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महाभारतः       mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-116

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युधिष्ठिर उवाच ।
अहिंसा परमो धर्म इत्युक्तं बहुशस्त्वया ।
श्राद्धेषु च भवानाह पितॄनामिषकाङ्क्षिणः ॥१॥
1. yudhiṣṭhira uvāca ,
ahiṁsā paramo dharma ityuktaṁ bahuśastvayā ,
śrāddheṣu ca bhavānāha pitṝnāmiṣakāṅkṣiṇaḥ.
1. yudhiṣṭhiraḥ uvāca ahiṃsā paramaḥ dharmaḥ iti uktam
bahuśaḥ tvayā śrāddheṣu ca bhavān āha pitṝn āmiṣakāṅkṣiṇaḥ
1. yudhiṣṭhiraḥ uvāca tvayā ahiṃsā paramaḥ dharmaḥ iti
bahuśaḥ uktam ca śrāddheṣu bhavān pitṝn āmiṣakāṅkṣiṇaḥ āha
1. Yudhiṣṭhira said: "You have stated many times that non-violence (ahiṃsā) is the supreme principle (dharma). Yet, in ancestral rites (śrāddha), your honor says that ancestors desire meat."
मांसैर्बहुविधैः प्रोक्तस्त्वया श्राद्धविधिः पुरा ।
अहत्वा च कुतो मांसमेवमेतद्विरुध्यते ॥२॥
2. māṁsairbahuvidhaiḥ proktastvayā śrāddhavidhiḥ purā ,
ahatvā ca kuto māṁsamevametadvirudhyate.
2. māṃsaiḥ bahuvidhaiḥ proktaḥ tvayā śrāddhavidhiḥ
purā ahatvā ca kutaḥ māṃsam evam etat virudhyate
2. purā tvayā bahuvidhaiḥ māṃsaiḥ śrāddhavidhiḥ
proktaḥ ca ahatvā māṃsam kutaḥ evam etat virudhyate
2. "You previously prescribed the ritual of ancestral rites (śrāddha) with many kinds of meat. And how can there be meat without killing? This thus creates a contradiction."
जातो नः संशयो धर्मे मांसस्य परिवर्जने ।
दोषो भक्षयतः कः स्यात्कश्चाभक्षयतो गुणः ॥३॥
3. jāto naḥ saṁśayo dharme māṁsasya parivarjane ,
doṣo bhakṣayataḥ kaḥ syātkaścābhakṣayato guṇaḥ.
3. jātaḥ naḥ saṃśayaḥ dharme māṃsasya parivarjane
doṣaḥ bhakṣayataḥ kaḥ syāt kaḥ ca abhakṣayataḥ guṇaḥ
3. naḥ dharme māṃsasya parivarjane saṃśayaḥ jātaḥ
bhakṣayataḥ kaḥ doṣaḥ syāt ca abhakṣayataḥ kaḥ guṇaḥ
3. A doubt has arisen in us regarding the natural law (dharma) concerning the abstention from meat. What fault would there be for one who consumes it, and what merit for one who does not consume it?
हत्वा भक्षयतो वापि परेणोपहृतस्य वा ।
हन्याद्वा यः परस्यार्थे क्रीत्वा वा भक्षयेन्नरः ॥४॥
4. hatvā bhakṣayato vāpi pareṇopahṛtasya vā ,
hanyādvā yaḥ parasyārthe krītvā vā bhakṣayennaraḥ.
4. hatvā bhakṣayataḥ vā api pareṇa upahṛtasya vā hanyāt
vā yaḥ parasya arthe krītvā vā bhakṣayet naraḥ
4. yaḥ hatvā bhakṣayataḥ vā api pareṇa upahṛtasya vā
parasya arthe hanyāt vā krītvā vā bhakṣayet saḥ naraḥ
4. What about a person who consumes (meat) either after having killed (an animal himself), or (meat) that was offered by another? Or one who kills for the sake of another, or a person who consumes (meat) after purchasing it?
एतदिच्छामि तत्त्वेन कथ्यमानं त्वयानघ ।
निश्चयेन चिकीर्षामि धर्ममेतं सनातनम् ॥५॥
5. etadicchāmi tattvena kathyamānaṁ tvayānagha ,
niścayena cikīrṣāmi dharmametaṁ sanātanam.
5. etat icchāmi tattvena kathyamānam tvayā anagha
niścayena cikīrṣāmi dharmam etam sanātanam
5. anagha,
etat tattvena tvayā kathyamānam icchāmi niścayena etam sanātanam dharmam cikīrṣāmi
5. O sinless one, I wish for this to be explained by you in its true essence. Indeed, I am determined to practice this eternal natural law (dharma).
कथमायुरवाप्नोति कथं भवति सत्त्ववान् ।
कथमव्यङ्गतामेति लक्षण्यो जायते कथम् ॥६॥
6. kathamāyuravāpnoti kathaṁ bhavati sattvavān ,
kathamavyaṅgatāmeti lakṣaṇyo jāyate katham.
6. katham āyuḥ avāpnoti katham bhavati sattvavān
katham avyaṅgatām eti lakṣaṇyaḥ jāyate katham
6. katham āyuḥ avāpnoti katham sattvavān bhavati
katham avyaṅgatām eti katham lakṣaṇyaḥ jāyate
6. How does one attain a long life? How does one become endowed with strength of character? How does one achieve freedom from physical defect? How does one become endowed with auspicious marks?
भीष्म उवाच ।
मांसस्य भक्षणे राजन्योऽधर्मः कुरुपुंगव ।
तं मे शृणु यथातत्त्वं यश्चास्य विधिरुत्तमः ॥७॥
7. bhīṣma uvāca ,
māṁsasya bhakṣaṇe rājanyo'dharmaḥ kurupuṁgava ,
taṁ me śṛṇu yathātattvaṁ yaścāsya vidhiruttamaḥ.
7. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca māṃsasya bhakṣaṇe rājan yaḥ adharmaḥ kurupuṅgava
tam me śṛṇu yathātattvam yaḥ ca asya vidhiḥ uttamaḥ
7. Bhishma spoke: "O King, O best among Kurus, hear from me about the unrighteousness (adharma) involved in eating meat, precisely as it is, and also what its excellent rule is."
रूपमव्यङ्गतामायुर्बुद्धिं सत्त्वं बलं स्मृतिम् ।
प्राप्तुकामैर्नरैर्हिंसा वर्जिता वै कृतात्मभिः ॥८॥
8. rūpamavyaṅgatāmāyurbuddhiṁ sattvaṁ balaṁ smṛtim ,
prāptukāmairnarairhiṁsā varjitā vai kṛtātmabhiḥ.
8. rūpam avyaṅgatām āyuḥ buddhim sattvam balam smṛtim
prāptukāmaiḥ naraiḥ hiṃsā varjitā vai kṛtātmabhiḥ
8. Indeed, by those men who desire to obtain beauty, freedom from defect, long life, intelligence, goodness (sattva), strength, and memory, violence is avoided, especially by those with a refined self.
ऋषीणामत्र संवादो बहुशः कुरुपुंगव ।
बभूव तेषां तु मतं यत्तच्छृणु युधिष्ठिर ॥९॥
9. ṛṣīṇāmatra saṁvādo bahuśaḥ kurupuṁgava ,
babhūva teṣāṁ tu mataṁ yattacchṛṇu yudhiṣṭhira.
9. ṛṣīṇām atra saṃvādaḥ bahuśaḥ kurupuṅgava
babhūva teṣām tu matam yat tat śṛṇu yudhiṣṭhira
9. O best among Kurus, there have been many discussions among the sages (muni) on this matter. But O Yudhishthira, hear what their opinion was.
यो यजेताश्वमेधेन मासि मासि यतव्रतः ।
वर्जयेन्मधु मांसं च सममेतद्युधिष्ठिर ॥१०॥
10. yo yajetāśvamedhena māsi māsi yatavrataḥ ,
varjayenmadhu māṁsaṁ ca samametadyudhiṣṭhira.
10. yaḥ yajeta aśvamedhena māsi māsi yatavrataḥ
varjayet madhu māṃsam ca samam etat yudhiṣṭhira
10. O Yudhishthira, one who, having controlled vows, performs the horse (aśvamedha) Vedic ritual every month, and one who abstains from honey and meat – these two actions are considered equal.
सप्तर्षयो वालखिल्यास्तथैव च मरीचिपाः ।
अमांसभक्षणं राजन्प्रशंसन्ति मनीषिणः ॥११॥
11. saptarṣayo vālakhilyāstathaiva ca marīcipāḥ ,
amāṁsabhakṣaṇaṁ rājanpraśaṁsanti manīṣiṇaḥ.
11. saptarṣayaḥ vālakhyāḥ tathā eva ca marīcipāḥ
amāṃsabhakṣaṇam rājan praśaṃsanti manīṣiṇaḥ
11. rājan saptarṣayaḥ vālakhyāḥ tathā eva ca
marīcipāḥ manīṣiṇaḥ amāṃsabhakṣaṇam praśaṃsanti
11. O King, the seven sages (saptarṣi), the Vālakhilyas, and likewise the Marīcipas – these wise ones praise the non-consumption of meat.
न भक्षयति यो मांसं न हन्यान्न च घातयेत् ।
तं मित्रं सर्वभूतानां मनुः स्वायंभुवोऽब्रवीत् ॥१२॥
12. na bhakṣayati yo māṁsaṁ na hanyānna ca ghātayet ,
taṁ mitraṁ sarvabhūtānāṁ manuḥ svāyaṁbhuvo'bravīt.
12. na bhakṣayati yaḥ māṃsam na hanyāt na ca ghātayet
tam mitram sarvabhūtānām manuḥ svāyaṃbhuvaḥ abravīt
12. yaḥ māṃsam na bhakṣayati na hanyāt ca na ghātayet
tam sarvabhūtānām mitram svāyaṃbhuvaḥ manuḥ abravīt
12. The self-born (svāyaṃbhuva) Manu declared that one who neither eats meat nor kills nor causes others to kill is a friend to all beings.
अधृष्यः सर्वभूतानां विश्वास्यः सर्वजन्तुषु ।
साधूनां संमतो नित्यं भवेन्मांसस्य वर्जनात् ॥१३॥
13. adhṛṣyaḥ sarvabhūtānāṁ viśvāsyaḥ sarvajantuṣu ,
sādhūnāṁ saṁmato nityaṁ bhavenmāṁsasya varjanāt.
13. adhṛṣyaḥ sarvabhūtānām viśvāsyaḥ sarvajantuṣu
sādhūnām saṃmataḥ nityam bhavet māṃsasya varjanāt
13. māṃsasya varjanāt sarvabhūtānām adhṛṣyaḥ sarvajantuṣu
viśvāsyaḥ sādhūnām nityam saṃmataḥ bhavet
13. By abstaining from meat, one becomes unassailable by all beings, trusted by all creatures, and always esteemed by the virtuous.
स्वमांसं परमांसेन यो वर्धयितुमिच्छति ।
नारदः प्राह धर्मात्मा नियतं सोऽवसीदति ॥१४॥
14. svamāṁsaṁ paramāṁsena yo vardhayitumicchati ,
nāradaḥ prāha dharmātmā niyataṁ so'vasīdati.
14. svamāṃsam paramāṃsena yaḥ vardhayitum icchati
nāradaḥ prāha dharmātmā niyatam saḥ avasīdati
14. yaḥ svamāṃsam paramāṃsena vardhayitum icchati
saḥ niyatam avasīdati dharmātmā nāradaḥ prāha
14. Nārada, the righteous-souled (dharmātmā) sage, declared that whoever wishes to nourish their own body with the flesh of others will certainly come to ruin.
ददाति यजते चापि तपस्वी च भवत्यपि ।
मधुमांसनिवृत्त्येति प्राहैवं स बृहस्पतिः ॥१५॥
15. dadāti yajate cāpi tapasvī ca bhavatyapi ,
madhumāṁsanivṛttyeti prāhaivaṁ sa bṛhaspatiḥ.
15. dadāti yajate ca api tapasvī ca bhavati api
madhumāṃsanivṛttyā iti prāha evam saḥ bṛhaspatiḥ
15. saḥ bṛhaspatiḥ evam prāha iti madhumāṃsanivṛttyā
(yaḥ) dadāti ca api yajate ca api tapasvī api bhavati
15. He gives, performs a Vedic ritual (yajña), and also becomes an ascetic simply by abstaining from honey and meat. Bṛhaspati thus declared this.
मासि मास्यश्वमेधेन यो यजेत शतं समाः ।
न खादति च यो मांसं सममेतन्मतं मम ॥१६॥
16. māsi māsyaśvamedhena yo yajeta śataṁ samāḥ ,
na khādati ca yo māṁsaṁ samametanmataṁ mama.
