Skip to content
אתר זה לא תומך בגרסאות ישנות של אינטרנט אקספלורר
מומלץ להשתמש בדפדפן גוגל כרום או פיירפוקס מוזילה
(או באינטרנט אקספלורר / edge עדכני)
Enjoy Learning Sanskrit tips, tools, resources and more...

महाभारतः       mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-43

Use the following checkboxes to set the display options for this chapter (You can also control the display of each verse separately):
what would you like to see in each verse:
वैशंपायन उवाच ।
वसन्दुर्योधनस्तस्यां सभायां भरतर्षभ ।
शनैर्ददर्श तां सर्वां सभां शकुनिना सह ॥१॥
1. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
vasanduryodhanastasyāṁ sabhāyāṁ bharatarṣabha ,
śanairdadarśa tāṁ sarvāṁ sabhāṁ śakuninā saha.
1. vaiśaṃpāyanaḥ uvāca | vasan duryodhanaḥ tasyām sabhāyām
bharatarṣabha | śanaiḥ dadarśa tām sarvām sabhām śakuninā saha
1. Vaiśaṃpāyana said: "O best of Bhāratas (bharatarṣabha), Duryodhana, while dwelling in that assembly hall with Śakuni, slowly observed the entire hall."
तस्यां दिव्यानभिप्रायान्ददर्श कुरुनन्दनः ।
न दृष्टपूर्वा ये तेन नगरे नागसाह्वये ॥२॥
2. tasyāṁ divyānabhiprāyāndadarśa kurunandanaḥ ,
na dṛṣṭapūrvā ye tena nagare nāgasāhvaye.
2. tasyām divyān abhiprāyān dadarśa kurunandanaḥ
na dṛṣṭapūrvāḥ ye tena nagare nāgasāhvaye
2. The son of Kuru (Duryodhana) saw in that (hall) extraordinary designs, which he had never seen before in the city named Hastinapura.
स कदाचित्सभामध्ये धार्तराष्ट्रो महीपतिः ।
स्फाटिकं तलमासाद्य जलमित्यभिशङ्कया ॥३॥
3. sa kadācitsabhāmadhye dhārtarāṣṭro mahīpatiḥ ,
sphāṭikaṁ talamāsādya jalamityabhiśaṅkayā.
3. saḥ kadācit sabhāmadhye dhārtarāṣṭraḥ mahīpatiḥ
sphāṭikam talam āsādya jalam iti abhiśaṅkayā
3. One day, that king, the son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra (Duryodhana), having come upon a crystal floor in the assembly hall, mistook it for water out of apprehension.
स्ववस्त्रोत्कर्षणं राजा कृतवान्बुद्धिमोहितः ।
दुर्मना विमुखश्चैव परिचक्राम तां सभाम् ॥४॥
4. svavastrotkarṣaṇaṁ rājā kṛtavānbuddhimohitaḥ ,
durmanā vimukhaścaiva paricakrāma tāṁ sabhām.
4. svavastrotkarṣaṇam rājā kṛtavān buddhimohitaḥ
durmanāḥ vimukhaḥ ca eva paricakrāma tām sabhām
4. The king, whose intellect was confused, pulled up his garments. With a dejected and averted face, he then circled that assembly hall.
ततः स्फाटिकतोयां वै स्फाटिकाम्बुजशोभिताम् ।
वापीं मत्वा स्थलमिति सवासाः प्रापतज्जले ॥५॥
5. tataḥ sphāṭikatoyāṁ vai sphāṭikāmbujaśobhitām ,
vāpīṁ matvā sthalamiti savāsāḥ prāpatajjale.
5. tataḥ sphāṭikatoyām vai sphāṭikāmbujaśobhitām
vāpīm matvā sthalam iti savāsāḥ prāpatat jale
5. Then, mistaking for dry ground a pond (vāpī) that had crystal-clear water and was adorned with crystal lotuses, he indeed fell into the water with his garments on.
जले निपतितं दृष्ट्वा किंकरा जहसुर्भृशम् ।
वासांसि च शुभान्यस्मै प्रददू राजशासनात् ॥६॥
6. jale nipatitaṁ dṛṣṭvā kiṁkarā jahasurbhṛśam ,
vāsāṁsi ca śubhānyasmai pradadū rājaśāsanāt.
