Skip to content
אתר זה לא תומך בגרסאות ישנות של אינטרנט אקספלורר
מומלץ להשתמש בדפדפן גוגל כרום או פיירפוקס מוזילה
(או באינטרנט אקספלורר / edge עדכני)
Enjoy Learning Sanskrit tips, tools, resources and more...

महाभारतः       mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-30

Use the following checkboxes to set the display options for this chapter (You can also control the display of each verse separately):
what would you like to see in each verse:
वैशंपायन उवाच ।
रक्षणाद्धर्मराजस्य सत्यस्य परिपालनात् ।
शत्रूणां क्षपणाच्चैव स्वकर्मनिरताः प्रजाः ॥१॥
1. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
rakṣaṇāddharmarājasya satyasya paripālanāt ,
śatrūṇāṁ kṣapaṇāccaiva svakarmaniratāḥ prajāḥ.
1. vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca rakṣaṇāt dharmarājasya satyasya
paripālanāt śatrūṇām kṣapaṇāt ca eva svakarmaniratāḥ prajāḥ
1. Vaiśaṃpāyana said: Due to the protection provided by the king of righteousness (dharma-rāja), the upholding of truth, and the destruction of enemies, the people were diligently engaged in their own prescribed actions (sva-karma).
बलीनां सम्यगादानाद्धर्मतश्चानुशासनात् ।
निकामवर्षी पर्जन्यः स्फीतो जनपदोऽभवत् ॥२॥
2. balīnāṁ samyagādānāddharmataścānuśāsanāt ,
nikāmavarṣī parjanyaḥ sphīto janapado'bhavat.
2. balīnām samyak ādānāt dharmataḥ ca anuśāsanāt
nikāmavarṣī parjanyaḥ sphītaḥ janapadaḥ abhavat
2. Due to the proper collection of tributes and righteous governance (anuśāsana) according to natural law (dharma), the rain god (parjanya) showered rain as desired, and the country (janapada) became prosperous.
सर्वारम्भाः सुप्रवृत्ता गोरक्षं कर्षणं वणिक् ।
विशेषात्सर्वमेवैतत्संजज्ञे राजकर्मणः ॥३॥
3. sarvārambhāḥ supravṛttā gorakṣaṁ karṣaṇaṁ vaṇik ,
viśeṣātsarvamevaitatsaṁjajñe rājakarmaṇaḥ.
3. sarvārambhāḥ supravṛttāḥ gorakṣam karṣaṇam vaṇik
viśeṣāt sarvam eva etat saṃjajñe rājakarmaṇaḥ
3. All undertakings, including cattle protection, agriculture, and trade, flourished. Indeed, all of this especially originated from the king's actions (karma).
दस्युभ्यो वञ्चकेभ्यो वा राजन्प्रति परस्परम् ।
राजवल्लभतश्चैव नाश्रूयन्त मृषा गिरः ॥४॥
4. dasyubhyo vañcakebhyo vā rājanprati parasparam ,
rājavallabhataścaiva nāśrūyanta mṛṣā giraḥ.
4. dasyubhyaḥ vañcakebhyaḥ vā rājan prati parasparam
rājavallabhataḥ ca eva na aśrūyanta mṛṣā giraḥ
4. O King, false statements (mṛṣā giraḥ) were not heard from robbers, or from deceivers, nor from people mutually against each other, and certainly not even from the king's favored officials (rājavallabha).
अवर्षं चातिवर्षं च व्याधिपावकमूर्छनम् ।
सर्वमेतत्तदा नासीद्धर्मनित्ये युधिष्ठिरे ॥५॥
5. avarṣaṁ cātivarṣaṁ ca vyādhipāvakamūrchanam ,
sarvametattadā nāsīddharmanitye yudhiṣṭhire.
5. avarṣam ca ativarṣam ca vyādhipāvakamūrchanam
sarvam etat tadā na āsīt dharmanitye yudhiṣṭhire
5. At that time, there was neither drought nor excessive rain, nor disease, fire, or unconsciousness, because Yudhiṣṭhira was always firm in his natural law (dharma).
प्रियं कर्तुमुपस्थातुं बलिकर्म स्वभावजम् ।
अभिहर्तुं नृपा जग्मुर्नान्यैः कार्यैः पृथक्पृथक् ॥६॥
6. priyaṁ kartumupasthātuṁ balikarma svabhāvajam ,
abhihartuṁ nṛpā jagmurnānyaiḥ kāryaiḥ pṛthakpṛthak.
6. priyam kartum upasthātum balikarma svabhāvajam
abhihartum nṛpā jagmuḥ na anyaiḥ kāryaiḥ pṛthakpṛthak
6. Kings came to perform agreeable services, to present the customary tribute (bali-karma), and to offer taxes; they did not come for any other distinct or separate purposes.
धर्म्यैर्धनागमैस्तस्य ववृधे निचयो महान् ।
कर्तुं यस्य न शक्येत क्षयो वर्षशतैरपि ॥७॥
7. dharmyairdhanāgamaistasya vavṛdhe nicayo mahān ,
kartuṁ yasya na śakyeta kṣayo varṣaśatairapi.
7. dharmyaiḥ dhanāgamaiḥ tasya vavṛdhe nicayaḥ mahān
kartum yasya na śakyeta kṣayaḥ varṣaśataiḥ api
7. Through righteous (dharmya) acquisitions of wealth, his great accumulation (nicaya) grew, the depletion of which could not be accomplished even in a hundred years.
स्वकोशस्य परीमाणं कोष्ठस्य च महीपतिः ।
विज्ञाय राजा कौन्तेयो यज्ञायैव मनो दधे ॥८॥
8. svakośasya parīmāṇaṁ koṣṭhasya ca mahīpatiḥ ,
vijñāya rājā kaunteyo yajñāyaiva mano dadhe.
8. sva-kośasya parīmāṇam koṣṭhasya ca mahīpatiḥ
vijñāya rājā kaunteyaḥ yajñāya eva manaḥ dadhe
8. mahīpatiḥ rājā kaunteyaḥ sva-kośasya koṣṭhasya
ca parīmāṇam vijñāya yajñāya eva manaḥ dadhe
8. Having ascertained the full measure of his own treasury and his storehouse, the king, Kaunteya (son of Kuntī), truly fixed his mind upon the Vedic ritual (yajña).
सुहृदश्चैव तं सर्वे पृथक्च सह चाब्रुवन् ।
यज्ञकालस्तव विभो क्रियतामत्र सांप्रतम् ॥९॥
9. suhṛdaścaiva taṁ sarve pṛthakca saha cābruvan ,
yajñakālastava vibho kriyatāmatra sāṁpratam.
9. suhṛdaḥ ca eva tam sarve pṛthak ca saha ca abruvan
yajña-kālaḥ tava vibho kriyatām atra sāṃpratam
9. sarve suhṛdaḥ ca eva pṛthak ca saha ca tam abruvan
vibho tava yajña-kālaḥ atra sāṃpratam kriyatām
9. All his well-wishers, both individually and collectively, then spoke to him: "O mighty one, it is indeed your time for the Vedic ritual (yajña); let it be performed here now."
अथैवं ब्रुवतामेव तेषामभ्याययौ हरिः ।
ऋषिः पुराणो वेदात्मा दृश्यश्चापि विजानताम् ॥१०॥
10. athaivaṁ bruvatāmeva teṣāmabhyāyayau hariḥ ,
ṛṣiḥ purāṇo vedātmā dṛśyaścāpi vijānatām.
10. atha evam bruvatām eva teṣām abhyāyayau hariḥ
ṛṣiḥ purāṇaḥ vedātmā dṛśyaḥ ca api vijānatām
10. Then, as they were speaking thus, Hari approached them. He is the ancient sage (ṛṣi), the very essence of the Vedas, and is indeed visible to those who possess true knowledge.
जगतस्तस्थुषां श्रेष्ठः प्रभवश्चाप्ययश्च ह ।
भूतभव्यभवन्नाथः केशवः केशिसूदनः ॥११॥
11. jagatastasthuṣāṁ śreṣṭhaḥ prabhavaścāpyayaśca ha ,
bhūtabhavyabhavannāthaḥ keśavaḥ keśisūdanaḥ.
11. jagataḥ tasthuṣām śreṣṭhaḥ prabhavaḥ ca apyayaḥ
ca ha bhūtabhavyabhavannāthaḥ keśavaḥ keśisūdanaḥ
11. He is the supreme among all moving and non-moving beings, the very origin and dissolution of all creation. He is the master of past, present, and future - Keśava, the slayer of the Keśin demon.
प्राकारः सर्ववृष्णीनामापत्स्वभयदोऽरिहा ।
बलाधिकारे निक्षिप्य संहत्यानकदुन्दुभिम् ॥१२॥
12. prākāraḥ sarvavṛṣṇīnāmāpatsvabhayado'rihā ,
balādhikāre nikṣipya saṁhatyānakadundubhim.
12. prākāraḥ sarvavṛṣṇīnām āpatsu abhayadaḥ arihā
balādhikāre nikṣipya saṃhatya anakadundubhim
12. He is a fortress for all the Vṛṣṇis, a bestower of fearlessness in times of calamity, and an annihilator of enemies. He (does all this) by placing Anakadundubhi in military command, having brought (the forces) together.
उच्चावचमुपादाय धर्मराजाय माधवः ।
धनौघं पुरुषव्याघ्रो बलेन महता वृतः ॥१३॥
13. uccāvacamupādāya dharmarājāya mādhavaḥ ,
dhanaughaṁ puruṣavyāghro balena mahatā vṛtaḥ.
