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महाभारतः       mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-133

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वैशंपायन उवाच ।
पाण्डवास्तु रथान्युक्त्वा सदश्वैरनिलोपमैः ।
आरोहमाणा भीष्मस्य पादौ जगृहुरार्तवत् ॥१॥
1. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
pāṇḍavāstu rathānyuktvā sadaśvairanilopamaiḥ ,
ārohamāṇā bhīṣmasya pādau jagṛhurārtavat.
1. vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca pāṇḍavāḥ tu rathān yuktvā sadaśvaiḥ
anilopamaiḥ ārohamāṇāḥ bhīṣmasya pādau jagṛhuḥ ārtavat
1. Vaiśaṃpāyana said: But the Pāṇḍavas, having yoked their chariots with excellent, wind-swift horses, then, as they were mounting, grasped Bhīṣma's feet as if in great distress.
राज्ञश्च धृतराष्ट्रस्य द्रोणस्य च महात्मनः ।
अन्येषां चैव वृद्धानां विदुरस्य कृपस्य च ॥२॥
2. rājñaśca dhṛtarāṣṭrasya droṇasya ca mahātmanaḥ ,
anyeṣāṁ caiva vṛddhānāṁ vidurasya kṛpasya ca.
2. rājñaḥ ca dhṛtarāṣṭrasya droṇasya ca mahātmanaḥ
anyeṣām ca eva vṛddhānām vidurasya kṛpasya ca
2. And (they grasped the feet) of King Dhṛtarāṣṭra, of the magnanimous Droṇa, and also of other elders, including Vidura and Kṛpa.
एवं सर्वान्कुरून्वृद्धानभिवाद्य यतव्रताः ।
समालिङ्ग्य समानांश्च बालैश्चाप्यभिवादिताः ॥३॥
3. evaṁ sarvānkurūnvṛddhānabhivādya yatavratāḥ ,
samāliṅgya samānāṁśca bālaiścāpyabhivāditāḥ.
3. evam sarvān kurūn vṛddhān abhivādya yatavratāḥ
samāliṅgya samānān ca bālaiḥ ca api abhivāditāḥ
3. Thus, firm in their vows, they greeted all the Kuru elders and embraced their peers. They were also saluted by the children.
सर्वा मातॄस्तथापृष्ट्वा कृत्वा चैव प्रदक्षिणम् ।
सर्वाः प्रकृतयश्चैव प्रययुर्वारणावतम् ॥४॥
4. sarvā mātṝstathāpṛṣṭvā kṛtvā caiva pradakṣiṇam ,
sarvāḥ prakṛtayaścaiva prayayurvāraṇāvatam.
4. sarvāḥ mātṝḥ tathā pṛṣṭvā kṛtvā ca eva pradakṣiṇam
sarvāḥ prakṛtayaḥ ca eva prayayuḥ vāraṇāvatam
4. After inquiring about the welfare of all the mothers and performing a respectful circumambulation, all the citizens (prakṛti) then proceeded to Vāraṇāvata.
विदुरश्च महाप्राज्ञस्तथान्ये कुरुपुंगवाः ।
पौराश्च पुरुषव्याघ्रानन्वयुः शोककर्शिताः ॥५॥
5. viduraśca mahāprājñastathānye kurupuṁgavāḥ ,
paurāśca puruṣavyāghrānanvayuḥ śokakarśitāḥ.
5. viduraḥ ca mahāprājñaḥ tathā anye kurupuṅgavāḥ
paurāḥ ca puruṣavyāghrān anvayuḥ śokakarśitāḥ
5. The greatly wise Vidura, other prominent Kuru elders, and the citizens, all overwhelmed by grief, followed these tigers among men.
तत्र केचिद्ब्रुवन्ति स्म ब्राह्मणा निर्भयास्तदा ।
शोचमानाः पाण्डुपुत्रानतीव भरतर्षभ ॥६॥
6. tatra kecidbruvanti sma brāhmaṇā nirbhayāstadā ,
śocamānāḥ pāṇḍuputrānatīva bharatarṣabha.
6. tatra kecit bruvanti sma brāhmaṇāḥ nirbhayāḥ
tadā śocamānāḥ pāṇḍuputrān atīva bharatarṣabha
6. At that time, O bull among the Bharatas, some fearless Brahmins, deeply grieving for the sons of Pāṇḍu, were speaking.
