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महाभारतः       mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-46

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जनमेजय उवाच ।
कथं समभवद्द्यूतं भ्रातॄणां तन्महात्ययम् ।
यत्र तद्व्यसनं प्राप्तं पाण्डवैर्मे पितामहैः ॥१॥
1. janamejaya uvāca ,
kathaṁ samabhavaddyūtaṁ bhrātṝṇāṁ tanmahātyayam ,
yatra tadvyasanaṁ prāptaṁ pāṇḍavairme pitāmahaiḥ.
1. janamejaya uvāca katham sam abhavat dyūtam bhrātṛṇām tat
mahātyayam yatra tat vyasanam prāptam pāṇḍavaiḥ me pitāmahaiḥ
1. Janamejaya said: 'How did that dice game, which brought great destruction, arise among the brothers? And how did my grandfathers, the Pāṇḍavas, incur that misfortune in it?'
के च तत्र सभास्तारा राजानो ब्रह्मवित्तम ।
के चैनमन्वमोदन्त के चैनं प्रत्यषेधयन् ॥२॥
2. ke ca tatra sabhāstārā rājāno brahmavittama ,
ke cainamanvamodanta ke cainaṁ pratyaṣedhayan.
2. ke ca tatra sabhāstārāḥ rājānaḥ brahmavittama ke
ca enam anvamodanta ke ca enam pratyaṣedhayan
2. O best knower of Brahman (brahman), who were the kings present in that assembly? And who among them approved of him, and who opposed him?
विस्तरेणैतदिच्छामि कथ्यमानं त्वया द्विज ।
मूलं ह्येतद्विनाशस्य पृथिव्या द्विजसत्तम ॥३॥
3. vistareṇaitadicchāmi kathyamānaṁ tvayā dvija ,
mūlaṁ hyetadvināśasya pṛthivyā dvijasattama.
3. vistareṇa etat icchāmi kathyamānam tvayā dvija
mūlam hi etat vināśasya pṛthivyāḥ dvijasattama
3. O brahmin (dvija), I wish for this to be narrated by you in detail, because this is indeed the root cause of the earth's (kingdom's) destruction, O best among brahmins (dvija).
सूत उवाच ।
एवमुक्तस्तदा राज्ञा व्यासशिष्यः प्रतापवान् ।
आचचक्षे यथावृत्तं तत्सर्वं सर्ववेदवित् ॥४॥
4. sūta uvāca ,
evamuktastadā rājñā vyāsaśiṣyaḥ pratāpavān ,
ācacakṣe yathāvṛttaṁ tatsarvaṁ sarvavedavit.
4. sūtaḥ uvāca evam uktaḥ tadā rājñā vyāsaśiṣyaḥ
pratāpavān ācacakṣe yathāvṛttam tat sarvam sarvavedavit
4. Sūta said: Thus addressed by the king, the glorious disciple of Vyāsa, who knew all the Vedas, then narrated everything just as it had happened.
वैशंपायन उवाच ।
शृणु मे विस्तरेणेमां कथां भरतसत्तम ।
भूय एव महाराज यदि ते श्रवणे मतिः ॥५॥
5. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
śṛṇu me vistareṇemāṁ kathāṁ bharatasattama ,
bhūya eva mahārāja yadi te śravaṇe matiḥ.
5. vaiśaṃpāyanaḥ uvāca śṛṇu me vistareṇa imām kathām
bharatasattama bhūyaḥ eva mahārāja yadi te śravaṇe matiḥ
5. Vaiśampāyana said: O best of the Bhāratas, listen to this story from me in detail, O great king, if you still have an inclination to hear.
विदुरस्य मतं ज्ञात्वा धृतराष्ट्रोऽम्बिकासुतः ।
दुर्योधनमिदं वाक्यमुवाच विजने पुनः ॥६॥
6. vidurasya mataṁ jñātvā dhṛtarāṣṭro'mbikāsutaḥ ,
duryodhanamidaṁ vākyamuvāca vijane punaḥ.