13. uccāvacam upādāya dharmarājāya mādhavaḥ
dhanaugham puruṣavyāghraḥ balena mahatā vṛtaḥ
13. Having collected various kinds of wealth for King Yudhiṣṭhira (dharmarāja), Mādhava (Kṛṣṇa), that tiger among men (puruṣavyāghra), was accompanied by a great army.
तं धनौघमपर्यन्तं रत्नसागरमक्षयम् ।
नादयन्रथघोषेण प्रविवेश पुरोत्तमम् ॥१४॥
14. taṁ dhanaughamaparyantaṁ ratnasāgaramakṣayam ,
nādayanrathaghoṣeṇa praviveśa purottamam.
14. tam dhanaugham aparyantam ratnasāgaram akṣayam
nādayan rathaghoṣeṇa praviveśa purottamam
14. Making the excellent city (purottamam) resound with the clamor of chariots, he entered, bringing that boundless and inexhaustible multitude of wealth (dhanaugham), which was like an ocean of jewels (ratnasāgaram).
असूर्यमिव सूर्येण निवातमिव वायुना ।
कृष्णेन समुपेतेन जहृषे भारतं पुरम् ॥१५॥
15. asūryamiva sūryeṇa nivātamiva vāyunā ,
kṛṣṇena samupetena jahṛṣe bhārataṁ puram.
15. asūryam iva sūryeṇa nivātam iva vāyunā
kṛṣṇena samupetena jahṛṣe bhāratam puram
15. The city (puram) of Hastinapura (bhāratam) rejoiced with Kṛṣṇa's arrival, just as a sunless place (asūryam) is illuminated by the sun (sūryeṇa), or a windless place (nivātam) is stirred by the wind (vāyunā).
तं मुदाभिसमागम्य सत्कृत्य च यथाविधि ।
संपृष्ट्वा कुशलं चैव सुखासीनं युधिष्ठिरः ॥१६॥
16. taṁ mudābhisamāgamya satkṛtya ca yathāvidhi ,
saṁpṛṣṭvā kuśalaṁ caiva sukhāsīnaṁ yudhiṣṭhiraḥ.
16. tam mudā abhisamāgamya satkṛtya ca yathāvidhi
sampṛṣṭvā kuśalam ca eva sukhāsīnam yudhiṣṭhiraḥ
16. Yudhiṣṭhira, having joyfully (mudā) gone to meet him (Kṛṣṇa) and having honored him properly (yathāvidhi), then inquired about his well-being (kuśalam) as he (Kṛṣṇa) sat comfortably (sukhāsīnam).
धौम्यद्वैपायनमुखैरृत्विग्भिः पुरुषर्षभः ।
भीमार्जुनयमैश्चापि सहितः कृष्णमब्रवीत् ॥१७॥
17. dhaumyadvaipāyanamukhairṛtvigbhiḥ puruṣarṣabhaḥ ,
bhīmārjunayamaiścāpi sahitaḥ kṛṣṇamabravīt.
17. dhaumyadvapāyanamukhaiḥ ṛtvigbhiḥ puruṣarṣabhaḥ
bhīmārjunayamaiḥ ca api sahitaḥ kṛṣṇam abravīt
17. Accompanied by priests led by Dhaumya and Dvaipāyana, and also by Bhīma, Arjuna, and the Yamas (Nakula and Sahadeva), Yudhishthira, the best among men, spoke to Krishna (Kṛṣṇa).
त्वत्कृते पृथिवी सर्वा मद्वशे कृष्ण वर्तते ।
धनं च बहु वार्ष्णेय त्वत्प्रसादादुपार्जितम् ॥१८॥
18. tvatkṛte pṛthivī sarvā madvaśe kṛṣṇa vartate ,
dhanaṁ ca bahu vārṣṇeya tvatprasādādupārjitam.
18. tvatkṛte pṛthivī sarvā madvaśe kṛṣṇa vartate
dhanam ca bahu vārṣṇeya tvatprasādāt upārjitam
18. O Krishna (Kṛṣṇa), the entire earth is under my control because of you. And O Vārṣṇeya, much wealth has been acquired through your grace.
सोऽहमिच्छामि तत्सर्वं विधिवद्देवकीसुत ।
उपयोक्तुं द्विजाग्र्येषु हव्यवाहे च माधव ॥१९॥
19. so'hamicchāmi tatsarvaṁ vidhivaddevakīsuta ,
upayoktuṁ dvijāgryeṣu havyavāhe ca mādhava.
19. saḥ aham icchāmi tat sarvam vidhivat devakīsuta
upayoktum dvijāgryeṣu havyavāhe ca mādhava
19. Therefore, O son of Devaki, O Madhava, I wish to utilize all that wealth properly, according to the sacred injunctions, by distributing it among the foremost Brahmins and offering it into the sacrificial fire.
तदहं यष्टुमिच्छामि दाशार्ह सहितस्त्वया ।
अनुजैश्च महाबाहो तन्मानुज्ञातुमर्हसि ॥२०॥
20. tadahaṁ yaṣṭumicchāmi dāśārha sahitastvayā ,
anujaiśca mahābāho tanmānujñātumarhasi.
20. tat aham yaṣṭum icchāmi dāśārha sahitaḥ tvayā
anujaiḥ ca mahābāho tat mā anujñātum arhasi
20. mahābāho dāśārha aham tat tvayā anujaiḥ ca
sahitaḥ yaṣṭum icchāmi tat mā anujñātum arhasi
20. O Dāśārha (Krishna), O mighty-armed one, I desire to perform that (Vedic ritual) together with you and my younger brothers. Therefore, you should permit me to do that.
स दीक्षापय गोविन्द त्वमात्मानं महाभुज ।
त्वयीष्टवति दाशार्ह विपाप्मा भविता ह्यहम् ॥२१॥
21. sa dīkṣāpaya govinda tvamātmānaṁ mahābhuja ,
tvayīṣṭavati dāśārha vipāpmā bhavitā hyaham.
21. sa dīkṣāpaya govinda tvam ātmānam mahābhuja
tvayi iṣṭavati dāśārha vipāpmā bhavitā hi aham
21. O Govinda, O mighty-armed one, you should perform the consecration (dīkṣā) yourself. Indeed, when you, O Dāśārha, have performed the Vedic ritual (yajña), I shall become free from sin.
मां वाप्यभ्यनुजानीहि सहैभिरनुजैर्विभो ।
अनुज्ञातस्त्वया कृष्ण प्राप्नुयां क्रतुमुत्तमम् ॥२२॥
22. māṁ vāpyabhyanujānīhi sahaibhiranujairvibho ,
anujñātastvayā kṛṣṇa prāpnuyāṁ kratumuttamam.
22. mām vā api abhyanujānīhi saha ebhiḥ anujaiḥ vibho
anujñātaḥ tvayā kṛṣṇa prāpnuyām kratum uttamam
22. Or, O Lord, permit me also along with these younger brothers. O Krishna, once I am permitted by you, I shall obtain the most excellent Vedic ritual (yajña).
तं कृष्णः प्रत्युवाचेदं बहूक्त्वा गुणविस्तरम् ।
त्वमेव राजशार्दूल सम्राडर्हो महाक्रतुम् ।
संप्राप्नुहि त्वया प्राप्ते कृतकृत्यास्ततो वयम् ॥२३॥
23. taṁ kṛṣṇaḥ pratyuvācedaṁ bahūktvā guṇavistaram ,
tvameva rājaśārdūla samrāḍarho mahākratum ,
saṁprāpnuhi tvayā prāpte kṛtakṛtyāstato vayam.
23. tam kṛṣṇaḥ pratyuvāca idam bahu uktvā
guṇavistaram tvam eva rājaśārdūla
samrāṭ arhaḥ mahākratum samprāpnuhi
tvayā prāpte kṛtakṛtyāḥ tataḥ vayam
23. Having spoken at length about his great qualities, Krishna replied to him: 'O tiger among kings, you alone, as emperor, are truly worthy of a great Vedic ritual (yajña). Therefore, you should undertake it! Once it is performed by you, then we shall consider our duty fulfilled (kṛtakṛtya).'
यजस्वाभीप्सितं यज्ञं मयि श्रेयस्यवस्थिते ।
नियुङ्क्ष्व चापि मां कृत्ये सर्वं कर्तास्मि ते वचः ॥२४॥
24. yajasvābhīpsitaṁ yajñaṁ mayi śreyasyavasthite ,
niyuṅkṣva cāpi māṁ kṛtye sarvaṁ kartāsmi te vacaḥ.
24. yajasva abhīpsitam yajñam mayi śreyasi avasthite
niyuṅkṣva ca api mām kṛtye sarvam kartā asmi te vacaḥ
24. Perform the desired Vedic ritual (yajña) while I am present here for your prosperity. And also, assign me to any task; I will carry out all your commands.
युधिष्ठिर उवाच ।
सफलः कृष्ण संकल्पः सिद्धिश्च नियता मम ।
यस्य मे त्वं हृषीकेश यथेप्सितमुपस्थितः ॥२५॥
25. yudhiṣṭhira uvāca ,
saphalaḥ kṛṣṇa saṁkalpaḥ siddhiśca niyatā mama ,
yasya me tvaṁ hṛṣīkeśa yathepsitamupasthitaḥ.
25. yudhiṣṭhira uvāca saphalaḥ kṛṣṇa saṃkalpaḥ siddhiḥ ca
niyatā mama yasya me tvam hṛṣīkeśa yathā īpsitam upasthitaḥ
25. Yudhiṣṭhira said: O Kṛṣṇa, my resolve (saṃkalpa) is fruitful, and my success is assured, because you, Hṛṣīkeśa, are present with me as I desired.
वैशंपायन उवाच ।
अनुज्ञातस्तु कृष्णेन पाण्डवो भ्रातृभिः सह ।
ईहितुं राजसूयाय साधनान्युपचक्रमे ॥२६॥
26. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
anujñātastu kṛṣṇena pāṇḍavo bhrātṛbhiḥ saha ,
īhituṁ rājasūyāya sādhanānyupacakrame.
26. vaiśampāyanaḥ uvāca | anujñātaḥ tu kṛṣṇena pāṇḍavaḥ
bhrātṛbhiḥ saha | īhitum rājasūyāya sādhanāni upacakrame
