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महाभारतः       mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-194

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युधिष्ठिर उवाच ।
किं फलं ज्ञानयोगस्य वेदानां नियमस्य च ।
भूतात्मा वा कथं ज्ञेयस्तन्मे ब्रूहि पितामह ॥१॥
1. yudhiṣṭhira uvāca ,
kiṁ phalaṁ jñānayogasya vedānāṁ niyamasya ca ,
bhūtātmā vā kathaṁ jñeyastanme brūhi pitāmaha.
1. yudhiṣṭhiraḥ uvāca kim phalam jñānayogasya vedānām
niyamasya ca bhūtātmā vā katham jñeyaḥ tat me brūhi pitāmaha
1. yudhiṣṭhiraḥ uvāca pitāmaha
jñānayogasya phalam kim vedānām
niyamasya ca phalam kim vā
bhūtātmā katham jñeyaḥ tat me brūhi
1. Yudhishthira said: What is the fruit of the spiritual discipline of knowledge (jñānayoga) and of the Vedic injunctions? Or how is the individual self (bhūtātman) to be known? Please tell me that, O Grandfather.
भीष्म उवाच ।
अत्राप्युदाहरन्तीममितिहासं पुरातनम् ।
मनोः प्रजापतेर्वादं महर्षेश्च बृहस्पतेः ॥२॥
2. bhīṣma uvāca ,
atrāpyudāharantīmamitihāsaṁ purātanam ,
manoḥ prajāpatervādaṁ maharṣeśca bṛhaspateḥ.
2. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca atra api udāharanti imam itihāsam
purātanam manoḥ prajāpateḥ vādam maharṣeḥ ca bṛhaspateḥ
2. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca atra api imam purātanam itihāsam manoḥ
prajāpateḥ ca maharṣeḥ bṛhaspateḥ vādam udāharanti
2. Bhishma said: Regarding this, they narrate this ancient story, the discussion between Manu, the lord of creation (Prajāpati), and the great sage Brihaspati.
प्रजापतिं श्रेष्ठतमं पृथिव्यां देवर्षिसंघप्रवरो महर्षिः ।
बृहस्पतिः प्रश्नमिमं पुराणं पप्रच्छ शिष्योऽथ गुरुं प्रणम्य ॥३॥
3. prajāpatiṁ śreṣṭhatamaṁ pṛthivyāṁ; devarṣisaṁghapravaro maharṣiḥ ,
bṛhaspatiḥ praśnamimaṁ purāṇaṁ; papraccha śiṣyo'tha guruṁ praṇamya.
3. prajāpatim śreṣṭhatamam pṛthivyām
devarṣisaṃghapravaraḥ maharṣiḥ
bṛhaspatiḥ praśnam imam purāṇam
papraccha śiṣyaḥ atha gurum praṇamya
3. atha śiṣyaḥ bṛhaspatiḥ guruṃ praṇamya
devarṣisaṃghapravaraḥ maharṣiḥ
pṛthivyām śreṣṭhatamam prajāpatim
imam purāṇam praśnam papraccha
3. Having bowed down to his guru (teacher), the disciple Brihaspati, who was the great sage and foremost among the assembly of divine sages (devarṣis), then asked Prajāpati—the most excellent being on earth—this ancient question.
यत्कारणं मन्त्रविधिः प्रवृत्तो ज्ञाने फलं यत्प्रवदन्ति विप्राः ।
यन्मन्त्रशब्दैरकृतप्रकाशं तदुच्यतां मे भगवन्यथावत् ॥४॥
4. yatkāraṇaṁ mantravidhiḥ pravṛtto; jñāne phalaṁ yatpravadanti viprāḥ ,
yanmantraśabdairakṛtaprakāśaṁ; taducyatāṁ me bhagavanyathāvat.
4. yat kāraṇam mantravidhiḥ pravṛttaḥ
jñāne phalam yat pravadanti viprāḥ
yat mantraśabdaiḥ akṛtaprakāśam
tat ucyatām me bhagavan yathāvat
4. bhagavan me yathāvat tat ucyatām,
yat kāraṇam mantravidhiḥ pravṛttaḥ,
yat viprāḥ jñāne phalam pravadanti,
yat mantraśabdaiḥ akṛtaprakāśam
4. O Venerable One (Bhagavan), please explain to me accurately: What is the purpose for which the prescribed ritual of sacred formulas (mantra) is performed? What result (phalam) do the wise (viprāḥ) declare to be achieved through knowledge? And what is that which remains unrevealed by the words of sacred formulas (mantra)?