6. vidurasya matam jñātvā dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ ambikāsutaḥ
duryodhanam idam vākyam uvāca vijane punaḥ
6. Understanding Vidura's advice, Dhritarashtra, the son of Ambika, spoke these words again to Duryodhana in a secluded place.
अलं द्यूतेन गान्धारे विदुरो न प्रशंसति ।
न ह्यसौ सुमहाबुद्धिरहितं नो वदिष्यति ॥७॥
7. alaṁ dyūtena gāndhāre viduro na praśaṁsati ,
na hyasau sumahābuddhirahitaṁ no vadiṣyati.
7. alam dyūtena gāndhāre viduraḥ na praśaṃsati
na hi asau sumahābuddhiḥ ahitam naḥ vadiṣyati
7. Enough with this gambling, O son of Gandhari! Vidura does not approve of it. Indeed, he possesses a very great intellect and would certainly not advise anything harmful to us.
हितं हि परमं मन्ये विदुरो यत्प्रभाषते ।
क्रियतां पुत्र तत्सर्वमेतन्मन्ये हितं तव ॥८॥
8. hitaṁ hi paramaṁ manye viduro yatprabhāṣate ,
kriyatāṁ putra tatsarvametanmanye hitaṁ tava.
8. hitam hi paramam manye viduraḥ yat prabhāṣate
kriyatām putra tat sarvam etat manye hitam tava
8. Indeed, I consider what Vidura says to be of supreme benefit. O my son, let all of that be done, for I consider this to be beneficial for you.
देवर्षिर्वासवगुरुर्देवराजाय धीमते ।
यत्प्राह शास्त्रं भगवान्बृहस्पतिरुदारधीः ॥९॥
9. devarṣirvāsavagururdevarājāya dhīmate ,
yatprāha śāstraṁ bhagavānbṛhaspatirudāradhīḥ.
9. devarṣiḥ vāsavaguruḥ devarājāya dhīmate yat
prāha śāstram bhagavān bṛhaspatiḥ udāradhīḥ
9. (This is) what the divine sage, the venerable Brihaspati, the preceptor of Indra and a man of noble intellect, instructed as a treatise (śāstra) to the wise king of the gods.
तद्वेद विदुरः सर्वं सरहस्यं महाकविः ।
स्थितश्च वचने तस्य सदाहमपि पुत्रक ॥१०॥
10. tadveda viduraḥ sarvaṁ sarahasyaṁ mahākaviḥ ,
sthitaśca vacane tasya sadāhamapi putraka.
10. tat veda viduraḥ sarvam sarahasyam mahākaviḥ
sthitaḥ ca vacane tasya sadā aham api putraka
10. O son, the great sage Vidura knows all of that, including its secrets. And I, too, always stand by his word.
विदुरो वापि मेधावी कुरूणां प्रवरो मतः ।
उद्धवो वा महाबुद्धिर्वृष्णीनामर्चितो नृप ॥११॥
11. viduro vāpi medhāvī kurūṇāṁ pravaro mataḥ ,
uddhavo vā mahābuddhirvṛṣṇīnāmarcito nṛpa.
11. viduraḥ vā api medhāvī kurūṇām pravaraḥ mataḥ
uddhavaḥ vā mahābuddhiḥ vṛṣṇīnām arcitaḥ nṛpa
11. O king, Vidura is considered the most excellent and wise among the Kurus; or Uddhava, who is greatly intelligent, is revered among the Vṛṣṇis.
द्यूतेन तदलं पुत्र द्यूते भेदो हि दृश्यते ।
भेदे विनाशो राज्यस्य तत्पुत्र परिवर्जय ॥१२॥
12. dyūtena tadalaṁ putra dyūte bhedo hi dṛśyate ,
bhede vināśo rājyasya tatputra parivarjaya.
12. dyūtena tat alam putra dyūte bhedaḥ hi dṛśyate
bhede vināśaḥ rājyasya tat putra parivarjaya
12. O son, enough of this gambling! Indeed, discord is seen to arise from gambling. From discord comes the destruction of the kingdom, O son; therefore, avoid it!