26. vaiśampāyanaḥ uvāca kṛṣṇena anujñātaḥ tu bhrātṛbhiḥ
saha pāṇḍavaḥ rājasūyāya īhitum sādhanāni upacakrame
26. Vaishaṃpāyana said: Having been permitted by Krishna, the son of Pāṇḍu, along with his brothers, began to procure the means for the Rājasūya (Vedic ritual).
तत आज्ञापयामास पाण्डवोऽरिनिबर्हणः ।
सहदेवं युधां श्रेष्ठं मन्त्रिणश्चैव सर्वशः ॥२७॥
27. tata ājñāpayāmāsa pāṇḍavo'rinibarhaṇaḥ ,
sahadevaṁ yudhāṁ śreṣṭhaṁ mantriṇaścaiva sarvaśaḥ.
27. tataḥ ājñāpayāmāsa pāṇḍavaḥ arinibarhaṇaḥ
sahadevam yudhām śreṣṭham mantriṇaḥ ca eva sarvaśaḥ
27. Then, the Pāṇḍava, the destroyer of enemies (arinibarhaṇa), ordered Sahadeva, the best among warriors (yudhāṃ śreṣṭha), and all his ministers.
अस्मिन्क्रतौ यथोक्तानि यज्ञाङ्गानि द्विजातिभिः ।
तथोपकरणं सर्वं मङ्गलानि च सर्वशः ॥२८॥
28. asminkratau yathoktāni yajñāṅgāni dvijātibhiḥ ,
tathopakaraṇaṁ sarvaṁ maṅgalāni ca sarvaśaḥ.
28. asmin kratau yathoktāni yajñāṅgāni dvijātibhiḥ
| tathā upakaraṇam sarvam maṅgalāni ca sarvaśaḥ
28. asmin kratau dvijātibhiḥ yathoktāni yajñāṅgāni
tathā sarvam upakaraṇam ca sarvaśaḥ maṅgalāni
28. In this (Vedic ritual), all the components of the (Vedic ritual) (yajña) as prescribed by the twice-born (dvijāti) ones, and likewise all the equipment and auspicious items, were entirely gathered.
अधियज्ञांश्च संभारान्धौम्योक्तान्क्षिप्रमेव हि ।
समानयन्तु पुरुषा यथायोगं यथाक्रमम् ॥२९॥
29. adhiyajñāṁśca saṁbhārāndhaumyoktānkṣiprameva hi ,
samānayantu puruṣā yathāyogaṁ yathākramam.
29. adhiyajñān ca saṃbhārān dhaumyoktān kṣipram eva
hi samānayantu puruṣāḥ yathāyogam yathākramam
29. Indeed, let the men quickly gather the provisions for the "yajña" (sacrifice) as instructed by Dhaumya, doing so appropriately and in proper sequence.
इन्द्रसेनो विशोकश्च पूरुश्चार्जुनसारथिः ।
अन्नाद्याहरणे युक्ताः सन्तु मत्प्रियकाम्यया ॥३०॥
30. indraseno viśokaśca pūruścārjunasārathiḥ ,
annādyāharaṇe yuktāḥ santu matpriyakāmyayā.
30. indrasenaḥ viśokaḥ ca pūruḥ ca arjunasārathiḥ
annādyāharaṇe yuktāḥ santu matpriyakāmyayā
30. Let Indrasena, Viśoka, Pūru, and Arjuna's charioteer be appointed to gather food and other provisions, for the fulfillment of my wishes.
सर्वकामाश्च कार्यन्तां रसगन्धसमन्विताः ।
मनोहराः प्रीतिकरा द्विजानां कुरुसत्तम ॥३१॥
31. sarvakāmāśca kāryantāṁ rasagandhasamanvitāḥ ,
manoharāḥ prītikarā dvijānāṁ kurusattama.
31. sarvakāmāḥ ca kāryantām rasagandhasamanvitāḥ
manoharāḥ prītikārāḥ dvijānām kurusattama
31. O best of the Kurus, let all desired items be prepared, imbued with delicious tastes and fragrances, charming and delightful to the Brahmins (dvijānām).
तद्वाक्यसमकालं तु कृतं सर्वमवेदयत् ।
सहदेवो युधां श्रेष्ठो धर्मराजे महात्मनि ॥३२॥
32. tadvākyasamakālaṁ tu kṛtaṁ sarvamavedayat ,
sahadevo yudhāṁ śreṣṭho dharmarāje mahātmani.
32. tat vākyasamakālam tu kṛtam sarvam avedayat
sahadevaḥ yudhām śreṣṭhaḥ dharmarāje mahātmani
32. But immediately upon hearing those words, Sahadeva, the best among warriors, informed the great-souled king of "dharma" (dharmarāja) that everything had been accomplished.
ततो द्वैपायनो राजन्नृत्विजः समुपानयत् ।
वेदानिव महाभागान्साक्षान्मूर्तिमतो द्विजान् ॥३३॥
33. tato dvaipāyano rājannṛtvijaḥ samupānayat ,
vedāniva mahābhāgānsākṣānmūrtimato dvijān.
33. tataḥ dvaipāyanaḥ rājan ṛtvijaḥ samupānayat
vedān iva mahābhāgān sākṣāt mūrtimataḥ dvijān
33. Then, O King, Dvaipāyana brought together the officiating priests (ṛtvijaḥ), who were highly esteemed, directly embodied brahmins (dvijān), as if they were the Vedas themselves.
स्वयं ब्रह्मत्वमकरोत्तस्य सत्यवतीसुतः ।
धनंजयानामृषभः सुसामा सामगोऽभवत् ॥३४॥
34. svayaṁ brahmatvamakarottasya satyavatīsutaḥ ,
dhanaṁjayānāmṛṣabhaḥ susāmā sāmago'bhavat.
34. svayam brahmatvam akarot tasya satyavatīsutaḥ
dhanaṃjayānām ṛṣabhaḥ susāmā sāmagah abhavat
34. The son of Satyavatī (Satyavatīsutaḥ) himself assumed the role of the chief priest (brahmatvam). Susāmā, the foremost (ṛṣabhaḥ) among those called Dhanañjaya, became the chanter of the Sāma Veda (sāmagah).
याज्ञवल्क्यो बभूवाथ ब्रह्मिष्ठोऽध्वर्युसत्तमः ।
पैलो होता वसोः पुत्रो धौम्येन सहितोऽभवत् ॥३५॥
35. yājñavalkyo babhūvātha brahmiṣṭho'dhvaryusattamaḥ ,
pailo hotā vasoḥ putro dhaumyena sahito'bhavat.
35. yājñavalkyaḥ babhūva atha brahmiṣṭhaḥ adhvaryusattamaḥ
pailaḥ hotā vasoḥ putraḥ dhaumyena sahitaḥ abhavat
35. Then Yājñavalkya became the most learned (brahmiṣṭhaḥ) and the chief among the Adhvaryu priests (adhvaryusattamaḥ). Paila, the son of Vasu, became the Hotā priest (hotā), accompanied by Dhaumya.
एतेषां शिष्यवर्गाश्च पुत्राश्च भरतर्षभ ।
बभूवुर्होत्रगाः सर्वे वेदवेदाङ्गपारगाः ॥३६॥
36. eteṣāṁ śiṣyavargāśca putrāśca bharatarṣabha ,
babhūvurhotragāḥ sarve vedavedāṅgapāragāḥ.
36. eteṣām śiṣyavargāḥ ca putrāḥ ca bharatarṣabha
babhūvuḥ hotragāḥ sarve vedavedāṅgapāragāḥ
36. O best of Bhāratas (Bharatārṣabha), all the groups of disciples (śiṣyavargāḥ) and sons (putrāḥ) of these priests became performers of sacrificial rites (hotragāḥ) and were experts in the Vedas and Vedāṅgas.
ते वाचयित्वा पुण्याहमीहयित्वा च तं विधिम् ।
शास्त्रोक्तं योजयामासुस्तद्देवयजनं महत् ॥३७॥
37. te vācayitvā puṇyāhamīhayitvā ca taṁ vidhim ,
śāstroktaṁ yojayāmāsustaddevayajanaṁ mahat.
37. te vācayitvā puṇyāham īhayitvā ca tam vidhim
śāstroktaṃ yojayāmāsuḥ tat devayajanam mahat
37. After they had the auspicious day proclaimed and that ritual, prescribed by the scriptures, performed, they then prepared that grand sacrificial ground for the gods.
तत्र चक्रुरनुज्ञाताः शरणान्युत शिल्पिनः ।
रत्नवन्ति विशालानि वेश्मानीव दिवौकसाम् ॥३८॥
38. tatra cakruranujñātāḥ śaraṇānyuta śilpinaḥ ,
ratnavanti viśālāni veśmānīva divaukasām.
38. tatra cakruḥ anujñātāḥ śaraṇāni uta śilpinaḥ
ratnavanti viśālāni veśmānī iva divaukasām
38. There, the artisans, having received permission, constructed shelters and also grand, jewel-studded mansions, resembling those of the celestials.
तत आज्ञापयामास स राजा राजसत्तमः ।
सहदेवं तदा सद्यो मन्त्रिणं कुरुसत्तमः ॥३९॥
39. tata ājñāpayāmāsa sa rājā rājasattamaḥ ,
sahadevaṁ tadā sadyo mantriṇaṁ kurusattamaḥ.
39. tataḥ ājñāpayāmāsa sa rājā rājasattamaḥ
sahadevam tadā sadyaḥ mantriṇam kurusattamaḥ
39. Then, that excellent king, the best among the Kurus, immediately commanded his minister Sahadeva.
आमन्त्रणार्थं दूतांस्त्वं प्रेषयस्वाशुगान्द्रुतम् ।
उपश्रुत्य वचो राज्ञः स दूतान्प्राहिणोत्तदा ॥४०॥
40. āmantraṇārthaṁ dūtāṁstvaṁ preṣayasvāśugāndrutam ,
upaśrutya vaco rājñaḥ sa dūtānprāhiṇottadā.
40. āmantraṇārtham dūtān tvam preṣayasva āśugān drutam
upaśrutya vacaḥ rājñaḥ sa dūtān prāhiṇot tadā
40. (The king said to Sahadeva:) "You send forth swift messengers quickly for the purpose of invitation." Having heard the king's command, he (Sahadeva) then dispatched the messengers.