6. jale nipatitaṃ dṛṣṭvā kiṅkarāḥ jahasuḥ bhṛśam
vāsāṃsi ca śubhāni asmai pradadū rājaśāsanāt
6. When the servants saw him fallen into the water, they laughed heartily. Then, by the king's command, they gave him clean clothes.
तथागतं तु तं दृष्ट्वा भीमसेनो महाबलः ।
अर्जुनश्च यमौ चोभौ सर्वे ते प्राहसंस्तदा ॥७॥
7. tathāgataṁ tu taṁ dṛṣṭvā bhīmaseno mahābalaḥ ,
arjunaśca yamau cobhau sarve te prāhasaṁstadā.
7. tathāgataṃ tu taṃ dṛṣṭvā bhīmasenaḥ mahābalaḥ
arjunaḥ ca yamau ca ubhau sarve te prāhasan tadā
7. When the mighty Bhimasena, Arjuna, and both the twins (Nakula and Sahadeva) saw him in that condition, all of them burst out laughing at that moment.
नामर्षयत्ततस्तेषामवहासममर्षणः ।
आकारं रक्षमाणस्तु न स तान्समुदैक्षत ॥८॥
8. nāmarṣayattatasteṣāmavahāsamamarṣaṇaḥ ,
ākāraṁ rakṣamāṇastu na sa tānsamudaikṣata.
8. na amarṣayat tataḥ teṣām avahāsaṃ amarṣaṇaḥ
ākāraṃ rakṣamāṇaḥ tu na saḥ tān samudaikṣata
8. Indignant, he did not tolerate their laughter. However, maintaining his composure, he did not look at them.
पुनर्वसनमुत्क्षिप्य प्रतरिष्यन्निव स्थलम् ।
आरुरोह ततः सर्वे जहसुस्ते पुनर्जनाः ॥९॥
9. punarvasanamutkṣipya pratariṣyanniva sthalam ,
āruroha tataḥ sarve jahasuste punarjanāḥ.
9. punaḥ vasanaṃ utkṣipya pratariṣyan iva sthalam
ārūroha tataḥ sarve jahasuḥ te punaḥ janāḥ
9. Again, gathering up his garment, as if he were about to traverse dry land, he climbed out. Then all those people laughed once more.
द्वारं च विवृताकारं ललाटेन समाहनत् ।
संवृतं चेति मन्वानो द्वारदेशादुपारमत् ॥१०॥
10. dvāraṁ ca vivṛtākāraṁ lalāṭena samāhanat ,
saṁvṛtaṁ ceti manvāno dvāradeśādupāramat.
10. dvāram ca vivṛtākāram lalāṭena samāhanat |
saṃvṛtam ca iti manvānaḥ dvāradeśāt upāramat
10. He struck the apparently open door with his forehead, and thinking it was closed, he stopped at the doorway.
एवं प्रलम्भान्विविधान्प्राप्य तत्र विशां पते ।
पाण्डवेयाभ्यनुज्ञातस्ततो दुर्योधनो नृपः ॥११॥
11. evaṁ pralambhānvividhānprāpya tatra viśāṁ pate ,
pāṇḍaveyābhyanujñātastato duryodhano nṛpaḥ.
11. evam pralambhān vividhān prāpya tatra viśām pate
| pāṇḍaveyābhyanujñātaḥ tataḥ duryodhanaḥ nṛpaḥ
11. O lord of the people, having thus experienced various deceptions there, King Duryodhana, then permitted by the sons of Pāṇḍu, (departed).
अप्रहृष्टेन मनसा राजसूये महाक्रतौ ।
प्रेक्ष्य तामद्भुतामृद्धिं जगाम गजसाह्वयम् ॥१२॥
12. aprahṛṣṭena manasā rājasūye mahākratau ,
prekṣya tāmadbhutāmṛddhiṁ jagāma gajasāhvayam.
12. aprahṛṣṭena manasā rājasūye mahākratau |
prekṣya tām adbhutām ṛddhim jagāma gajasāhvayam
12. At the great Rājasūya sacrifice, with an unelated mind, having seen that wonderful prosperity, he departed for Hastināpura.