पित्रा मात्रा च पुत्रस्य यद्वै कार्यं परं स्मृतम् ।
प्राप्तस्त्वमसि तत्तात पितृपैतामहं पदम् ॥१३॥
13. pitrā mātrā ca putrasya yadvai kāryaṁ paraṁ smṛtam ,
prāptastvamasi tattāta pitṛpaitāmahaṁ padam.
13. pitrā mātrā ca putrasya yat vai kāryam param smṛtam
prāptaḥ tvam asi tat tāta pitṛpaitāmaham padam
13. O dear one (tāta), you have indeed attained that supreme ancestral position, which is considered the highest duty (kārya) for a son by his father and mother.
अधीतवान्कृती शास्त्रे लालितः सततं गृहे ।
भ्रातृज्येष्ठः स्थितो राज्ये विन्दसे किं न शोभनम् ॥१४॥
14. adhītavānkṛtī śāstre lālitaḥ satataṁ gṛhe ,
bhrātṛjyeṣṭhaḥ sthito rājye vindase kiṁ na śobhanam.
14. adhītavān kṛtī śāstre lālitaḥ satataṃ gṛhe
bhrātṛjyeṣṭhaḥ sthitaḥ rājye vindase kiṃ na śobhanam
14. You are learned and skilled in the scriptures, constantly cherished at home. As the eldest brother, you are established in the kingdom. What excellent thing is it that you do not find?
पृथग्जनैरलभ्यं यद्भोजनाच्छादनं परम् ।
तत्प्राप्तोऽसि महाबाहो कस्माच्छोचसि पुत्रक ॥१५॥
15. pṛthagjanairalabhyaṁ yadbhojanācchādanaṁ param ,
tatprāpto'si mahābāho kasmācchocasi putraka.
15. pṛthagjanaiḥ alabhyam yat bhojanācchādanam param
tat prāptaḥ asi mahābāho kasmāt śocasi putrak
15. O mighty-armed one (mahābāho), O son, you have obtained that excellent food and clothing which is unattainable by ordinary people. Why do you grieve?
स्फीतं राष्ट्रं महाबाहो पितृपैतामहं महत् ।
नित्यमाज्ञापयन्भासि दिवि देवेश्वरो यथा ॥१६॥
16. sphītaṁ rāṣṭraṁ mahābāho pitṛpaitāmahaṁ mahat ,
nityamājñāpayanbhāsi divi deveśvaro yathā.
16. sphītam rāṣṭram mahābāho pitṛpaitāmaham mahat
nityam ājñāpayan bhāsi divi deveśvaraḥ yathā
16. O mighty-armed one (mahābāho), you continually rule this great, prosperous, and ancestral kingdom, and you shine like the lord of the gods (deveśvara) in heaven.
तस्य ते विदितप्रज्ञ शोकमूलमिदं कथम् ।
समुत्थितं दुःखतरं तन्मे शंसितुमर्हसि ॥१७॥
17. tasya te viditaprajña śokamūlamidaṁ katham ,
samutthitaṁ duḥkhataraṁ tanme śaṁsitumarhasi.
17. tasya te viditaprajña śokamūlam idam katham
samutthitam duḥkhataram tat me śaṃsitum arhasi
17. O wise one, you ought to explain to me how this source of even greater sorrow has arisen in you.
दुर्योधन उवाच ।
अश्नाम्याच्छादयामीति प्रपश्यन्पापपूरुषः ।
नामर्षं कुरुते यस्तु पुरुषः सोऽधमः स्मृतः ॥१८॥
18. duryodhana uvāca ,
aśnāmyācchādayāmīti prapaśyanpāpapūruṣaḥ ,
nāmarṣaṁ kurute yastu puruṣaḥ so'dhamaḥ smṛtaḥ.
