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महाभारतः       mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-63

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भीष्म उवाच ।
ज्याकर्षणं शत्रुनिबर्हणं च कृषिर्वणिज्या पशुपालनं च ।
शुश्रूषणं चापि तथार्थहेतोरकार्यमेतत्परमं द्विजस्य ॥१॥
1. bhīṣma uvāca ,
jyākarṣaṇaṁ śatrunibarhaṇaṁ ca; kṛṣirvaṇijyā paśupālanaṁ ca ,
śuśrūṣaṇaṁ cāpi tathārthaheto;rakāryametatparamaṁ dvijasya.
1. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca jyā-ākarṣaṇam
śatru-nibarhaṇam ca kṛṣiḥ vaṇijyā paśu-pālanam
ca śuśrūṣaṇam ca api tathā
artha-hetoḥ akāryam etat paramam dvijasya
1. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca jyā-ākarṣaṇam ca
śatru-nibarhaṇam ca kṛṣiḥ vaṇijyā paśu-pālanam
ca tathā artha-hetoḥ api ca
śuśrūṣaṇam etat dvijasya paramam akāryam
1. Bhishma said: Drawing the bow, slaying enemies, and agriculture, trade, cattle-rearing, as well as rendering service for the sake of wealth - these are supremely improper (actions) for a twice-born (dvija).
सेव्यं तु ब्रह्मषट्कर्म गृहस्थेन मनीषिणा ।
कृतकृत्यस्य चारण्ये वासो विप्रस्य शस्यते ॥२॥
2. sevyaṁ tu brahmaṣaṭkarma gṛhasthena manīṣiṇā ,
kṛtakṛtyasya cāraṇye vāso viprasya śasyate.
2. sevyam tu brahma-ṣaṭ-karma gṛhasthena manīṣiṇā
kṛta-kṛtyasya ca araṇye vāsaḥ viprasya śasyate
2. tu gṛhasthena manīṣiṇā brahma-ṣaṭ-karma sevyam
ca kṛta-kṛtyasya viprasya araṇye vāsaḥ śasyate
2. However, the six sacred duties (brahmaṣaṭkarma) are to be observed by a wise householder (gṛhastha). And for a Brahmin (vipra) who has fulfilled his obligations (kṛtakṛtya), residence in the forest (araṇya) is commended.
राजप्रैष्यं कृषिधनं जीवनं च वणिज्यया ।
कौटिल्यं कौलटेयं च कुसीदं च विवर्जयेत् ॥३॥
3. rājapraiṣyaṁ kṛṣidhanaṁ jīvanaṁ ca vaṇijyayā ,
kauṭilyaṁ kaulaṭeyaṁ ca kusīdaṁ ca vivarjayet.
3. rāja-praīṣyam kṛṣi-dhanam jīvanam ca vaṇijyayā
kauṭilyam kaulaṭeyam ca kusīdam ca vivarjayet
3. rāja-praīṣyam kṛṣi-dhanam ca vaṇijyayā jīvanam
kauṭilyam ca kaulaṭeyam ca kusīdam vivarjayet
3. One should avoid royal service, wealth from agriculture, and a livelihood (jīvanam) through trade; also deceit, profligacy, and usury.
शूद्रो राजन्भवति ब्रह्मबन्धुर्दुश्चारित्र्यो यश्च धर्मादपेतः ।
वृषलीपतिः पिशुनो नर्तकश्च ग्रामप्रैष्यो यश्च भवेद्विकर्मा ॥४॥
4. śūdro rājanbhavati brahmabandhu;rduścāritryo yaśca dharmādapetaḥ ,
vṛṣalīpatiḥ piśuno nartakaśca; grāmapraiṣyo yaśca bhavedvikarmā.
