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महाभारतः       mahābhārataḥ - book-15, chapter-10

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धृतराष्ट्र उवाच ।
व्यवहाराश्च ते तात नित्यमाप्तैरधिष्ठिताः ।
योज्यास्तुष्टैर्हितै राजन्नित्यं चारैरनुष्ठिताः ॥१॥
1. dhṛtarāṣṭra uvāca ,
vyavahārāśca te tāta nityamāptairadhiṣṭhitāḥ ,
yojyāstuṣṭairhitai rājannityaṁ cārairanuṣṭhitāḥ.
1. dhṛtarāṣṭra uvāca vyavahārāḥ ca te tāta nityam āptaiḥ
adhiṣṭhitāḥ yojyāḥ tuṣṭaiḥ hitaiḥ rājan nityam cāraiḥ anuṣṭhitāḥ
1. dhṛtarāṣṭra uvāca tāta rājan te vyavahārāḥ ca nityam āptaiḥ
adhiṣṭhitāḥ nityam tuṣṭaiḥ hitaiḥ cāraiḥ yojyāḥ anuṣṭhitāḥ
1. Dhṛtarāṣṭra said: 'O dear son, your affairs should always be overseen by trustworthy individuals, and, O King, they should constantly be managed and executed by contented and benevolent agents.'
परिमाणं विदित्वा च दण्डं दण्ड्येषु भारत ।
प्रणयेयुर्यथान्यायं पुरुषास्ते युधिष्ठिर ॥२॥
2. parimāṇaṁ viditvā ca daṇḍaṁ daṇḍyeṣu bhārata ,
praṇayeyuryathānyāyaṁ puruṣāste yudhiṣṭhira.
2. parimāṇam viditvā ca daṇḍam daṇḍyeṣu bhārata
praṇayeyuḥ yathānyāyam puruṣāḥ te yudhiṣṭhira
2. bhārata yudhiṣṭhira te puruṣāḥ parimāṇam ca
viditvā daṇḍyeṣu daṇḍam yathānyāyam praṇayeyuḥ
2. O Bhārata, Yudhiṣṭhira, your officials should ascertain the appropriate measure of punishment and then inflict penalties on those deserving, strictly according to justice.
आदानरुचयश्चैव परदाराभिमर्शकाः ।
उग्रदण्डप्रधानाश्च मिथ्या व्याहारिणस्तथा ॥३॥
3. ādānarucayaścaiva paradārābhimarśakāḥ ,
ugradaṇḍapradhānāśca mithyā vyāhāriṇastathā.
3. ādānarucayaḥ ca eva paradārābhimarśakāḥ
ugradaṇḍapradhānāḥ ca mithyā vyāhāriṇaḥ tathā
3. eva ādānarucayaḥ ca paradārābhimarśakāḥ ca
ugradaṇḍapradhānāḥ mithyā vyāhāriṇaḥ tathā
3. Indeed, those who are fond of seizing property, those who violate other men's wives, those whose primary action is inflicting harsh punishments, and those who speak falsely - (these are to be punished).
आक्रोष्टारश्च लुब्धाश्च हन्तारः साहसप्रियाः ।
सभाविहारभेत्तारो वर्णानां च प्रदूषकाः ।
हिरण्यदण्ड्या वध्याश्च कर्तव्या देशकालतः ॥४॥
4. ākroṣṭāraśca lubdhāśca hantāraḥ sāhasapriyāḥ ,
sabhāvihārabhettāro varṇānāṁ ca pradūṣakāḥ ,
hiraṇyadaṇḍyā vadhyāśca kartavyā deśakālataḥ.
4. ākroṣṭāraḥ ca lubdhāḥ ca hantāraḥ
sāhasapriyāḥ sabhāvihārabhettāraḥ
varṇānām ca pradūṣakāḥ hiraṇyadaṇḍyāḥ
vadhyāḥ ca kartavyāḥ deśakālataḥ
4. ākroṣṭāraḥ ca lubdhāḥ ca hantāraḥ
sāhasapriyāḥ sabhāvihārabhettāraḥ
varṇānām ca pradūṣakāḥ deśakālataḥ
hiraṇyadaṇḍyāḥ ca vadhyāḥ kartavyāḥ
4. And those who revile, those who are greedy, killers, those fond of violent acts, those who disrupt public gatherings and recreational places, and those who corrupt the social orders (varṇa) - all these should be subjected to monetary fines or even capital punishment, as deemed appropriate by the specific circumstances of the time and place.
प्रातरेव हि पश्येथा ये कुर्युर्व्ययकर्म ते ।
अलंकारमथो भोज्यमत ऊर्ध्वं समाचरेः ॥५॥
5. prātareva hi paśyethā ye kuryurvyayakarma te ,
alaṁkāramatho bhojyamata ūrdhvaṁ samācareḥ.
5. prātaḥ eva hi paśyethāḥ ye kuryuḥ vyayakarma te
alaṅkāram atho bhojyam ataḥ ūrdhvam samācareḥ
5. prātaḥ eva hi ye te vyayakarma kuryuḥ paśyethāḥ
ataḥ ūrdhvam alaṅkāram atho bhojyam samācareḥ
5. Indeed, you should inspect those involved in financial transactions first thing in the morning. Only after that should you attend to personal adornment and food.