यदर्थशास्त्रागममन्त्रविद्भिर्यज्ञैरनेकैर्वरगोप्रदानैः ।
फलं महद्भिर्यदुपास्यते च तत्किं कथं वा भविता क्व वा तत् ॥५॥
5. yadarthaśāstrāgamamantravidbhi;ryajñairanekairvaragopradānaiḥ ,
phalaṁ mahadbhiryadupāsyate ca; tatkiṁ kathaṁ vā bhavitā kva vā tat.
5. yat arthaśāstrāgamamantravidbhiḥ
yajñaiḥ anekaiḥ varagopradānaiḥ
phalam mahadbhiḥ yat upāsyate ca
tat kim katham vā bhavitā kva vā tat
5. yat arthaśāstrāgamamantravidbhiḥ anekaiḥ yajñaiḥ varagopradānaiḥ ca mahadbhiḥ phalam yat upāsyate,
tat kim vā katham bhavitā vā kva tat?
5. What is that great result (phalam) that is sought and attained by those who are knowledgeable in treatises on material welfare (arthaśāstra), traditional doctrines (āgama), and sacred formulas (mantra), and by means of numerous sacrificial rites (yajña) and the offering of excellent cows? What is its nature, how will it come to be, and where is it located?
मही महीजाः पवनोऽन्तरिक्षं जलौकसश्चैव जलं दिवं च ।
दिवौकसश्चैव यतः प्रसूतास्तदुच्यतां मे भगवन्पुराणम् ॥६॥
6. mahī mahījāḥ pavano'ntarikṣaṁ; jalaukasaścaiva jalaṁ divaṁ ca ,
divaukasaścaiva yataḥ prasūtā;staducyatāṁ me bhagavanpurāṇam.
6. mahī mahī-jāḥ pavanaḥ antarikṣam
jala-okasaḥ ca eva jalam divam ca
| diva-okasaḥ ca eva yataḥ prasūtāḥ
tat ucyatām me bhagavan purāṇam
6. bhagavan me tat purāṇam ucyatām yataḥ mahī,
mahī-jāḥ,
pavanaḥ,
antarikṣam,
jalam,
jala-okasaḥ ca eva,
divam ca,
diva-okasaḥ ca eva prasūtāḥ (iti).
6. O Venerable One (Bhagavan), please tell me about that ancient (Purāṇa) source from which the earth, mountains (born of earth), wind, atmosphere, aquatic beings, water, and the sky, as well as the celestial inhabitants, have all originated.
ज्ञानं यतः प्रार्थयते नरो वै ततस्तदर्था भवति प्रवृत्तिः ।
न चाप्यहं वेद परं पुराणं मिथ्याप्रवृत्तिं च कथं नु कुर्याम् ॥७॥
7. jñānaṁ yataḥ prārthayate naro vai; tatastadarthā bhavati pravṛttiḥ ,
na cāpyahaṁ veda paraṁ purāṇaṁ; mithyāpravṛttiṁ ca kathaṁ nu kuryām.
7. jñānam yataḥ prārthayate naraḥ vai
tataḥ tat-arthā bhavati pravṛttiḥ |
na ca api aham veda param purāṇam
mithyā-pravṛttim ca katham nu kuryām
7. vai naraḥ yataḥ jñānam prārthayate,
tataḥ pravṛttiḥ tat-arthā bhavati.
ca aham param purāṇam na api veda,
nu katham mithyā-pravṛttim ca kuryām?
7. Indeed, a person seeks knowledge (jñāna) from a particular source, and therefore their activity (pravṛtti) is directed towards that very purpose. Since I do not know the supreme (ancient truth (Purāṇa)), how can I possibly engage in a misguided action?
ऋक्सामसंघांश्च यजूंषि चाहं छन्दांसि नक्षत्रगतिं निरुक्तम् ।
अधीत्य च व्याकरणं सकल्पं शिक्षां च भूतप्रकृतिं न वेद्मि ॥८॥
8. ṛksāmasaṁghāṁśca yajūṁṣi cāhaṁ; chandāṁsi nakṣatragatiṁ niruktam ,
adhītya ca vyākaraṇaṁ sakalpaṁ; śikṣāṁ ca bhūtaprakṛtiṁ na vedmi.