आमन्त्रयध्वं राष्ट्रेषु ब्राह्मणान्भूमिपानपि ।
विशश्च मान्याञ्शूद्रांश्च सर्वानानयतेति च ॥४१॥
41. āmantrayadhvaṁ rāṣṭreṣu brāhmaṇānbhūmipānapi ,
viśaśca mānyāñśūdrāṁśca sarvānānayateti ca.
41. āmantrayadhvam rāṣṭreṣu brāhmaṇān bhūmipān api
viśaḥ ca mānyān śūdrān ca sarvān ānayata iti ca
41. Invite brahmins and kings from all the realms (rāṣṭra), and also the respectable Vaiśyas and Śūdras, saying, 'Bring all of them here.'
ते सर्वान्पृथिवीपालान्पाण्डवेयस्य शासनात् ।
आमन्त्रयां बभूवुश्च प्रेषयामास चापरान् ॥४२॥
42. te sarvānpṛthivīpālānpāṇḍaveyasya śāsanāt ,
āmantrayāṁ babhūvuśca preṣayāmāsa cāparān.
42. te sarvān pṛthivīpālān pāṇḍaveyasya śāsanāt
āmantrayām babhūvuḥ ca preṣayāmāsa ca aparān
42. According to the command of the son of Pāṇḍu (Pāṇḍaveya), they invited all the kings and also dispatched others (to convey the invitations).
ततस्ते तु यथाकालं कुन्तीपुत्रं युधिष्ठिरम् ।
दीक्षयां चक्रिरे विप्रा राजसूयाय भारत ॥४३॥
43. tataste tu yathākālaṁ kuntīputraṁ yudhiṣṭhiram ,
dīkṣayāṁ cakrire viprā rājasūyāya bhārata.
43. tataḥ te tu yathākālam kuntīputram yudhiṣṭhiram
dīkṣayām cakrire viprāḥ rājasūyāya bhārata
43. Then, O Bhārata, at the proper time, the brahmins initiated Yudhiṣṭhira, Kuntī's son, for the Rājasūya (yajña).
दीक्षितः स तु धर्मात्मा धर्मराजो युधिष्ठिरः ।
जगाम यज्ञायतनं वृतो विप्रैः सहस्रशः ॥४४॥
44. dīkṣitaḥ sa tu dharmātmā dharmarājo yudhiṣṭhiraḥ ,
jagāma yajñāyatanaṁ vṛto vipraiḥ sahasraśaḥ.
44. dīkṣitaḥ saḥ tu dharmātmā dharmarājaḥ yudhiṣṭhiraḥ
| jagāma yajñāyatanam vṛtaḥ vipraiḥ sahasraśaḥ
44. saḥ tu dīkṣitaḥ dharmātmā dharmarājaḥ yudhiṣṭhiraḥ
sahasraśaḥ vipraiḥ vṛtaḥ yajñāyatanam jagāma
44. That righteous (dharmātman) Yudhishthira, the king of natural law (dharmarāja), having been consecrated (for the ritual), went to the ritual-house (yajñāyatana), surrounded by thousands of Brahmins.
भ्रातृभिर्ज्ञातिभिश्चैव सुहृद्भिः सचिवैस्तथा ।
क्षत्रियैश्च मनुष्येन्द्र नानादेशसमागतैः ।
अमात्यैश्च नृपश्रेष्ठो धर्मो विग्रहवानिव ॥४५॥
45. bhrātṛbhirjñātibhiścaiva suhṛdbhiḥ sacivaistathā ,
kṣatriyaiśca manuṣyendra nānādeśasamāgataiḥ ,
amātyaiśca nṛpaśreṣṭho dharmo vigrahavāniva.
45. bhrātṛbhiḥ jñātibhiḥ ca eva suhṛdbhiḥ
sacivaiḥ tathā kṣatriyaiḥ ca
manuṣyendra nānādeśasamāgataiḥ amātyaiḥ ca
nṛpaśreṣṭhaḥ dharmaḥ vigrahavān iva
45. O king among men, the best of kings, who was like embodied natural law (dharma), was attended by brothers, relatives, friends, and ministers; and also by warriors (kṣatriyas) who had assembled from various countries, as well as by other ministers.
आजग्मुर्ब्राह्मणास्तत्र विषयेभ्यस्ततस्ततः ।
सर्वविद्यासु निष्णाता वेदवेदाङ्गपारगाः ॥४६॥
46. ājagmurbrāhmaṇāstatra viṣayebhyastatastataḥ ,
sarvavidyāsu niṣṇātā vedavedāṅgapāragāḥ.
46. ājagmuḥ brāhmaṇāḥ tatra viṣayebhyaḥ tataḥ
tataḥ sarvavidyāsu niṣṇātāḥ vedavedāṅgapāragāḥ
46. Brahmins (brāhmaṇa) arrived there from various regions, proficient in all sciences and masters of the Vedas (veda) and Vedangas (vedāṅga).
तेषामावसथांश्चक्रुर्धर्मराजस्य शासनात् ।
बह्वन्नाञ्शयनैर्युक्तान्सगणानां पृथक्पृथक् ।
सर्वर्तुगुणसंपन्नाञ्शिल्पिनोऽथ सहस्रशः ॥४७॥
47. teṣāmāvasathāṁścakrurdharmarājasya śāsanāt ,
bahvannāñśayanairyuktānsagaṇānāṁ pṛthakpṛthak ,
sarvartuguṇasaṁpannāñśilpino'tha sahasraśaḥ.
47. teṣām āvasathān cakruḥ dharmarājasya
śāsanāt bahvannān śayanaiḥ yuktān
saganānām pṛthak pṛthak
sarvartuguṇasaṃpannān śilpinaḥ atha sahasraśaḥ
47. By the command of Dharmaraja (dharma-rāja), they prepared separate dwellings for those (Brahmins) with their retinues, dwellings which were abundant with food, equipped with beds, and provided with comforts suitable for all seasons. Then, thousands of craftsmen (śilpin) also arrived.
तेषु ते न्यवसन्राजन्ब्राह्मणा भृशसत्कृताः ।
कथयन्तः कथा बह्वीः पश्यन्तो नटनर्तकान् ॥४८॥
48. teṣu te nyavasanrājanbrāhmaṇā bhṛśasatkṛtāḥ ,
kathayantaḥ kathā bahvīḥ paśyanto naṭanartakān.
48. teṣu te nyavasan rājan brāhmaṇāḥ bhṛśasatkṛtāḥ
kathayantaḥ kathāḥ bahvīḥ paśyantaḥ naṭanartakān
48. O king, those greatly honored Brahmins (brāhmaṇa) resided in those (dwellings), narrating many stories and watching actors and dancers.
भुञ्जतां चैव विप्राणां वदतां च महास्वनः ।
अनिशं श्रूयते स्मात्र मुदितानां महात्मनाम् ॥४९॥
49. bhuñjatāṁ caiva viprāṇāṁ vadatāṁ ca mahāsvanaḥ ,
aniśaṁ śrūyate smātra muditānāṁ mahātmanām.
49. bhuñjatām ca eva viprāṇām vadatām ca mahāsvanaḥ
aniśam śrūyate sma atra muditānām mahātmanām
49. Here, a great and unceasing sound was heard from the joyful brahmins (viprāḥ) and other great-souled individuals (mahātmas) as they ate and conversed.
दीयतां दीयतामेषां भुज्यतां भुज्यतामिति ।
एवंप्रकाराः संजल्पाः श्रूयन्ते स्मात्र नित्यशः ॥५०॥
50. dīyatāṁ dīyatāmeṣāṁ bhujyatāṁ bhujyatāmiti ,
evaṁprakārāḥ saṁjalpāḥ śrūyante smātra nityaśaḥ.
50. dīyatām dīyatām eṣām bhujyatām bhujyatām iti
evaṃprakārāḥ saṃjalpāḥ śrūyante sma atra nityaśaḥ
50. "Let it be given! Let it be given to them! Let it be eaten! Let it be eaten!" - such exclamations were constantly heard here.
गवां शतसहस्राणि शयनानां च भारत ।
रुक्मस्य योषितां चैव धर्मराजः पृथग्ददौ ॥५१॥
51. gavāṁ śatasahasrāṇi śayanānāṁ ca bhārata ,
rukmasya yoṣitāṁ caiva dharmarājaḥ pṛthagdadau.
51. gavām śatasahasrāṇi śayanānām ca bhārata
rukmasya yoṣitām ca eva dharmarājaḥ pṛthak dadau
51. O Bhārata, the King of (dharma) [Yudhiṣṭhira] gave away hundreds of thousands of cows, beds, gold, and women, each separately.
प्रावर्ततैवं यज्ञः स पाण्डवस्य महात्मनः ।
पृथिव्यामेकवीरस्य शक्रस्येव त्रिविष्टपे ॥५२॥
52. prāvartataivaṁ yajñaḥ sa pāṇḍavasya mahātmanaḥ ,
pṛthivyāmekavīrasya śakrasyeva triviṣṭape.
52. prāvartata evam yajñaḥ sa pāṇḍavasya mahātmanaḥ
pṛthivyām ekavīrasya śakrasya iva triviṣṭape
52. Thus, that great Vedic ritual (yajña) of the great-souled Pāṇḍava [Yudhiṣṭhira], the unique hero on earth, took place just as Indra's does in heaven.
ततो युधिष्ठिरो राजा प्रेषयामास पाण्डवम् ।
नकुलं हास्तिनपुरं भीष्माय भरतर्षभ ॥५३॥
53. tato yudhiṣṭhiro rājā preṣayāmāsa pāṇḍavam ,
nakulaṁ hāstinapuraṁ bhīṣmāya bharatarṣabha.
53. tataḥ yudhiṣṭhiraḥ rājā preṣayāmāsa pāṇḍavam
nakulam hāstinapuram bhīṣmāya bharatarṣabha
53. O best of Bharatas, King Yudhiṣṭhira then sent Nakula, the Pāṇḍava, to Hastināpura for Bhīṣma.
द्रोणाय धृतराष्ट्राय विदुराय कृपाय च ।
भ्रातॄणां चैव सर्वेषां येऽनुरक्ता युधिष्ठिरे ॥५४॥
54. droṇāya dhṛtarāṣṭrāya vidurāya kṛpāya ca ,
bhrātṝṇāṁ caiva sarveṣāṁ ye'nuraktā yudhiṣṭhire.
54. droṇāya dhṛtarāṣṭrāya vidurāya kṛpāya ca
bhrātṝṇām ca eva sarveṣām ye anuraktā yudhiṣṭhire
54. (He also sent Nakula) to Droṇa, Dhṛtarāṣṭra, Vidura, and Kṛpa; and indeed, to all those brothers who were devoted to Yudhiṣṭhira.