18. duryodhana uvāca aśnāmi ācchādayāmi iti prapaśyan pāpa-pūruṣaḥ
na amarṣam kurute yaḥ tu puruṣaḥ saḥ adhamaḥ smṛtaḥ
18. Duryodhana said: "The sinful man who, merely perceiving that he eats and clothes himself, feels no indignation (amarṣa), that man is considered to be the lowest."
न मां प्रीणाति राजेन्द्र लक्ष्मीः साधारणा विभो ।
ज्वलितामिव कौन्तेये श्रियं दृष्ट्वा च विव्यथे ॥१९॥
19. na māṁ prīṇāti rājendra lakṣmīḥ sādhāraṇā vibho ,
jvalitāmiva kaunteye śriyaṁ dṛṣṭvā ca vivyathe.
19. na mām prīṇāti rājendra lakṣmīḥ sādhāraṇā vibho
jvalitām iva kaunteye śriyam dṛṣṭvā ca vivyathe
19. O King of kings, O mighty one, mere common prosperity (lakṣmī) does not satisfy me. Rather, seeing the blazing splendor (śrī) of the son of Kunti, I am truly distressed.
सर्वां हि पृथिवीं दृष्ट्वा युधिष्ठिरवशानुगाम् ।
स्थिरोऽस्मि योऽहं जीवामि दुःखादेतद्ब्रवीमि ते ॥२०॥
20. sarvāṁ hi pṛthivīṁ dṛṣṭvā yudhiṣṭhiravaśānugām ,
sthiro'smi yo'haṁ jīvāmi duḥkhādetadbravīmi te.
20. sarvām hi pṛthivīm dṛṣṭvā yudhiṣṭhira-vaśa-anugām
sthiraḥ asmi yaḥ aham jīvāmi duḥkhāt etat bravīmi te
20. Indeed, having seen the entire earth subjugated to Yudhiṣṭhira, I, who am still alive, remain. It is out of sorrow that I tell you this.
आवर्जिता इवाभान्ति निघ्नाश्चैत्रकिकौकुराः ।
कारस्करा लोहजङ्घा युधिष्ठिरनिवेशने ॥२१॥
21. āvarjitā ivābhānti nighnāścaitrakikaukurāḥ ,
kāraskarā lohajaṅghā yudhiṣṭhiraniveśane.
21. āvarjitāḥ iva ābhānti nighnāḥ ca caitrakikaukurāḥ
kāraskarāḥ lohajaṅghāḥ yudhiṣṭhira-niveśane
21. The Caitrakas and Kukuras, along with the Karaskaras and Lohajaṅghas, appear as if bowed down and subdued in Yudhiṣṭhira's capital.
हिमवत्सागरानूपाः सर्वरत्नाकरास्तथा ।
अन्त्याः सर्वे पर्युदस्ता युधिष्ठिरनिवेशने ॥२२॥
22. himavatsāgarānūpāḥ sarvaratnākarāstathā ,
antyāḥ sarve paryudastā yudhiṣṭhiraniveśane.
22. himavat sāgara anūpāḥ sarva-ratna-ākarāḥ tathā
antyāḥ sarve paryudastāḥ yudhiṣṭhira-niveśane
22. The Himalayas (Himavat), oceans, and marshlands, all of which are sources of jewels, as well as all the border regions, were completely subjugated for Yudhishthira's abode.
ज्येष्ठोऽयमिति मां मत्वा श्रेष्ठश्चेति विशां पते ।
युधिष्ठिरेण सत्कृत्य युक्तो रत्नपरिग्रहे ॥२३॥
23. jyeṣṭho'yamiti māṁ matvā śreṣṭhaśceti viśāṁ pate ,
yudhiṣṭhireṇa satkṛtya yukto ratnaparigrahe.
23. jyeṣṭhaḥ ayam iti mām matvā śreṣṭhaḥ ca iti viśām
pate yudhiṣṭhireṇa satkṛtya yuktaḥ ratna-parigrahe
23. Thinking 'this one is the eldest and also the best,' O lord of the people (viśām pate), Yudhishthira honored me and appointed me to accept the jewels.
