब्धार्थांश्च न मृष्यते ॥३०॥
30. purastādbhūtapūrvatvāddhīnabhāgyo hi durmatiḥ ,
dhātāraṁ garhate nityaṁ labdhārthāṁśca na mṛṣyate.
30. purastāt bhūtapūrvatvāt hīnabhāgyaḥ hi durmatiḥ
dhātāram garhate nityam labdhārthān ca na mṛṣyate
30. hi purastāt bhūtapūrvatvāt hīnabhāgyaḥ durmatiḥ
nityam dhātāram garhate ca labdhārthān na mṛṣyate
30. Indeed, because of his past misfortune, a foolish person (durmati) with diminished fortune constantly blames the Creator (Dhātṛ) and does not tolerate those who have achieved success.
अनर्हानपि चैवान्यान्मन्यते श्रीमतो जनान् ।
एतस्मात्कारणादेतद्दुःखं भूयोऽनुवर्तते ॥३१॥
31. anarhānapi caivānyānmanyate śrīmato janān ,
etasmātkāraṇādetadduḥkhaṁ bhūyo'nuvartate.
31. anarhān api ca eva anyān manyate śrīmataḥ janān
etasmāt kāraṇāt etat duḥkham bhūyaḥ anuvartate
31. ca eva anarhān api anyān janān śrīmataḥ manyate
etasmāt kāraṇāt etat duḥkham bhūyaḥ anuvartate
31. And indeed, he considers even other unworthy people to be prosperous (śrīmat). For this very reason, this suffering repeatedly returns.
ईर्ष्यातिच्छेदसंपन्ना राजन्पुरुषमानिनः ।
कच्चित्त्वं न तथा प्राज्ञ मत्सरी कोसलाधिप ॥३२॥
32. īrṣyāticchedasaṁpannā rājanpuruṣamāninaḥ ,
kaccittvaṁ na tathā prājña matsarī kosalādhipa.
32. īrṣyāticchedasampannāḥ rājan puruṣamāninaḥ
kaccit tvam na tathā prājña matsarī kosalādhipa
32. rājan prājña kosalādhipa kaccit tvam tathā
matsarī na puruṣamāninaḥ īrṣyāticchedasampannāḥ
32. O King, O wise one, O lord of Kosala, I hope that you are not so envious, like those proud men (puruṣamānin) who are afflicted by violent jealousy.
सहस्व श्रियमन्येषां यद्यपि त्वयि नास्ति सा ।
अन्यत्रापि सतीं लक्ष्मीं कुशला भुञ्जते जनाः ।
अभिविष्यन्दते श्रीर्हि सत्यपि द्विषतो जनात् ॥३३॥
33. sahasva śriyamanyeṣāṁ yadyapi tvayi nāsti sā ,
anyatrāpi satīṁ lakṣmīṁ kuśalā bhuñjate janāḥ ,
abhiviṣyandate śrīrhi satyapi dviṣato janāt.
33. sahasva śriyam anyeṣām yadyapi tvayi
na asti sā anyatra api satīm lakṣmīm
kuśalāḥ bhuñjate janāḥ abhiviṣyandate
śrīḥ hi sati api dviṣataḥ janāt
33. tvayi sā na asti yadyapi,
anyeṣām śriyam sahasva.
kuśalāḥ janāḥ anyatra api satīm lakṣmīm bhuñjate.
hi,
dviṣataḥ janāt api śrīḥ abhiviṣyandate.
33. Tolerate the prosperity (śrī) of others, even if it is not present in you. Indeed, clever people enjoy fortune (Lakṣmī) even when it belongs to another. For prosperity (śrī) flows forth abundantly even if it is from an enemy.
श्रियं च पुत्रपौत्रं च मनुष्या धर्मचारिणः ।
त्यागधर्मविदो वीराः स्वयमेव त्यजन्त्युत ॥३४॥
34. śriyaṁ ca putrapautraṁ ca manuṣyā dharmacāriṇaḥ ,
tyāgadharmavido vīrāḥ svayameva tyajantyuta.