पाण्डवश्रीप्रतप्तस्य ध्यानग्लानस्य गच्छतः ।
दुर्योधनस्य नृपतेः पापा मतिरजायत ॥१३॥
13. pāṇḍavaśrīprataptasya dhyānaglānasya gacchataḥ ,
duryodhanasya nṛpateḥ pāpā matirajāyata.
13. pāṇḍavaśrīprataptasya dhyānaglānasya gacchataḥ
| duryodhanasya nṛpateḥ pāpā matiḥ ajāyata
13. An evil thought arose in King Duryodhana, who was tormented by the prosperity of the Pāṇḍavas and, as he departed, was worn out by deep contemplation (dhyāna).
पार्थान्सुमनसो दृष्ट्वा पार्थिवांश्च वशानुगान् ।
कृत्स्नं चापि हितं लोकमाकुमारं कुरूद्वह ॥१४॥
14. pārthānsumanaso dṛṣṭvā pārthivāṁśca vaśānugān ,
kṛtsnaṁ cāpi hitaṁ lokamākumāraṁ kurūdvaha.
14. pārthān sumanasaḥ dṛṣṭvā pārthivān ca vaśānugān
kṛtsnam ca api hitam lokam ākumāram kurūdvaha
14. O foremost among the Kurus (Dhṛtarāṣṭra), having observed the cheerful Pārthas (Pāṇḍavas), and the kings who were compliant (to them), and also the entire populace, from children onwards, well-disposed (towards them).
महिमानं परं चापि पाण्डवानां महात्मनाम् ।
दुर्योधनो धार्तराष्ट्रो विवर्णः समपद्यत ॥१५॥
15. mahimānaṁ paraṁ cāpi pāṇḍavānāṁ mahātmanām ,
duryodhano dhārtarāṣṭro vivarṇaḥ samapadyata.
15. mahimānam param ca api pāṇḍavānām mahātmanām
duryodhanaḥ dhārtarāṣṭraḥ vivarṇaḥ samapadyata
15. And having also observed the supreme greatness of the great-souled Pāṇḍavas, Duryodhana, the son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra, became discolored (i.e., pale and dejected).
स तु गच्छन्ननेकाग्रः सभामेवानुचिन्तयन् ।
श्रियं च तामनुपमां धर्मराजस्य धीमतः ॥१६॥
16. sa tu gacchannanekāgraḥ sabhāmevānucintayan ,
śriyaṁ ca tāmanupamāṁ dharmarājasya dhīmataḥ.
16. sa tu gacchan anekāgraḥ sabhām eva anucintayan
śriyam ca tām anupamām dharmarājasya dhīmataḥ
16. But as he went, he was distracted, continually thinking only of the assembly hall, and of that unequalled prosperity of the wise king of (dharma) natural law (Yudhiṣṭhira).
प्रमत्तो धृतराष्ट्रस्य पुत्रो दुर्योधनस्तदा ।
नाभ्यभाषत्सुबलजं भाषमाणं पुनः पुनः ॥१७॥
17. pramatto dhṛtarāṣṭrasya putro duryodhanastadā ,
nābhyabhāṣatsubalajaṁ bhāṣamāṇaṁ punaḥ punaḥ.
17. pramattaḥ dhṛtarāṣṭrasya putraḥ duryodhanaḥ tadā
na abhyabhāṣat subalajam bhāṣamāṇam punaḥ punaḥ
17. Then, deluded, Duryodhana, the son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra, did not respond to Subala's son (Śakuni) who was repeatedly speaking to him.
अनेकाग्रं तु तं दृष्ट्वा शकुनिः प्रत्यभाषत ।
दुर्योधन कुतोमूलं निःश्वसन्निव गच्छसि ॥१८॥
18. anekāgraṁ tu taṁ dṛṣṭvā śakuniḥ pratyabhāṣata ,
duryodhana kutomūlaṁ niḥśvasanniva gacchasi.
18. anekāgram tu tam dṛṣṭvā śakuniḥ pratyabhāṣata
duryodhana kutomūlam niḥśvasan iva gacchasi
18. Seeing him distracted, Shakuni addressed him: 'O Duryodhana, what is the cause for you to go about sighing?'
दुर्योधन उवाच ।
दृष्ट्वेमां पृथिवीं कृत्स्नां युधिष्ठिरवशानुगाम् ।
जितामस्त्रप्रतापेन श्वेताश्वस्य महात्मनः ॥१९॥
19. duryodhana uvāca ,
dṛṣṭvemāṁ pṛthivīṁ kṛtsnāṁ yudhiṣṭhiravaśānugām ,
jitāmastrapratāpena śvetāśvasya mahātmanaḥ.
