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महाभारतः       mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-115

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युधिष्ठिर उवाच ।
विद्वान्मूर्खप्रगल्भेन मृदुस्तीक्ष्णेन भारत ।
आक्रुश्यमानः सदसि कथं कुर्यादरिंदम ॥१॥
1. yudhiṣṭhira uvāca ,
vidvānmūrkhapragalbhena mṛdustīkṣṇena bhārata ,
ākruśyamānaḥ sadasi kathaṁ kuryādariṁdama.
1. yudhiṣṭhiraḥ uvāca vidvān mūrkhapegalbhena mṛduḥ tīkṣṇena
bhārata ākruśyamānaḥ sadasi katham kuryāt ariṃdama
1. yudhiṣṭhiraḥ uvāca.
bhārata,
ariṃdama,
sadasi mūrkhapegalbhena tīkṣṇena ākruśyamānaḥ vidvān mṛduḥ katham kuryāt?
1. Yudhiṣṭhira said: "O Bhārata, O vanquisher of foes, how should a wise and gentle man conduct himself in an assembly when he is being reviled by a foolish, arrogant, and harsh person?"
भीष्म उवाच ।
श्रूयतां पृथिवीपाल यथैषोऽर्थोऽनुगीयते ।
सदा सुचेताः सहते नरस्येहाल्पचेतसः ॥२॥
2. bhīṣma uvāca ,
śrūyatāṁ pṛthivīpāla yathaiṣo'rtho'nugīyate ,
sadā sucetāḥ sahate narasyehālpacetasaḥ.
2. bhīṣma uvāca śrūyatām pṛthivīpāla yathā eṣaḥ arthaḥ
anugīyate sadā sucetāḥ sahate narasya iha alpacetasaḥ
2. bhīṣma uvāca pṛthivīpāla eṣaḥ arthaḥ yathā anugīyate
śrūyatām iha sadā sucetāḥ alpacetasaḥ narasya sahate
2. Bhishma said: O king, listen to how this matter is described. In this world, a wise person always tolerates a narrow-minded individual.
अरुष्यन्क्रुश्यमानस्य सुकृतं नाम विन्दति ।
दुष्कृतं चात्मनो मर्षी रुष्यत्येवापमार्ष्टि वै ॥३॥
3. aruṣyankruśyamānasya sukṛtaṁ nāma vindati ,
duṣkṛtaṁ cātmano marṣī ruṣyatyevāpamārṣṭi vai.
3. aruṣyan kruśyamānasya sukṛtam nāma vindati duṣkṛtam
ca ātmanaḥ marṣī ruṣyati eva apamārṣṭi vai
3. kruśyamānasya aruṣyan sukṛtam nāma vindati marṣī ca
ātmanaḥ duṣkṛtam apamārṣṭi ruṣyati eva apamārṣṭi vai
3. One who does not get angry at someone who is reviling him certainly gains merit. The tolerant individual, moreover, wipes away their own misdeeds. Conversely, if one becomes angry, one indeed erases (their own good karma).
टिट्टिभं तमुपेक्षेत वाशमानमिवातुरम् ।
लोकविद्वेषमापन्नो निष्फलं प्रतिपद्यते ॥४॥
4. ṭiṭṭibhaṁ tamupekṣeta vāśamānamivāturam ,
lokavidveṣamāpanno niṣphalaṁ pratipadyate.
4. tiṭṭibham tam upekṣeta vāśamānam iva āturam
lokavidveṣam āpannaḥ niṣphalam pratipadyate
4. tam vāśamānam āturam tiṭṭibham iva upekṣeta
lokavidveṣam āpannaḥ niṣphalam pratipadyate
4. One should disregard such a person as if he were a crying, distressed lapwing. Having incurred the hatred of people, he gains nothing fruitful.