पश्येथाश्च ततो योधान्सदा त्वं परिहर्षयन् ।
दूतानां च चराणां च प्रदोषस्ते सदा भवेत् ॥६॥
6. paśyethāśca tato yodhānsadā tvaṁ pariharṣayan ,
dūtānāṁ ca carāṇāṁ ca pradoṣaste sadā bhavet.
6. paśyethāḥ ca tataḥ yodhān sadā tvam pariharṣayan
dūtānām ca carāṇām ca pradoṣaḥ te sadā bhavet
6. tvam tataḥ sadā yodhān pariharṣayan paśyethāḥ ca
dūtānām ca carāṇām ca pradoṣaḥ te sadā bhavet
6. Then you should always visit the warriors, encouraging them. And the evening should always be the time for you to deal with messengers and spies.
सदा चापररात्रं ते भवेत्कार्यार्थनिर्णये ।
मध्यरात्रे विहारस्ते मध्याह्ने च सदा भवेत् ॥७॥
7. sadā cāpararātraṁ te bhavetkāryārthanirṇaye ,
madhyarātre vihāraste madhyāhne ca sadā bhavet.
7. sadā ca apararātram te bhavet kāryārthanirṇaye
madhyarātre vihāraḥ te madhyāhne ca sadā bhavet
7. ca sadā apararātram te kāryārthanirṇaye bhavet
madhyarātre ca madhyāhne te sadā vihāraḥ bhavet
7. And the latter part of the night should always be for you to decide affairs. Your time for recreation should always be at midnight and at midday.
सर्वे त्वात्ययिकाः कालाः कार्याणां भरतर्षभ ।
तथैवालंकृतः काले तिष्ठेथा भूरिदक्षिणः ।
चक्रवत्कर्मणां तात पर्यायो ह्येष नित्यशः ॥८॥
8. sarve tvātyayikāḥ kālāḥ kāryāṇāṁ bharatarṣabha ,
tathaivālaṁkṛtaḥ kāle tiṣṭhethā bhūridakṣiṇaḥ ,
cakravatkarmaṇāṁ tāta paryāyo hyeṣa nityaśaḥ.
8. sarve tu ātyayikāḥ kālāḥ kāryāṇām
bharatarṣabha tathā eva alaṅkṛtaḥ kāle
tiṣṭhethāḥ bhūridakṣiṇaḥ cakravat
karmaṇām tāta paryāyaḥ hi eṣaḥ nityaśaḥ
8. bharatarṣabha sarve tu ātyayikāḥ kālāḥ
kāryāṇām tathā eva bhūridakṣiṇaḥ
alaṅkṛtaḥ kāle tiṣṭhethāḥ tāta hi eṣaḥ
karmaṇām cakravat nityaśaḥ paryāyaḥ
8. All critical times, O best of Bharatas, are for (performing) duties. Similarly, you, the munificent one, should always be prepared at the opportune moment. For, O dear one, this is indeed a perpetual rotation of actions (karma), like a wheel.
कोशस्य संचये यत्नं कुर्वीथा न्यायतः सदा ।
द्विविधस्य महाराज विपरीतं विवर्जयेः ॥९॥
9. kośasya saṁcaye yatnaṁ kurvīthā nyāyataḥ sadā ,
dvividhasya mahārāja viparītaṁ vivarjayeḥ.
9. kośasya saṃcaye yatnam kurvīthāḥ nyāyataḥ sadā
dvividhasya mahārāja viparītam vivarjayeh
9. mahārāja sadā kośasya saṃcaye nyāyataḥ yatnam
kurvīthāḥ dvividhasya viparītam vivarjayeh
9. Always make an effort to accumulate wealth in the treasury in a lawful manner, O great king. You should avoid the opposite (unlawful accumulation) of these two kinds.
चारैर्विदित्वा शत्रूंश्च ये ते राज्यान्तरायिणः ।
तानाप्तैः पुरुषैर्दूराद्घातयेथाः परस्परम् ॥१०॥
10. cārairviditvā śatrūṁśca ye te rājyāntarāyiṇaḥ ,
tānāptaiḥ puruṣairdūrādghātayethāḥ parasparam.
10. cāraiḥ viditvā śatrūn ca ye te rājyāntarāyiṇaḥ
tān āptaiḥ puruṣaiḥ dūrāt ghātayethāḥ parasparam
10. ye te rājyāntarāyiṇaḥ śatrūn ca cāraiḥ viditvā
tān dūrāt āptaiḥ puruṣaiḥ parasparam ghātayethāḥ
10. Having ascertained through spies those enemies who are obstructing your rule, you should cause them to be eliminated from a distance by trustworthy agents, setting them against each other.