4. śūdraḥ rājan bhavati brahma-bandhuḥ
duś-cāritryaḥ yaḥ ca dharmāt apetaḥ
vṛṣalī-patiḥ piśunaḥ nartakaḥ ca
grāma-praīṣyaḥ yaḥ ca bhavet vi-karmā
4. rājan yaḥ brahma-bandhuḥ duś-cāritryaḥ
ca dharmāt apetaḥ saḥ śūdraḥ bhavati
ca yaḥ vṛṣalī-patiḥ piśunaḥ nartakaḥ
ca grāma-praīṣyaḥ ca vi-karmā bhavet
4. O King, he becomes a Śūdra who is merely a nominal Brahmin (brahmabandhu), whose conduct is bad, and who is devoid of his natural law (dharma). And whoever becomes the husband of a Śūdra woman (vṛṣalīpati), a slanderer, a dancer, or a village servant, and whoever performs prohibited actions (vikarma) - he also becomes a Śūdra.
जपन्वेदानजपंश्चापि राजन्समः शूद्रैर्दासवच्चापि भोज्यः ।
एते सर्वे शूद्रसमा भवन्ति राजन्नेतान्वर्जयेद्देवकृत्ये ॥५॥
5. japanvedānajapaṁścāpi rāja;nsamaḥ śūdrairdāsavaccāpi bhojyaḥ ,
ete sarve śūdrasamā bhavanti; rājannetānvarjayeddevakṛtye.
5. japan vedān ajapan ca api rājan
samaḥ śūtraiḥ dāsavat ca api
bhojyaḥ ete sarve śūdrasamā bhavanti
rājan etān varjayet devakṛtye
5. rājan! japan vedān api ajapan ca api,
śūtraiḥ samaḥ dāsavat ca api bhojyaḥ,
ete sarve śūdrasamā bhavanti.
rājan! devakṛtye etān varjayet.
5. O King, (a Brahmin) who, whether reciting the Vedas or not reciting them, is considered equal to Shudras, and fit to be fed like a slave – all such individuals become equal to Shudras. O King, one should avoid these (Brahmins) in sacred rites.
निर्मर्यादे चाशने क्रूरवृत्तौ हिंसात्मके त्यक्तधर्मस्ववृत्ते ।
हव्यं कव्यं यानि चान्यानि राजन्देयान्यदेयानि भवन्ति तस्मिन् ॥६॥
6. nirmaryāde cāśane krūravṛttau; hiṁsātmake tyaktadharmasvavṛtte ,
havyaṁ kavyaṁ yāni cānyāni rāja;ndeyānyadeyāni bhavanti tasmin.
6. nirmaryāde ca aśane krūravṛttau
hiṃsātmake tyaktadharmasvavṛtte
havyaṃ kavyaṃ yāni ca anyāni rājan
deyāni adeyāni bhavanti tasmin
6. rājan! nirmaryāde aśane,
krūravṛttau,
hiṃsātmake,
tyaktadharmasvavṛtte ca tasmin,
havyaṃ kavyaṃ ca yāni anyāni deyāni adeyāni bhavanti.
6. O King, for such a person - who is unrestrained in eating, of cruel disposition, violent, and has abandoned their own intrinsic nature (dharma) - offerings meant for gods (havya), those for ancestors (kavya), and any other donations, become both worthy and unworthy of being given.
तस्माद्धर्मो विहितो ब्राह्मणस्य दमः शौचं चार्जवं चापि राजन् ।
तथा विप्रस्याश्रमाः सर्व एव पुरा राजन्ब्रह्मणा वै निसृष्टाः ॥७॥
7. tasmāddharmo vihito brāhmaṇasya; damaḥ śaucaṁ cārjavaṁ cāpi rājan ,
tathā viprasyāśramāḥ sarva eva; purā rājanbrahmaṇā vai nisṛṣṭāḥ.
7. tasmāt dharmaḥ vihitaḥ brāhmaṇasya
damaḥ śaucam ca ārjavam ca api
rājan tathā viprasya āśramāḥ sarve
eva purā rājan brahmaṇā vai nisṛṣṭāḥ
7. tasmāt,
rājan! brāhmaṇasya dharmaḥ damaḥ śaucam ca ārjavam ca api vihitaḥ.
tathā,
rājan! viprasya sarve eva āśramāḥ purā brahmaṇā vai nisṛṣṭāḥ.