इति स श्लाघते नित्यं तेन पापेन कर्मणा ।
इदमुक्तो मया कश्चित्संमतो जनसंसदि ।
स तत्र व्रीडितः शुष्को मृतकल्पोऽवतिष्ठति ॥५॥
5. iti sa ślāghate nityaṁ tena pāpena karmaṇā ,
idamukto mayā kaścitsaṁmato janasaṁsadi ,
sa tatra vrīḍitaḥ śuṣko mṛtakalpo'vatiṣṭhati.
5. iti saḥ ślāghate nityam tena pāpena
karmaṇā idam uktaḥ mayā kaścit
saṃmataḥ janasaṃsadi saḥ tatra vrīḍitaḥ
śuṣkaḥ mṛtakalpaḥ avatiṣṭhati
5. iti saḥ nityam tena pāpena karmaṇā
ślāghate mayā idam uktaḥ kaścit
saṃmataḥ janasaṃsadi saḥ tatra vrīḍitaḥ
śuṣkaḥ mṛtakalpaḥ avatiṣṭhati
5. Thus, he always boasts about that sinful deed (karma). When someone respected in an assembly of people is spoken to like this by me, he stands there, ashamed, withered, and as if dead.
श्लाघन्नश्लाघनीयेन कर्मणा निरपत्रपः ।
उपेक्षितव्यो दान्तेन तादृशः पुरुषाधमः ॥६॥
6. ślāghannaślāghanīyena karmaṇā nirapatrapaḥ ,
upekṣitavyo dāntena tādṛśaḥ puruṣādhamaḥ.
6. ślāghan aślāghanīyena karmaṇā nirapatrapaḥ
upekṣitavyaḥ dāntena tādṛśaḥ puruṣādhamaḥ
6. tādṛśaḥ puruṣādhamaḥ aślāghanīyena karmaṇā
nirapatrapaḥ ślāghan dāntena upekṣitavyaḥ
6. Such a despicable person (puruṣādhama), boasting shamelessly about an unpraiseworthy action (karma), should be disregarded by a self-controlled individual.
यद्यद्ब्रूयादल्पमतिस्तत्तदस्य सहेत्सदा ।
प्राकृतो हि प्रशंसन्वा निन्दन्वा किं करिष्यति ।
वने काक इवाबुद्धिर्वाशमानो निरर्थकम् ॥७॥
7. yadyadbrūyādalpamatistattadasya sahetsadā ,
prākṛto hi praśaṁsanvā nindanvā kiṁ kariṣyati ,
vane kāka ivābuddhirvāśamāno nirarthakam.
7. yat yat brūyāt alpamatiḥ tat tat asya
sahet sadā prākṛtaḥ hi praśaṃsan
vā nindan vā kim kariṣyati vane
kākaḥ iva abuddhiḥ vāśamānaḥ nirarthakam
7. alpamatiḥ yat yat brūyāt,
asya tat tat sadā sahet.
hi,
praśaṃsan vā nindan vā,
prākṛtaḥ kim kariṣyati? vane nirarthakam vāśamānaḥ abuddhiḥ kākaḥ iva.
7. Whatever a foolish person (alpabuddhi) may say, one should always tolerate it. Indeed, what can a common person (prākṛta) achieve by either praising or criticizing? (He is) like a senseless crow cawing pointlessly in the forest.
यदि वाग्भिः प्रयोगः स्यात्प्रयोगे पापकर्मणः ।
वागेवार्थो भवेत्तस्य न ह्येवार्थो जिघांसतः ॥८॥
8. yadi vāgbhiḥ prayogaḥ syātprayoge pāpakarmaṇaḥ ,
vāgevārtho bhavettasya na hyevārtho jighāṁsataḥ.
8. yadi vāgbhiḥ prayogaḥ syāt prayoge pāpakarmaṇaḥ vāk
eva arthaḥ bhavet tasya na hi eva arthaḥ jighāṃsataḥ
8. yadi pāpakarmaṇaḥ prayoge vāgbhiḥ prayogaḥ syāt,
tasya vāk eva arthaḥ bhavet.
hi,
jighāṃsataḥ arthaḥ na eva.