8. ṛk-sāma-saṅghān ca yajūṃṣi ca aham
chandāṃsi nakṣatra-gatim niruktam
| adhītya ca vyākaraṇam sa-kalpam
śikṣām ca bhūta-prakṛtim na vedmi
8. aham ṛk-sāma-saṅghān ca yajūṃṣi ca chandāṃsi,
nakṣatra-gatim,
niruktam,
sa-kalpam vyākaraṇam ca śikṣām ca adhītya api,
bhūta-prakṛtim na vedmi.
8. I have studied the collections of Ṛk and Sāma Vedas, as well as the Yajus, the Vedic meters (chandas), the movements of the stars, Nirukta, and also grammar (vyākaraṇa) along with Kalpa and phonetics (śikṣā), yet I still do not understand the fundamental nature (prakṛti) of beings (bhūta).
स मे भवाञ्शंसतु सर्वमेतज्ज्ञाने फलं कर्मणि वा यदस्ति ।
यथा च देहाच्च्यवते शरीरी पुनः शरीरं च यथाभ्युपैति ॥९॥
9. sa me bhavāñśaṁsatu sarvameta;jjñāne phalaṁ karmaṇi vā yadasti ,
yathā ca dehāccyavate śarīrī; punaḥ śarīraṁ ca yathābhyupaiti.
9. sa me bhavān śaṃsatu sarvam etat
jñāne phalam karmaṇi vā yat asti
| yathā ca dehāt cyavate śarīrī
punaḥ śarīram ca yathā abhyupaiti
9. sa bhavān me etat sarvam śaṃsatu jñāne vā karmaṇi yat phalam asti ca,
yathā śarīrī dehāt cyavate ca,
yathā punaḥ śarīram abhyupaiti (iti).
9. May that venerable one (Bhagavān) explain all this to me: what result (phala) there is in knowledge (jñāna) or in action (karma), and how the embodied soul (śarīrī) departs from the body (deha), and how it again obtains a new body.
मनुरुवाच ।
यद्यत्प्रियं यस्य सुखं तदाहुस्तदेव दुःखं प्रवदन्त्यनिष्टम् ।
इष्टं च मे स्यादितरच्च न स्यादेतत्कृते कर्मविधिः प्रवृत्तः ।
इष्टं त्वनिष्टं च न मां भजेतेत्येतत्कृते ज्ञानविधिः प्रवृत्तः ॥१०॥
10. manuruvāca ,
yadyatpriyaṁ yasya sukhaṁ tadāhu;stadeva duḥkhaṁ pravadantyaniṣṭam ,
iṣṭaṁ ca me syāditaracca na syā;detatkṛte karmavidhiḥ pravṛttaḥ ,
iṣṭaṁ tvaniṣṭaṁ ca na māṁ bhajete;tyetatkṛte jñānavidhiḥ pravṛttaḥ.
10. manuḥ uvāca yat yat priyam yasya sukham tat āhuḥ tat eva
duḥkham pravadanti aniṣṭam iṣṭam ca me syāt itarat ca
na syāt etat kṛte karmavidhiḥ pravṛttaḥ iṣṭam tu aniṣṭam
ca na mām bhajete iti etat kṛte jñānavidhiḥ pravṛttaḥ
10. manuḥ uvāca yasya yat yat priyam tat sukham āhuḥ tat eva
aniṣṭam duḥkham pravadanti me iṣṭam ca syāt itarat ca na
syāt etat kṛte karmavidhiḥ pravṛttaḥ tu iṣṭam ca aniṣṭam
ca mām na bhajete iti etat kṛte jñānavidhiḥ pravṛttaḥ
10. Manu said: Whatever is dear to a person, that they call happiness; and that very thing, if undesired, they declare to be unhappiness. The rule of ritual action was established for the purpose that what is desired might be mine, and what is undesired might not be. However, the rule of knowledge was established so that neither what is desired nor what is undesired should affect me.