34. śriyam ca putrapautram ca manuṣyāḥ dharmacāriṇaḥ
tyāgadharmavidaḥ vīrāḥ svayam eva tyajanti uta
34. dharmacāriṇaḥ manuṣyāḥ,
tyāgadharmavidaḥ vīrāḥ ca śriyam ca putrapautram ca svayam eva uta tyajanti.
34. Human beings who live according to natural law (dharma), those brave individuals who understand the principle (dharma) of renunciation (tyāga), themselves abandon prosperity (śrī) as well as sons and grandsons.
बहु संकसुकं दृष्ट्वा विवित्सासाधनेन च ।
तथान्ये संत्यजन्त्येनं मत्वा परमदुर्लभम् ॥३५॥
35. bahu saṁkasukaṁ dṛṣṭvā vivitsāsādhanena ca ,
tathānye saṁtyajantyenaṁ matvā paramadurlabham.
35. bahu saṃkasukam dṛṣṭvā vivitsāsādhanena ca tathā
anye saṃtyajanti enam matvā paramadurlabham
35. bahu saṃkasukam dṛṣṭvā ca vivitsāsādhanena tathā anye enam saṃtyajanti paramadurlabham matvā.
35. Having perceived much (worldly life) as troublesome, and through the means of seeking true knowledge, others likewise completely abandon it (the troublesome aspects of worldly existence), recognizing liberation (mokṣa) to be extremely difficult to attain.
त्वं पुनः प्राज्ञरूपः सन्कृपणं परितप्यसे ।
अकाम्यान्कामयानोऽर्थान्पराचीनानुपद्रुतान् ॥३६॥
36. tvaṁ punaḥ prājñarūpaḥ sankṛpaṇaṁ paritapyase ,
akāmyānkāmayāno'rthānparācīnānupadrutān.
36. tvam punaḥ prājñarūpaḥ san kṛpaṇam paritapyase
akāmyān kāmayānaḥ arthān parācīnān anupadrutān
36. tvam punaḥ prājñarūpaḥ san kṛpaṇam paritapyase,
akāmyān parācīnān anupadrutān arthān kāmayānaḥ.
36. But you, though appearing wise, lament miserably, desiring objects that should not be desired, that are remote, and that remain undisturbed.
तां बुद्धिमुपजिज्ञासुस्त्वमेवैनान्परित्यज ।
अनर्थांश्चार्थरूपेण अर्थांश्चानर्थरूपतः ॥३७॥
37. tāṁ buddhimupajijñāsustvamevainānparityaja ,
anarthāṁścārtharūpeṇa arthāṁścānartharūpataḥ.
37. tām buddhim upajijñāsuḥ tvam eva enān parityaja
anarthān ca artharūpeṇa arthān ca anartharūpataḥ
37. tvam tām buddhim upajijñāsuḥ eva enān parityaja
ca anarthān artharūpeṇa ca arthān anartharūpataḥ
37. You, desiring to truly understand that intellect, must abandon those things that are actually detrimental but appear beneficial, and those that are actually beneficial but appear detrimental.
अर्थायैव हि केषांचिद्धननाशो भवत्युत ।
अनन्त्यं तं सुखं मत्वा श्रियमन्यः परीक्षते ॥३८॥
38. arthāyaiva hi keṣāṁciddhananāśo bhavatyuta ,
anantyaṁ taṁ sukhaṁ matvā śriyamanyaḥ parīkṣate.
38. arthāya eva hi keṣāṃcit dhananāśaḥ bhavati uta
anantyam tam sukham matvā śriyam anyaḥ parīkṣate
38. hi keṣāṃcit arthāya eva dhananāśaḥ bhavati uta
anyaḥ tam anantyam sukham matvā śriyam parīkṣate
38. Indeed, for some, the very loss of wealth occurs for the sake of future gain. Another person, considering that (anticipated) gain to be endless happiness, strives to attain prosperity.
रममाणः श्रिया कश्चिन्नान्यच्छ्रेयोऽभिमन्यते ।
तथा तस्येहमानस्य समारम्भो विनश्यति ॥३९॥
39. ramamāṇaḥ śriyā kaścinnānyacchreyo'bhimanyate ,
tathā tasyehamānasya samārambho vinaśyati.