16. māsi māsi aśvameḍhena yaḥ yajeta śatam samāḥ
na khādati ca yaḥ māṃsam samam etat matam mama
16. mama etat matam samam (asti yat) yaḥ māsi māsi
aśvameḍhena śatam samāḥ yajeta ca yaḥ māṃsam na khādati
16. My opinion is that one who performs the Vedic ritual (aśvamedha) every month for a hundred years, and one who does not eat meat, are considered equal.
सदा यजति सत्रेण सदा दानं प्रयच्छति ।
सदा तपस्वी भवति मधुमांसस्य वर्जनात् ॥१७॥
17. sadā yajati satreṇa sadā dānaṁ prayacchati ,
sadā tapasvī bhavati madhumāṁsasya varjanāt.
17. sadā yajati satreṇa sadā dānam prayacchati
sadā tapasvī bhavati madhumāṃsasya varjanāt
17. madhumāṃsasya varjanāt sadā (janaḥ) yajati satreṇa
sadā dānam prayacchati sadā tapasvī bhavati
17. By abstaining from honey and meat, one always performs a Vedic ritual (sattra), always gives gifts (dāna), and always becomes an ascetic.
सर्वे वेदा न तत्कुर्युः सर्वयज्ञाश्च भारत ।
यो भक्षयित्वा मांसानि पश्चादपि निवर्तते ॥१८॥
18. sarve vedā na tatkuryuḥ sarvayajñāśca bhārata ,
yo bhakṣayitvā māṁsāni paścādapi nivartate.
18. sarve vedāḥ na tat kuryuḥ sarvayajñāḥ ca bhārata
yaḥ bhakṣayitva māṃsāni paścāt api nivartate
18. bhārata sarve vedāḥ ca sarvayajñāḥ na tat kuryuḥ
(yat) yaḥ māṃsāni bhakṣayitva paścāt api nivartate
18. O Bhārata, all the Vedas and all Vedic rituals (yajñas) would not accomplish that (merit) which is attained by one who, even after consuming meat, subsequently abstains from it.
दुष्करं हि रसज्ञेन मांसस्य परिवर्जनम् ।
चर्तुं व्रतमिदं श्रेष्ठं सर्वप्राण्यभयप्रदम् ॥१९॥
19. duṣkaraṁ hi rasajñena māṁsasya parivarjanam ,
cartuṁ vratamidaṁ śreṣṭhaṁ sarvaprāṇyabhayapradam.
19. duṣkaram hi rasajñena māṃsasya parivarjanam cartum
vratam idam śreṣṭham sarvaprāṇyabhayapradam
19. hi rasajñena māṃsasya parivarjanam duṣkaram idam
śreṣṭham sarvaprāṇyabhayapradam vratam cartum
19. It is indeed difficult for one who appreciates taste to abstain from meat. This excellent vow, which grants fearlessness to all living beings, should be practiced.
सर्वभूतेषु यो विद्वान्ददात्यभयदक्षिणाम् ।
दाता भवति लोके स प्राणानां नात्र संशयः ॥२०॥
20. sarvabhūteṣu yo vidvāndadātyabhayadakṣiṇām ,
dātā bhavati loke sa prāṇānāṁ nātra saṁśayaḥ.
20. sarvabhūteṣu yaḥ vidvān dadāti abhayadakṣiṇām
dātā bhavati loke saḥ prāṇānām na atra saṃśayaḥ
20. yaḥ vidvān sarvabhūteṣu abhayadakṣiṇām dadāti
saḥ loke prāṇānām dātā bhavati na atra saṃśayaḥ
20. That learned person who bestows the offering of fearlessness upon all beings, he indeed becomes a giver of lives (to others) in this world; there is no doubt about it.
एवं वै परमं धर्मं प्रशंसन्ति मनीषिणः ।
प्राणा यथात्मनोऽभीष्टा भूतानामपि ते तथा ॥२१॥
21. evaṁ vai paramaṁ dharmaṁ praśaṁsanti manīṣiṇaḥ ,
prāṇā yathātmano'bhīṣṭā bhūtānāmapi te tathā.
21. evam vai paramam dharmam praśaṃsanti manīṣiṇaḥ
prāṇāḥ yathā ātmanaḥ abhīṣṭāḥ bhūtānām api te tathā
21. vai manīṣiṇaḥ evam paramam dharmam praśaṃsanti
yathā prāṇāḥ ātmanaḥ abhīṣṭāḥ tathā api te bhūtānām
21. Indeed, the wise thus praise the supreme constitution (dharma). Just as lives are cherished by oneself, so too are they (cherished) by all beings.
आत्मौपम्येन गन्तव्यं बुद्धिमद्भिर्महात्मभिः ।
मृत्युतो भयमस्तीति विदुषां भूतिमिच्छताम् ॥२२॥
22. ātmaupamyena gantavyaṁ buddhimadbhirmahātmabhiḥ ,
mṛtyuto bhayamastīti viduṣāṁ bhūtimicchatām.
22. ātmaaupamyena gantavyam buddhimadbhiḥ mahātmabhiḥ
mṛtyutaḥ bhayam asti iti viduṣām bhūtim icchatām
22. buddhimadbhiḥ mahātmabhiḥ bhūtim icchatām viduṣām
ātmaaupamyena mṛtyutaḥ bhayam asti iti gantavyam
22. It should be understood by the intelligent and great-souled ones through analogy with oneself: "There is fear from death" – especially by those (wise individuals) who desire prosperity.
किं पुनर्हन्यमानानां तरसा जीवितार्थिनाम् ।
अरोगाणामपापानां पापैर्मांसोपजीविभिः ॥२३॥
23. kiṁ punarhanyamānānāṁ tarasā jīvitārthinām ,
arogāṇāmapāpānāṁ pāpairmāṁsopajīvibhiḥ.
23. kiṃ punar hanyamānānāṃ tarasā jīvitārthinām
arogāṇām apāpānāṃ pāpaiḥ māṃsopajīvibhiḥ
23. How much more [grievous is it] when healthy, innocent beings, desirous of life, are forcefully killed by sinful meat-eaters?
तस्माद्विद्धि महाराज मांसस्य परिवर्जनम् ।
धर्मस्यायतनं श्रेष्ठं स्वर्गस्य च सुखस्य च ॥२४॥
24. tasmādviddhi mahārāja māṁsasya parivarjanam ,
dharmasyāyatanaṁ śreṣṭhaṁ svargasya ca sukhasya ca.
24. tasmāt viddhi mahārāja māṃsasya parivarjanam
dharmasya āyatanaṃ śreṣṭhaṃ svargasya ca sukhasya ca
24. Therefore, O great king, understand that abstaining from meat is the supreme foundation for (dharma), heaven, and happiness.
अहिंसा परमो धर्मस्तथाहिंसा परं तपः ।
अहिंसा परमं सत्यं ततो धर्मः प्रवर्तते ॥२५॥
25. ahiṁsā paramo dharmastathāhiṁsā paraṁ tapaḥ ,
ahiṁsā paramaṁ satyaṁ tato dharmaḥ pravartate.
25. ahiṃsā paramaḥ dharmaḥ tathā ahiṃsā paraṃ tapaḥ
ahiṃsā paramaṃ satyaṃ tataḥ dharmaḥ pravartate
25. Non-violence (ahiṃsā) is the supreme (dharma); similarly, non-violence (ahiṃsā) is the supreme austerity (tapas). Non-violence (ahiṃsā) is the supreme truth; from that, (dharma) proceeds.
न हि मांसं तृणात्काष्ठादुपलाद्वापि जायते ।
हत्वा जन्तुं ततो मांसं तस्माद्दोषोऽस्य भक्षणे ॥२६॥
26. na hi māṁsaṁ tṛṇātkāṣṭhādupalādvāpi jāyate ,
hatvā jantuṁ tato māṁsaṁ tasmāddoṣo'sya bhakṣaṇe.
26. na hi māṃsaṃ tṛṇāt kāṣṭhāt upalāt vā api jāyate
hatvā jantuṃ tataḥ māṃsaṃ tasmāt doṣaḥ asya bhakṣaṇe
26. Indeed, meat is not born from grass, wood, or even stone. One obtains meat only by killing a living being. Therefore, there is a fault in its consumption.
स्वाहास्वधामृतभुजो देवाः सत्यार्जवप्रियाः ।
क्रव्यादान्राक्षसान्विद्धि जिह्मानृतपरायणान् ॥२७॥
27. svāhāsvadhāmṛtabhujo devāḥ satyārjavapriyāḥ ,
kravyādānrākṣasānviddhi jihmānṛtaparāyaṇān.
27. svāhāsvadhāmṛtabhujaḥ devāḥ satyārjavapriyāḥ
kravyādān rākṣasān viddhi jihmānṛtaparāyaṇān
27. devāḥ svāhāsvadhāmṛtabhujaḥ satyārjavapriyāḥ
kravyādān rākṣasān jihmānṛtaparāyaṇān viddhi
27. Know that the gods (devas) consume the offerings of *svāhā* and *svadhā* and ambrosia; they are fond of truth and straightforwardness. Conversely, understand that the flesh-eating demons (rākṣasas) are devoted to crookedness and falsehood.
कान्तारेष्वथ घोरेषु दुर्गेषु गहनेषु च ।
रात्रावहनि संध्यासु चत्वरेषु सभासु च ।
अमांसभक्षणे राजन्भयमन्ते न गच्छति ॥२८॥
28. kāntāreṣvatha ghoreṣu durgeṣu gahaneṣu ca ,
rātrāvahani saṁdhyāsu catvareṣu sabhāsu ca ,
amāṁsabhakṣaṇe rājanbhayamante na gacchati.
28. kāntāreṣu atha ghoreṣu durgeṣu
gahaneṣu ca rātrau ahani sandhyāsu
catvareṣu sabhāsu ca amāṃsabhakṣaṇe
rājan bhayam ante na gacchati
28. rājan kāntāreṣu atha ghoreṣu
durgeṣu gahaneṣu ca rātrau ahani
sandhyāsu catvareṣu sabhāsu ca
amāṃsabhakṣaṇe bhayam ante na gacchati
28. O king, in wildernesses, in terrible and dense, inaccessible places, at night, by day, and at twilight, in squares and public assemblies, fear does not ultimately arise for one who abstains from meat-eating.
यदि चेत्खादको न स्यान्न तदा घातको भवेत् ।
घातकः खादकार्थाय तं घातयति वै नरः ॥२९॥
29. yadi cetkhādako na syānna tadā ghātako bhavet ,
ghātakaḥ khādakārthāya taṁ ghātayati vai naraḥ.
29. yadi cet khādakaḥ na syāt na tadā ghātakaḥ bhavet
ghātakaḥ khādakārthāya tam ghātayati vai naraḥ
29. yadi cet khādakaḥ na syāt tadā ghātakaḥ na bhavet
ghātakaḥ naraḥ khādakārthāya tam vai ghātayati
29. If there were no consumer, then there would be no killer. Indeed, a person kills (an animal) for the sake of the consumer.
अभक्ष्यमेतदिति वा इति हिंसा निवर्तते ।
खादकार्थमतो हिंसा मृगादीनां प्रवर्तते ॥३०॥
30. abhakṣyametaditi vā iti hiṁsā nivartate ,
khādakārthamato hiṁsā mṛgādīnāṁ pravartate.
30. abhakṣyam etat iti vā iti hiṃsā nivartate
ataḥ khādakārtham mṛgādīnām hiṃsā pravartate
30. etat abhakṣyam iti vā iti hiṃsā nivartate
ataḥ khādakārtham mṛgādīnām hiṃsā pravartate
30. If one considers, 'This is not to be eaten,' then violence (hiṃsā) ceases. However, it is for the sake of the consumer that violence (hiṃsā) against animals like deer, etc., continues.
यस्माद्ग्रसति चैवायुर्हिंसकानां महाद्युते ।
तस्माद्विवर्जयेन्मांसं य इच्छेद्भूतिमात्मनः ॥३१॥
31. yasmādgrasati caivāyurhiṁsakānāṁ mahādyute ,
tasmādvivarjayenmāṁsaṁ ya icchedbhūtimātmanaḥ.
31. yasmāt grasati ca eva āyuḥ hiṃsakānām mahādyute
tasmāt vivarjayet māṃsam yaḥ icchet bhūtim ātmanaḥ
31. mahādyute yasmāt ca eva hiṃsakānām āyuḥ grasati
tasmāt yaḥ ātmanaḥ bhūtim icchet māṃsam vivarjayet
31. Because it consumes the very life of those who cause harm, O greatly radiant one, therefore, whoever desires their own well-being (ātman) should abstain from meat.