कामात्मकाश्छन्दसि कर्मयोगा एभिर्विमुक्तः परमश्नुवीत ।
नानाविधे कर्मपथे सुखार्थी नरः प्रवृत्तो न परं प्रयाति ।
परं हि तत्कर्मपथादपेतं निराशिषं ब्रह्मपरं ह्यवश्यम् ॥११॥
11. kāmātmakāśchandasi karmayogā; ebhirvimuktaḥ paramaśnuvīta ,
nānāvidhe karmapathe sukhārthī; naraḥ pravṛtto na paraṁ prayāti ,
paraṁ hi tatkarmapathādapetaṁ; nirāśiṣaṁ brahmaparaṁ hyavaśyam.
11. kāma-ātmakāḥ chandasi karmayogāḥ ebhiḥ vimuktaḥ
param aśnuvīta nānāvidhe karmapathe sukha-arthī
naraḥ pravṛttaḥ na param prayāti param hi tat
karmapathāt apetam nirāśiṣam brahmaparam hi avaśyam
11. kāma-ātmakāḥ chandasi karmayogāḥ (santi).
ebhiḥ vimuktaḥ (janaḥ) param aśnuvīta.
sukha-arthī naraḥ nānāvidhe karmapathe pravṛttaḥ (san) param na prayāti.
hi tat param karmapathāt apetam nirāśiṣam hi avaśyam brahmaparam (asti).
11. Those whose essence is desire (kāma) engage in actions (karmayoga) prescribed in the Vedic hymns. One who is liberated from these [desires or such actions] attains the supreme. A person, driven by a desire for happiness, who is engaged in various paths of action (karma), does not reach the supreme. For that supreme state is indeed free from the path of action, devoid of expectations, and certainly centered on Brahman (brahman).
प्रजाः सृष्टा मनसा कर्मणा च द्वावप्येतौ सत्पथौ लोकजुष्टौ ।
दृष्ट्वा कर्म शाश्वतं चान्तवच्च मनस्त्यागः कारणं नान्यदस्ति ॥१२॥
12. prajāḥ sṛṣṭā manasā karmaṇā ca; dvāvapyetau satpathau lokajuṣṭau ,
dṛṣṭvā karma śāśvataṁ cāntavacca; manastyāgaḥ kāraṇaṁ nānyadasti.
12. prajāḥ sṛṣṭāḥ manasā karmaṇā ca dvau
api etau satpathau lokajuṣṭau
dṛṣṭvā karma śāśvatam ca antavat ca
manas-tyāgaḥ kāraṇam na anyat asti
12. prajāḥ manasā ca karmaṇā sṛṣṭāḥ.
etau dvau api satpathau lokajuṣṭau (sthaḥ).
karma śāśvatam ca antavat ca dṛṣṭvā,
manas-tyāgaḥ kāraṇam.
anyat na asti.
12. Beings are created by both the mind and by (ritual) action (karma). Both these two are good paths and are favored by people. However, having observed that actions are perpetual yet their results are temporary, the renunciation of mental attachments (manas) is the (sole) cause (for liberation); there is no other.
स्वेनात्मना चक्षुरिव प्रणेता निशात्यये तमसा संवृतात्मा ।
ज्ञानं तु विज्ञानगुणेन युक्तं कर्माशुभं पश्यति वर्जनीयम् ॥१३॥
13. svenātmanā cakṣuriva praṇetā; niśātyaye tamasā saṁvṛtātmā ,
jñānaṁ tu vijñānaguṇena yuktaṁ; karmāśubhaṁ paśyati varjanīyam.
13. svena ātmanā cakṣuḥ iva praṇetā
niśā-atyaye tamasā saṃvṛta-ātmā
jñānam tu vijñāna-guṇena yuktam
karma aśubham paśyati varjanīyam
13. svena ātmanā (eva) cakṣuḥ iva praṇetā (bhavati); (kintu) niśā-atyaye tamasā saṃvṛta-ātmā (bhavati).
tu vijñāna-guṇena yuktam jñānam aśubham karma varjanīyam paśyati.
13. The self (ātman) guides by its own nature, much like an eye. Yet, at the end of night, the self (ātman) is enveloped by darkness. But knowledge (jñāna), endowed with the quality of discriminative wisdom (vijñāna), sees unwholesome action as something that must be avoided.