39. ramamāṇaḥ śriyā kaścit na anyat śreyaḥ abhimanyate
tathā tasya īhamānasya samārambhaḥ vinaśyati
39. kaścit śriyā ramamāṇaḥ anyat śreyaḥ na abhimanyate
tathā tasya īhamānasya samārambhaḥ vinaśyati
39. Someone delighting in prosperity considers nothing else to be superior. Consequently, the efforts of such a striving individual are ruined.
कृच्छ्राल्लब्धमभिप्रेतं यदा कौसल्य नश्यति ।
तदा निर्विद्यते सोऽर्थात्परिभग्नक्रमो नरः ॥४०॥
40. kṛcchrāllabdhamabhipretaṁ yadā kausalya naśyati ,
tadā nirvidyate so'rthātparibhagnakramo naraḥ.
40. kṛcchrāt labdham abhipretam yadā kausalya naśyati
tadā nirvidyate saḥ arthāt paribhagnakramaḥ naraḥ
40. kausalya yadā kṛcchrāt labdham abhipretam naśyati
tadā saḥ naraḥ paribhagnakramaḥ arthāt nirvidyate
40. O Kausalya, when what was desired and obtained with great difficulty is lost, then that man, whose sequence of efforts is shattered, becomes despondent about his objective.
धर्ममेकेऽभिपद्यन्ते कल्याणाभिजना नराः ।
परत्र सुखमिच्छन्तो निर्विद्येयुश्च लौकिकात् ॥४१॥
41. dharmameke'bhipadyante kalyāṇābhijanā narāḥ ,
paratra sukhamicchanto nirvidyeyuśca laukikāt.
41. dharmam eke abhipadyante kalyāṇābhijanā narāḥ
paratra sukham icchantaḥ nirvidyeyuḥ ca laukikāt
41. eke kalyāṇābhijanā narāḥ dharmaṃ abhipadyante
paratra sukham icchantaḥ ca laukikāt nirvidyeyuḥ
41. Some individuals, born into auspicious families, embrace righteous conduct (dharma). Desiring happiness in the next world, they become detached from worldly affairs.
जीवितं संत्यजन्त्येके धनलोभपरा नराः ।
न जीवितार्थं मन्यन्ते पुरुषा हि धनादृते ॥४२॥
42. jīvitaṁ saṁtyajantyeke dhanalobhaparā narāḥ ,
na jīvitārthaṁ manyante puruṣā hi dhanādṛte.
42. jīvitam saṃtyajanti eke dhanalobhaparā narāḥ
na jīvitārtham manyante puruṣāḥ hi dhanāt ṛte
42. eke dhanalobhaparā narāḥ jīvitaṃ saṃtyajanti
hi puruṣāḥ dhanāt ṛte jīvitārthaṃ na manyante
42. Some individuals, driven by greed for wealth, sacrifice their lives. Indeed, men do not consider life to be of value without wealth.
पश्य तेषां कृपणतां पश्य तेषामबुद्धिताम् ।
अध्रुवे जीविते मोहादर्थतृष्णामुपाश्रिताः ॥४३॥
43. paśya teṣāṁ kṛpaṇatāṁ paśya teṣāmabuddhitām ,
adhruve jīvite mohādarthatṛṣṇāmupāśritāḥ.
43. paśya teṣām kṛpaṇatām paśya teṣām abuddhitām
adhruve jīvite mohāt arthatṛṣṇām upāśritāḥ
43. paśya teṣāṃ kṛpaṇatām,
paśya teṣām abuddhitām (ye) adhruve jīvite mohāt arthatṛṣṇām upāśritāḥ
43. Behold their pitiable condition, behold their lack of wisdom! In this ephemeral life, they, out of delusion, cling to a craving for wealth.
संचये च विनाशान्ते मरणान्ते च जीविते ।
संयोगे विप्रयोगान्ते को नु विप्रणयेन्मनः ॥४४॥
44. saṁcaye ca vināśānte maraṇānte ca jīvite ,
saṁyoge viprayogānte ko nu vipraṇayenmanaḥ.