त्रातारं नाधिगच्छन्ति रौद्राः प्राणिविहिंसकाः ।
उद्वेजनीया भूतानां यथा व्यालमृगास्तथा ॥३२॥
32. trātāraṁ nādhigacchanti raudrāḥ prāṇivihiṁsakāḥ ,
udvejanīyā bhūtānāṁ yathā vyālamṛgāstathā.
32. trātāram na adhigacchanti raudrāḥ prāṇivihiṃsakāḥ
udvejanīyāḥ bhūtānām yathā vyālamṛgāḥ tathā
32. raudrāḥ prāṇivihiṃsakāḥ trātāram na adhigacchanti
(te) bhūtānām udvejanīyāḥ yathā vyālamṛgāḥ tathā
32. Cruel killers of living beings do not find a protector; they are as terrifying to all creatures (bhūta) as dangerous wild animals.
लोभाद्वा बुद्धिमोहाद्वा बलवीर्यार्थमेव च ।
संसर्गाद्वाथ पापानामधर्मरुचिता नृणाम् ॥३३॥
33. lobhādvā buddhimohādvā balavīryārthameva ca ,
saṁsargādvātha pāpānāmadharmarucitā nṛṇām.
33. lobhāt vā buddhimohāt vā balavīryārtham eva ca
saṃsargāt vā atha pāpānām adharmarucitā nṛṇām
33. nṛṇām adharmarucitā lobhāt vā buddhimohāt vā
balavīryārtham eva ca pāpānām saṃsargāt vā atha (bhavati)
33. Among humans, the inclination towards unrighteousness (adharma) arises either from greed, or from delusion of intellect, or for the sake of strength and prowess, or from association with wicked individuals.
स्वमांसं परमांसेन यो वर्धयितुमिच्छति ।
उद्विग्नवासे वसति यत्रतत्राभिजायते ॥३४॥
34. svamāṁsaṁ paramāṁsena yo vardhayitumicchati ,
udvignavāse vasati yatratatrābhijāyate.
34. svamāṃsam paramāṃsena yaḥ vardhayitum icchati
udvignavāse vasati yatra tatra abhijāyate
34. yaḥ svamāṃsam paramāṃsena vardhayitum icchati (saḥ)
udvignavāse vasati (ca) yatra tatra abhijāyate
34. Whoever wishes to increase their own flesh with the flesh of another lives in a state of constant anxiety and is born again in various troublesome places.
धन्यं यशस्यमायुष्यं स्वर्ग्यं स्वस्त्ययनं महत् ।
मांसस्याभक्षणं प्राहुर्नियताः परमर्षयः ॥३५॥
35. dhanyaṁ yaśasyamāyuṣyaṁ svargyaṁ svastyayanaṁ mahat ,
māṁsasyābhakṣaṇaṁ prāhurniyatāḥ paramarṣayaḥ.
35. dhanyam yaśasyam āyuṣyam svargyam svastyayanam mahat
māṃsasya abhakṣaṇam prāhuḥ niyatāḥ paramarṣayaḥ
35. niyatāḥ paramarṣayaḥ māṃsasya abhakṣaṇam dhanyam
yaśasyam āyuṣyam svargyam mahat svastyayanam prāhuḥ
35. The great, self-controlled supreme sages (paramarṣayaḥ) declare the non-consumption of meat to be blessed, conducive to fame, promoting longevity, leading to heaven, and a great source of prosperity.
इदं तु खलु कौन्तेय श्रुतमासीत्पुरा मया ।
मार्कण्डेयस्य वदतो ये दोषा मांसभक्षणे ॥३६॥
36. idaṁ tu khalu kaunteya śrutamāsītpurā mayā ,
mārkaṇḍeyasya vadato ye doṣā māṁsabhakṣaṇe.
36. idam tu khalu kaunteya śrutam āsīt purā mayā
mārkaṇḍeyasya vadataḥ ye doṣāḥ māṃsabhakṣaṇe
36. kaunteya mayā purā mārkaṇḍeyasya vadataḥ
māṃsabhakṣaṇe ye doṣāḥ idam tu khalu śrutam āsīt
36. O son of Kunti, I indeed heard this before, concerning the faults (doṣa) of eating meat, as spoken by Mārkaṇḍeya.
यो हि खादति मांसानि प्राणिनां जीवितार्थिनाम् ।
हतानां वा मृतानां वा यथा हन्ता तथैव सः ॥३७॥
37. yo hi khādati māṁsāni prāṇināṁ jīvitārthinām ,
hatānāṁ vā mṛtānāṁ vā yathā hantā tathaiva saḥ.
37. yaḥ hi khādati māṃsāni prāṇinām jīvitārthinām
hatānām vā mṛtānām vā yathā hantā tathā eva saḥ
37. yaḥ hi jīvitārthinām prāṇinām hatānām vā mṛtānām
vā māṃsāni khādati saḥ yathā hantā tathā eva
37. Whoever indeed consumes the flesh of living beings (prāṇin) who desire to live, whether those beings are killed or already dead, that person is certainly just like the one who kills.
धनेन क्रायको हन्ति खादकश्चोपभोगतः ।
घातको वधबन्धाभ्यामित्येष त्रिविधो वधः ॥३८॥
38. dhanena krāyako hanti khādakaścopabhogataḥ ,
ghātako vadhabandhābhyāmityeṣa trividho vadhaḥ.
38. dhanena krāyakaḥ hanti khādakaḥ ca upabhogataḥ
ghātakaḥ vadhabandhābhyām iti eṣaḥ trividhaḥ vadhaḥ
38. krāyakaḥ dhanena hanti ca khādakaḥ upabhogataḥ
ghātakaḥ vadhabandhābhyām eṣaḥ trividhaḥ vadhaḥ iti
38. The buyer kills by means of money, and the consumer kills by means of enjoyment. The actual slayer kills through slaughter and confinement. Thus, this killing (vadha) is said to be of three kinds.
अखादन्ननुमोदंश्च भावदोषेण मानवः ।
योऽनुमन्येत हन्तव्यं सोऽपि दोषेण लिप्यते ॥३९॥
39. akhādannanumodaṁśca bhāvadoṣeṇa mānavaḥ ,
yo'numanyeta hantavyaṁ so'pi doṣeṇa lipyate.
39. akhaadan anumodan ca bhāvadoṣeṇa mānavaḥ yaḥ
anumanyeta hantavyam saḥ api doṣeṇa lipyate
39. mānavaḥ yaḥ akhaadan bhāvadoṣeṇa anumodan ca,
yaḥ hantavyam anumanyeta saḥ api doṣeṇa lipyate
39. A person who, though not eating (meat), approves of it with an ill intention; and whoever approves of the killing (of animals), he too becomes tainted by fault.
अधृष्यः सर्वभूतानामायुष्मान्नीरुजः सुखी ।
भवत्यभक्षयन्मांसं दयावान्प्राणिनामिह ॥४०॥
40. adhṛṣyaḥ sarvabhūtānāmāyuṣmānnīrujaḥ sukhī ,
bhavatyabhakṣayanmāṁsaṁ dayāvānprāṇināmiha.
40. adhṛṣyaḥ sarvabhūtānām āyuṣmān nīrujaḥ sukhī
bhavati abhakṣayan māṃsam dayāvān prāṇinām iha
40. iha prāṇinām dayāvān,
māṃsam abhakṣayan (janaḥ) sarvabhūtānām adhṛṣyaḥ āyuṣmān nīrujaḥ sukhī bhavati
40. The one who does not eat meat, being compassionate towards living beings in this world, becomes unassailable by all creatures, long-lived, healthy, and happy.
हिरण्यदानैर्गोदानैर्भूमिदानैश्च सर्वशः ।
मांसस्याभक्षणे धर्मो विशिष्टः स्यादिति श्रुतिः ॥४१॥
41. hiraṇyadānairgodānairbhūmidānaiśca sarvaśaḥ ,
māṁsasyābhakṣaṇe dharmo viśiṣṭaḥ syāditi śrutiḥ.
41. hiraṇyadānaiḥ godānaiḥ bhūmidānaiḥ ca sarvaśaḥ
māṃsasya abhakṣaṇe dharmaḥ viśiṣṭaḥ syāt iti śrutiḥ
41. hiraṇyadānaiḥ,
godānaiḥ,
bhūmidānaiḥ ca sarvaśaḥ māṃsasya abhakṣaṇe dharmaḥ viśiṣṭaḥ syāt iti śrutiḥ
41. The righteousness (dharma) achieved by abstaining from meat is superior in all respects to gifts of gold, gifts of cows, and gifts of land - thus says the sacred tradition (śruti).
अप्रोक्षितं वृथामांसं विधिहीनं न भक्षयेत् ।
भक्षयन्निरयं याति नरो नास्त्यत्र संशयः ॥४२॥
42. aprokṣitaṁ vṛthāmāṁsaṁ vidhihīnaṁ na bhakṣayet ,
bhakṣayannirayaṁ yāti naro nāstyatra saṁśayaḥ.
42. aprokṣitam vṛthāmāṃsam vidhihīnam na bhakṣayet
bhakṣayan nirayam yāti naraḥ na asti atra saṃśayaḥ
42. aprokṣitam,
vṛthāmāṃsam,
vidhihīnam (māṃsam) na bhakṣayet.
(yaḥ) naraḥ (etat) bhakṣayan nirayam yāti,
atra saṃśayaḥ na asti.
42. One should not eat meat that is unconsecrated (aprokṣitam), uselessly slaughtered (vṛthāmāṃsam), or lacking proper ritual procedure (vidhihīnam). A person who eats such meat certainly goes to hell; there is no doubt about this.
प्रोक्षिताभ्युक्षितं मांसं तथा ब्राह्मणकाम्यया ।
अल्पदोषमिह ज्ञेयं विपरीते तु लिप्यते ॥४३॥
43. prokṣitābhyukṣitaṁ māṁsaṁ tathā brāhmaṇakāmyayā ,
alpadoṣamiha jñeyaṁ viparīte tu lipyate.
43. prokṣitābhyukṣitam māṃsam tathā brāhmaṇakāmyayā
alpadoṣam iha jñeyam viparīte tu lipyate
43. prokṣitābhyukṣitam māṃsam tathā brāhmaṇakāmyayā
iha alpadoṣam jñeyam tu viparīte lipyate
43. Meat that has been consecrated by sprinkling (with water), or is consumed at the desire of a brahmin, is understood here to incur only a minor fault; conversely, one becomes defiled.
खादकस्य कृते जन्तुं यो हन्यात्पुरुषाधमः ।
महादोषकरस्तत्र खादको न तु घातकः ॥४४॥
44. khādakasya kṛte jantuṁ yo hanyātpuruṣādhamaḥ ,
mahādoṣakarastatra khādako na tu ghātakaḥ.
44. khādakasya kṛte jantum yaḥ hanyāt puruṣādhamaḥ
mahādoṣakaraḥ tatra khādakaḥ na tu ghātakaḥ
44. yaḥ puruṣādhamaḥ khādakasya kṛte jantum hanyāt
tatra khādakaḥ mahādoṣakaraḥ tu ghātakaḥ na
44. The lowest among men who kills a living being for the sake of an eater - in that instance, it is the eater who is the cause of great fault, not the killer.
इज्यायज्ञश्रुतिकृतैर्यो मार्गैरबुधो जनः ।
हन्याज्जन्तुं मांसगृद्ध्री स वै नरकभाङ्नरः ॥४५॥
45. ijyāyajñaśrutikṛtairyo mārgairabudho janaḥ ,
hanyājjantuṁ māṁsagṛddhrī sa vai narakabhāṅnaraḥ.
45. ijyāyajñaśrutikṛtaiḥ yaḥ mārgaiḥ abudhaḥ janaḥ
hanyāt jantum māṃsagṛddhī saḥ vai narakabhāṅ naraḥ
45. yaḥ abudhaḥ janaḥ māṃsagṛddhī ijyāyajñaśrutikṛtaiḥ
mārgaiḥ jantum hanyāt saḥ naraḥ vai narakabhāṅ
45. The ignorant person who, greedy for meat, kills an animal using methods prescribed by ritual worship, Vedic rituals (yajña), and sacred texts (śruti) - that person indeed becomes an inheritor of hell.
भक्षयित्वा तु यो मांसं पश्चादपि निवर्तते ।
तस्यापि सुमहान्धर्मो यः पापाद्विनिवर्तते ॥४६॥
46. bhakṣayitvā tu yo māṁsaṁ paścādapi nivartate ,
tasyāpi sumahāndharmo yaḥ pāpādvinivartate.
46. bhakṣayitvā tu yaḥ māṃsam paścāt api nivartate
tasya api sumahān dharmaḥ yaḥ pāpāt vinivartate
46. tu yaḥ māṃsam bhakṣayitvā api paścāt nivartate
tasya api sumahān dharmaḥ yaḥ pāpāt vinivartate
46. But he who, even after having eaten meat, later abstains from it; for him, there is also a very great righteous conduct (dharma), for he completely turns away from sin.