7. Therefore, O King, the natural law (dharma) prescribed for a Brahmin is self-control, purity, and straightforwardness. Similarly, O King, all the stages of life (āśramas) for a Brahmin were indeed ordained by Brahmā in ancient times.
यः स्याद्दान्तः सोमप आर्यशीलः सानुक्रोशः सर्वसहो निराशीः ।
ऋजुर्मृदुरनृशंसः क्षमावान्स वै विप्रो नेतरः पापकर्मा ॥८॥
8. yaḥ syāddāntaḥ somapa āryaśīlaḥ; sānukrośaḥ sarvasaho nirāśīḥ ,
ṛjurmṛduranṛśaṁsaḥ kṣamāvā;nsa vai vipro netaraḥ pāpakarmā.
8. yaḥ syāt dāntaḥ somapaḥ āryaśīlaḥ
sānukrośaḥ sarvasahaḥ nirāśīḥ
ṛjuḥ mṛduḥ anṛśaṃsaḥ kṣamāvān
sa vai vipraḥ na itaraḥ pāpakarmā
8. yaḥ dāntaḥ somapaḥ āryaśīlaḥ sānukrośaḥ sarvasahaḥ nirāśīḥ ṛjuḥ mṛduḥ anṛśaṃsaḥ kṣamāvān syāt,
sa vai vipraḥ.
itaraḥ pāpakarmā na.
8. The one who is self-controlled, a Soma-drinker, of noble character, compassionate, enduring of all things, free from desires, straightforward, gentle, not cruel, and patient – that person is indeed a Brahmin (vipra), and no other who performs sinful actions.
शूद्रं वैश्यं राजपुत्रं च राजँल्लोकाः सर्वे संश्रिता धर्मकामाः ।
तस्माद्वर्णाञ्जातिधर्मेषु सक्तान्मत्वा विष्णुर्नेच्छति पाण्डुपुत्र ॥९॥
9. śūdraṁ vaiśyaṁ rājaputraṁ ca rājaँ;llokāḥ sarve saṁśritā dharmakāmāḥ ,
tasmādvarṇāñjātidharmeṣu saktā;nmatvā viṣṇurnecchati pāṇḍuputra.
9. śūdraṃ vaiśyaṃ rājaputraṃ ca rājan
lokāḥ sarve saṃśritāḥ dharmakāmāḥ
tasmāt varṇān jātidharmeṣu saktān
matvā viṣṇuḥ na icchati pāṇḍuputra
9. rājan pāṇḍuputra sarve lokāḥ
dharmakāmāḥ śūdraṃ vaiśyaṃ rājaputraṃ ca
saṃśritāḥ tasmāt jātidharmeṣu
saktān varṇān matvā viṣṇuḥ na icchati
9. O King, O son of Pāṇḍu, all people who desire natural law (dharma) rely on the Śūdra, the Vaiśya, and the prince. Therefore, considering these social classes (varṇas) engaged in their intrinsic duties (dharma) based on their birth, Vishnu does not wish for their destruction.
लोके चेदं सर्वलोकस्य न स्याच्चातुर्वर्ण्यं वेदवादाश्च न स्युः ।
सर्वाश्चेज्याः सर्वलोकक्रियाश्च सद्यः सर्वे चाश्रमस्था न वै स्युः ॥१०॥
10. loke cedaṁ sarvalokasya na syā;ccāturvarṇyaṁ vedavādāśca na syuḥ ,
sarvāścejyāḥ sarvalokakriyāśca; sadyaḥ sarve cāśramasthā na vai syuḥ.