विषमं पश्यते राजा सर्वथा तमसावृतः ।
धृतराष्ट्रः सुदुर्बुद्धिर्न च धर्मं प्रपश्यति ॥७॥
7. viṣamaṁ paśyate rājā sarvathā tamasāvṛtaḥ ,
dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ sudurbuddhirna ca dharmaṁ prapaśyati.
7. viṣamam paśyate rājā sarvathā tamasā āvṛtaḥ
dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ sudurbuddhiḥ na ca dharmam prapaśyati
7. The king (Dhṛtarāṣṭra) regards matters unfairly, being entirely enveloped by darkness (tamas). Dhṛtarāṣṭra, with his extremely perverse intellect, does not perceive the natural law (dharma).
न हि पापमपापात्मा रोचयिष्यति पाण्डवः ।
भीमो वा बलिनां श्रेष्ठः कौन्तेयो वा धनंजयः ।
कुत एव महाप्राज्ञौ माद्रीपुत्रौ करिष्यतः ॥८॥
8. na hi pāpamapāpātmā rocayiṣyati pāṇḍavaḥ ,
bhīmo vā balināṁ śreṣṭhaḥ kaunteyo vā dhanaṁjayaḥ ,
kuta eva mahāprājñau mādrīputrau kariṣyataḥ.
8. na hi pāpam apāpātmā rocayiṣyati
pāṇḍavaḥ bhīmaḥ vā balinām śreṣṭhaḥ
kaunteyaḥ vā dhanañjayaḥ kutaḥ eva
mahāprājñau mādrīputrau kariṣyataḥ
8. Indeed, the pure-hearted Pāṇḍava (Yudhiṣṭhira) will not approve of this sin. Neither will Bhima, the foremost among the strong, nor Kaunteya Arjuna. How then could the two greatly wise sons of Madri (Nakula and Sahadeva) commit such an act?
तद्राज्यं पितृतः प्राप्तं धृतराष्ट्रो न मृष्यते ।
अधर्ममखिलं किं नु भीष्मोऽयमनुमन्यते ।
विवास्यमानानस्थाने कौन्तेयान्भरतर्षभान् ॥९॥
9. tadrājyaṁ pitṛtaḥ prāptaṁ dhṛtarāṣṭro na mṛṣyate ,
adharmamakhilaṁ kiṁ nu bhīṣmo'yamanumanyate ,
vivāsyamānānasthāne kaunteyānbharatarṣabhān.
9. tat rājyam pitṛtaḥ prāptam dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ
na mṛṣyate adharmam akhilam kim
nu bhīṣmaḥ ayam anumanyate vivāsyamānān
asthāne kaunteyān bharatarṣabhān
9. Dhṛtarāṣṭra does not endure the kingdom obtained by them from their father. Why then does this Bhishma approve of all this injustice (adharma), which involves the improper exile of the Pāṇḍavas, those excellent bulls among the Bhāratas?
पितेव हि नृपोऽस्माकमभूच्छांतनवः पुरा ।
विचित्रवीर्यो राजर्षिः पाण्डुश्च कुरुनन्दनः ॥१०॥
10. piteva hi nṛpo'smākamabhūcchāṁtanavaḥ purā ,
vicitravīryo rājarṣiḥ pāṇḍuśca kurunandanaḥ.
10. pitā iva hi nṛpaḥ asmākam abhūt śāntanavaḥ purā
vicitravīryaḥ rājarṣiḥ pāṇḍuḥ ca kurunandanaḥ
10. Indeed, in the past, Śāntanu was our king, like a father to us. Then there was Vicitravīrya, the royal sage, and Pāṇḍu, the delight of the Kurus.
स तस्मिन्पुरुषव्याघ्रे दिष्टभावं गते सति ।
राजपुत्रानिमान्बालान्धृतराष्ट्रो न मृष्यते ॥११॥
11. sa tasminpuruṣavyāghre diṣṭabhāvaṁ gate sati ,
rājaputrānimānbālāndhṛtarāṣṭro na mṛṣyate.
11. sa tasmin puruṣavyāghre diṣṭabhāvam gate sati
rājaputrān imān bālān dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ na mṛṣyate
11. When that tiger among men (Pāṇḍu) met his fate (died), Dhṛtarāṣṭra does not tolerate these princely children.
वयमेतदमृष्यन्तः सर्व एव पुरोत्तमात् ।
गृहान्विहाय गच्छामो यत्र याति युधिष्ठिरः ॥१२॥
12. vayametadamṛṣyantaḥ sarva eva purottamāt ,
gṛhānvihāya gacchāmo yatra yāti yudhiṣṭhiraḥ.