आहर्ता चानुमन्ता च विशस्ता क्रयविक्रयी ।
संस्कर्ता चोपभोक्ता च घातकाः सर्व एव ते ॥४७॥
47. āhartā cānumantā ca viśastā krayavikrayī ,
saṁskartā copabhoktā ca ghātakāḥ sarva eva te.
47. āhartā ca anumantā ca viśastā krayavikrayī
saṃskartā ca upabhoktā ca ghātakāḥ sarve eva te
47. te sarve eva āhartā ca anumantā ca viśastā ca
krayavikrayī ca saṃskartā ca upabhoktā ca ghātakāḥ
47. The one who procures (the animal), the one who consents (to the act), the one who slaughters, the one who buys and the one who sells, the one who prepares (the meat), and the one who consumes – all of them are indeed killers.
इदमन्यत्तु वक्ष्यामि प्रमाणं विधिनिर्मितम् ।
पुराणमृषिभिर्जुष्टं वेदेषु परिनिश्चितम् ॥४८॥
48. idamanyattu vakṣyāmi pramāṇaṁ vidhinirmitam ,
purāṇamṛṣibhirjuṣṭaṁ vedeṣu pariniścitam.
48. idam anyat tu vakṣyāmi pramāṇam vidhinirmitam
purāṇam ṛṣibhiḥ juṣṭam vedeṣu pariniścitam
48. tu idam anyat pramāṇam vidhinirmitam purāṇam
ṛṣibhiḥ juṣṭam vedeṣu pariniścitam vakṣyāmi
48. Now, I will declare this other matter: an authoritative standard established by sacred law, which is an ancient tradition (purāṇa) honored by the sages and thoroughly affirmed in the Vedas.
प्रवृत्तिलक्षणे धर्मे फलार्थिभिरभिद्रुते ।
यथोक्तं राजशार्दूल न तु तन्मोक्षकाङ्क्षिणाम् ॥४९॥
49. pravṛttilakṣaṇe dharme phalārthibhirabhidrute ,
yathoktaṁ rājaśārdūla na tu tanmokṣakāṅkṣiṇām.
49. pravṛttilakṣaṇe dharme phalārthibhiḥ abhidrute
yathā uktam rājaśārdūla na tu tat mokṣakāṅkṣiṇām
49. rājaśārdūla,
phalārthibhiḥ abhidrute pravṛttilakṣaṇe dharme yathoktam,
tat tu mokṣakāṅkṣiṇām na
49. O tiger among kings, what has been declared concerning the constitution (dharma) characterized by action, which is pursued by those seeking specific results, that is indeed not for those who long for liberation (mokṣa).
हविर्यत्संस्कृतं मन्त्रैः प्रोक्षिताभ्युक्षितं शुचि ।
वेदोक्तेन प्रमाणेन पितॄणां प्रक्रियासु च ।
अतोऽन्यथा वृथामांसमभक्ष्यं मनुरब्रवीत् ॥५०॥
50. haviryatsaṁskṛtaṁ mantraiḥ prokṣitābhyukṣitaṁ śuci ,
vedoktena pramāṇena pitṝṇāṁ prakriyāsu ca ,
ato'nyathā vṛthāmāṁsamabhakṣyaṁ manurabravīt.
50. haviḥ yat saṃskṛtam mantraiḥ
prokṣitābhyukṣitam śuci vedoktena pramāṇena
pitṝṇām prakriyāsu ca ataḥ anyathā
vṛthāmāṃsam abhakṣyam manuḥ abravīt
50. yat haviḥ mantraiḥ saṃskṛtam prokṣitābhyukṣitam śuci vedoktena pramāṇena pitṝṇām prakriyāsu ca,
ataḥ anyathā manuḥ vṛthāmāṃsam abhakṣyam abravīt
50. That oblation (havis) which has been sanctified with sacred incantations (mantra), sprinkled, consecrated, and made pure; and which conforms to the standard declared in the Vedas for ancestral rites – Manu has declared that any meat prepared otherwise is useless and unfit for consumption.
अस्वर्ग्यमयशस्यं च रक्षोवद्भरतर्षभ ।
विधिना हि नराः पूर्वं मांसं राजन्नभक्षयन् ॥५१॥
51. asvargyamayaśasyaṁ ca rakṣovadbharatarṣabha ,
vidhinā hi narāḥ pūrvaṁ māṁsaṁ rājannabhakṣayan.
51. asvargyam ayaśasyam ca rakṣovat bharatarṣabha
vidhinā hi narāḥ pūrvam māṃsam rājan abhakṣayan
51. bharatarṣabha rājan asvargyam ayaśasyam ca
rakṣovat hi pūrvam narāḥ vidhinā māṃsam abhakṣayan
51. O best of Bharatas, O King, (eating meat) is not conducive to heaven, brings no renown, and is like (the practice of) demons. Nevertheless, in ancient times, people did indeed consume meat according to the prescribed rules.
य इच्छेत्पुरुषोऽत्यन्तमात्मानं निरुपद्रवम् ।
स वर्जयेत मांसानि प्राणिनामिह सर्वशः ॥५२॥
52. ya icchetpuruṣo'tyantamātmānaṁ nirupadravam ,
sa varjayeta māṁsāni prāṇināmiha sarvaśaḥ.
52. yaḥ icchet puruṣaḥ atyantam ātmānam nirupadravam
saḥ varjayeta māṃsāni prāṇinām iha sarvaśaḥ
52. yaḥ puruṣaḥ ātmānam atyantam nirupadravam icchet
saḥ iha sarvaśaḥ prāṇinām māṃsāni varjayeta
52. A person (puruṣa) who desires his true self (ātman) to be completely free from trouble should entirely avoid the flesh of living beings in this world.
श्रूयते हि पुराकल्पे नृणां व्रीहिमयः पशुः ।
येनायजन्त यज्वानः पुण्यलोकपरायणाः ॥५३॥
53. śrūyate hi purākalpe nṛṇāṁ vrīhimayaḥ paśuḥ ,
yenāyajanta yajvānaḥ puṇyalokaparāyaṇāḥ.
53. śrūyate hi purākalpe nṛṇām vrīhimayaḥ paśuḥ
yena ayajanta yajvānaḥ puṇyalokaparāyaṇāḥ
53. hi purākalpe nṛṇām vrīhimayaḥ paśuḥ śrūyate
yena puṇyalokaparāyaṇāḥ yajvānaḥ ayajanta
53. Indeed, it is heard that in a former creation (kalpa), there was a 'sacrificial animal' made of rice for humans. With this, those who performed Vedic rituals (yajña) and aimed for meritorious realms performed their rites.
ऋषिभिः संशयं पृष्टो वसुश्चेदिपतिः पुरा ।
अभक्ष्यमिति मांसं स प्राह भक्ष्यमिति प्रभो ॥५४॥
54. ṛṣibhiḥ saṁśayaṁ pṛṣṭo vasuścedipatiḥ purā ,
abhakṣyamiti māṁsaṁ sa prāha bhakṣyamiti prabho.
54. ṛṣibhiḥ saṃśayam pṛṣṭaḥ vasuḥ cedipatiḥ purā
abhakṣyam iti māṃsam saḥ prāha bhakṣyam iti prabho
54. prabho purā ṛṣibhiḥ saṃśayam pṛṣṭaḥ cedipatiḥ
vasuḥ saḥ abhakṣyam iti māṃsam bhakṣyam iti prāha
54. O Lord, formerly, King Vasu, the lord of Chedi, when questioned by the sages on a matter of doubt, declared meat to be edible (bhakṣya), even though it was considered inedible (abhakṣya).
आकाशान्मेदिनीं प्राप्तस्ततः स पृथिवीपतिः ।
एतदेव पुनश्चोक्त्वा विवेश धरणीतलम् ॥५५॥
55. ākāśānmedinīṁ prāptastataḥ sa pṛthivīpatiḥ ,
etadeva punaścoktvā viveśa dharaṇītalam.
55. ākāśāt medinīm prāptaḥ tataḥ saḥ pṛthivīpatiḥ
etat eva punaḥ ca uktvā viveśa dharaṇītalam
55. saḥ pṛthivīpatiḥ ākāśāt medinīm prāptaḥ tataḥ
etat eva punaḥ ca uktvā dharaṇītalam viveśa
55. That king, having descended from the sky and reached the earth, then, after repeating the same statement, entered the ground.
प्रजानां हितकामेन त्वगस्त्येन महात्मना ।
आरण्याः सर्वदैवत्याः प्रोक्षितास्तपसा मृगाः ॥५६॥
56. prajānāṁ hitakāmena tvagastyena mahātmanā ,
āraṇyāḥ sarvadaivatyāḥ prokṣitāstapasā mṛgāḥ.
56. prajānām hitakāmena tvagastyena mahātmanā
āraṇyāḥ sarvadaivatyāḥ prokṣitāḥ tapasā mṛgāḥ
56. mahātmanā tvagastyena prajānām hitakāmena
tapasā āraṇyāḥ mṛgāḥ sarvadaivatyāḥ prokṣitāḥ
56. Desiring the welfare of the creatures, the great-souled (mahātman) Agastya consecrated the wild animals with his spiritual discipline (tapas), making them entirely dedicated to all deities.
क्रिया ह्येवं न हीयन्ते पितृदैवतसंश्रिताः ।
प्रीयन्ते पितरश्चैव न्यायतो मांसतर्पिताः ॥५७॥
57. kriyā hyevaṁ na hīyante pitṛdaivatasaṁśritāḥ ,
prīyante pitaraścaiva nyāyato māṁsatarpitāḥ.
57. kriyāḥ hi evam na hīyante pitṛdaivatasaṃśritāḥ
prīyante pitaraḥ ca eva nyāyataḥ māṃsatarpitāḥ
57. hi evam pitṛdaivatasaṃśritāḥ kriyāḥ na hīyante
ca eva nyāyataḥ māṃsatarpitāḥ pitaraḥ prīyante
57. Indeed, in this manner, the rites (kriyā) dedicated to ancestors and deities are not diminished. And the ancestors, when duly gratified with meat offerings, are pleased.
इदं तु शृणु राजेन्द्र कीर्त्यमानं मयानघ ।
अभक्षणे सर्वसुखं मांसस्य मनुजाधिप ॥५८॥
58. idaṁ tu śṛṇu rājendra kīrtyamānaṁ mayānagha ,
abhakṣaṇe sarvasukhaṁ māṁsasya manujādhipa.
58. idam tu śṛṇu rājendra kīrtyamānam mayā anagha
abhakṣaṇe sarvasukham māṃsasya manujādhipa
58. rājendra anagha manujādhipa tu mayā kīrtyamānam
idam śṛṇu māṃsasya abhakṣaṇe sarvasukham
58. O King (rājendra), O sinless one (anagha), hear this, which is being proclaimed by me: In refraining from eating meat, there is all happiness, O lord of men (manujādhipa).
यस्तु वर्षशतं पूर्णं तपस्तप्येत्सुदारुणम् ।
यश्चैकं वर्जयेन्मांसं सममेतन्मतं मम ॥५९॥
59. yastu varṣaśataṁ pūrṇaṁ tapastapyetsudāruṇam ,
yaścaikaṁ varjayenmāṁsaṁ samametanmataṁ mama.
59. yaḥ tu varṣaśatam pūrṇam tapaḥ tapyet su-dāruṇam |
yaḥ ca ekam varjayet māṃsam samam etad matam mama
59. yaḥ tu pūrṇam varṣaśatam su-dāruṇam tapaḥ tapyet
yaḥ ca ekam māṃsam varjayet etat samam mama matam
59. Whoever practices exceedingly harsh asceticism (tapas) for a full hundred years, and whoever abstains from even a single type of meat, that is considered equal by me.
कौमुदे तु विशेषेण शुक्लपक्षे नराधिप ।
वर्जयेत्सर्वमांसानि धर्मो ह्यत्र विधीयते ॥६०॥
60. kaumude tu viśeṣeṇa śuklapakṣe narādhipa ,
varjayetsarvamāṁsāni dharmo hyatra vidhīyate.
60. kaumude tu viśeṣeṇa śukla-pakṣe narādhipa |
varjayet sarva-māṃsāni dharmaḥ hi atra vidhīyate
60. narādhipa,
kaumude tu viśeṣeṇa śukla-pakṣe sarva-māṃsāni varjayet hi atra dharmaḥ vidhīyate
60. O king, in the month of Kaumuda, especially during the bright fortnight, one should abstain from all meats; for here, this natural law (dharma) is enjoined.
चतुरो वार्षिकान्मासान्यो मांसं परिवर्जयेत् ।
चत्वारि भद्राण्याप्नोति कीर्तिमायुर्यशो बलम् ॥६१॥
61. caturo vārṣikānmāsānyo māṁsaṁ parivarjayet ,