8. If words had power in the action (karma) of an evil-doer, then the word itself would become his means, but that is certainly not the aim of one who wishes to kill.
निषेकं विपरीतं स आचष्टे वृत्तचेष्टया ।
मयूर इव कौपीनं नृत्यन्संदर्शयन्निव ॥९॥
9. niṣekaṁ viparītaṁ sa ācaṣṭe vṛttaceṣṭayā ,
mayūra iva kaupīnaṁ nṛtyansaṁdarśayanniva.
9. niṣekam viparītam saḥ ācaṣṭe vṛttaceṣṭayā
mayūraḥ iva kaupīnam nṛtyan sandarśayan iva
9. saḥ vṛttaceṣṭayā viparītam niṣekam ācaṣṭe,
mayūraḥ iva kaupīnam nṛtyan sandarśayan iva.
9. By his actions, he reveals a distorted (or perverse) act of procreation (niṣeka), much like a peacock dancing and exposing its private parts.
यस्यावाच्यं न लोकेऽस्ति नाकार्यं वापि किंचन ।
वाचं तेन न संदध्याच्छुचिः संक्लिष्टकर्मणा ॥१०॥
10. yasyāvācyaṁ na loke'sti nākāryaṁ vāpi kiṁcana ,
vācaṁ tena na saṁdadhyācchuciḥ saṁkliṣṭakarmaṇā.
10. yasya avācyam na loke asti na akāryam vā api kiṃcana
vācam tena na saṃdadhyāt śuciḥ saṃkliṣṭakarmaṇā
10. śuciḥ yasya loke avācyam na asti vā api kiṃcana na
akāryam (asti) tena saṃkliṣṭakarmaṇā vācam na saṃdadhyāt
10. A pure person should not engage in conversation with someone for whom there is nothing improper to say or improper to do in this world, and whose actions are consequently defiled.
प्रत्यक्षं गुणवादी यः परोक्षं तु विनिन्दकः ।
स मानवः श्ववल्लोके नष्टलोकपरायणः ॥११॥
11. pratyakṣaṁ guṇavādī yaḥ parokṣaṁ tu vinindakaḥ ,
sa mānavaḥ śvavalloke naṣṭalokaparāyaṇaḥ.
11. pratyakṣam guṇavādī yaḥ parokṣam tu vinindakaḥ
sa mānavaḥ śvavat loke naṣṭalokaparāyaṇaḥ
11. yaḥ pratyakṣam guṇavādī (asti) tu parokṣam vinindakaḥ (asti),
sa mānavaḥ loke śvavat naṣṭalokaparāyaṇaḥ (bhavati)
11. That person who speaks well of one directly (in their presence) but criticizes them behind their back (in their absence) is like a dog in this world, having lost their way in life.
तादृग्जनशतस्यापि यद्ददाति जुहोति च ।
परोक्षेणापवादेन तन्नाशयति स क्षणात् ॥१२॥
12. tādṛgjanaśatasyāpi yaddadāti juhoti ca ,
parokṣeṇāpavādena tannāśayati sa kṣaṇāt.
12. tādṛgjanaśatasya api yat dadāti juhoti ca
parokṣeṇa apavādena tat nāśayati sa kṣaṇāt
12. sa (mānavaḥ) tādṛgjanaśatasya api yat dadāti ca juhoti,
tat parokṣeṇa apavādena kṣaṇāt nāśayati
12. Whatever one gives (in charity) or offers (in sacrifice) to even a hundred such people, that (merit) is instantly destroyed by them through backbiting (slander behind one's back).
तस्मात्प्राज्ञो नरः सद्यस्तादृशं पापचेतसम् ।
वर्जयेत्साधुभिर्वर्ज्यं सारमेयामिषं यथा ॥१३॥
13. tasmātprājño naraḥ sadyastādṛśaṁ pāpacetasam ,
varjayetsādhubhirvarjyaṁ sārameyāmiṣaṁ yathā.