10. loke ca idaṃ sarvalokasya na syāt
cāturvarṇyaṃ vedavādāḥ ca na syuḥ
sarvāḥ ca ijyāḥ sarvalokakriyāḥ ca
sadyaḥ sarve ca āśramasthāḥ na vai syuḥ
10. ca cet idaṃ cāturvarṇyaṃ sarvalokasya
loke na syāt vedavādāḥ ca na syuḥ
sarvāḥ ijyāḥ ca sarvalokakriyāḥ ca
vai ca sarve āśramasthāḥ sadyaḥ na syuḥ
10. And if this system of the four social classes (cāturvarṇya) did not exist in the world for all people, then neither the Vedic injunctions, nor all forms of worship, nor all human activities would exist. Indeed, all those who abide in the stages of life (āśramas) would immediately cease to be.
यश्च त्रयाणां वर्णानामिच्छेदाश्रमसेवनम् ।
कर्तुमाश्रमदृष्टांश्च धर्मांस्ताञ्शृणु पाण्डव ॥११॥
11. yaśca trayāṇāṁ varṇānāmicchedāśramasevanam ,
kartumāśramadṛṣṭāṁśca dharmāṁstāñśṛṇu pāṇḍava.
11. yaḥ ca trayāṇāṃ varṇānām icchet āśramasevanam
kartum āśramadṛṣṭān ca dharmān tān śṛṇu pāṇḍava
11. ca pāṇḍava yaḥ trayāṇāṃ varṇānām āśramasevanam
ca āśramadṛṣṭān tān dharmān kartum icchet śṛṇu
11. And O son of Pāṇḍu, whoever desires to undertake the observance of the stages of life (āśramas) and the intrinsic duties (dharma) prescribed for them among the three social classes - listen to those (duties).
शुश्रूषाकृतकृत्यस्य कृतसंतानकर्मणः ।
अभ्यनुज्ञाप्य राजानं शूद्रस्य जगतीपते ॥१२॥
12. śuśrūṣākṛtakṛtyasya kṛtasaṁtānakarmaṇaḥ ,
abhyanujñāpya rājānaṁ śūdrasya jagatīpate.
12. śuśrūṣākṛtakṛtyasya kṛtasaṃtānakarmaṇaḥ
abhyanujñāpya rājānaṃ śūdrasya jagatīpate
12. jagatīpate śūdrasya śuśrūṣākṛtakṛtyasya
kṛtasaṃtānakarmaṇaḥ rājānaṃ abhyanujñāpya
12. O protector of the earth (jagatīpate), concerning the Śūdra who has fulfilled his duties of service (śuśrūṣā) and completed his procreative and familial duties (karma), after obtaining permission from the king.
अल्पान्तरगतस्यापि दशधर्मगतस्य वा ।
आश्रमा विहिताः सर्वे वर्जयित्वा निराशिषम् ॥१३॥
13. alpāntaragatasyāpi daśadharmagatasya vā ,
āśramā vihitāḥ sarve varjayitvā nirāśiṣam.
13. alpāntaragtasya api daśadharmagatasya vā
āśramāḥ vihitāḥ sarve varjayitvā nirāśiṣam
13. nirāśiṣam varjayitvā alpāntaragtasya api
vā daśadharmagatasya sarve āśramāḥ vihitāḥ
13. All the stages of life (āśrama) are prescribed even for one who has spent only a short period (in a stage), or one who has attained the ten virtues (dharma), with the exception of one who is entirely without desires.
भैक्षचर्यां न तु प्राहुस्तस्य तद्धर्मचारिणः ।
तथा वैश्यस्य राजेन्द्र राजपुत्रस्य चैव हि ॥१४॥
14. bhaikṣacaryāṁ na tu prāhustasya taddharmacāriṇaḥ ,
tathā vaiśyasya rājendra rājaputrasya caiva hi.
14. bhaikṣacaryām na tu prāhuḥ tasya taddharmacāriṇaḥ
tathā vaiśyasya rājendra rājaputrasya ca eva hi
14. rājendra,
tu taddharmacāriṇaḥ tasya bhaikṣacaryām na prāhuḥ; tathā vaiśyasya ca eva hi rājaputrasya (prāhuḥ na)
14. However, they do not prescribe the practice of begging (bhaikṣacaryā) for such a person who upholds his specific natural law (dharma); similarly, O king of kings, this applies to a Vaiśya and indeed to a prince.