19. duryodhana uvāca dṛṣṭvā imām pṛthivīm kṛtsnām
yudhiṣṭhiravaśānugām jitām astrapratāpena śvetāśvasya mahātmanaḥ
19. Duryodhana said: 'Having seen this entire earth, which has been conquered by the might of the weapons of the great-souled (mahātman) Arjuna, the white-horsed one, and is now subservient to Yudhishthira...'
तं च यज्ञं तथाभूतं दृष्ट्वा पार्थस्य मातुल ।
यथा शक्रस्य देवेषु तथाभूतं महाद्युते ॥२०॥
20. taṁ ca yajñaṁ tathābhūtaṁ dṛṣṭvā pārthasya mātula ,
yathā śakrasya deveṣu tathābhūtaṁ mahādyute.
20. tam ca yajñam tathābhūtam dṛṣṭvā pārthasya mātula
yathā śakrasya deveṣu tathābhūtam mahādyute
20. pārthasya mātula mahādyute tam yajñam tathābhūtam
yathā deveṣu śakrasya tathābhūtam dṛṣṭvā ca
20. O maternal uncle of Pārtha (Arjuna), O greatly refulgent one, having beheld that Vedic ritual (yajña) of such a nature, just as Indra's (ritual) among the gods (is of such a nature)...
अमर्षेण सुसंपूर्णो दह्यमानो दिवानिशम् ।
शुचिशुक्रागमे काले शुष्ये तोयमिवाल्पकम् ॥२१॥
21. amarṣeṇa susaṁpūrṇo dahyamāno divāniśam ,
śuciśukrāgame kāle śuṣye toyamivālpakam.
21. amarṣeṇa susaṁpūrṇaḥ dahyamānaḥ divāniśam
śuciśukrāgame kāle śuṣye toyam iva alpakam
21. Completely filled with indignation (amarṣa) and burning day and night, I would dry up like a small amount of water in the season of early summer (śuciśukrāgama kāla).
पश्य सात्वतमुख्येन शिशुपालं निपातितम् ।
न च तत्र पुमानासीत्कश्चित्तस्य पदानुगः ॥२२॥
22. paśya sātvatamukhyena śiśupālaṁ nipātitam ,
na ca tatra pumānāsītkaścittasya padānugaḥ.
22. paśya sātvatamukhyena śiśupālam nipātitam na
ca tatra pumān āsīt kaścit tasya padānugaḥ
22. Behold Śiśupāla, slain by the chief of the Sātvatas (Krishna). There was no one present who was his follower.
दह्यमाना हि राजानः पाण्डवोत्थेन वह्निना ।
क्षान्तवन्तोऽपराधं तं को हि तं क्षन्तुमर्हति ॥२३॥
23. dahyamānā hi rājānaḥ pāṇḍavotthena vahninā ,
kṣāntavanto'parādhaṁ taṁ ko hi taṁ kṣantumarhati.
23. dahyamānāḥ hi rājānaḥ pāṇḍavotthena vahninā
kṣāntavantaḥ aparādham tam kaḥ hi tam kṣantum arhati
23. Indeed, the kings, scorched by the fire ignited by the Pāṇḍavas, endured that offense. For who among them could have forgiven it?
वासुदेवेन तत्कर्म तथायुक्तं महत्कृतम् ।
सिद्धं च पाण्डवेयानां प्रतापेन महात्मनाम् ॥२४॥
24. vāsudevena tatkarma tathāyuktaṁ mahatkṛtam ,
siddhaṁ ca pāṇḍaveyānāṁ pratāpena mahātmanām.
24. vāsudevena tat karma tathā yuktam mahat kṛtam
siddham ca pāṇḍaveyānām pratāpena mahātmanām
24. That deed, performed by Vāsudeva (Krishna) in such a fitting and great manner, was also successfully accomplished due to the valor of the great-souled Pāṇḍavas.