Links to all chapters:

ādi parva

Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Chapter 9 Chapter 10 Chapter 11 Chapter 12 Chapter 13 Chapter 14 Chapter 15 Chapter 16 Chapter 17 Chapter 18 Chapter 19 Chapter 20 Chapter 21 Chapter 22 Chapter 23 Chapter 24 Chapter 25 Chapter 26 Chapter 27 Chapter 28 Chapter 29 Chapter 30 Chapter 31 Chapter 32 Chapter 33 Chapter 34 Chapter 35 Chapter 36 Chapter 37 Chapter 38 Chapter 39 Chapter 40 Chapter 41 Chapter 42 Chapter 43 Chapter 44 Chapter 45 Chapter 46 Chapter 47 Chapter 48 Chapter 49 Chapter 50 Chapter 51 Chapter 52 Chapter 53 Chapter 54 Chapter 55 Chapter 56 Chapter 57 Chapter 58 Chapter 59 Chapter 60 Chapter 61 Chapter 62 Chapter 63 Chapter 64 Chapter 65 Chapter 66 Chapter 67 Chapter 68 Chapter 69 Chapter 70 Chapter 71 Chapter 72 Chapter 73 Chapter 74 Chapter 75 Chapter 76 Chapter 77 Chapter 78 Chapter 79 Chapter 80 Chapter 81 Chapter 82 Chapter 83 Chapter 84 Chapter 85 Chapter 86 Chapter 87 Chapter 88 Chapter 89 Chapter 90 Chapter 91 Chapter 92 Chapter 93 Chapter 94 Chapter 95 Chapter 96 Chapter 97 Chapter 98 Chapter 99 Chapter 100 Chapter 101 Chapter 102 Chapter 103 Chapter 104 Chapter 105 Chapter 106 Chapter 107 Chapter 108 Chapter 109 Chapter 110 Chapter 111 Chapter 112 Chapter 113 Chapter 114 Chapter 115 Chapter 116 Chapter 117 Chapter 118 Chapter 119 Chapter 120 Chapter 121 Chapter 122 Chapter 123 Chapter 124 Chapter 125 Chapter 126 Chapter 127 Chapter 128 Chapter 129 Chapter 130 Chapter 131 Chapter 132 Chapter 133 Chapter 134 Chapter 135 Chapter 136 Chapter 137 Chapter 138 Chapter 139 Chapter 140 Chapter 141 Chapter 142 Chapter 143 Chapter 144 Chapter 145 Chapter 146 Chapter 147 Chapter 148 Chapter 149 Chapter 150 Chapter 151 Chapter 152 Chapter 153 Chapter 154 Chapter 155 Chapter 156 Chapter 157 Chapter 158 Chapter 159 Chapter 160 Chapter 161 Chapter 162 Chapter 163 Chapter 164 Chapter 165 Chapter 166 Chapter 167 Chapter 168 Chapter 169 Chapter 170 Chapter 171 Chapter 172 Chapter 173 Chapter 174 Chapter 175 Chapter 176 Chapter 177 Chapter 178 Chapter 179 Chapter 180 Chapter 181 Chapter 182 Chapter 183 Chapter 184 Chapter 185 Chapter 186 Chapter 187 Chapter 188 Chapter 189 Chapter 190 Chapter 191 Chapter 192 Chapter 193 Chapter 194 Chapter 195 Chapter 196 Chapter 197 Chapter 198 Chapter 199 Chapter 200 Chapter 201 Chapter 202 Chapter 203 Chapter 204 Chapter 205 Chapter 206 Chapter 207 Chapter 208 Chapter 209 Chapter 210 Chapter 211 Chapter 212 Chapter 213 Chapter 214 Chapter 215 Chapter 216 Chapter 217 Chapter 218 Chapter 219 Chapter 220 Chapter 221 Chapter 222 Chapter 223 Chapter 224 Chapter 225

sabhā parva (current book)

Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Chapter 9 Chapter 10 Chapter 11 Chapter 12 Chapter 13 Chapter 14 Chapter 15 Chapter 16 Chapter 17 Chapter 18 Chapter 19 Chapter 20 Chapter 21 Chapter 22 Chapter 23 Chapter 24 Chapter 25 Chapter 26 Chapter 27 Chapter 28 Chapter 29 Chapter 30 (current chapter) Chapter 31 Chapter 32 Chapter 33 Chapter 34 Chapter 35 Chapter 36 Chapter 37 Chapter 38 Chapter 39 Chapter 40 Chapter 41 Chapter 42 Chapter 43 Chapter 44 Chapter 45 Chapter 46 Chapter 47 Chapter 48 Chapter 49 Chapter 50 Chapter 51 Chapter 52 Chapter 53 Chapter 54 Chapter 55 Chapter 56 Chapter 57 Chapter 58 Chapter 59 Chapter 60 Chapter 61 Chapter 62 Chapter 63 Chapter 64 Chapter 65 Chapter 66 Chapter 67 Chapter 68 Chapter 69 Chapter 70 Chapter 71 Chapter 72

vana parva

Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Chapter 9 Chapter 10 Chapter 11 Chapter 12 Chapter 13 Chapter 14 Chapter 15 Chapter 16 Chapter 17 Chapter 18 Chapter 19 Chapter 20 Chapter 21 Chapter 22 Chapter 23 Chapter 24 Chapter 25 Chapter 26 Chapter 27 Chapter 28 Chapter 29 Chapter 30 Chapter 31 Chapter 32 Chapter 33 Chapter 34 Chapter 35 Chapter 36 Chapter 37 Chapter 38 Chapter 39 Chapter 40 Chapter 41 Chapter 42 Chapter 43 Chapter 44 Chapter 45 Chapter 46 Chapter 47 Chapter 48 Chapter 49 Chapter 50 Chapter 51 Chapter 52 Chapter 53 Chapter 54 Chapter 55 Chapter 56 Chapter 57 Chapter 58 Chapter 59 Chapter 60 Chapter 61 Chapter 62 Chapter 63 Chapter 64 Chapter 65 Chapter 66 Chapter 67 Chapter 68 Chapter 69 Chapter 70 Chapter 71 Chapter 72 Chapter 73 Chapter 74 Chapter 75 Chapter 76 Chapter 77 Chapter 78 Chapter 79 Chapter 80 Chapter 81 Chapter 82 Chapter 83 Chapter 84 Chapter 85 Chapter 86 Chapter 87 Chapter 88 Chapter 89 Chapter 90 Chapter 91 Chapter 92 Chapter 93 Chapter 94 Chapter 95 Chapter 96 Chapter 97 Chapter 98 Chapter 99 Chapter 100 Chapter 101 Chapter 102 Chapter 103 Chapter 104 Chapter 105 Chapter 106 Chapter 107 Chapter 108 Chapter 109 Chapter 110 Chapter 111 Chapter 112 Chapter 113 Chapter 114 Chapter 115 Chapter 116 Chapter 117 Chapter 118 Chapter 119 Chapter 120 Chapter 121 Chapter 122 Chapter 123 Chapter 124 Chapter 125 Chapter 126 Chapter 127 Chapter 128 Chapter 129 Chapter 130 Chapter 131 Chapter 132 Chapter 133 Chapter 134 Chapter 135 Chapter 136 Chapter 137 Chapter 138 Chapter 139 Chapter 140 Chapter 141 Chapter 142 Chapter 143 Chapter 144 Chapter 145 Chapter 146 Chapter 147 Chapter 148 Chapter 149 Chapter 150 Chapter 151 Chapter 152 Chapter 153 Chapter 154 Chapter 155 Chapter 156 Chapter 157 Chapter 158 Chapter 159 Chapter 160 Chapter 161 Chapter 162 Chapter 163 Chapter 164 Chapter 165 Chapter 166 Chapter 167 Chapter 168 Chapter 169 Chapter 170 Chapter 171 Chapter 172 Chapter 173 Chapter 174 Chapter 175 Chapter 176 Chapter 177 Chapter 178 Chapter 179 Chapter 180 Chapter 181 Chapter 182 Chapter 183 Chapter 184 Chapter 185 Chapter 186 Chapter 187 Chapter 188 Chapter 189 Chapter 190 Chapter 191 Chapter 192 Chapter 193 Chapter 194 Chapter 195 Chapter 196 Chapter 197 Chapter 198 Chapter 199 Chapter 200 Chapter 201 Chapter 202 Chapter 203 Chapter 204 Chapter 205 Chapter 206 Chapter 207 Chapter 208 Chapter 209 Chapter 210 Chapter 211 Chapter 212 Chapter 213 Chapter 214 Chapter 215 Chapter 216 Chapter 217 Chapter 218 Chapter 219 Chapter 220 Chapter 221 Chapter 222 Chapter 223 Chapter 224 Chapter 225 Chapter 226 Chapter 227 Chapter 228 Chapter 229 Chapter 230 Chapter 231 Chapter 232 Chapter 233 Chapter 234 Chapter 235 Chapter 236 Chapter 237 Chapter 238 Chapter 239 Chapter 240 Chapter 241 Chapter 242 Chapter 243 Chapter 244 Chapter 245 Chapter 246 Chapter 247 Chapter 248 Chapter 249 Chapter 250 Chapter 251 Chapter 252 Chapter 253 Chapter 254 Chapter 255 Chapter 256 Chapter 257 Chapter 258 Chapter 259 Chapter 260 Chapter 261 Chapter 262 Chapter 263 Chapter 264 Chapter 265 Chapter 266 Chapter 267 Chapter 268 Chapter 269 Chapter 270 Chapter 271 Chapter 272 Chapter 273 Chapter 274 Chapter 275 Chapter 276 Chapter 277 Chapter 278 Chapter 279 Chapter 280 Chapter 281 Chapter 282 Chapter 283 Chapter 284 Chapter 285 Chapter 286 Chapter 287 Chapter 288 Chapter 289 Chapter 290 Chapter 291 Chapter 292 Chapter 293 Chapter 294 Chapter 295 Chapter 296 Chapter 297 Chapter 298 Chapter 299

virāṭa parva

Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Chapter 9 Chapter 10 Chapter 11 Chapter 12 Chapter 13 Chapter 14 Chapter 15 Chapter 16 Chapter 17 Chapter 18 Chapter 19 Chapter 20 Chapter 21 Chapter 22 Chapter 23 Chapter 24 Chapter 25 Chapter 26 Chapter 27 Chapter 28 Chapter 29 Chapter 30 Chapter 31 Chapter 32 Chapter 33 Chapter 34 Chapter 35 Chapter 36 Chapter 37 Chapter 38 Chapter 39 Chapter 40 Chapter 41 Chapter 42 Chapter 43 Chapter 44 Chapter 45 Chapter 46 Chapter 47 Chapter 48 Chapter 49 Chapter 50 Chapter 51 Chapter 52 Chapter 53 Chapter 54 Chapter 55 Chapter 56 Chapter 57 Chapter 58 Chapter 59 Chapter 60 Chapter 61 Chapter 62 Chapter 63 Chapter 64 Chapter 65 Chapter 66 Chapter 67

udyoga parva

Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Chapter 9 Chapter 10 Chapter 11 Chapter 12 Chapter 13 Chapter 14 Chapter 15 Chapter 16 Chapter 17 Chapter 18 Chapter 19 Chapter 20 Chapter 21 Chapter 22 Chapter 23 Chapter 24 Chapter 25 Chapter 26 Chapter 27 Chapter 28 Chapter 29 Chapter 30 Chapter 31 Chapter 32 Chapter 33 Chapter 34 Chapter 35 Chapter 36 Chapter 37 Chapter 38 Chapter 39 Chapter 40 Chapter 41 Chapter 42 Chapter 43 Chapter 44 Chapter 45 Chapter 46 Chapter 47 Chapter 48 Chapter 49 Chapter 50 Chapter 51 Chapter 52 Chapter 53 Chapter 54 Chapter 55 Chapter 56 Chapter 57 Chapter 58 Chapter 59 Chapter 60 Chapter 61 Chapter 62 Chapter 63 Chapter 64 Chapter 65 Chapter 66 Chapter 67 Chapter 68 Chapter 69 Chapter 70 Chapter 71 Chapter 72 Chapter 73 Chapter 74 Chapter 75 Chapter 76 Chapter 77 Chapter 78 Chapter 79 Chapter 80 Chapter 81 Chapter 82 Chapter 83 Chapter 84 Chapter 85 Chapter 86 Chapter 87 Chapter 88 Chapter 89 Chapter 90 Chapter 91 Chapter 92 Chapter 93 Chapter 94 Chapter 95 Chapter 96 Chapter 97 Chapter 98 Chapter 99 Chapter 100 Chapter 101 Chapter 102 Chapter 103 Chapter 104 Chapter 105 Chapter 106 Chapter 107 Chapter 108 Chapter 109 Chapter 110 Chapter 111 Chapter 112 Chapter 113 Chapter 114 Chapter 115 Chapter 116 Chapter 117 Chapter 118 Chapter 119 Chapter 120 Chapter 121 Chapter 122 Chapter 123 Chapter 124 Chapter 125 Chapter 126 Chapter 127 Chapter 128 Chapter 129 Chapter 130 Chapter 131 Chapter 132 Chapter 133 Chapter 134 Chapter 135 Chapter 136 Chapter 137 Chapter 138 Chapter 139 Chapter 140 Chapter 141 Chapter 142 Chapter 143 Chapter 144 Chapter 145 Chapter 146 Chapter 147 Chapter 148 Chapter 149 Chapter 150 Chapter 151 Chapter 152 Chapter 153 Chapter 154 Chapter 155 Chapter 156 Chapter 157 Chapter 158 Chapter 159 Chapter 160 Chapter 161 Chapter 162 Chapter 163 Chapter 164 Chapter 165 Chapter 166 Chapter 167 Chapter 168 Chapter 169 Chapter 170 Chapter 171 Chapter 172 Chapter 173 Chapter 174 Chapter 175 Chapter 176 Chapter 177 Chapter 178 Chapter 179 Chapter 180 Chapter 181 Chapter 182 Chapter 183 Chapter 184 Chapter 185 Chapter 186 Chapter 187 Chapter 188 Chapter 189 Chapter 190 Chapter 191 Chapter 192 Chapter 193 Chapter 194 Chapter 195 Chapter 196 Chapter 197