कृतकृत्यो वयोतीतो राज्ञः कृतपरिश्रमः ।
वैश्यो गच्छेदनुज्ञातो नृपेणाश्रममण्डलम् ॥१५॥
15. kṛtakṛtyo vayotīto rājñaḥ kṛtapariśramaḥ ,
vaiśyo gacchedanujñāto nṛpeṇāśramamaṇḍalam.
15. kṛtakṛtyaḥ vayoatītaḥ rājñaḥ kṛtapariśramaḥ
vaiśyaḥ gacchet anujñātaḥ nṛpeṇa āśramamaṇḍalam
15. kṛtakṛtyaḥ vayoatītaḥ rājñaḥ kṛtapariśramaḥ
vaiśyaḥ nṛpeṇa anujñātaḥ āśramamaṇḍalam gacchet
15. A Vaiśya, who has accomplished his tasks, passed his (active) age, and exerted effort for the king, should, with the king's permission, enter the realm of the stages of life (āśrama).
वेदानधीत्य धर्मेण राजशास्त्राणि चानघ ।
संतानादीनि कर्माणि कृत्वा सोमं निषेव्य च ॥१६॥
16. vedānadhītya dharmeṇa rājaśāstrāṇi cānagha ,
saṁtānādīni karmāṇi kṛtvā somaṁ niṣevya ca.
16. vedān adhītya dharmeṇa rājaśāstrāṇi ca anagha
santānādīni karmāṇi kṛtvā somam niṣevya ca
16. anagha,
dharmeṇa vedān ca rājaśāstrāṇi adhītya,
santānādīni karmāṇi kṛtvā ca somam niṣevya
16. Having thoroughly studied the Vedas in accordance with the principles of natural law (dharma), O sinless one, and also the royal sciences, having performed duties such as those related to progeny, and having partaken of Soma (drink)...
पालयित्वा प्रजाः सर्वा धर्मेण वदतां वर ।
राजसूयाश्वमेधादीन्मखानन्यांस्तथैव च ॥१७॥
17. pālayitvā prajāḥ sarvā dharmeṇa vadatāṁ vara ,
rājasūyāśvamedhādīnmakhānanyāṁstathaiva ca.
17. pālayitvā prajāḥ sarvāḥ dharmeṇa vadatām vara
rājasūya-aśvamedha-ādīn makhān anyān tathā eva ca
17. vadataṃ vara sarvāḥ prajāḥ dharmeṇa pālayitvā
rājasūya-aśvamedha-ādīn anyān makhān tathā eva ca
17. O best of speakers, having protected all subjects according to natural law (dharma), and having performed the Rājasūya, Aśvamedha, and other such sacrifices...
समानीय यथापाठं विप्रेभ्यो दत्तदक्षिणः ।
संग्रामे विजयं प्राप्य तथाल्पं यदि वा बहु ॥१८॥
18. samānīya yathāpāṭhaṁ viprebhyo dattadakṣiṇaḥ ,
saṁgrāme vijayaṁ prāpya tathālpaṁ yadi vā bahu.
18. samānīya yathāpāṭham viprebhyaḥ datta-dakṣiṇaḥ
saṃgrāme vijayam prāpya tathā alpam yadi vā bahu
18. yathāpāṭham samānīya viprebhyaḥ datta-dakṣiṇaḥ
saṃgrāme alpam vā bahu vijayam prāpya tathā
18. having gathered (resources) as prescribed and having given donations to the Brahmins; having achieved victory in battle, whether minor or major...
स्थापयित्वा प्रजापालं पुत्रं राज्ये च पाण्डव ।
अन्यगोत्रं प्रशस्तं वा क्षत्रियं क्षत्रियर्षभ ॥१९॥
19. sthāpayitvā prajāpālaṁ putraṁ rājye ca pāṇḍava ,
anyagotraṁ praśastaṁ vā kṣatriyaṁ kṣatriyarṣabha.