13. tasmāt prājñaḥ naraḥ sadyaḥ tādṛśam pāpacetasam
varjayet sādhubhiḥ varjyam sārameyāmiṣam yathā
13. tasmāt prājñaḥ naraḥ sadyaḥ sādhubhiḥ varjyam
sārameyāmiṣam yathā tādṛśam pāpacetasam (janām) varjayet
13. Therefore, a wise person should immediately shun such an evil-minded individual, just as good people shun dog's meat.
परिवादं ब्रुवाणो हि दुरात्मा वै महात्मने ।
प्रकाशयति दोषान्स्वान्सर्पः फणमिवोच्छ्रितम् ॥१४॥
14. parivādaṁ bruvāṇo hi durātmā vai mahātmane ,
prakāśayati doṣānsvānsarpaḥ phaṇamivocchritam.
14. parivādam bruvāṇaḥ hi durātmā vai mahātmane
prakāśayati doṣān svān sarpaḥ phaṇam iva utśritam
14. durātmā hi vai mahātmane parivādam bruvāṇaḥ svān doṣān prakāśayati,
sarpaḥ utśritam phaṇam iva
14. Indeed, an evil-minded person (durātman), by speaking ill of a great soul (mahātman), certainly reveals his own faults, just as a snake (reveals) its raised hood.
तं स्वकर्माणि कुर्वाणं प्रतिकर्तुं य इच्छति ।
भस्मकूट इवाबुद्धिः खरो रजसि मज्जति ॥१५॥
15. taṁ svakarmāṇi kurvāṇaṁ pratikartuṁ ya icchati ,
bhasmakūṭa ivābuddhiḥ kharo rajasi majjati.
15. tam svakarmāṇi kurvāṇam pratikartum yaḥ icchati
abuddhiḥ kharaḥ rajasi majjati bhasmakūṭaḥ iva
15. yaḥ tam svakarmāṇi kurvāṇam pratikartum icchati,
saḥ abuddhiḥ kharaḥ rajasi majjati,
bhasmakūṭaḥ iva
15. Whoever wishes to retaliate against one performing his own (rightful) actions (karma), that unintelligent person (abuddhi), like a senseless donkey, plunges into the dust, much like (disturbing) a heap of ashes (only creates more dust or is a futile act).
मनुष्यशालावृकमप्रशान्तं जनापवादे सततं निविष्टम् ।
मातङ्गमुन्मत्तमिवोन्नदन्तं त्यजेत तं श्वानमिवातिरौद्रम् ॥१६॥
16. manuṣyaśālāvṛkamapraśāntaṁ; janāpavāde satataṁ niviṣṭam ,
mātaṅgamunmattamivonnadantaṁ; tyajeta taṁ śvānamivātiraudram.
16. manuṣyaśālāvṛkam apraśāntam
janāpavāde satatam niviṣṭam mātaṅgam
unmattam iva unnadantam
tyajeta tam śvānam iva atiraudram
16. janāpavāde satatam niviṣṭam
apraśāntam unmattam mātaṅgam iva
unnadantam atiraudram śvānam
iva manuṣyaśālāvṛkam tam tyajeta
16. One should abandon that exceedingly cruel person (like a dog) who is like a human-wolf, unpacified, constantly engaged in slandering people, and roaring like a mad elephant.
अधीरजुष्टे पथि वर्तमानं दमादपेतं विनयाच्च पापम् ।
अरिव्रतं नित्यमभूतिकामं धिगस्तु तं पापमतिं मनुष्यम् ॥१७॥
17. adhīrajuṣṭe pathi vartamānaṁ; damādapetaṁ vinayācca pāpam ,
arivrataṁ nityamabhūtikāmaṁ; dhigastu taṁ pāpamatiṁ manuṣyam.