तथा हि रत्नान्यादाय विविधानि नृपा नृपम् ।
उपतिष्ठन्ति कौन्तेयं वैश्या इव करप्रदाः ॥२५॥
25. tathā hi ratnānyādāya vividhāni nṛpā nṛpam ,
upatiṣṭhanti kaunteyaṁ vaiśyā iva karapradāḥ.
25. tathā hi ratnāni ādāya vividhāni nṛpāḥ nṛpam
upatiṣṭhanti kaunteyam vaiśyāḥ iva karapradāḥ
25. Indeed, just as merchants (vaiśyāḥ) offer taxes, so too do kings approach the son of Kuntī (Yudhiṣṭhira), bringing various jewels.
श्रियं तथाविधां दृष्ट्वा ज्वलन्तीमिव पाण्डवे ।
अमर्षवशमापन्नो दह्येऽहमतथोचितः ॥२६॥
26. śriyaṁ tathāvidhāṁ dṛṣṭvā jvalantīmiva pāṇḍave ,
amarṣavaśamāpanno dahye'hamatathocitaḥ.
26. śriyam tathāvidhām dṛṣṭvā jvalantīm iva pāṇḍave
amarṣavaśam āpannaḥ dahye aham atathocitaḥ
26. Upon seeing such glory (śrī), as if blazing, among the Pāṇḍavas, I, who am unsuited to such a fate, became overcome by indignation and am consumed [by anguish].
वह्निमेव प्रवेक्ष्यामि भक्षयिष्यामि वा विषम् ।
अपो वापि प्रवेक्ष्यामि न हि शक्ष्यामि जीवितुम् ॥२७॥
27. vahnimeva pravekṣyāmi bhakṣayiṣyāmi vā viṣam ,
apo vāpi pravekṣyāmi na hi śakṣyāmi jīvitum.
27. vahnim eva pravekṣyāmi bhakṣayiṣyāmi vā viṣam
apaḥ vā api pravekṣyāmi na hi śakṣyāmi jīvitum
27. I will either enter fire, or I will consume poison, or I will drown myself in water. Indeed, I will not be able to live.
को हि नाम पुमाँल्लोके मर्षयिष्यति सत्त्ववान् ।
सपत्नानृध्यतो दृष्ट्वा हानिमात्मन एव च ॥२८॥
28. ko hi nāma pumāँlloke marṣayiṣyati sattvavān ,
sapatnānṛdhyato dṛṣṭvā hānimātmana eva ca.
28. kaḥ hi nāma pumān loke marṣayiṣyati sattvavān
sapatnān ṛdhyataḥ dṛṣṭvā hānim ātmanaḥ eva ca
28. What man in this world, possessing courage (sattva), would indeed tolerate seeing his rivals prosper and his own loss (ātman)?
सोऽहं न स्त्री न चाप्यस्त्री न पुमान्नापुमानपि ।
योऽहं तां मर्षयाम्यद्य तादृशीं श्रियमागताम् ॥२९॥
29. so'haṁ na strī na cāpyastrī na pumānnāpumānapi ,
yo'haṁ tāṁ marṣayāmyadya tādṛśīṁ śriyamāgatām.
29. saḥ aham na strī na ca api astrī na pumān na apumān
api yaḥ aham tām marṣayāmi adya tādṛśīm śriyam āgatām
29. I am neither a woman, nor a non-woman, neither a man, nor a non-man (puruṣa); I, who today endure such glory (śrī) that has come [to others].
ईश्वरत्वं पृथिव्याश्च वसुमत्तां च तादृशीम् ।
यज्ञं च तादृशं दृष्ट्वा मादृशः को न संज्वरेत् ॥३०॥
30. īśvaratvaṁ pṛthivyāśca vasumattāṁ ca tādṛśīm ,
yajñaṁ ca tādṛśaṁ dṛṣṭvā mādṛśaḥ ko na saṁjvaret.
30. īśvaratvam pṛthivyāḥ ca vasumattām ca tādṛśīm
yajñam ca tādṛśam dṛṣṭvā mādṛśaḥ kaḥ na saṃjvaret
30. kaḥ mādṛśaḥ pṛthivyāḥ īśvaratvam ca tādṛśīm
vasumattām ca tādṛśam yajñam ca dṛṣṭvā na saṃjvaret
30. Who, like me, would not be distressed upon seeing such dominion over the earth, such immense wealth, and such a grand Vedic ritual (yajña)?