उपस्थितानां रत्नानां श्रेष्ठानामर्घहारिणाम् ।
नादृश्यत परः प्रान्तो नापरस्तत्र भारत ॥२४॥
24. upasthitānāṁ ratnānāṁ śreṣṭhānāmarghahāriṇām ,
nādṛśyata paraḥ prānto nāparastatra bhārata.
24. upasthitānām ratnānām śreṣṭhānām argha-hāriṇām na
adṛśyata paraḥ prāntaḥ na aparaḥ tatra bhārata
24. Of the countless excellent and valuable jewels that were brought forth, neither their beginning nor their end could be seen there, O descendant of Bharata (Bhārata).
न मे हस्तः समभवद्वसु तत्प्रतिगृह्णतः ।
प्रातिष्ठन्त मयि श्रान्ते गृह्य दूराहृतं वसु ॥२५॥
25. na me hastaḥ samabhavadvasu tatpratigṛhṇataḥ ,
prātiṣṭhanta mayi śrānte gṛhya dūrāhṛtaṁ vasu.
25. na me hastaḥ samabhavat vasu tat pratigṛhṇataḥ
prātiṣṭhanta mayi śrānte gṛhya dūra-āhṛtam vasu
25. My hand was unable to keep receiving that wealth. When I was exhausted, the wealth that had been brought from afar was collected and remained there.
कृतां बिन्दुसरोरत्नैर्मयेन स्फाटिकच्छदाम् ।
अपश्यं नलिनीं पूर्णामुदकस्येव भारत ॥२६॥
26. kṛtāṁ bindusaroratnairmayena sphāṭikacchadām ,
apaśyaṁ nalinīṁ pūrṇāmudakasyeva bhārata.
26. kṛtām bindusaroratnaiḥ mayena sphāṭikacchadām
apaśyam nalinīm pūrṇām udakasya iva bhārata
26. O Bhārata, I saw a lotus pond, which Maya had constructed with jewels from Lake Bindu. Its surface appeared crystal-like, full of water.
वस्त्रमुत्कर्षति मयि प्राहसत्स वृकोदरः ।
शत्रोरृद्धिविशेषेण विमूढं रत्नवर्जितम् ॥२७॥
27. vastramutkarṣati mayi prāhasatsa vṛkodaraḥ ,
śatrorṛddhiviśeṣeṇa vimūḍhaṁ ratnavarjitam.
27. vastram utkarṣati mayi prāhasat saḥ vṛkodaraḥ
śatroḥ ṛddhiviśeṣeṇa vimūḍham ratnavarjitam
27. While I was pulling up my garment, that Bhīma (vṛkodara) laughed aloud. Bewildered by the exceptional prosperity of the enemy (Pāṇḍavas), I felt utterly humiliated.
तत्र स्म यदि शक्तः स्यां पातयेयं वृकोदरम् ।
सपत्नेनावहासो हि स मां दहति भारत ॥२८॥
28. tatra sma yadi śaktaḥ syāṁ pātayeyaṁ vṛkodaram ,
sapatnenāvahāso hi sa māṁ dahati bhārata.
28. tatra sma yadi śaktaḥ syām pātayeyam vṛkodaram
sapatnena avahāsaḥ hi saḥ mām dahati bhārata
28. At that moment, if I had been capable, I would have struck down Bhīma (vṛkodara). Indeed, that ridicule from my rival consumes me, O Bhārata.
पुनश्च तादृशीमेव वापीं जलजशालिनीम् ।
मत्वा शिलासमां तोये पतितोऽस्मि नराधिप ॥२९॥
29. punaśca tādṛśīmeva vāpīṁ jalajaśālinīm ,
matvā śilāsamāṁ toye patito'smi narādhipa.
29. punaḥ ca tādṛśīm eva vāpīm jalajaśālinīm
matvā śilāsamām toye patitaḥ asmi narādhipa
29. And again, O king (narādhipa), I fell into the water, having mistaken another similar pond, adorned with lotuses, for a solid stone surface.