catvāri bhadrāṇyāpnoti kīrtimāyuryaśo balam.
61. caturaḥ vārṣikān māsān yaḥ māṃsam pari-varjayet
| catvāri bhadrāṇi āpnoti kīrtim āyuḥ yaśaḥ balam
61. yaḥ caturaḥ vārṣikān māsān māṃsam pari-varjayet (saḥ)
catvāri bhadrāṇi kīrtim āyuḥ yaśaḥ balam (ca) āpnoti
61. Whoever completely abstains from meat for the four months of the rainy season attains four auspicious things: fame, long life, glory, and strength.
अथ वा मासमप्येकं सर्वमांसान्यभक्षयन् ।
अतीत्य सर्वदुःखानि सुखी जीवेन्निरामयः ॥६२॥
62. atha vā māsamapyekaṁ sarvamāṁsānyabhakṣayan ,
atītya sarvaduḥkhāni sukhī jīvennirāmayaḥ.
62. atha vā māsam api ekam sarva-māṃsāni abhakṣayan
| atītya sarva-duḥkhāni sukhī jīvet nirāmayaḥ
62. atha vā ekam api māsam sarva-māṃsāni abhakṣayan
(saḥ) sarva-duḥkhāni atītya sukhī nirāmayaḥ jīvet
62. Alternatively, whoever abstains from eating all meats for even a single month, overcoming all sorrows, lives happily and free from disease.
ये वर्जयन्ति मांसानि मासशः पक्षशोऽपि वा ।
तेषां हिंसानिवृत्तानां ब्रह्मलोको विधीयते ॥६३॥
63. ye varjayanti māṁsāni māsaśaḥ pakṣaśo'pi vā ,
teṣāṁ hiṁsānivṛttānāṁ brahmaloko vidhīyate.
63. ye varjayanti māṃsāni māsaśaḥ pakṣaśaḥ api vā
teṣām hiṃsānivṛttānām brahmalokaḥ vidhīyate
63. For those who abstain from meats, either monthly or even fortnightly, the world of [brahman] (brahmaloka) is ordained, as they have ceased from violence.
मांसं तु कौमुदं पक्षं वर्जितं पार्थ राजभिः ।
सर्वभूतात्मभूतैस्तैर्विज्ञातार्थपरावरैः ॥६४॥
64. māṁsaṁ tu kaumudaṁ pakṣaṁ varjitaṁ pārtha rājabhiḥ ,
sarvabhūtātmabhūtaistairvijñātārthaparāvaraiḥ.
64. māṃsam tu kaumudam pakṣam varjitam pārtha rājabhiḥ
sarvabhūtātmabhūtaiḥ taiḥ vijñātārthaparāvaraiḥ
64. Indeed, O Pārtha, meat during the Kāumuda (Kārtika) fortnight was avoided by those kings, who had become the self of all beings and who fully comprehended the higher and lower truths.
नाभागेनाम्बरीषेण गयेन च महात्मना ।
आयुषा चानरण्येन दिलीपरघुपूरुभिः ॥६५॥
65. nābhāgenāmbarīṣeṇa gayena ca mahātmanā ,
āyuṣā cānaraṇyena dilīparaghupūrubhiḥ.
65. nābhāgena ambarīṣeṇa gayena ca mahātmanā
āyuṣā ca anaraṇyena dilīparaghupūrubhiḥ
65. By Nābhāga, by Ambarīṣa, and by the great-souled Gaya; by Āyu and Anaraṇya; and by Dilīpa, Raghu, and Pūru.
कार्तवीर्यानिरुद्धाभ्यां नहुषेण ययातिना ।
नृगेण विष्वगश्वेन तथैव शशबिन्दुना ।
युवनाश्वेन च तथा शिबिनौशीनरेण च ॥६६॥
66. kārtavīryāniruddhābhyāṁ nahuṣeṇa yayātinā ,
nṛgeṇa viṣvagaśvena tathaiva śaśabindunā ,
yuvanāśvena ca tathā śibinauśīnareṇa ca.
66. kārtavīryāniruddhābhyām nahuṣeṇa
yayātinā nṛgeṇa viṣvagśvena
tathā eva śaśabindunā yuvanāśvena
ca tathā śibinauśīnareṇa ca
66. By Kārtavīrya and Aniruddha; by Nahuṣa and Yayāti; by Nṛga, Viṣvagśva, and similarly by Śaśabindu; and also by Yuvanāśva, and by Śibi Auśīnara.
श्येनचित्रेण राजेन्द्र सोमकेन वृकेण च ।
रैवतेन रन्तिदेवेन वसुना सृञ्जयेन च ॥६७॥
67. śyenacitreṇa rājendra somakena vṛkeṇa ca ,
raivatena rantidevena vasunā sṛñjayena ca.
67. śyenacitreṇa rājendra somakena vṛkeṇa ca
raivatena rantidevena vasunā sṛñjayena ca
67. rājendra śyenacitreṇa somakena vṛkeṇa ca
raivatena rantidevena vasunā sṛñjayena ca
67. O king among kings, by Śyenacitra, by Somaka, and by Vṛka; by Raivata, by Rantideva, by Vasu, and by Sṛñjaya.
दुःषन्तेन करूषेण रामालर्कनलैस्तथा ।
विरूपाश्वेन निमिना जनकेन च धीमता ॥६८॥
68. duḥṣantena karūṣeṇa rāmālarkanalaistathā ,
virūpāśvena niminā janakena ca dhīmatā.
68. duḥṣantena karūṣeṇa rāmalarkanalaiḥ tathā
virūpāśvena niminā janakena ca dhīmatā
68. duḥṣantena karūṣeṇa rāmalarkanalaiḥ tathā
virūpāśvena niminā janakena dhīmatā ca
68. By Duṣyanta, by Karūṣa, and similarly by Rāma, Alarka, and Nala; by Virūpāśva, by Nimi, and by the wise Janaka.
सिलेन पृथुना चैव वीरसेनेन चैव ह ।
इक्ष्वाकुणा शंभुना च श्वेतेन सगरेण च ॥६९॥
69. silena pṛthunā caiva vīrasenena caiva ha ,
ikṣvākuṇā śaṁbhunā ca śvetena sagareṇa ca.
69. silena pṛthunā ca eva vīrasenena ca eva ha
ikṣvākuṇā śambhunā ca śvetena sagareṇa ca
69. silena pṛthunā ca eva vīrasenena ca eva ha
ikṣvākuṇā śambhunā ca śvetena sagareṇa ca
69. And certainly by Sila, by Pṛthu, and indeed by Vīrasena; by Ikṣvāku, by Śambhu, and by Śveta, and by Sagara.
एतैश्चान्यैश्च राजेन्द्र पुरा मांसं न भक्षितम् ।
शारदं कौमुदं मासं ततस्ते स्वर्गमाप्नुवन् ॥७०॥
70. etaiścānyaiśca rājendra purā māṁsaṁ na bhakṣitam ,
śāradaṁ kaumudaṁ māsaṁ tataste svargamāpnuvan.
70. etaiḥ ca anyaiḥ ca rājendra purā māṃsam na bhakṣitam
śāradam kaumudam māsam tataḥ te svargam āpnuvan
70. rājendra etaiḥ ca anyaiḥ ca purā śāradam kaumudam
māsam māṃsam na bhakṣitam tataḥ te svargam āpnuvan
70. By these and by other (kings), O king among kings, meat was not consumed in ancient times during the autumnal month of Kaumuda. Therefore, they attained heaven (svarga).
ब्रह्मलोके च तिष्ठन्ति ज्वलमानाः श्रियान्विताः ।
उपास्यमाना गन्धर्वैः स्त्रीसहस्रसमन्विताः ॥७१॥
71. brahmaloke ca tiṣṭhanti jvalamānāḥ śriyānvitāḥ ,
upāsyamānā gandharvaiḥ strīsahasrasamanvitāḥ.
71. brahmaloke ca tiṣṭhanti jvalamānāḥ śriyānvitāḥ
upāsyamānāḥ gandharvaiḥ strī-sahasra-samanvitāḥ
71. jvalamānāḥ śriyānvitāḥ strī-sahasra-samanvitāḥ
gandharvaiḥ upāsyamānāḥ ca brahmaloke tiṣṭhanti
71. And they dwell in the world of (brahman), blazing with splendor, attended upon by Gandharvas and accompanied by thousands of women.
तदेतदुत्तमं धर्ममहिंसालक्षणं शुभम् ।
ये चरन्ति महात्मानो नाकपृष्ठे वसन्ति ते ॥७२॥
72. tadetaduttamaṁ dharmamahiṁsālakṣaṇaṁ śubham ,
ye caranti mahātmāno nākapṛṣṭhe vasanti te.
72. tat etat uttamam dharmam ahiṃsā-lakṣaṇam śubham
ye caranti mahātmānaḥ nāka-pṛṣṭhe vasanti te
72. ye mahātmānaḥ tat etat uttamam ahiṃsā-lakṣaṇam
śubham dharmam caranti te nāka-pṛṣṭhe vasanti
72. Those great souls (mahātman) who follow this supreme and auspicious constitution (dharma), which is characterized by non-violence, they dwell in heaven.
मधु मांसं च ये नित्यं वर्जयन्तीह धार्मिकाः ।
जन्मप्रभृति मद्यं च सर्वे ते मुनयः स्मृताः ।
विशिष्टतां ज्ञातिषु च लभन्ते नात्र संशयः ॥७३॥
73. madhu māṁsaṁ ca ye nityaṁ varjayantīha dhārmikāḥ ,
janmaprabhṛti madyaṁ ca sarve te munayaḥ smṛtāḥ ,
viśiṣṭatāṁ jñātiṣu ca labhante nātra saṁśayaḥ.
73. madhu māṃsam ca ye nityam varjayanti
iha dhārmikāḥ janma-prabhṛti madyam
ca sarve te munayaḥ smṛtāḥ viśiṣṭatām
jñātiṣu ca labhante na atra saṃśayaḥ
73. ye dhārmikāḥ iha janma-prabhṛti madhu
māṃsam ca madyam ca nityam varjayanti
te sarve munayaḥ smṛtāḥ te viśiṣṭatām
jñātiṣu ca labhante atra saṃśayaḥ na
73. Those righteous individuals who, from birth, consistently abstain from honey, meat, and intoxicating drinks in this world, all of them are considered sages (muni). They also attain superiority among their relatives; there is no doubt about this.
आपन्नश्चापदो मुच्येद्बद्धो मुच्येत बन्धनात् ।
मुच्येत्तथातुरो रोगाद्दुःखान्मुच्येत दुःखितः ॥७४॥
74. āpannaścāpado mucyedbaddho mucyeta bandhanāt ,
mucyettathāturo rogādduḥkhānmucyeta duḥkhitaḥ.
74. āpannaḥ ca āpadaḥ mucyet baddhaḥ mucyeta bandhanāt
mucyeta tathā āturaḥ rogāt duḥkhāt mucyeta duḥkhitaḥ
74. āpannaḥ ca āpadaḥ mucyet baddhaḥ bandhanāt mucyeta
tathā āturaḥ rogāt mucyeta duḥkhitaḥ duḥkhāt mucyeta
74. And one who is fallen into distress should be freed from calamity; one who is bound should be freed from bondage. Similarly, the sick person should be freed from disease, and the suffering person should be freed from sorrow.
तिर्यग्योनिं न गच्छेत रूपवांश्च भवेन्नरः ।
बुद्धिमान्वै कुरुश्रेष्ठ प्राप्नुयाच्च महद्यशः ॥७५॥
75. tiryagyoniṁ na gaccheta rūpavāṁśca bhavennaraḥ ,
buddhimānvai kuruśreṣṭha prāpnuyācca mahadyaśaḥ.
75. tiryagyonim na gaccheta rūpavān ca bhavet naraḥ
buddhimān vai kuruśreṣṭha prāpnuyāt ca mahat yaśaḥ
75. naraḥ tiryagyonim na gaccheta ca rūpavān bhavet
buddhimān vai kuruśreṣṭha ca mahat yaśaḥ prāpnuyāt
75. A person will not be born into an animal species. Instead, he will be a handsome man, and indeed, O best of the Kurus, an intelligent one who will attain great fame.
एतत्ते कथितं राजन्मांसस्य परिवर्जने ।
प्रवृत्तौ च निवृत्तौ च विधानमृषिनिर्मितम् ॥७६॥
76. etatte kathitaṁ rājanmāṁsasya parivarjane ,
pravṛttau ca nivṛttau ca vidhānamṛṣinirmitam.
76. etat te kathitam rājan māṁsasya parivarjane
pravṛttau ca nivṛttau ca vidhānam ṛṣinirmitam
76. rājan te etat kathitam māṁsasya parivarjane
ca pravṛttau ca nivṛttau ṛṣinirmitam vidhānam
76. O King, this has been explained to you concerning the avoidance of meat. The rule (vidhāna) established by the sages for both engagement (pravṛtti) and cessation (nivṛtti) in this matter has been recounted.