bhīṣma parva

Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Chapter 9 Chapter 10 Chapter 11 Chapter 12 Chapter 13 Chapter 14 Chapter 15 Chapter 16 Chapter 17 Chapter 18 Chapter 19 Chapter 20 Chapter 21 Chapter 22 Chapter 23 Chapter 24 Chapter 25 Chapter 26 Chapter 27 Chapter 28 Chapter 29 Chapter 30 Chapter 31 Chapter 32 Chapter 33 Chapter 34 Chapter 35 Chapter 36 Chapter 37 Chapter 38 Chapter 39 Chapter 40 Chapter 41 Chapter 42 Chapter 43 Chapter 44 Chapter 45 Chapter 46 Chapter 47 Chapter 48 Chapter 49 Chapter 50 Chapter 51 Chapter 52 Chapter 53 Chapter 54 Chapter 55 Chapter 56 Chapter 57 Chapter 58 Chapter 59 Chapter 60 Chapter 61 Chapter 62 Chapter 63 Chapter 64 Chapter 65 Chapter 66 Chapter 67 Chapter 68 Chapter 69 Chapter 70 Chapter 71 Chapter 72 Chapter 73 Chapter 74 Chapter 75 Chapter 76 Chapter 77 Chapter 78 Chapter 79 Chapter 80 Chapter 81 Chapter 82 Chapter 83 Chapter 84 Chapter 85 Chapter 86 Chapter 87 Chapter 88 Chapter 89 Chapter 90 Chapter 91 Chapter 92 Chapter 93 Chapter 94 Chapter 95 Chapter 96 Chapter 97 Chapter 98 Chapter 99 Chapter 100 Chapter 101 Chapter 102 Chapter 103 Chapter 104 Chapter 105 Chapter 106 Chapter 107 Chapter 108 Chapter 109 Chapter 110 Chapter 111 Chapter 112 Chapter 113 Chapter 114 Chapter 115 Chapter 116 Chapter 117

droṇa parva

Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Chapter 9 Chapter 10 Chapter 11 Chapter 12 Chapter 13 Chapter 14 Chapter 15 Chapter 16 Chapter 17 Chapter 18 Chapter 19 Chapter 20 Chapter 21 Chapter 22 Chapter 23 Chapter 24 Chapter 25 Chapter 26 Chapter 27 Chapter 28 Chapter 29 Chapter 30 Chapter 31 Chapter 32 Chapter 33 Chapter 34 Chapter 35 Chapter 36 Chapter 37 Chapter 38 Chapter 39 Chapter 40 Chapter 41 Chapter 42 Chapter 43 Chapter 44 Chapter 45 Chapter 46 Chapter 47 Chapter 48 Chapter 49 Chapter 50 Chapter 51 Chapter 52 Chapter 53 Chapter 54 Chapter 55 Chapter 56 Chapter 57 Chapter 58 Chapter 59 Chapter 60 Chapter 61 Chapter 62 Chapter 63 Chapter 64 Chapter 65 Chapter 66 Chapter 67 Chapter 68 Chapter 69 Chapter 70 Chapter 71 Chapter 72 Chapter 73 Chapter 74 Chapter 75 Chapter 76 Chapter 77 Chapter 78 Chapter 79 Chapter 80 Chapter 81 Chapter 82 Chapter 83 Chapter 84 Chapter 85 Chapter 86 Chapter 87 Chapter 88 Chapter 89 Chapter 90 Chapter 91 Chapter 92 Chapter 93 Chapter 94 Chapter 95 Chapter 96 Chapter 97 Chapter 98 Chapter 99 Chapter 100 Chapter 101 Chapter 102 Chapter 103 Chapter 104 Chapter 105 Chapter 106 Chapter 107 Chapter 108 Chapter 109 Chapter 110 Chapter 111 Chapter 112 Chapter 113 Chapter 114 Chapter 115 Chapter 116 Chapter 117 Chapter 118 Chapter 119 Chapter 120 Chapter 121 Chapter 122 Chapter 123 Chapter 124 Chapter 125 Chapter 126 Chapter 127 Chapter 128 Chapter 129 Chapter 130 Chapter 131 Chapter 132 Chapter 133 Chapter 134 Chapter 135 Chapter 136 Chapter 137 Chapter 138 Chapter 139 Chapter 140 Chapter 141 Chapter 142 Chapter 143 Chapter 144 Chapter 145 Chapter 146 Chapter 147 Chapter 148 Chapter 149 Chapter 150 Chapter 151 Chapter 152 Chapter 153 Chapter 154 Chapter 155 Chapter 156 Chapter 157 Chapter 158 Chapter 159 Chapter 160 Chapter 161 Chapter 162 Chapter 163 Chapter 164 Chapter 165 Chapter 166 Chapter 167 Chapter 168 Chapter 169 Chapter 170 Chapter 171 Chapter 172 Chapter 173

karṇa parva

Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Chapter 9 Chapter 10 Chapter 11 Chapter 12 Chapter 13 Chapter 14 Chapter 15 Chapter 16 Chapter 17 Chapter 18 Chapter 19 Chapter 20 Chapter 21 Chapter 22 Chapter 23 Chapter 24 Chapter 25 Chapter 26 Chapter 27 Chapter 28 Chapter 29 Chapter 30 Chapter 31 Chapter 32 Chapter 33 Chapter 34 Chapter 35 Chapter 36 Chapter 37 Chapter 38 Chapter 39 Chapter 40 Chapter 41 Chapter 42 Chapter 43 Chapter 44 Chapter 45 Chapter 46 Chapter 47 Chapter 48 Chapter 49 Chapter 50 Chapter 51 Chapter 52 Chapter 53 Chapter 54 Chapter 55 Chapter 56 Chapter 57 Chapter 58 Chapter 59 Chapter 60 Chapter 61 Chapter 62 Chapter 63 Chapter 64 Chapter 65 Chapter 66 Chapter 67 Chapter 68 Chapter 69

śalya parva

Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Chapter 9 Chapter 10 Chapter 11 Chapter 12 Chapter 13 Chapter 14 Chapter 15 Chapter 16 Chapter 17 Chapter 18 Chapter 19 Chapter 20 Chapter 21 Chapter 22 Chapter 23 Chapter 24 Chapter 25 Chapter 26 Chapter 27 Chapter 28 Chapter 29 Chapter 30 Chapter 31 Chapter 32 Chapter 33 Chapter 34 Chapter 35 Chapter 36 Chapter 37 Chapter 38 Chapter 39 Chapter 40 Chapter 41 Chapter 42 Chapter 43 Chapter 44 Chapter 45 Chapter 46 Chapter 47 Chapter 48 Chapter 49 Chapter 50 Chapter 51 Chapter 52 Chapter 53 Chapter 54 Chapter 55 Chapter 56 Chapter 57 Chapter 58 Chapter 59 Chapter 60 Chapter 61 Chapter 62 Chapter 63 Chapter 64

sauptika parva

Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Chapter 9 Chapter 10 Chapter 11 Chapter 12 Chapter 13 Chapter 14 Chapter 15 Chapter 16 Chapter 17 Chapter 18

strī parva

Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Chapter 9 Chapter 10 Chapter 11 Chapter 12 Chapter 13 Chapter 14 Chapter 15 Chapter 16 Chapter 17 Chapter 18 Chapter 19 Chapter 20 Chapter 21 Chapter 22 Chapter 23 Chapter 24 Chapter 25 Chapter 26 Chapter 27