सर्पान्कुशाग्राणि तथोदपानं ज्ञात्वा मनुष्याः परिवर्जयन्ति ।
अज्ञानतस्तत्र पतन्ति मूढा ज्ञाने फलं पश्य यथा विशिष्टम् ॥१४॥
14. sarpānkuśāgrāṇi tathodapānaṁ; jñātvā manuṣyāḥ parivarjayanti ,
ajñānatastatra patanti mūḍhā; jñāne phalaṁ paśya yathā viśiṣṭam.
14. sarpān kuśāgrāṇi tathā udapānaṃ
jñātvā manuṣyāḥ parivarjayanti
ajñānatas tatra patanti mūḍhāḥ
jñāne phalaṃ paśya yathā viśiṣṭam
14. manuṣyāḥ sarpān kuśāgrāṇi tathā
udapānaṃ jñātvā parivarjayanti
mūḍhāḥ ajñānatas tatra patanti
yathā viśiṣṭam phalaṃ jñāne paśya
14. People, knowing about snakes, sharp kuśa grass tips, and wells, avoid them. But the deluded, out of ignorance, fall into them. Observe how distinct the outcome is when knowledge is present.
कृत्स्नस्तु मन्त्रो विधिवत्प्रयुक्तो यज्ञा यथोक्तास्त्वथ दक्षिणाश्च ।
अन्नप्रदानं मनसः समाधिः पञ्चात्मकं कर्मफलं वदन्ति ॥१५॥
15. kṛtsnastu mantro vidhivatprayukto; yajñā yathoktāstvatha dakṣiṇāśca ,
annapradānaṁ manasaḥ samādhiḥ; pañcātmakaṁ karmaphalaṁ vadanti.
15. kṛtsnaḥ tu mantraḥ vidhivat prayuktaḥ
yajñāḥ yathā uktāḥ tu atha
dakṣiṇāḥ ca annapradānaṃ manasaḥ samādhiḥ
pañcātmakaṃ karmaphalaṃ vadanti
15. vadanti: kṛtsnaḥ mantraḥ vidhivat
prayuktaḥ yathā uktāḥ yajñāḥ tu atha
dakṣiṇāḥ ca annapradānaṃ manasaḥ
samādhiḥ pañcātmakaṃ karmaphalaṃ
15. They declare that the entire sacred chant (mantra) properly applied, Vedic rituals (yajña) performed as prescribed, ritual fees, the giving of food, and the concentration (samādhi) of the mind constitute the five-fold result of action (karma).
गुणात्मकं कर्म वदन्ति वेदास्तस्मान्मन्त्रा मन्त्रमूलं हि कर्म ।
विधिर्विधेयं मनसोपपत्तिः फलस्य भोक्ता तु यथा शरीरी ॥१६॥
16. guṇātmakaṁ karma vadanti vedā;stasmānmantrā mantramūlaṁ hi karma ,
vidhirvidheyaṁ manasopapattiḥ; phalasya bhoktā tu yathā śarīrī.
16. guṇātmakaṃ karma vadanti vedāḥ
tasmāt mantrāḥ mantramūlaṃ hi karma
vidhiḥ vidheyaṃ manasaḥ upapattiḥ
phalasya bhoktā tu yathā śarīrī
16. vedāḥ guṇātmakaṃ karma vadanti
tasmāt mantrāḥ mantramūlaṃ hi karma
vidhiḥ manasaḥ upapattiḥ vidheyaṃ
ca tu yathā śarīrī phalasya bhoktā
16. The Vedas declare that action (karma) is essentially characterized by qualities (guṇas). Therefore, actions (karma) are indeed rooted in sacred chants (mantra). The injunction (vidhi) is that which should be performed (vidheya) with proper mental application (upapatti); and the experiencer of the result is indeed the embodied being, just as [it enjoys the fruit of its actions].
शब्दाश्च रूपाणि रसाश्च पुण्याः स्पर्शाश्च गन्धाश्च शुभास्तथैव ।
नरो नसंस्थानगतः प्रभुः स्यादेतत्फलं सिध्यति कर्मलोके ॥१७॥
17. śabdāśca rūpāṇi rasāśca puṇyāḥ; sparśāśca gandhāśca śubhāstathaiva ,
naro nasaṁsthānagataḥ prabhuḥ syā;detatphalaṁ sidhyati karmaloke.