19. sthāpayitvā prajāpālam putram rājye ca pāṇḍava
anya-gotram praśastam vā kṣatriyam kṣatriya-ṛṣabha
19. pāṇḍava kṣatriya-ṛṣabha rājye putram prajāpālam
vā anya-gotram praśastam kṣatriyam ca sthāpayitvā
19. And O Pāṇḍava, O best of warriors (kṣatriyas), having established a son, or an excellent warrior (kṣatriya) from another family (gotra), as ruler in the kingdom...
अर्चयित्वा पितॄन्सम्यक्पितृयज्ञैर्यथाविधि ।
देवान्यज्ञैरृषीन्वेदैरर्चित्वा चैव यत्नतः ॥२०॥
20. arcayitvā pitṝnsamyakpitṛyajñairyathāvidhi ,
devānyajñairṛṣīnvedairarcitvā caiva yatnataḥ.
20. arcayitvā pitṝn samyak pitṛ-yajñaiḥ yathāvidhi
devān yajñaiḥ ṛṣīn vedaiḥ arcayitvā ca eva yatnataḥ
20. pitṝn samyak yathāvidhi pitṛ-yajñaiḥ arcayitvā
devān yajñaiḥ ṛṣīn vedaiḥ ca eva yatnataḥ arcayitvā
20. having properly worshipped the ancestors with ancestral rites (pitṛyajñas), and having diligently worshipped the gods with sacrifices (yajñas) and the sages with (recitations of) the Vedas...
अन्तकाले च संप्राप्ते य इच्छेदाश्रमान्तरम् ।
आनुपूर्व्याश्रमान्राजन्गत्वा सिद्धिमवाप्नुयात् ॥२१॥
21. antakāle ca saṁprāpte ya icchedāśramāntaram ,
ānupūrvyāśramānrājangatvā siddhimavāpnuyāt.
21. antakāle ca samprāpte yaḥ icchet āśramāntaram
ānupūrvyāśramān rājan gatvā siddhim avāpnuyāt
21. rājan antakāle ca samprāpte yaḥ āśramāntaram
icchet ānupūrvyāśramān gatvā siddhim avāpnuyāt
21. O king, when the final hour (antakāla) arrives, whoever desires to enter another stage of life (āśrama) will attain spiritual perfection (siddhi) by having successively followed the stages of life (āśramas).
राजर्षित्वेन राजेन्द्र भैक्षचर्याध्वसेवया ।
अपेतगृहधर्मोऽपि चरेज्जीवितकाम्यया ॥२२॥
22. rājarṣitvena rājendra bhaikṣacaryādhvasevayā ,
apetagṛhadharmo'pi carejjīvitakāmyayā.
22. rājarṣitvena rājendra bhaikṣacaryādhvasevayā
apetagṛhadharmaḥ api caret jīvitakāmyayā
22. rājendra apetagṛhadharmaḥ api rājarṣitvena
bhaikṣacaryādhvasevayā jīvitakāmyayā caret
22. O king of kings, even a royal sage (rājarṣi) who has renounced household duties should sustain himself by following the practice of begging for alms, out of a desire for continued life.
न चैतन्नैष्ठिकं कर्म त्रयाणां भरतर्षभ ।
चतुर्णां राजशार्दूल प्राहुराश्रमवासिनाम् ॥२३॥
23. na caitannaiṣṭhikaṁ karma trayāṇāṁ bharatarṣabha ,
caturṇāṁ rājaśārdūla prāhurāśramavāsinām.
23. na ca etat naiṣṭhikam karma trayāṇām bharatarṣabha
caturṇām rājaśārdūla prāhuḥ āśramavāsinām
23. bharatarṣabha rājaśārdūla ca etat naiṣṭhikam
karma trayāṇām caturṇām āśramavāsinām na prāhuḥ
23. O best of Bharatas, O tiger among kings, they declare that this (practice described in the previous verse) is not a permanent (naiṣṭhika) duty (karma) for the inhabitants of the three or (even) four stages of life (āśramas).