44. saṃcaye ca vināśānte maraṇānte ca jīvite
saṃyoge viprayogānte kaḥ nu vipraṇayet manaḥ
44. saṃcaye vināśānte ca,
jīvite maraṇānte ca,
saṃyoge viprayogānte (ca) (sati) kaḥ nu manaḥ vipraṇayet
44. Since accumulation ultimately ends in destruction, life in death, and union in separation - who, indeed, would attach their mind to these?
धनं वा पुरुषं राजन्पुरुषो वा पुनर्धनम् ।
अवश्यं प्रजहात्येतत्तद्विद्वान्कोऽनुसंज्वरेत् ॥४५॥
45. dhanaṁ vā puruṣaṁ rājanpuruṣo vā punardhanam ,
avaśyaṁ prajahātyetattadvidvānko'nusaṁjvaret.
45. dhanam vā puruṣam rājan puruṣaḥ vā punaḥ dhanam
avaśyam prajahāti etat tat vidvān kaḥ anusañjvaret
45. O King, a person will inevitably relinquish wealth, or wealth will inevitably leave a person. Knowing this, who would then mourn?
अन्येषामपि नश्यन्ति सुहृदश्च धनानि च ।
पश्य बुद्ध्या मनुष्याणां राजन्नापदमात्मनः ।
नियच्छ यच्छ संयच्छ इन्द्रियाणि मनो गिरम् ॥४६॥
46. anyeṣāmapi naśyanti suhṛdaśca dhanāni ca ,
paśya buddhyā manuṣyāṇāṁ rājannāpadamātmanaḥ ,
niyaccha yaccha saṁyaccha indriyāṇi mano giram.
46. anyeṣām api naśyanti suhṛdaḥ ca
dhanāni ca paśya buddhyā manuṣyāṇām
rājan āpadam ātmanaḥ niyaccha yaccha
saṃyaccha indriyāṇi manaḥ giram
46. O King, observe with your intellect that the friends and wealth of others also perish, just as misfortune (āpad) can befall oneself. Therefore, restrain, control, and subdue your senses, mind, and speech.
प्रतिषिद्धानवाप्येषु दुर्लभेष्वहितेषु च ।
प्रतिकृष्टेषु भावेषु व्यतिकृष्टेष्वसंभवे ।
प्रज्ञानतृप्तो विक्रान्तस्त्वद्विधो नानुशोचति ॥४७॥
47. pratiṣiddhānavāpyeṣu durlabheṣvahiteṣu ca ,
pratikṛṣṭeṣu bhāveṣu vyatikṛṣṭeṣvasaṁbhave ,
prajñānatṛpto vikrāntastvadvidho nānuśocati.
47. pratiṣiddhānavāpyeṣu durlabheṣu
ahiteṣu ca pratikṛṣṭeṣu bhāveṣu
vyatikṛṣṭeṣu asaṃbhave prajñānatṛptaḥ
vikrāntaḥ tvadvidhaḥ na anuśocati
47. A person like you, valiant and content through wisdom (prajñāna), does not lament over things that are prohibited, difficult to attain, harmful, or of low quality, nor over those that are exceedingly undesirable or impossible to realize.
अल्पमिच्छन्नचपलो मृदुर्दान्तः सुसंशितः ।
ब्रह्मचर्योपपन्नश्च त्वद्विधो नैव मुह्यति ॥४८॥
48. alpamicchannacapalo mṛdurdāntaḥ susaṁśitaḥ ,
brahmacaryopapannaśca tvadvidho naiva muhyati.
48. alpam icchan acapalaḥ mṛduḥ dāntaḥ susaṃśitaḥ
brahmacaryopapannaḥ ca tvadvidhaḥ na eva muhyati
48. A person like you, who desires little, is unwavering, gentle, self-controlled, thoroughly disciplined, and dedicated to the path of celibacy (brahmacarya), is certainly never deluded.