17. śabdāḥ ca rūpāṇi rasāḥ ca puṇyāḥ
sparśāḥ ca gandhāḥ ca śubhāḥ tathā
eva naraḥ na saṃsthānagataḥ prabhuḥ
syāt etat phalaṃ sidhyati karmaloke
17. śabdāḥ ca rūpāṇi rasāḥ ca puṇyāḥ
sparśāḥ ca gandhāḥ ca śubhāḥ tathā
eva naraḥ na saṃsthānagataḥ prabhuḥ
syāt etat phalaṃ karmaloke sidhyati
17. Auspicious sounds, forms, tastes, touches, and smells, are thus indeed good. A person who is not bound by [these sensory] conditions should be their master. This outcome is achieved in the world of action (karma).
यद्यच्छरीरेण करोति कर्म शरीरयुक्तः समुपाश्नुते तत् ।
शरीरमेवायतनं सुखस्य दुःखस्य चाप्यायतनं शरीरम् ॥१८॥
18. yadyaccharīreṇa karoti karma; śarīrayuktaḥ samupāśnute tat ,
śarīramevāyatanaṁ sukhasya; duḥkhasya cāpyāyatanaṁ śarīram.
18. yadyat śarīreṇa karoti karma
śarīrayuktaḥ samupāśnute tat
śarīram eva āyatanam sukhasya
duḥkhasya ca api āyatanam śarīram
18. śarīrayuktaḥ yadyat śarīreṇa karma karoti,
tat samupāśnute.
śarīram eva sukhasya āyatanam,
ca api śarīram duḥkhasya āyatanam.
18. Whatever action (karma) an embodied being performs with their body, they fully experience the result of that (karma). The body indeed is the abode of happiness, and the body is also the abode of sorrow.
वाचा तु यत्कर्म करोति किंचिद्वाचैव सर्वं समुपाश्नुते तत् ।
मनस्तु यत्कर्म करोति किंचिन्मनःस्थ एवायमुपाश्नुते तत् ॥१९॥
19. vācā tu yatkarma karoti kiṁci;dvācaiva sarvaṁ samupāśnute tat ,
manastu yatkarma karoti kiṁci;nmanaḥstha evāyamupāśnute tat.
19. vācā tu yat karma karoti kiñcit
vācā eva sarvam samupāśnute tat
manaḥ tu yat karma karoti kiñcit
manaḥsthaḥ eva ayam upāśnute tat
19. tu yat kiñcit karma vācā karoti,
tat sarvam vācā eva samupāśnute.
tu yat kiñcit karma manaḥ karoti,
ayam manaḥsthaḥ eva tat upāśnute.
19. But whatever action (karma) one performs with speech, one experiences all of that (karma) through speech itself. And whatever action (karma) one performs with the mind, that individual, being rooted in the mind, experiences that (karma).
यथागुणं कर्मगणं फलार्थी करोत्ययं कर्मफले निविष्टः ।
तथा तथायं गुणसंप्रयुक्तः शुभाशुभं कर्मफलं भुनक्ति ॥२०॥
20. yathāguṇaṁ karmagaṇaṁ phalārthī; karotyayaṁ karmaphale niviṣṭaḥ ,
tathā tathāyaṁ guṇasaṁprayuktaḥ; śubhāśubhaṁ karmaphalaṁ bhunakti.
20. yathāguṇam karmagaṇam phalārthī
karoti ayam karmaphale niviṣṭaḥ
tathā tathā ayam guṇasampraprayuktaḥ
śubhāśubham karmaphalam bhunakti
20. phalārthī,
karmaphale niviṣṭaḥ ayam yathāguṇam karmagaṇam karoti.
tathā tathā ayam guṇasampraprayuktaḥ śubhāśubham karmaphalam bhunakti.
20. This individual, desiring results and intent on the fruits of their actions (karma), performs various actions (karma) in accordance with their inherent qualities (guṇa). Similarly, being endowed with these qualities (guṇa), this person experiences the good and bad results of those actions (karma).
मत्स्यो यथा स्रोत इवाभिपाती तथा कृतं पूर्वमुपैति कर्म ।
शुभे त्वसौ तुष्यति दुष्कृते तु न तुष्यते वै परमः शरीरी ॥२१॥
21. matsyo yathā srota ivābhipātī; tathā kṛtaṁ pūrvamupaiti karma ,
śubhe tvasau tuṣyati duṣkṛte tu; na tuṣyate vai paramaḥ śarīrī.