śānti parva

Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Chapter 9 Chapter 10 Chapter 11 Chapter 12 Chapter 13 Chapter 14 Chapter 15 Chapter 16 Chapter 17 Chapter 18 Chapter 19 Chapter 20 Chapter 21 Chapter 22 Chapter 23 Chapter 24 Chapter 25 Chapter 26 Chapter 27 Chapter 28 Chapter 29 Chapter 30 Chapter 31 Chapter 32 Chapter 33 Chapter 34 Chapter 35 Chapter 36 Chapter 37 Chapter 38 Chapter 39 Chapter 40 Chapter 41 Chapter 42 Chapter 43 Chapter 44 Chapter 45 Chapter 46 Chapter 47 Chapter 48 Chapter 49 Chapter 50 Chapter 51 Chapter 52 Chapter 53 Chapter 54 Chapter 55 Chapter 56 Chapter 57 Chapter 58 Chapter 59 Chapter 60 Chapter 61 Chapter 62 Chapter 63 Chapter 64 Chapter 65 Chapter 66 Chapter 67 Chapter 68 Chapter 69 Chapter 70 Chapter 71 Chapter 72 Chapter 73 Chapter 74 Chapter 75 Chapter 76 Chapter 77 Chapter 78 Chapter 79 Chapter 80 Chapter 81 Chapter 82 Chapter 83 Chapter 84 Chapter 85 Chapter 86 Chapter 87 Chapter 88 Chapter 89 Chapter 90 Chapter 91 Chapter 92 Chapter 93 Chapter 94 Chapter 95 Chapter 96 Chapter 97 Chapter 98 Chapter 99 Chapter 100 Chapter 101 Chapter 102 Chapter 103 Chapter 104 Chapter 105 Chapter 106 Chapter 107 Chapter 108 Chapter 109 Chapter 110 Chapter 111 Chapter 112 Chapter 113 Chapter 114 Chapter 115 Chapter 116 Chapter 117 Chapter 118 Chapter 119 Chapter 120 Chapter 121 Chapter 122 Chapter 123 Chapter 124 Chapter 125 Chapter 126 Chapter 127 Chapter 128 Chapter 129 Chapter 130 Chapter 131 Chapter 132 Chapter 133 Chapter 134 Chapter 135 Chapter 136 Chapter 137 Chapter 138 Chapter 139 Chapter 140 Chapter 141 Chapter 142 Chapter 143 Chapter 144 Chapter 145 Chapter 146 Chapter 147 Chapter 148 Chapter 149 Chapter 150 Chapter 151 Chapter 152 Chapter 153 Chapter 154 Chapter 155 Chapter 156 Chapter 157 Chapter 158 Chapter 159 Chapter 160 Chapter 161 Chapter 162 Chapter 163 Chapter 164 Chapter 165 Chapter 166 Chapter 167 Chapter 168 Chapter 169 Chapter 170 Chapter 171 Chapter 172 Chapter 173 Chapter 174 Chapter 175 Chapter 176 Chapter 177 Chapter 178 Chapter 179 Chapter 180 Chapter 181 Chapter 182 Chapter 183 Chapter 184 Chapter 185 Chapter 186 Chapter 187 Chapter 188 Chapter 189 Chapter 190 Chapter 191 Chapter 192 Chapter 193 Chapter 194 Chapter 195 Chapter 196 Chapter 197 Chapter 198 Chapter 199 Chapter 200 Chapter 201 Chapter 202 Chapter 203 Chapter 204 Chapter 205 Chapter 206 Chapter 207 Chapter 208 Chapter 209 Chapter 210 Chapter 211 Chapter 212 Chapter 213 Chapter 214 Chapter 215 Chapter 216 Chapter 217 Chapter 218 Chapter 219 Chapter 220 Chapter 221 Chapter 222 Chapter 223 Chapter 224 Chapter 225 Chapter 226 Chapter 227 Chapter 228 Chapter 229 Chapter 230 Chapter 231 Chapter 232 Chapter 233 Chapter 234 Chapter 235 Chapter 236 Chapter 237 Chapter 238 Chapter 239 Chapter 240 Chapter 241 Chapter 242 Chapter 243 Chapter 244 Chapter 245 Chapter 246 Chapter 247 Chapter 248 Chapter 249 Chapter 250 Chapter 251 Chapter 252 Chapter 253 Chapter 254 Chapter 255 Chapter 256 Chapter 257 Chapter 258 Chapter 259 Chapter 260 Chapter 261 Chapter 262 Chapter 263 Chapter 264 Chapter 265 Chapter 266 Chapter 267 Chapter 268 Chapter 269 Chapter 270 Chapter 271 Chapter 272 Chapter 273 Chapter 274 Chapter 275 Chapter 276 Chapter 277 Chapter 278 Chapter 279 Chapter 280 Chapter 281 Chapter 282 Chapter 283 Chapter 284 Chapter 285 Chapter 286 Chapter 287 Chapter 288 Chapter 289 Chapter 290 Chapter 291 Chapter 292 Chapter 293 Chapter 294 Chapter 295 Chapter 296 Chapter 297 Chapter 298 Chapter 299 Chapter 300 Chapter 301 Chapter 302 Chapter 303 Chapter 304 Chapter 305 Chapter 306 Chapter 307 Chapter 308 Chapter 309 Chapter 310 Chapter 311 Chapter 312 Chapter 313 Chapter 314 Chapter 315 Chapter 316 Chapter 317 Chapter 318 Chapter 319 Chapter 320 Chapter 321 Chapter 322 Chapter 323 Chapter 324 Chapter 325 Chapter 326 Chapter 327 Chapter 328 Chapter 329 Chapter 330 Chapter 331 Chapter 332 Chapter 333 Chapter 334 Chapter 335 Chapter 336 Chapter 337 Chapter 338 Chapter 339 Chapter 340 Chapter 341 Chapter 342 Chapter 343 Chapter 344 Chapter 345 Chapter 346 Chapter 347 Chapter 348 Chapter 349 Chapter 350 Chapter 351 Chapter 352 Chapter 353

anuśāsana parva

Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Chapter 9 Chapter 10 Chapter 11 Chapter 12 Chapter 13 Chapter 14 Chapter 15 Chapter 16 Chapter 17 Chapter 18 Chapter 19 Chapter 20 Chapter 21 Chapter 22 Chapter 23 Chapter 24 Chapter 25 Chapter 26 Chapter 27 Chapter 28 Chapter 29 Chapter 30 Chapter 31 Chapter 32 Chapter 33 Chapter 34 Chapter 35 Chapter 36 Chapter 37 Chapter 38 Chapter 39 Chapter 40 Chapter 41 Chapter 42 Chapter 43 Chapter 44 Chapter 45 Chapter 46 Chapter 47 Chapter 48 Chapter 49 Chapter 50 Chapter 51 Chapter 52 Chapter 53 Chapter 54 Chapter 55 Chapter 56 Chapter 57 Chapter 58 Chapter 59 Chapter 60 Chapter 61 Chapter 62 Chapter 63 Chapter 64 Chapter 65 Chapter 66 Chapter 67 Chapter 68 Chapter 69 Chapter 70 Chapter 71 Chapter 72 Chapter 73 Chapter 74 Chapter 75 Chapter 76 Chapter 77 Chapter 78 Chapter 79 Chapter 80 Chapter 81 Chapter 82 Chapter 83 Chapter 84 Chapter 85 Chapter 86 Chapter 87 Chapter 88 Chapter 89 Chapter 90 Chapter 91 Chapter 92 Chapter 93 Chapter 94 Chapter 95 Chapter 96 Chapter 97 Chapter 98 Chapter 99 Chapter 100 Chapter 101 Chapter 102 Chapter 103 Chapter 104 Chapter 105 Chapter 106 Chapter 107 Chapter 108 Chapter 109 Chapter 110 Chapter 111 Chapter 112 Chapter 113 Chapter 114 Chapter 115 Chapter 116 Chapter 117 Chapter 118 Chapter 119 Chapter 120 Chapter 121 Chapter 122 Chapter 123 Chapter 124 Chapter 125 Chapter 126 Chapter 127 Chapter 128 Chapter 129 Chapter 130 Chapter 131 Chapter 132 Chapter 133 Chapter 134 Chapter 135 Chapter 136 Chapter 137 Chapter 138 Chapter 139 Chapter 140 Chapter 141 Chapter 142 Chapter 143 Chapter 144 Chapter 145 Chapter 146 Chapter 147 Chapter 148 Chapter 149 Chapter 150 Chapter 151 Chapter 152 Chapter 153 Chapter 154

aśvamedhika parva

Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Chapter 9 Chapter 10 Chapter 11 Chapter 12 Chapter 13 Chapter 14 Chapter 15 Chapter 16 Chapter 17 Chapter 18 Chapter 19 Chapter 20 Chapter 21 Chapter 22 Chapter 23 Chapter 24 Chapter 25 Chapter 26 Chapter 27 Chapter 28 Chapter 29 Chapter 30 Chapter 31 Chapter 32 Chapter 33 Chapter 34 Chapter 35 Chapter 36 Chapter 37 Chapter 38 Chapter 39 Chapter 40 Chapter 41 Chapter 42 Chapter 43 Chapter 44 Chapter 45 Chapter 46 Chapter 47 Chapter 48 Chapter 49 Chapter 50 Chapter 51 Chapter 52 Chapter 53 Chapter 54 Chapter 55 Chapter 56 Chapter 57 Chapter 58 Chapter 59 Chapter 60 Chapter 61 Chapter 62 Chapter 63 Chapter 64 Chapter 65 Chapter 66 Chapter 67 Chapter 68 Chapter 69 Chapter 70 Chapter 71 Chapter 72 Chapter 73 Chapter 74 Chapter 75 Chapter 76 Chapter 77 Chapter 78 Chapter 79 Chapter 80 Chapter 81 Chapter 82 Chapter 83 Chapter 84 Chapter 85 Chapter 86 Chapter 87 Chapter 88 Chapter 89 Chapter 90 Chapter 91 Chapter 92 Chapter 93 Chapter 94 Chapter 95 Chapter 96

āśramavāsika parva

Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Chapter 9 Chapter 10 Chapter 11 Chapter 12 Chapter 13 Chapter 14 Chapter 15 Chapter 16 Chapter 17 Chapter 18 Chapter 19 Chapter 20 Chapter 21 Chapter 22 Chapter 23 Chapter 24 Chapter 25 Chapter 26 Chapter 27 Chapter 28 Chapter 29 Chapter 30 Chapter 31 Chapter 32 Chapter 33 Chapter 34 Chapter 35 Chapter 36 Chapter 37 Chapter 38 Chapter 39 Chapter 40 Chapter 41 Chapter 42 Chapter 43 Chapter 44 Chapter 45 Chapter 46 Chapter 47

mausala parva

Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Chapter 9

mahāprasthānika parva

Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3

svargārohaṇa parva

Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5