न त्वेव जाल्मीं कापालीं वृत्तिमेषितुमर्हसि ।
नृशंसवृत्तिं पापिष्ठां दुःखां कापुरुषोचिताम् ॥४९॥
49. na tveva jālmīṁ kāpālīṁ vṛttimeṣitumarhasi ,
nṛśaṁsavṛttiṁ pāpiṣṭhāṁ duḥkhāṁ kāpuruṣocitām.
49. na tu eva jālmīm kāpālīm vṛttim eṣitum arhasi
nṛśaṃsavṛttim pāpiṣṭhām duḥkhām kāpuruṣocitām
49. tvam jālmīm kāpālīm nṛśaṃsavṛttim pāpiṣṭhām
duḥkhām kāpuruṣocitām vṛttim eṣitum na eva arhasi
49. Indeed, you should not desire such a contemptible, skull-bearing, cruel, most sinful, sorrowful, and cowardly way of life.
अपि मूलफलाजीवो रमस्वैको महावने ।
वाग्यतः संगृहीतात्मा सर्वभूतदयान्वितः ॥५०॥
50. api mūlaphalājīvo ramasvaiko mahāvane ,
vāgyataḥ saṁgṛhītātmā sarvabhūtadayānvitaḥ.
50. api mūlaphalājīvaḥ ramasva ekaḥ mahāvane
vāgyataḥ saṃgṛhītātmā sarvabhūtadayānvitaḥ
50. api mūlaphalājīvaḥ ekaḥ mahāvane ramasva
vāgyataḥ saṃgṛhītātmā sarvabhūtadayānvitaḥ [san]
50. Alternatively, living on roots and fruits, dwell alone in a great forest. Remain self-controlled (ātman), restrained in speech, and filled with compassion for all beings.
सदृशं पण्डितस्यैतदीषादन्तेन दन्तिना ।
यदेको रमतेऽरण्ये यच्चाप्यल्पेन तुष्यति ॥५१॥
51. sadṛśaṁ paṇḍitasyaitadīṣādantena dantinā ,
yadeko ramate'raṇye yaccāpyalpena tuṣyati.
51. sadṛśam paṇḍitasyā etat īṣādantena dantinā yat
ekaḥ ramate araṇye yat ca api alpena tuṣyati
51. etat paṇḍitasyā sadṛśam [asti],
yat ekaḥ araṇye ramate ca api alpena tuṣyati (iti),
īṣādantena dantinā [iva]
51. This conduct is fitting for a wise person, resembling a modest tusk on an elephant, because he delights alone in the forest and is also satisfied with little.
महाह्रदः संक्षुभित आत्मनैव प्रसीदति ।
एतदेवंगतस्याहं सुखं पश्यामि केवलम् ॥५२॥
52. mahāhradaḥ saṁkṣubhita ātmanaiva prasīdati ,
etadevaṁgatasyāhaṁ sukhaṁ paśyāmi kevalam.
52. mahāhradaḥ saṃkṣubhitaḥ ātmanā eva prasīdati
etat evam gatasya aham sukham paśyāmi kevalam
52. mahāhradaḥ saṃkṣubhitaḥ api ātmanā eva prasīdati
aham evam gatasya etat kevalam sukham paśyāmi
52. A great lake, even if agitated, calms down by itself (ātmanā eva). I see only this supreme happiness for one who has attained such a state.
असंभवे श्रियो राजन्हीनस्य सचिवादिभिः ।
दैवे प्रतिनिविष्टे च किं श्रेयो मन्यते भवान् ॥५३॥
53. asaṁbhave śriyo rājanhīnasya sacivādibhiḥ ,
daive pratiniviṣṭe ca kiṁ śreyo manyate bhavān.
53. asaṃbhave śriyaḥ rājan hīnasya sacivādibhiḥ
daive pratiniviṣṭe ca kim śreyaḥ manyate bhavān
53. rājan sacivādibhiḥ hīnasya śriyaḥ asaṃbhave ca
daive pratiniviṣṭe bhavān kim śreyaḥ manyate
53. O King, when prosperity is unattainable for someone lacking ministers and other support, and when destiny has become unfavorable, what do you consider to be the most beneficial path?