कर्मदृष्ट्याथ भृत्यांस्त्वं वरयेथाः कुरूद्वह ।
कारयेथाश्च कर्माणि युक्तायुक्तैरधिष्ठितैः ॥११॥
11. karmadṛṣṭyātha bhṛtyāṁstvaṁ varayethāḥ kurūdvaha ,
kārayethāśca karmāṇi yuktāyuktairadhiṣṭhitaiḥ.
11. karmadṛṣṭyā atha bhṛtyān tvam varayethāḥ kurūdvaha
kārayethāḥ ca karmāṇi yuktāyuktaiḥ adhiṣṭhitaiḥ
11. atha kurūdvaha tvam karmadṛṣṭyā bhṛtyān varayethāḥ
ca yuktāyuktaiḥ adhiṣṭhitaiḥ karmāṇi kārayethāḥ
11. O foremost of the Kurus, you should then select your servants by observing their actions (karma) and have tasks (karma) carried out under the supervision of both competent and less competent individuals.
सेनाप्रणेता च भवेत्तव तात दृढव्रतः ।
शूरः क्लेशसहश्चैव प्रियश्च तव मानवः ॥१२॥
12. senāpraṇetā ca bhavettava tāta dṛḍhavrataḥ ,
śūraḥ kleśasahaścaiva priyaśca tava mānavaḥ.
12. senāpraṇetā ca bhavet tava tāta dṛḍhavrataḥ
śūraḥ kleśasahaḥ ca eva priyaḥ ca tava mānavaḥ
12. ca tāta tava senāpraṇetā dṛḍhavrataḥ śūraḥ
kleśasahaḥ ca eva ca tava priyaḥ mānavaḥ bhavet
12. And, O dear one, your army commander should be resolute, brave, capable of enduring hardships, and indeed a man loyal and dear to you.
सर्वे जानपदाश्चैव तव कर्माणि पाण्डव ।
पौरोगवाश्च सभ्याश्च कुर्युर्ये व्यवहारिणः ॥१३॥
13. sarve jānapadāścaiva tava karmāṇi pāṇḍava ,
paurogavāśca sabhyāśca kuryurye vyavahāriṇaḥ.
13. sarve jānapadāḥ ca eva tava karmāṇi pāṇḍava
paurogavāḥ ca sabhyāḥ ca kuryuḥ ye vyavahāriṇaḥ
13. pāṇḍava sarve jānapadāḥ ca eva paurogavāḥ ca
sabhyāḥ ca ye vyavahāriṇaḥ tava karmāṇi kuryuḥ
13. O Pāṇḍava, all your subjects and leading citizens, along with the counselors who are involved in administrative and legal affairs, should certainly execute your directives.
स्वरन्ध्रं पररन्ध्रं च स्वेषु चैव परेषु च ।
उपलक्षयितव्यं ते नित्यमेव युधिष्ठिर ॥१४॥
14. svarandhraṁ pararandhraṁ ca sveṣu caiva pareṣu ca ,
upalakṣayitavyaṁ te nityameva yudhiṣṭhira.
14. sva-randhram para-randhram ca sveṣu ca eva pareṣu
ca upalakṣayitavyam te nityam eva yudhiṣṭhira
14. yudhiṣṭhira te sveṣu ca pareṣu ca eva sva-randhram
para-randhram ca nityam eva upalakṣayitavyam
14. O Yudhiṣṭhira, you must constantly discern the weaknesses within your own side and among your own people, as well as the weaknesses of your adversaries and their people.
देशान्तरस्थाश्च नरा विक्रान्ताः सर्वकर्मसु ।
मात्राभिरनुरूपाभिरनुग्राह्या हितास्त्वया ॥१५॥
15. deśāntarasthāśca narā vikrāntāḥ sarvakarmasu ,
mātrābhiranurūpābhiranugrāhyā hitāstvayā.
15. deśāntarasthāḥ ca narāḥ vikrāntāḥ sarva-karmasu
mātrābhiḥ anurūpābhiḥ anugrāhyāḥ hitāḥ tvayā
15. tvayā deśāntarasthāḥ vikrāntāḥ sarva-karmasu
hitāḥ ca narāḥ anurūpābhiḥ mātrābhiḥ anugrāhyāḥ
15. And those people residing in other countries, who are competent in all tasks, should be favored by you with appropriate measures, especially those who are well-wishers.
गुणार्थिनां गुणः कार्यो विदुषां ते जनाधिप ।
अविचाल्याश्च ते ते स्युर्यथा मेरुर्महागिरिः ॥१६॥
16. guṇārthināṁ guṇaḥ kāryo viduṣāṁ te janādhipa ,
avicālyāśca te te syuryathā merurmahāgiriḥ.
16. guṇārthinām guṇaḥ kāryaḥ viduṣām te janādhipa
avicālyāḥ ca te te syuḥ yathā meruḥ mahā-giriḥ
16. janādhipa te guṇārthinām viduṣām guṇaḥ kāryaḥ
ca te te yathā meruḥ mahā-giriḥ avicālyāḥ syuḥ
16. O Lord of the people, you should cultivate merit for those who seek virtue, especially the wise. And those (loyal and capable) people should be made as steadfast for you as the great mountain Meru.