Links to all chapters:

ādi parva

Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Chapter 9 Chapter 10 Chapter 11 Chapter 12 Chapter 13 Chapter 14 Chapter 15 Chapter 16 Chapter 17 Chapter 18 Chapter 19 Chapter 20 Chapter 21 Chapter 22 Chapter 23 Chapter 24 Chapter 25 Chapter 26 Chapter 27 Chapter 28 Chapter 29 Chapter 30 Chapter 31 Chapter 32 Chapter 33 Chapter 34 Chapter 35 Chapter 36 Chapter 37 Chapter 38 Chapter 39 Chapter 40 Chapter 41 Chapter 42 Chapter 43 Chapter 44 Chapter 45 Chapter 46 Chapter 47 Chapter 48 Chapter 49 Chapter 50 Chapter 51 Chapter 52 Chapter 53 Chapter 54 Chapter 55 Chapter 56 Chapter 57 Chapter 58 Chapter 59 Chapter 60 Chapter 61 Chapter 62 Chapter 63 Chapter 64 Chapter 65 Chapter 66 Chapter 67 Chapter 68 Chapter 69 Chapter 70 Chapter 71 Chapter 72 Chapter 73 Chapter 74 Chapter 75 Chapter 76 Chapter 77 Chapter 78 Chapter 79 Chapter 80 Chapter 81 Chapter 82 Chapter 83 Chapter 84 Chapter 85 Chapter 86 Chapter 87 Chapter 88 Chapter 89 Chapter 90 Chapter 91 Chapter 92 Chapter 93 Chapter 94 Chapter 95 Chapter 96 Chapter 97 Chapter 98 Chapter 99 Chapter 100 Chapter 101 Chapter 102 Chapter 103 Chapter 104 Chapter 105 Chapter 106 Chapter 107 Chapter 108 Chapter 109 Chapter 110 Chapter 111 Chapter 112 Chapter 113 Chapter 114 Chapter 115 Chapter 116 Chapter 117 Chapter 118 Chapter 119 Chapter 120 Chapter 121 Chapter 122 Chapter 123 Chapter 124 Chapter 125 Chapter 126 Chapter 127 Chapter 128 Chapter 129 Chapter 130 Chapter 131 Chapter 132 Chapter 133 Chapter 134 Chapter 135 Chapter 136 Chapter 137 Chapter 138 Chapter 139 Chapter 140 Chapter 141 Chapter 142 Chapter 143 Chapter 144 Chapter 145 Chapter 146 Chapter 147 Chapter 148 Chapter 149 Chapter 150 Chapter 151 Chapter 152 Chapter 153 Chapter 154 Chapter 155 Chapter 156 Chapter 157 Chapter 158 Chapter 159 Chapter 160 Chapter 161 Chapter 162 Chapter 163 Chapter 164 Chapter 165 Chapter 166 Chapter 167 Chapter 168 Chapter 169 Chapter 170 Chapter 171 Chapter 172 Chapter 173 Chapter 174 Chapter 175 Chapter 176 Chapter 177 Chapter 178 Chapter 179 Chapter 180 Chapter 181 Chapter 182 Chapter 183 Chapter 184 Chapter 185 Chapter 186 Chapter 187 Chapter 188 Chapter 189 Chapter 190 Chapter 191 Chapter 192 Chapter 193 Chapter 194 Chapter 195 Chapter 196 Chapter 197 Chapter 198 Chapter 199 Chapter 200 Chapter 201 Chapter 202 Chapter 203 Chapter 204 Chapter 205 Chapter 206 Chapter 207 Chapter 208 Chapter 209 Chapter 210 Chapter 211 Chapter 212 Chapter 213 Chapter 214 Chapter 215 Chapter 216 Chapter 217 Chapter 218 Chapter 219 Chapter 220 Chapter 221 Chapter 222 Chapter 223 Chapter 224 Chapter 225

sabhā parva

Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Chapter 9 Chapter 10 Chapter 11 Chapter 12 Chapter 13 Chapter 14 Chapter 15 Chapter 16 Chapter 17 Chapter 18 Chapter 19 Chapter 20 Chapter 21 Chapter 22 Chapter 23 Chapter 24 Chapter 25 Chapter 26 Chapter 27 Chapter 28 Chapter 29 Chapter 30 Chapter 31 Chapter 32 Chapter 33 Chapter 34 Chapter 35 Chapter 36 Chapter 37 Chapter 38 Chapter 39 Chapter 40 Chapter 41 Chapter 42 Chapter 43 Chapter 44 Chapter 45 Chapter 46 Chapter 47 Chapter 48 Chapter 49 Chapter 50 Chapter 51 Chapter 52 Chapter 53 Chapter 54 Chapter 55 Chapter 56 Chapter 57 Chapter 58 Chapter 59 Chapter 60 Chapter 61 Chapter 62 Chapter 63 Chapter 64 Chapter 65 Chapter 66 Chapter 67 Chapter 68 Chapter 69 Chapter 70 Chapter 71 Chapter 72

vana parva

Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Chapter 9 Chapter 10 Chapter 11 Chapter 12 Chapter 13 Chapter 14 Chapter 15 Chapter 16 Chapter 17 Chapter 18 Chapter 19 Chapter 20 Chapter 21 Chapter 22 Chapter 23 Chapter 24 Chapter 25 Chapter 26 Chapter 27 Chapter 28 Chapter 29 Chapter 30 Chapter 31 Chapter 32 Chapter 33 Chapter 34 Chapter 35 Chapter 36 Chapter 37 Chapter 38 Chapter 39 Chapter 40 Chapter 41 Chapter 42 Chapter 43 Chapter 44 Chapter 45 Chapter 46 Chapter 47 Chapter 48 Chapter 49 Chapter 50 Chapter 51 Chapter 52 Chapter 53 Chapter 54 Chapter 55 Chapter 56 Chapter 57 Chapter 58 Chapter 59 Chapter 60 Chapter 61 Chapter 62 Chapter 63 Chapter 64 Chapter 65 Chapter 66 Chapter 67 Chapter 68 Chapter 69 Chapter 70 Chapter 71 Chapter 72 Chapter 73 Chapter 74 Chapter 75 Chapter 76 Chapter 77 Chapter 78 Chapter 79 Chapter 80 Chapter 81 Chapter 82 Chapter 83 Chapter 84 Chapter 85 Chapter 86 Chapter 87 Chapter 88 Chapter 89 Chapter 90 Chapter 91 Chapter 92 Chapter 93 Chapter 94 Chapter 95 Chapter 96 Chapter 97 Chapter 98 Chapter 99 Chapter 100 Chapter 101 Chapter 102 Chapter 103 Chapter 104 Chapter 105 Chapter 106 Chapter 107 Chapter 108 Chapter 109 Chapter 110 Chapter 111 Chapter 112 Chapter 113 Chapter 114 Chapter 115 Chapter 116 Chapter 117 Chapter 118 Chapter 119 Chapter 120 Chapter 121 Chapter 122 Chapter 123 Chapter 124 Chapter 125 Chapter 126 Chapter 127 Chapter 128 Chapter 129 Chapter 130 Chapter 131 Chapter 132 Chapter 133 Chapter 134 Chapter 135 Chapter 136 Chapter 137 Chapter 138 Chapter 139 Chapter 140 Chapter 141 Chapter 142 Chapter 143 Chapter 144 Chapter 145 Chapter 146 Chapter 147 Chapter 148 Chapter 149 Chapter 150 Chapter 151 Chapter 152 Chapter 153 Chapter 154 Chapter 155 Chapter 156 Chapter 157 Chapter 158 Chapter 159 Chapter 160 Chapter 161 Chapter 162 Chapter 163 Chapter 164 Chapter 165 Chapter 166 Chapter 167 Chapter 168 Chapter 169 Chapter 170 Chapter 171 Chapter 172 Chapter 173 Chapter 174 Chapter 175 Chapter 176 Chapter 177 Chapter 178 Chapter 179 Chapter 180 Chapter 181 Chapter 182 Chapter 183 Chapter 184 Chapter 185 Chapter 186 Chapter 187 Chapter 188 Chapter 189 Chapter 190 Chapter 191 Chapter 192 Chapter 193 Chapter 194 Chapter 195 Chapter 196 Chapter 197 Chapter 198 Chapter 199 Chapter 200 Chapter 201 Chapter 202 Chapter 203 Chapter 204 Chapter 205 Chapter 206 Chapter 207 Chapter 208 Chapter 209 Chapter 210 Chapter 211 Chapter 212 Chapter 213 Chapter 214 Chapter 215 Chapter 216 Chapter 217 Chapter 218 Chapter 219 Chapter 220 Chapter 221 Chapter 222 Chapter 223 Chapter 224 Chapter 225 Chapter 226 Chapter 227 Chapter 228 Chapter 229 Chapter 230 Chapter 231 Chapter 232 Chapter 233 Chapter 234 Chapter 235 Chapter 236 Chapter 237 Chapter 238 Chapter 239 Chapter 240 Chapter 241 Chapter 242 Chapter 243 Chapter 244 Chapter 245 Chapter 246 Chapter 247 Chapter 248 Chapter 249 Chapter 250 Chapter 251 Chapter 252 Chapter 253 Chapter 254 Chapter 255 Chapter 256 Chapter 257 Chapter 258 Chapter 259 Chapter 260 Chapter 261 Chapter 262 Chapter 263 Chapter 264 Chapter 265 Chapter 266 Chapter 267 Chapter 268 Chapter 269 Chapter 270 Chapter 271 Chapter 272 Chapter 273 Chapter 274 Chapter 275 Chapter 276 Chapter 277 Chapter 278 Chapter 279 Chapter 280 Chapter 281 Chapter 282 Chapter 283 Chapter 284 Chapter 285 Chapter 286 Chapter 287 Chapter 288 Chapter 289 Chapter 290 Chapter 291 Chapter 292 Chapter 293 Chapter 294 Chapter 295 Chapter 296 Chapter 297 Chapter 298 Chapter 299