17. adhīrajuṣṭe pathi vartamānam damāt apetam vinayāt ca pāpam
arivratam nityam abhūtikāmam dhik astu tam pāpamatim manuṣyam
17. dhik astu tam manuṣyam (yaḥ) adhīrajuṣṭe pathi vartamānam,
damāt vinayāt ca apetam,
pāpam,
arivratam,
nityam abhūtikāmam,
pāpamatim
17. Fie upon that sinful man of wicked mind (pāpamati), who treads a path frequented by the restless and impatient (adhīrajuṣṭa), who is devoid of self-control and humility, whose conduct is hostile (arivrata), and who constantly desires misfortune for others (abhūtikāma).
प्रत्युच्यमानस्तु हि भूय एभिर्निशाम्य मा भूस्त्वमथार्तरूपः ।
उच्चस्य नीचेन हि संप्रयोगं विगर्हयन्ति स्थिरबुद्धयो ये ॥१८॥
18. pratyucyamānastu hi bhūya ebhi;rniśāmya mā bhūstvamathārtarūpaḥ ,
uccasya nīcena hi saṁprayogaṁ; vigarhayanti sthirabuddhayo ye.
18. pratyucyamānaḥ tu hi bhūyaḥ ebhiḥ
niśāmya mā bhūḥ tvam atha ārtarūpaḥ
| uccasya nīcena hi saṃprayogam
vigarhayanti sthirabuddhayaḥ ye
18. tvam ebhiḥ bhūyaḥ pratyucyamānaḥ hi,
niśāmya,
atha ārtarūpaḥ mā bhūḥ.
ye sthirabuddhayaḥ,
(te) uccasya nīcena saṃprayogam hi vigarhayanti.
18. Indeed, considering that you are being spoken back to by such individuals again, do not become distressed. For those with a steady intellect truly condemn the association of the noble with the ignoble.
क्रुद्धो दशार्धेन हि ताडयेद्वा स पांसुभिर्वापकिरेत्तुषैर्वा ।
विवृत्य दन्तांश्च विभीषयेद्वा सिद्धं हि मूर्खे कुपिते नृशंसे ॥१९॥
19. kruddho daśārdhena hi tāḍayedvā; sa pāṁsubhirvāpakirettuṣairvā ,
vivṛtya dantāṁśca vibhīṣayedvā; siddhaṁ hi mūrkhe kupite nṛśaṁse.
19. kruddhaḥ daśārdhena hi tāḍayet vā
saḥ pāṃsubhiḥ vā apakiret tuṣaiḥ vā
| vivṛtya dantān ca vibhīṣayet vā
siddham hi mūrkhe kupite nṛśaṃse
19. kruddhaḥ saḥ hi daśārdhena tāḍayet vā,
pāṃsubhiḥ vā tuṣaiḥ vā apakiret,
ca dantān vivṛtya vā vibhīṣayet.
mūrkhe nṛśaṃse kupite hi (kim) siddham (asti)?
19. Indeed, an enraged person might strike with five (fingers), or he might scatter dust or husks, or bare his teeth and try to frighten you. For truly, nothing is gained when a cruel, foolish individual becomes angry.
विगर्हणां परमदुरात्मना कृतां सहेत यः संसदि दुर्जनान्नरः ।
पठेदिदं चापि निदर्शनं सदा न वाङ्मयं स लभति किंचिदप्रियम् ॥२०॥
20. vigarhaṇāṁ paramadurātmanā kṛtāṁ; saheta yaḥ saṁsadi durjanānnaraḥ ,
paṭhedidaṁ cāpi nidarśanaṁ sadā; na vāṅmayaṁ sa labhati kiṁcidapriyam.
20. vigarhaṇām paramadurātmanā kṛtām
saheta yaḥ saṃsadi durjanāt naraḥ |
paṭhet idam ca api nidarśanam sadā na
vāṅmayam saḥ labhati kiṃcit apriyam
20. yaḥ naraḥ saṃsadi durjanāt paramadurātmanā kṛtām vigarhaṇām saheta,
ca api idam nidarśanam sadā paṭhet,
saḥ kiṃcit apriyam vāṅmayam na labhati.
20. The man who, in an assembly, endures even from a wicked person the condemnation made by an extremely evil individual (ātman), and who always recites this example, he does not encounter any disagreeable speech.