तत्र मां प्राहसत्कृष्णः पार्थेन सह सस्वनम् ।
द्रौपदी च सह स्त्रीभिर्व्यथयन्ती मनो मम ॥३०॥
30. tatra māṁ prāhasatkṛṣṇaḥ pārthena saha sasvanam ,
draupadī ca saha strībhirvyathayantī mano mama.
30. tatra mām prāhasat kṛṣṇaḥ pārthena saha sasvanam
draupadī ca saha strībhiḥ vyathayantī manaḥ mama
30. There, Krishna, along with Arjuna, laughed loudly at me. And Draupadi, accompanied by other women, distressed my mind.
क्लिन्नवस्त्रस्य च जले किंकरा राजचोदिताः ।
ददुर्वासांसि मेऽन्यानि तच्च दुःखतरं मम ॥३१॥
31. klinnavastrasya ca jale kiṁkarā rājacoditāḥ ,
dadurvāsāṁsi me'nyāni tacca duḥkhataraṁ mama.
31. klinnavastrasya ca jale kiṅkarāḥ rājācoditāḥ
daduḥ vāsāṃsi me anyāni tat ca duḥkhataram mama
31. And when my garments were wet in the water, the servants, at the king's command, gave me other clothes. That was even more distressing to me.
प्रलम्भं च शृणुष्वान्यं गदतो मे नराधिप ।
अद्वारेण विनिर्गच्छन्द्वारसंस्थानरूपिणा ।
अभिहत्य शिलां भूयो ललाटेनास्मि विक्षतः ॥३२॥
32. pralambhaṁ ca śṛṇuṣvānyaṁ gadato me narādhipa ,
advāreṇa vinirgacchandvārasaṁsthānarūpiṇā ,
abhihatya śilāṁ bhūyo lalāṭenāsmi vikṣataḥ.
32. pralambham ca śṛṇuṣva anyam gadataḥ
me narādhipa advāreṇa vinirgacchan
dvārasaṃsthānarūpiṇā abhihatya
śilām bhūyaḥ lalāṭena asmi vikṣataḥ
32. O king of men (narādhipa), listen to another humiliation from me. As I was exiting through what seemed to be a door but was not, I struck a stone again with my forehead and was wounded.
तत्र मां यमजौ दूरादालोक्य ललितौ किल ।
बाहुभिः परिगृह्णीतां शोचन्तौ सहितावुभौ ॥३३॥
33. tatra māṁ yamajau dūrādālokya lalitau kila ,
bāhubhiḥ parigṛhṇītāṁ śocantau sahitāvubhau.
33. tatra mām yamajau dūrāt ālokya lalitau kila
bāhubhiḥ parigṛhṇītām śocantau sahitau ubhau
33. Indeed, there, the handsome twins (yamajau), having seen me from afar, both together embraced me with their arms while lamenting.
उवाच सहदेवस्तु तत्र मां विस्मयन्निव ।
इदं द्वारमितो गच्छ राजन्निति पुनः पुनः ॥३४॥
34. uvāca sahadevastu tatra māṁ vismayanniva ,
idaṁ dvāramito gaccha rājanniti punaḥ punaḥ.
34. uvāca sahadevaḥ tu tatra mām vismayan iva |
idam dvāram itaḥ gaccha rājan iti punaḥ punaḥ
34. Sahadeva, as if astounding me, repeatedly said there, "This is the door; go this way, O King."
नामधेयानि रत्नानां पुरस्तान्न श्रुतानि मे ।
यानि दृष्टानि मे तस्यां मनस्तपति तच्च मे ॥३५॥
35. nāmadheyāni ratnānāṁ purastānna śrutāni me ,
yāni dṛṣṭāni me tasyāṁ manastapati tacca me.
35. nāmadheyāni ratnānām purastāt na śrutāni me |
yāni dṛṣṭāni me tasyām manaḥ tapati tat ca me
35. The names of the gems that I saw there had never been heard by me before. That also distresses my mind.