बह्वायत्तं क्षत्रियैर्मानवानां लोकश्रेष्ठं धर्ममासेवमानैः ।
सर्वे धर्माः सोपधर्मास्त्रयाणां राज्ञो धर्मादिति वेदाच्छृणोमि ॥२४॥
24. bahvāyattaṁ kṣatriyairmānavānāṁ; lokaśreṣṭhaṁ dharmamāsevamānaiḥ ,
sarve dharmāḥ sopadharmāstrayāṇāṁ; rājño dharmāditi vedācchṛṇomi.
24. bahvāyattam kṣatriyaiḥ mānavānām
lokaśreṣṭham dharmam āsevamānaiḥ
sarve dharmāḥ sopadharmāḥ trayāṇām
rājñaḥ dharmāt iti vedāt śṛṇomi
24. aham vedāt iti śṛṇomi yat mānavānām
lokaśreṣṭham dharmam kṣatriyaiḥ
āsevamānaiḥ bahvāyattam rājñaḥ dharmāt
trayāṇām sarve dharmāḥ sopadharmāḥ
24. I hear from the Veda that all natural laws (dharmas), including their subsidiary duties (upadharmas), for the three (social classes), are derived from the king's natural law (dharma). This king's natural law (dharma) is the supreme natural law for humankind, is upheld by Kṣatriyas, and is dependent on many factors.
यथा राजन्हस्तिपदे पदानि संलीयन्ते सर्वसत्त्वोद्भवानि ।
एवं धर्मान्राजधर्मेषु सर्वान्सर्वावस्थं संप्रलीनान्निबोध ॥२५॥
25. yathā rājanhastipade padāni; saṁlīyante sarvasattvodbhavāni ,
evaṁ dharmānrājadharmeṣu sarvā;nsarvāvasthaṁ saṁpralīnānnibodha.
25. yathā rājan hastipade padāni
saṃlīyante sarvasattvodbhavāni evam
dharmān rājadharmeṣu sarvān
sarvāvastham saṃpralīnān nibodha
25. Just as, O king, all the footprints originating from various living beings are subsumed within the footprint of an elephant, so too should you understand that all duties (dharma) in all circumstances are entirely contained within the royal duties (rājadharma).
अल्पाश्रयानल्पफलान्वदन्ति धर्मानन्यान्धर्मविदो मनुष्याः ।
महाश्रयं बहुकल्याणरूपं क्षात्रं धर्मं नेतरं प्राहुरार्याः ॥२६॥
26. alpāśrayānalpaphalānvadanti; dharmānanyāndharmavido manuṣyāḥ ,
mahāśrayaṁ bahukalyāṇarūpaṁ; kṣātraṁ dharmaṁ netaraṁ prāhurāryāḥ.
26. alpāśrayān alpaphalān vadanti
dharmān anyān dharmavidaḥ manuṣyāḥ
mahāśrayam bahukalyāṇarūpam kṣātram
dharmam na itaram pra āhuḥ āryāḥ
26. People who understand (dharma) declare other duties (dharma) to have little foundation and to yield meager results. However, noble persons assert that the duty of a warrior (kṣātra dharma) has a vast foundation and embodies many auspicious forms of welfare, and is not any other (duty).
सर्वे धर्मा राजधर्मप्रधानाः सर्वे धर्माः पाल्यमाना भवन्ति ।
सर्वत्यागो राजधर्मेषु राजंस्त्यागे चाहुर्धर्ममग्र्यं पुराणम् ॥२७॥
27. sarve dharmā rājadharmapradhānāḥ; sarve dharmāḥ pālyamānā bhavanti ,
sarvatyāgo rājadharmeṣu rājaṁ;styāge cāhurdharmamagryaṁ purāṇam.