12. vayam etad amṛṣyantaḥ sarve eva purottamāt
gṛhān vihāya gacchāmaḥ yatra yāti yudhiṣṭhiraḥ
12. Not tolerating this, all of us will indeed leave our homes from this excellent city and go wherever Yudhiṣṭhira goes.
तांस्तथावादिनः पौरान्दुःखितान्दुःखकर्शितः ।
उवाच परमप्रीतो धर्मराजो युधिष्ठिरः ॥१३॥
13. tāṁstathāvādinaḥ paurānduḥkhitānduḥkhakarśitaḥ ,
uvāca paramaprīto dharmarājo yudhiṣṭhiraḥ.
13. tān tathāvādinaḥ paurān duḥkhitān duḥkhakarśitaḥ
uvāca paramaprītaḥ dharmarājaḥ yudhiṣṭhiraḥ
13. The king of righteousness (dharma), Yudhiṣṭhira, greatly pleased, spoke to those citizens who were speaking thus, distressed and emaciated by sorrow.
पिता मान्यो गुरुः श्रेष्ठो यदाह पृथिवीपतिः ।
अशङ्कमानैस्तत्कार्यमस्माभिरिति नो व्रतम् ॥१४॥
14. pitā mānyo guruḥ śreṣṭho yadāha pṛthivīpatiḥ ,
aśaṅkamānaistatkāryamasmābhiriti no vratam.
14. pitā mānyaḥ guruḥ śreṣṭhaḥ yat āha pṛthivīpatiḥ
aśaṅkamānaiḥ tat kāryam asmābhiḥ iti naḥ vratam
14. Whatever our father, who is venerable and the best of teachers (guru), the lord of the earth, commands, that task must be performed by us without any doubt; this is our vow.
भवन्तः सुहृदोऽस्माकमस्मान्कृत्वा प्रदक्षिणम् ।
आशीर्भिरभिनन्द्यास्मान्निवर्तध्वं यथागृहम् ॥१५॥
15. bhavantaḥ suhṛdo'smākamasmānkṛtvā pradakṣiṇam ,
āśīrbhirabhinandyāsmānnivartadhvaṁ yathāgṛham.
15. bhavantaḥ suhṛdaḥ asmākam asmān kṛtvā pradakṣiṇam
āśīrbhiḥ abhinandya asmān nivartadhvam yathāgṛham
15. You are our well-wishers. Having circumambulated us and honored us with your blessings, please return to your homes.
यदा तु कार्यमस्माकं भवद्भिरुपपत्स्यते ।
तदा करिष्यथ मम प्रियाणि च हितानि च ॥१६॥
16. yadā tu kāryamasmākaṁ bhavadbhirupapatsyate ,
tadā kariṣyatha mama priyāṇi ca hitāni ca.
16. yadā tu kāryam asmākam bhavadbhiḥ upapatsyate
tadā kariṣyatha mama priyāṇi ca hitāni ca
16. But when a task of ours arises which is appropriate for you to undertake, then you shall perform what is both dear and beneficial to me.
ते तथेति प्रतिज्ञाय कृत्वा चैतान्प्रदक्षिणम् ।
आशीर्भिरभिनन्द्यैनाञ्जग्मुर्नगरमेव हि ॥१७॥
17. te tatheti pratijñāya kṛtvā caitānpradakṣiṇam ,
āśīrbhirabhinandyaināñjagmurnagarameva hi.
17. te tathā iti pratijñāya kṛtvā ca etān pradakṣiṇam
āśīrbhiḥ abhinandya enān jagmuḥ nagaram eva hi
17. They, having promised, "So be it," and having circumambulated them and honored them with blessings, then indeed returned to the city.
पौरेषु तु निवृत्तेषु विदुरः सर्वधर्मवित् ।
बोधयन्पाण्डवश्रेष्ठमिदं वचनमब्रवीत् ।
प्राज्ञः प्राज्ञं प्रलापज्ञः सम्यग्धर्मार्थदर्शिवान् ॥१८॥
18. paureṣu tu nivṛtteṣu viduraḥ sarvadharmavit ,
bodhayanpāṇḍavaśreṣṭhamidaṁ vacanamabravīt ,
prājñaḥ prājñaṁ pralāpajñaḥ samyagdharmārthadarśivān.