21. matsyaḥ yathā srotaḥ iva abhipātī
tathā kṛtam pūrvam upaiti karma
śubhe tu asau tuṣyati duṣkṛte
tu na tuṣyate vai paramaḥ śarīrī
21. yathā matsyaḥ srotaḥ iva abhipātī,
tathā pūrvam kṛtam karma upaiti.
tu asau śubhe tuṣyati,
tu duṣkṛte vai na tuṣyate paramaḥ śarīrī.
21. Just as a fish moves against the current, so too do actions (karma) performed previously return to one. However, this paramount embodied being (paramaḥ śarīrī) finds satisfaction in good deeds but does not find satisfaction in evil deeds.
यतो जगत्सर्वमिदं प्रसूतं ज्ञात्वात्मवन्तो व्यतियान्ति यत्तत् ।
यन्मन्त्रशब्दैरकृतप्रकाशं तदुच्यमानं शृणु मे परं यत् ॥२२॥
22. yato jagatsarvamidaṁ prasūtaṁ; jñātvātmavanto vyatiyānti yattat ,
yanmantraśabdairakṛtaprakāśaṁ; taducyamānaṁ śṛṇu me paraṁ yat.
22. yatas jagat sarvam idam prasūtam
jñātvā ātmavantaḥ vyatiyānti yat
tat yat mantraśabdaiḥ akṛtaprakāśam
tat ucyamānam śṛṇu me param yat
22. me yat param ucyamānam yat
mantraśabdaiḥ akṛtaprakāśam tat śṛṇu yat
jñātvā ātmavantaḥ yatas idam
sarvam jagat prasūtam tat vyatiyānti
22. Listen from me to that supreme (reality) which is being spoken of, which is not revealed by the words of a sacred utterance (mantra). Knowing that (reality), those who are self-possessed (ātmavantaḥ) transcend the very source from which this entire world originated.
रसैर्वियुक्तं विविधैश्च गन्धैरशब्दमस्पर्शमरूपवच्च ।
अग्राह्यमव्यक्तमवर्णमेकं पञ्चप्रकारं ससृजे प्रजानाम् ॥२३॥
23. rasairviyuktaṁ vividhaiśca gandhai;raśabdamasparśamarūpavacca ,
agrāhyamavyaktamavarṇamekaṁ; pañcaprakāraṁ sasṛje prajānām.
23. rasaiḥ viyuktam vividhaiḥ ca
gandhaiḥ aśabdam asparśam arūpavat
ca agrāhyam avyaktam avarṇam
ekam pañcaprakāram sasṛje prajānām
23. prajānām rasaiḥ ca vividhaiḥ
gandhaiḥ viyuktam aśabdam asparśam
arūpavat ca agrāhyam avyaktam
avarṇam ekam pañcaprakāram sasṛje
23. For the beings (prajā), (He) created a single, five-fold (manifestation) which is devoid of various tastes and smells, soundless, touchless, formless, ungraspable, unmanifest, and colorless.
न स्त्री पुमान्वापि नपुंसकं च न सन्न चासत्सदसच्च तन्न ।
पश्यन्ति यद्ब्रह्मविदो मनुष्यास्तदक्षरं न क्षरतीति विद्धि ॥२४॥
24. na strī pumānvāpi napuṁsakaṁ ca; na sanna cāsatsadasacca tanna ,
paśyanti yadbrahmavido manuṣyā;stadakṣaraṁ na kṣaratīti viddhi.
24. na strī pumān vā api napuṃsakam ca
na sat na ca asat sat asat ca tat
na paśyanti yat brahmavidaḥ manuṣyāḥ
tat akṣaram na kṣarati iti viddhi
24. tat na strī na pumān na api napuṃsakam
ca tat na sat na ca asat na sat
asat ca yat manuṣyāḥ brahmavidaḥ paśyanti
tat akṣaram na kṣarati iti viddhi
24. That (supreme reality) is neither female, male, nor even neuter. It is neither being (sat) nor non-being (asat), nor is it a combination of being and non-being. Understand that which human knowers of Brahman (brahman) perceive as the imperishable (akṣaram), saying 'it does not perish'.