virāṭa parva

Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Chapter 9 Chapter 10 Chapter 11 Chapter 12 Chapter 13 Chapter 14 Chapter 15 Chapter 16 Chapter 17 Chapter 18 Chapter 19 Chapter 20 Chapter 21 Chapter 22 Chapter 23 Chapter 24 Chapter 25 Chapter 26 Chapter 27 Chapter 28 Chapter 29 Chapter 30 Chapter 31 Chapter 32 Chapter 33 Chapter 34 Chapter 35 Chapter 36 Chapter 37 Chapter 38 Chapter 39 Chapter 40 Chapter 41 Chapter 42 Chapter 43 Chapter 44 Chapter 45 Chapter 46 Chapter 47 Chapter 48 Chapter 49 Chapter 50 Chapter 51 Chapter 52 Chapter 53 Chapter 54 Chapter 55 Chapter 56 Chapter 57 Chapter 58 Chapter 59 Chapter 60 Chapter 61 Chapter 62 Chapter 63 Chapter 64 Chapter 65 Chapter 66 Chapter 67

udyoga parva

Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Chapter 9 Chapter 10 Chapter 11 Chapter 12 Chapter 13 Chapter 14 Chapter 15 Chapter 16 Chapter 17 Chapter 18 Chapter 19 Chapter 20 Chapter 21 Chapter 22 Chapter 23 Chapter 24 Chapter 25 Chapter 26 Chapter 27 Chapter 28 Chapter 29 Chapter 30 Chapter 31 Chapter 32 Chapter 33 Chapter 34 Chapter 35 Chapter 36 Chapter 37 Chapter 38 Chapter 39 Chapter 40 Chapter 41 Chapter 42 Chapter 43 Chapter 44 Chapter 45 Chapter 46 Chapter 47 Chapter 48 Chapter 49 Chapter 50 Chapter 51 Chapter 52 Chapter 53 Chapter 54 Chapter 55 Chapter 56 Chapter 57 Chapter 58 Chapter 59 Chapter 60 Chapter 61 Chapter 62 Chapter 63 Chapter 64 Chapter 65 Chapter 66 Chapter 67 Chapter 68 Chapter 69 Chapter 70 Chapter 71 Chapter 72 Chapter 73 Chapter 74 Chapter 75 Chapter 76 Chapter 77 Chapter 78 Chapter 79 Chapter 80 Chapter 81 Chapter 82 Chapter 83 Chapter 84 Chapter 85 Chapter 86 Chapter 87 Chapter 88 Chapter 89 Chapter 90 Chapter 91 Chapter 92 Chapter 93 Chapter 94 Chapter 95 Chapter 96 Chapter 97 Chapter 98 Chapter 99 Chapter 100 Chapter 101 Chapter 102 Chapter 103 Chapter 104 Chapter 105 Chapter 106 Chapter 107 Chapter 108 Chapter 109 Chapter 110 Chapter 111 Chapter 112 Chapter 113 Chapter 114 Chapter 115 Chapter 116 Chapter 117 Chapter 118 Chapter 119 Chapter 120 Chapter 121 Chapter 122 Chapter 123 Chapter 124 Chapter 125 Chapter 126 Chapter 127 Chapter 128 Chapter 129 Chapter 130 Chapter 131 Chapter 132 Chapter 133 Chapter 134 Chapter 135 Chapter 136 Chapter 137 Chapter 138 Chapter 139 Chapter 140 Chapter 141 Chapter 142 Chapter 143 Chapter 144 Chapter 145 Chapter 146 Chapter 147 Chapter 148 Chapter 149 Chapter 150 Chapter 151 Chapter 152 Chapter 153 Chapter 154 Chapter 155 Chapter 156 Chapter 157 Chapter 158 Chapter 159 Chapter 160 Chapter 161 Chapter 162 Chapter 163 Chapter 164 Chapter 165 Chapter 166 Chapter 167 Chapter 168 Chapter 169 Chapter 170 Chapter 171 Chapter 172 Chapter 173 Chapter 174 Chapter 175 Chapter 176 Chapter 177 Chapter 178 Chapter 179 Chapter 180 Chapter 181 Chapter 182 Chapter 183 Chapter 184 Chapter 185 Chapter 186 Chapter 187 Chapter 188 Chapter 189 Chapter 190 Chapter 191 Chapter 192 Chapter 193 Chapter 194 Chapter 195 Chapter 196 Chapter 197

bhīṣma parva

Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Chapter 9 Chapter 10 Chapter 11 Chapter 12 Chapter 13 Chapter 14 Chapter 15 Chapter 16 Chapter 17 Chapter 18 Chapter 19 Chapter 20 Chapter 21 Chapter 22 Chapter 23 Chapter 24 Chapter 25 Chapter 26 Chapter 27 Chapter 28 Chapter 29 Chapter 30 Chapter 31 Chapter 32 Chapter 33 Chapter 34 Chapter 35 Chapter 36 Chapter 37 Chapter 38 Chapter 39 Chapter 40 Chapter 41 Chapter 42 Chapter 43 Chapter 44 Chapter 45 Chapter 46 Chapter 47 Chapter 48 Chapter 49 Chapter 50 Chapter 51 Chapter 52 Chapter 53 Chapter 54 Chapter 55 Chapter 56 Chapter 57 Chapter 58 Chapter 59 Chapter 60 Chapter 61 Chapter 62 Chapter 63 Chapter 64 Chapter 65 Chapter 66 Chapter 67 Chapter 68 Chapter 69 Chapter 70 Chapter 71 Chapter 72 Chapter 73 Chapter 74 Chapter 75 Chapter 76 Chapter 77 Chapter 78 Chapter 79 Chapter 80 Chapter 81 Chapter 82 Chapter 83 Chapter 84 Chapter 85 Chapter 86 Chapter 87 Chapter 88 Chapter 89 Chapter 90 Chapter 91 Chapter 92 Chapter 93 Chapter 94 Chapter 95 Chapter 96 Chapter 97 Chapter 98 Chapter 99 Chapter 100 Chapter 101 Chapter 102 Chapter 103 Chapter 104 Chapter 105 Chapter 106 Chapter 107 Chapter 108 Chapter 109 Chapter 110 Chapter 111 Chapter 112 Chapter 113 Chapter 114 Chapter 115 Chapter 116 Chapter 117

droṇa parva

Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Chapter 9 Chapter 10 Chapter 11 Chapter 12 Chapter 13 Chapter 14 Chapter 15 Chapter 16 Chapter 17 Chapter 18 Chapter 19 Chapter 20 Chapter 21 Chapter 22 Chapter 23 Chapter 24 Chapter 25 Chapter 26 Chapter 27 Chapter 28 Chapter 29 Chapter 30 Chapter 31 Chapter 32 Chapter 33 Chapter 34 Chapter 35 Chapter 36 Chapter 37 Chapter 38 Chapter 39 Chapter 40 Chapter 41 Chapter 42 Chapter 43 Chapter 44 Chapter 45 Chapter 46 Chapter 47 Chapter 48 Chapter 49 Chapter 50 Chapter 51 Chapter 52 Chapter 53 Chapter 54 Chapter 55 Chapter 56 Chapter 57 Chapter 58 Chapter 59 Chapter 60 Chapter 61 Chapter 62 Chapter 63 Chapter 64 Chapter 65 Chapter 66 Chapter 67 Chapter 68 Chapter 69 Chapter 70 Chapter 71 Chapter 72 Chapter 73 Chapter 74 Chapter 75 Chapter 76 Chapter 77 Chapter 78 Chapter 79 Chapter 80 Chapter 81 Chapter 82 Chapter 83 Chapter 84 Chapter 85 Chapter 86 Chapter 87 Chapter 88 Chapter 89 Chapter 90 Chapter 91 Chapter 92 Chapter 93 Chapter 94 Chapter 95 Chapter 96 Chapter 97 Chapter 98 Chapter 99 Chapter 100 Chapter 101 Chapter 102 Chapter 103 Chapter 104 Chapter 105 Chapter 106 Chapter 107 Chapter 108 Chapter 109 Chapter 110 Chapter 111 Chapter 112 Chapter 113 Chapter 114 Chapter 115 Chapter 116 Chapter 117 Chapter 118 Chapter 119 Chapter 120 Chapter 121 Chapter 122 Chapter 123 Chapter 124 Chapter 125 Chapter 126 Chapter 127 Chapter 128 Chapter 129 Chapter 130 Chapter 131 Chapter 132 Chapter 133 Chapter 134 Chapter 135 Chapter 136 Chapter 137 Chapter 138 Chapter 139 Chapter 140 Chapter 141 Chapter 142 Chapter 143 Chapter 144 Chapter 145 Chapter 146 Chapter 147 Chapter 148 Chapter 149 Chapter 150 Chapter 151 Chapter 152 Chapter 153 Chapter 154 Chapter 155 Chapter 156 Chapter 157 Chapter 158 Chapter 159 Chapter 160 Chapter 161 Chapter 162 Chapter 163 Chapter 164 Chapter 165 Chapter 166 Chapter 167 Chapter 168 Chapter 169 Chapter 170 Chapter 171 Chapter 172 Chapter 173

karṇa parva

Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Chapter 9 Chapter 10 Chapter 11 Chapter 12 Chapter 13 Chapter 14 Chapter 15 Chapter 16 Chapter 17 Chapter 18 Chapter 19 Chapter 20 Chapter 21 Chapter 22 Chapter 23 Chapter 24 Chapter 25 Chapter 26 Chapter 27 Chapter 28 Chapter 29 Chapter 30 Chapter 31 Chapter 32 Chapter 33 Chapter 34 Chapter 35 Chapter 36 Chapter 37 Chapter 38 Chapter 39 Chapter 40 Chapter 41 Chapter 42 Chapter 43 Chapter 44 Chapter 45 Chapter 46 Chapter 47 Chapter 48 Chapter 49 Chapter 50 Chapter 51 Chapter 52 Chapter 53 Chapter 54 Chapter 55 Chapter 56 Chapter 57 Chapter 58 Chapter 59 Chapter 60 Chapter 61 Chapter 62 Chapter 63 Chapter 64 Chapter 65 Chapter 66 Chapter 67 Chapter 68 Chapter 69