18. paureṣu tu nivṛtteṣu viduraḥ
sarvadharma-vit bodhayan pāṇḍava-śreṣṭham
idam vacanam abravīt prājñaḥ prājñam
pralāpa-jñaḥ samyak dharmārtha-darśivān
18. After the citizens had departed, Vidura, who understood all principles (dharma), instructing the foremost of the Pāṇḍavas, spoke these words. He was wise, skilled in conveying wisdom, and possessed a thorough insight into natural law (dharma) and its true purpose.
विज्ञायेदं तथा कुर्यादापदं निस्तरेद्यथा ।
अलोहं निशितं शस्त्रं शरीरपरिकर्तनम् ।
यो वेत्ति न तमाघ्नन्ति प्रतिघातविदं द्विषः ॥१९॥
19. vijñāyedaṁ tathā kuryādāpadaṁ nistaredyathā ,
alohaṁ niśitaṁ śastraṁ śarīraparikartanam ,
yo vetti na tamāghnanti pratighātavidaṁ dviṣaḥ.
19. vijñāya idam tathā kuryāt āpadam
nistaret yathā aloham niśitam śastram
śarīra-parikartanam yaḥ vetti na
tam āghnanti pratighāta-vidam dviṣaḥ
19. Understanding this, one should act in such a way as to overcome adversity. Those enemies, even if skilled in counter-attacks, do not harm the one who understands the non-metallic, sharpened weapon that can cut the body.
कक्षघ्नः शिशिरघ्नश्च महाकक्षे बिलौकसः ।
न दहेदिति चात्मानं यो रक्षति स जीवति ॥२०॥
20. kakṣaghnaḥ śiśiraghnaśca mahākakṣe bilaukasaḥ ,
na dahediti cātmānaṁ yo rakṣati sa jīvati.
20. kakṣaghnaḥ śiśiraghnaḥ ca mahākakṣe bilaukasaḥ
na dahet iti ca ātmānam yaḥ rakṣati sa jīvati
20. Fire, which consumes dry grass and dispels the cold, can also burn creatures dwelling in holes within a vast thicket. He who protects himself with the thought, 'I should not be burned,' indeed survives.
नाचक्षुर्वेत्ति पन्थानं नाचक्षुर्विन्दते दिशः ।
नाधृतिर्भूतिमाप्नोति बुध्यस्वैवं प्रबोधितः ॥२१॥
21. nācakṣurvetti panthānaṁ nācakṣurvindate diśaḥ ,
nādhṛtirbhūtimāpnoti budhyasvaivaṁ prabodhitaḥ.
21. na acakṣuḥ vetti panthānam na acakṣuḥ vindate diśaḥ
na adhṛtiḥ bhūtim āpnoti budhyasva evam prabodhitaḥ
21. A blind person cannot discern the path, nor can they find directions. Similarly, one who lacks firmness does not attain prosperity. Having been instructed, understand this accordingly.
अनाप्तैर्दत्तमादत्ते नरः शस्त्रमलोहजम् ।
श्वाविच्छरणमासाद्य प्रमुच्येत हुताशनात् ॥२२॥
22. anāptairdattamādatte naraḥ śastramalohajam ,
śvāviccharaṇamāsādya pramucyeta hutāśanāt.
22. anāptaiḥ dattam ādatte naraḥ śastram alohajam
śvāvit śaraṇam āsādya pramucyeta hutāśanāt
22. A man accepts a non-metallic weapon given by unreliable persons. Yet, a porcupine, by reaching a place of refuge, can escape from fire.
चरन्मार्गान्विजानाति नक्षत्रैर्विन्दते दिशः ।
आत्मना चात्मनः पञ्च पीडयन्नानुपीड्यते ॥२३॥
23. caranmārgānvijānāti nakṣatrairvindate diśaḥ ,
ātmanā cātmanaḥ pañca pīḍayannānupīḍyate.
23. caran mārgān vijānāti nakṣatraiḥ vindate diśaḥ
ātmanā ca ātmanaḥ pañca pīḍayan na anupīḍyate
23. One who walks the paths knows them, and by the stars, one ascertains directions. Similarly, by restraining one's own five (senses or passions) by oneself (ātman), one is not afflicted in turn.
अनुशिष्ट्वानुगत्वा च कृत्वा चैनान्प्रदक्षिणम् ।
पाण्डवानभ्यनुज्ञाय विदुरः प्रययौ गृहान् ॥२४॥
24. anuśiṣṭvānugatvā ca kṛtvā cainānpradakṣiṇam ,
pāṇḍavānabhyanujñāya viduraḥ prayayau gṛhān.