27. sarve dharmāḥ rājadharmapradhānāḥ
sarve dharmāḥ pālyamānāḥ bhavanti
sarvatyāgaḥ rājadharmeṣu rājan
tyāge ca āhuḥ dharmam agryam purāṇam
27. All duties (dharma) are foremost among royal duties (rājadharma); all duties are sustained when protected. O king, the complete renunciation (sarvatyāga) (of personal interest) is characteristic of royal duties (rājadharma), and they declare this renunciation (tyāga) to be the foremost and ancient (dharma).
मज्जेत्त्रयी दण्डनीतौ हतायां सर्वे धर्मा न भवेयुर्विरुद्धाः ।
सर्वे धर्माश्चाश्रमाणां गताः स्युः क्षात्रे त्यक्ते राजधर्मे पुराणे ॥२८॥
28. majjettrayī daṇḍanītau hatāyāṁ; sarve dharmā na bhaveyurviruddhāḥ ,
sarve dharmāścāśramāṇāṁ gatāḥ syuḥ; kṣātre tyakte rājadharme purāṇe.
28. majjet trayī daṇḍanītau hatāyām
sarve dharmāḥ na bhaveyuḥ viruddhāḥ
sarve dharmāḥ ca āśramāṇām gatāḥ
syuḥ kṣātre tyakte rājadharme purāṇe
28. The three Vedas (trayī) would perish if the science of governance (daṇḍanīti) were abolished. All other duties (dharma) would become conflicted, and all the duties (dharma) of the various stages of life (āśrama) would vanish, if the ancient royal duty (rājadharma) of a warrior (kṣātra dharma) were abandoned.
सर्वे त्यागा राजधर्मेषु दृष्टाः सर्वा दीक्षा राजधर्मेषु चोक्ताः ।
सर्वे योगा राजधर्मेषु चोक्ताः सर्वे लोका राजधर्मान्प्रविष्टाः ॥२९॥
29. sarve tyāgā rājadharmeṣu dṛṣṭāḥ; sarvā dīkṣā rājadharmeṣu coktāḥ ,
sarve yogā rājadharmeṣu coktāḥ; sarve lokā rājadharmānpraviṣṭāḥ.
29. sarve tyāgāḥ rājadharmeṣu dṛṣṭāḥ
sarvā dīkṣā rājadharmeṣu ca uktāḥ
sarve yogāḥ rājadharmeṣu ca uktāḥ
sarve lokāḥ rājadharman praviṣṭāḥ
29. sarve tyāgāḥ rājadharmeṣu dṛṣṭāḥ
sarvā dīkṣā ca rājadharmeṣu uktāḥ
sarve yogāḥ ca rājadharmeṣu uktāḥ
sarve lokāḥ rājadharman praviṣṭāḥ
29. All renunciations are observed within the natural law (dharma) governing kings. All consecrations are declared within the natural law (dharma) governing kings. All spiritual disciplines (yoga) are also declared within the natural law (dharma) governing kings. All realms are encompassed within the natural law (dharma) governing kings.
यथा जीवाः प्रकृतौ वध्यमाना धर्माश्रितानामुपपीडनाय ।
एवं धर्मा राजधर्मैर्वियुक्ताः सर्वावस्थं नाद्रियन्ते स्वधर्मम् ॥३०॥
30. yathā jīvāḥ prakṛtau vadhyamānā; dharmāśritānāmupapīḍanāya ,
evaṁ dharmā rājadharmairviyuktāḥ; sarvāvasthaṁ nādriyante svadharmam.
30. yathā jīvāḥ prakṛtau vadhyamānāḥ
dharmāśritānām upapīḍanāya evam
dharmāḥ rājadharmaiḥ viyukṭāḥ
sarvāvastham na ādriyante svadharmam
30. yathā prakṛtau vadhyamānāḥ jīvāḥ
dharmāśritānām upapīḍanāya evam
rājadharmaiḥ viyukṭāḥ dharmāḥ
sarvāvastham svadharmam na ādriyante
30. Just as living beings, when entangled in material nature (prakṛti), cause suffering to those who adhere to natural law (dharma), so too, natural laws (dharma) that are separated from the royal constitution (rājadharma) do not uphold their own intrinsic nature (svadharma) in any circumstance.