अशक्तश्चैक एवाहं तामाहर्तुं नृपश्रियम् ।
सहायांश्च न पश्यामि तेन मृत्युं विचिन्तये ॥३१॥
31. aśaktaścaika evāhaṁ tāmāhartuṁ nṛpaśriyam ,
sahāyāṁśca na paśyāmi tena mṛtyuṁ vicintaye.
31. aśaktaḥ ca ekaḥ eva aham tām āhartum nṛpaśriyam
sahāyān ca na paśyāmi tena mṛtyum vicintaye
31. I alone am incapable of obtaining that royal prosperity. And since I see no allies, I contemplate death.
दैवमेव परं मन्ये पौरुषं तु निरर्थकम् ।
दृष्ट्वा कुन्तीसुते शुभ्रां श्रियं तामाहृतां तथा ॥३२॥
32. daivameva paraṁ manye pauruṣaṁ tu nirarthakam ,
dṛṣṭvā kuntīsute śubhrāṁ śriyaṁ tāmāhṛtāṁ tathā.
32. daivam eva param manye pauruṣam tu nirarthakam
dṛṣṭvā kuntīsute śubhrām śriyam tām āhṛtām tathā
32. I consider destiny alone to be supreme, while human effort is meaningless, having seen that brilliant prosperity thus obtained by Kunti's son (Yudhishthira).
कृतो यत्नो मया पूर्वं विनाशे तस्य सौबल ।
तच्च सर्वमतिक्रम्य स वृद्धोऽप्स्विव पङ्कजम् ॥३३॥
33. kṛto yatno mayā pūrvaṁ vināśe tasya saubala ,
tacca sarvamatikramya sa vṛddho'psviva paṅkajam.
33. kṛtaḥ yatnaḥ mayā pūrvam vināśe tasya saubala tat
ca sarvam atikramya saḥ vṛddhaḥ apsu iva paṅkajam
33. O son of Subala (Saubala), I indeed made efforts for his destruction previously. But, transcending all of that, he has flourished like a lotus in water.
तेन दैवं परं मन्ये पौरुषं तु निरर्थकम् ।
धार्तराष्ट्रा हि हीयन्ते पार्था वर्धन्ति नित्यशः ॥३४॥
34. tena daivaṁ paraṁ manye pauruṣaṁ tu nirarthakam ,
dhārtarāṣṭrā hi hīyante pārthā vardhanti nityaśaḥ.
34. tena daivam param manye pauruṣam tu nirarthakam
dhārtarāṣṭrāḥ hi hīyante pārthāḥ vardhanti nityaśaḥ
34. Thus, I consider destiny to be supreme, while human effort is futile. Indeed, the sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra are diminished, whereas the sons of Pṛthā (Pāṇḍavas) always flourish.
सोऽहं श्रियं च तां दृष्ट्वा सभां तां च तथाविधाम् ।
रक्षिभिश्चावहासं तं परितप्ये यथाग्निना ॥३५॥
35. so'haṁ śriyaṁ ca tāṁ dṛṣṭvā sabhāṁ tāṁ ca tathāvidhām ,
rakṣibhiścāvahāsaṁ taṁ paritapye yathāgninā.
35. saḥ aham śriyam ca tām dṛṣṭvā sabhām tām ca tathāvidhām
rakṣibhiḥ ca avahāsam tam paritapye yathā agninā
35. Having seen that splendor and that kind of assembly, as well as that ridicule by the guards, I am tormented as if by fire.
स मामभ्यनुजानीहि मातुलाद्य सुदुःखितम् ।
अमर्षं च समाविष्टं धृतराष्ट्रे निवेदय ॥३६॥
36. sa māmabhyanujānīhi mātulādya suduḥkhitam ,
amarṣaṁ ca samāviṣṭaṁ dhṛtarāṣṭre nivedaya.
36. sa mām abhyanujānīhi mātula adya suduḥkhitam
amarṣam ca samāviṣṭam dhṛtarāṣṭre nivedaya
36. Therefore, O uncle, grant leave to me, who is extremely distressed and overcome with indignation. And report (this) indignation to Dhṛtarāṣṭra.