24. anuśiṣṭvā anugatvā ca kṛtvā ca enān pradakṣiṇam
pāṇḍavān abhyanujñāya viduraḥ prayayau gṛhān
24. Having instructed them, having accompanied them, and having performed a respectful circumambulation of them, Vidura, after bidding farewell to the Pāṇḍavas, departed for his home.
निवृत्ते विदुरे चैव भीष्मे पौरजने तथा ।
अजातशत्रुमामन्त्र्य कुन्ती वचनमब्रवीत् ॥२५॥
25. nivṛtte vidure caiva bhīṣme paurajane tathā ,
ajātaśatrumāmantrya kuntī vacanamabravīt.
25. nivṛtte vidure ca eva bhīṣme paurajane tathā
ajātaśatrum āmantrya kuntī vacanam abravīt
25. When Vidura had departed, and similarly Bhīṣma and the citizens had returned, Kuntī, addressing Ajātaśatru (Yudhiṣṭhira), spoke these words.
क्षत्ता यदब्रवीद्वाक्यं जनमध्येऽब्रुवन्निव ।
त्वया च तत्तथेत्युक्तो जानीमो न च तद्वयम् ॥२६॥
26. kṣattā yadabravīdvākyaṁ janamadhye'bruvanniva ,
tvayā ca tattathetyukto jānīmo na ca tadvayam.
26. kṣattā yat abravīt vākyam janamadhye abruvan iva
tvayā ca tat tathā iti uktaḥ jānīmaḥ na ca tat vayam
26. What the chamberlain (Vidura) said – that statement, spoken as if not openly among the people – and which you acknowledged with 'so be it', we do not know what it was.
यदि तच्छक्यमस्माभिः श्रोतुं न च सदोषवत् ।
श्रोतुमिच्छामि तत्सर्वं संवादं तव तस्य च ॥२७॥
27. yadi tacchakyamasmābhiḥ śrotuṁ na ca sadoṣavat ,
śrotumicchāmi tatsarvaṁ saṁvādaṁ tava tasya ca.
27. yadi tat śakyam asmābhiḥ śrotum na ca sadoṣavat
śrotum icchāmi tat sarvam saṃvādam tava tasya ca
27. If that (statement) is possible for us to hear, and if it is not harmful, then I wish to hear all of that conversation between you and him.
युधिष्ठिर उवाच ।
विषादग्नेश्च बोद्धव्यमिति मां विदुरोऽब्रवीत् ।
पन्थाश्च वो नाविदितः कश्चित्स्यादिति चाब्रवीत् ॥२८॥
28. yudhiṣṭhira uvāca ,
viṣādagneśca boddhavyamiti māṁ viduro'bravīt ,
panthāśca vo nāviditaḥ kaścitsyāditi cābravīt.
28. yudhiṣṭhira uvāca | viṣādagneḥ
ca boddhavyam iti mām viduraḥ
abravīt | panthāḥ ca vaḥ na aviditaḥ
kaścit syāt iti ca abravīt
28. Yudhiṣṭhira said: "Vidura told me that I should be aware of the poison-fire, and he also said that no path should remain unknown to us."
जितेन्द्रियश्च वसुधां प्राप्स्यसीति च माब्रवीत् ।
विज्ञातमिति तत्सर्वमित्युक्तो विदुरो मया ॥२९॥
29. jitendriyaśca vasudhāṁ prāpsyasīti ca mābravīt ,
vijñātamiti tatsarvamityukto viduro mayā.
29. jitendriyaḥ ca vasudhām prāpsyasi iti ca mām abravīt
| vijñātam iti tat sarvam iti uktaḥ viduraḥ mayā
29. He also told me, "You will obtain the earth, having controlled your senses." Then I replied to Vidura, "All of that has been understood."
वैशंपायन उवाच ।
अष्टमेऽहनि रोहिण्यां प्रयाताः फल्गुनस्य ते ।
वारणावतमासाद्य ददृशुर्नागरं जनम् ॥३०॥
30. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
aṣṭame'hani rohiṇyāṁ prayātāḥ phalgunasya te ,
vāraṇāvatamāsādya dadṛśurnāgaraṁ janam.
30. vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca | aṣṭame ahani rohiṇyām prayātāḥ
phālgunasya te | vāraṇāvatam āsādya dadṛśuḥ nāgaram janam
30. Vaiśampāyana said: On the eighth day, with the moon in the Rohiṇī constellation, they, the followers of Phālguna (Arjuna), set out. Upon reaching Vāraṇāvata, they saw the city's inhabitants.