śalya parva

Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Chapter 9 Chapter 10 Chapter 11 Chapter 12 Chapter 13 Chapter 14 Chapter 15 Chapter 16 Chapter 17 Chapter 18 Chapter 19 Chapter 20 Chapter 21 Chapter 22 Chapter 23 Chapter 24 Chapter 25 Chapter 26 Chapter 27 Chapter 28 Chapter 29 Chapter 30 Chapter 31 Chapter 32 Chapter 33 Chapter 34 Chapter 35 Chapter 36 Chapter 37 Chapter 38 Chapter 39 Chapter 40 Chapter 41 Chapter 42 Chapter 43 Chapter 44 Chapter 45 Chapter 46 Chapter 47 Chapter 48 Chapter 49 Chapter 50 Chapter 51 Chapter 52 Chapter 53 Chapter 54 Chapter 55 Chapter 56 Chapter 57 Chapter 58 Chapter 59 Chapter 60 Chapter 61 Chapter 62 Chapter 63 Chapter 64

sauptika parva

Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Chapter 9 Chapter 10 Chapter 11 Chapter 12 Chapter 13 Chapter 14 Chapter 15 Chapter 16 Chapter 17 Chapter 18

strī parva

Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Chapter 9 Chapter 10 Chapter 11 Chapter 12 Chapter 13 Chapter 14 Chapter 15 Chapter 16 Chapter 17 Chapter 18 Chapter 19 Chapter 20 Chapter 21 Chapter 22 Chapter 23 Chapter 24 Chapter 25 Chapter 26 Chapter 27

śānti parva

Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Chapter 9 Chapter 10 Chapter 11 Chapter 12 Chapter 13 Chapter 14 Chapter 15 Chapter 16 Chapter 17 Chapter 18 Chapter 19 Chapter 20 Chapter 21 Chapter 22 Chapter 23 Chapter 24 Chapter 25 Chapter 26 Chapter 27 Chapter 28 Chapter 29 Chapter 30 Chapter 31 Chapter 32 Chapter 33 Chapter 34 Chapter 35 Chapter 36 Chapter 37 Chapter 38 Chapter 39 Chapter 40 Chapter 41 Chapter 42 Chapter 43 Chapter 44 Chapter 45 Chapter 46 Chapter 47 Chapter 48 Chapter 49 Chapter 50 Chapter 51 Chapter 52 Chapter 53 Chapter 54 Chapter 55 Chapter 56 Chapter 57 Chapter 58 Chapter 59 Chapter 60 Chapter 61 Chapter 62 Chapter 63 Chapter 64 Chapter 65 Chapter 66 Chapter 67 Chapter 68 Chapter 69 Chapter 70 Chapter 71 Chapter 72 Chapter 73 Chapter 74 Chapter 75 Chapter 76 Chapter 77 Chapter 78 Chapter 79 Chapter 80 Chapter 81 Chapter 82 Chapter 83 Chapter 84 Chapter 85 Chapter 86 Chapter 87 Chapter 88 Chapter 89 Chapter 90 Chapter 91 Chapter 92 Chapter 93 Chapter 94 Chapter 95 Chapter 96 Chapter 97 Chapter 98 Chapter 99 Chapter 100 Chapter 101 Chapter 102 Chapter 103 Chapter 104 Chapter 105 Chapter 106 Chapter 107 Chapter 108 Chapter 109 Chapter 110 Chapter 111 Chapter 112 Chapter 113 Chapter 114 Chapter 115 Chapter 116 Chapter 117 Chapter 118 Chapter 119 Chapter 120 Chapter 121 Chapter 122 Chapter 123 Chapter 124 Chapter 125 Chapter 126 Chapter 127 Chapter 128 Chapter 129 Chapter 130 Chapter 131 Chapter 132 Chapter 133 Chapter 134 Chapter 135 Chapter 136 Chapter 137 Chapter 138 Chapter 139 Chapter 140 Chapter 141 Chapter 142 Chapter 143 Chapter 144 Chapter 145 Chapter 146 Chapter 147 Chapter 148 Chapter 149 Chapter 150 Chapter 151 Chapter 152 Chapter 153 Chapter 154 Chapter 155 Chapter 156 Chapter 157 Chapter 158 Chapter 159 Chapter 160 Chapter 161 Chapter 162 Chapter 163 Chapter 164 Chapter 165 Chapter 166 Chapter 167 Chapter 168 Chapter 169 Chapter 170 Chapter 171 Chapter 172 Chapter 173 Chapter 174 Chapter 175 Chapter 176 Chapter 177 Chapter 178 Chapter 179 Chapter 180 Chapter 181 Chapter 182 Chapter 183 Chapter 184 Chapter 185 Chapter 186 Chapter 187 Chapter 188 Chapter 189 Chapter 190 Chapter 191 Chapter 192 Chapter 193 Chapter 194 Chapter 195 Chapter 196 Chapter 197 Chapter 198 Chapter 199 Chapter 200 Chapter 201 Chapter 202 Chapter 203 Chapter 204 Chapter 205 Chapter 206 Chapter 207 Chapter 208 Chapter 209 Chapter 210 Chapter 211 Chapter 212 Chapter 213 Chapter 214 Chapter 215 Chapter 216 Chapter 217 Chapter 218 Chapter 219 Chapter 220 Chapter 221 Chapter 222 Chapter 223 Chapter 224 Chapter 225 Chapter 226 Chapter 227 Chapter 228 Chapter 229 Chapter 230 Chapter 231 Chapter 232 Chapter 233 Chapter 234 Chapter 235 Chapter 236 Chapter 237 Chapter 238 Chapter 239 Chapter 240 Chapter 241 Chapter 242 Chapter 243 Chapter 244 Chapter 245 Chapter 246 Chapter 247 Chapter 248 Chapter 249 Chapter 250 Chapter 251 Chapter 252 Chapter 253 Chapter 254 Chapter 255 Chapter 256 Chapter 257 Chapter 258 Chapter 259 Chapter 260 Chapter 261 Chapter 262 Chapter 263 Chapter 264 Chapter 265 Chapter 266 Chapter 267 Chapter 268 Chapter 269 Chapter 270 Chapter 271 Chapter 272 Chapter 273 Chapter 274 Chapter 275 Chapter 276 Chapter 277 Chapter 278 Chapter 279 Chapter 280 Chapter 281 Chapter 282 Chapter 283 Chapter 284 Chapter 285 Chapter 286 Chapter 287 Chapter 288 Chapter 289 Chapter 290 Chapter 291 Chapter 292 Chapter 293 Chapter 294 Chapter 295 Chapter 296 Chapter 297 Chapter 298 Chapter 299 Chapter 300 Chapter 301 Chapter 302 Chapter 303 Chapter 304 Chapter 305 Chapter 306 Chapter 307 Chapter 308 Chapter 309 Chapter 310 Chapter 311 Chapter 312 Chapter 313 Chapter 314 Chapter 315 Chapter 316 Chapter 317 Chapter 318 Chapter 319 Chapter 320 Chapter 321 Chapter 322 Chapter 323 Chapter 324 Chapter 325 Chapter 326 Chapter 327 Chapter 328 Chapter 329 Chapter 330 Chapter 331 Chapter 332 Chapter 333 Chapter 334 Chapter 335 Chapter 336 Chapter 337 Chapter 338 Chapter 339 Chapter 340 Chapter 341 Chapter 342 Chapter 343 Chapter 344 Chapter 345 Chapter 346 Chapter 347 Chapter 348 Chapter 349 Chapter 350 Chapter 351 Chapter 352 Chapter 353

anuśāsana parva (current book)

Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Chapter 9 Chapter 10 Chapter 11 Chapter 12 Chapter 13 Chapter 14 Chapter 15 Chapter 16 Chapter 17 Chapter 18 Chapter 19 Chapter 20 Chapter 21 Chapter 22 Chapter 23 Chapter 24 Chapter 25 Chapter 26 Chapter 27 Chapter 28 Chapter 29 Chapter 30 Chapter 31 Chapter 32 Chapter 33 Chapter 34 Chapter 35 Chapter 36 Chapter 37 Chapter 38 Chapter 39 Chapter 40 Chapter 41 Chapter 42 Chapter 43 Chapter 44 Chapter 45 Chapter 46 Chapter 47 Chapter 48 Chapter 49 Chapter 50 Chapter 51 Chapter 52 Chapter 53 Chapter 54 Chapter 55 Chapter 56 Chapter 57 Chapter 58 Chapter 59 Chapter 60 Chapter 61 Chapter 62 Chapter 63 Chapter 64 Chapter 65 Chapter 66 Chapter 67 Chapter 68 Chapter 69 Chapter 70 Chapter 71 Chapter 72 Chapter 73 Chapter 74 Chapter 75 Chapter 76 Chapter 77 Chapter 78 Chapter 79 Chapter 80 Chapter 81 Chapter 82 Chapter 83 Chapter 84 Chapter 85 Chapter 86 Chapter 87 Chapter 88 Chapter 89 Chapter 90 Chapter 91 Chapter 92 Chapter 93 Chapter 94 Chapter 95 Chapter 96 Chapter 97 Chapter 98 Chapter 99 Chapter 100 Chapter 101 Chapter 102 Chapter 103 Chapter 104 Chapter 105 Chapter 106 Chapter 107 Chapter 108 Chapter 109 Chapter 110 Chapter 111 Chapter 112 Chapter 113 Chapter 114 Chapter 115 Chapter 116 (current chapter) Chapter 117 Chapter 118 Chapter 119 Chapter 120 Chapter 121 Chapter 122 Chapter 123 Chapter 124 Chapter 125 Chapter 126 Chapter 127 Chapter 128 Chapter 129 Chapter 130 Chapter 131 Chapter 132 Chapter 133 Chapter 134 Chapter 135 Chapter 136 Chapter 137 Chapter 138 Chapter 139 Chapter 140 Chapter 141 Chapter 142 Chapter 143 Chapter 144 Chapter 145 Chapter 146 Chapter 147 Chapter 148 Chapter 149 Chapter 150 Chapter 151 Chapter 152 Chapter 153 Chapter 154

aśvamedhika parva

Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Chapter 9 Chapter 10 Chapter 11 Chapter 12 Chapter 13 Chapter 14 Chapter 15 Chapter 16 Chapter 17 Chapter 18 Chapter 19 Chapter 20 Chapter 21 Chapter 22 Chapter 23 Chapter 24 Chapter 25 Chapter 26 Chapter 27 Chapter 28 Chapter 29 Chapter 30 Chapter 31 Chapter 32 Chapter 33 Chapter 34 Chapter 35 Chapter 36 Chapter 37 Chapter 38 Chapter 39 Chapter 40 Chapter 41 Chapter 42 Chapter 43 Chapter 44 Chapter 45 Chapter 46 Chapter 47 Chapter 48 Chapter 49 Chapter 50 Chapter 51 Chapter 52 Chapter 53 Chapter 54 Chapter 55 Chapter 56 Chapter 57 Chapter 58 Chapter 59 Chapter 60 Chapter 61 Chapter 62 Chapter 63 Chapter 64 Chapter 65 Chapter 66 Chapter 67 Chapter 68 Chapter 69 Chapter 70 Chapter 71 Chapter 72 Chapter 73 Chapter 74 Chapter 75 Chapter 76 Chapter 77 Chapter 78 Chapter 79 Chapter 80 Chapter 81 Chapter 82 Chapter 83 Chapter 84 Chapter 85 Chapter 86 Chapter 87 Chapter 88 Chapter 89 Chapter 90 Chapter 91 Chapter 92 Chapter 93 Chapter 94 Chapter 95 Chapter 96

āśramavāsika parva

Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Chapter 9 Chapter 10 Chapter 11 Chapter 12 Chapter 13 Chapter 14 Chapter 15 Chapter 16 Chapter 17 Chapter 18 Chapter 19 Chapter 20 Chapter 21 Chapter 22 Chapter 23 Chapter 24 Chapter 25 Chapter 26 Chapter 27 Chapter 28 Chapter 29 Chapter 30 Chapter 31 Chapter 32 Chapter 33 Chapter 34 Chapter 35 Chapter 36 Chapter 37 Chapter 38 Chapter 39 Chapter 40 Chapter 41 Chapter 42 Chapter 43 Chapter 44 Chapter 45 Chapter 46 Chapter 47

mausala parva

Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Chapter 9

mahāprasthānika parva

Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3

svargārohaṇa parva

Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5