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महाभारतः       mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-80

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वैशंपायन उवाच ।
पौरवेणाथ वयसा ययातिर्नहुषात्मजः ।
प्रीतियुक्तो नृपश्रेष्ठश्चचार विषयान्प्रियान् ॥१॥
1. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
pauraveṇātha vayasā yayātirnahuṣātmajaḥ ,
prītiyukto nṛpaśreṣṭhaścacāra viṣayānpriyān.
1. vaiśaṃpāyanaḥ uvāca pauraveṇa atha vayasā yayātiḥ
nahuṣātmajaḥ prītiyuktaḥ nṛpaśreṣṭhaḥ cacāra viṣayān priyān
1. Vaishampayana said, "Then, Yayati, the son of Nahusha, having received Puru's youth, was filled with joy. That best of kings indulged in his beloved pleasures."
यथाकामं यथोत्साहं यथाकालं यथासुखम् ।
धर्माविरुद्धान्राजेन्द्रो यथार्हति स एव हि ॥२॥
2. yathākāmaṁ yathotsāhaṁ yathākālaṁ yathāsukham ,
dharmāviruddhānrājendro yathārhati sa eva hi.
2. yathākāmam yathā utsāham yathā kālam yathā sukham
dharma aviruddhān rājendraḥ yathā arhati saḥ eva hi
2. The king of kings (Yayati) indeed pursued (pleasures) that were not contrary to dharma, as was fitting for him, according to his desire, his enthusiasm, the proper time, and his comfort.
देवानतर्पयद्यज्ञैः श्राद्धैस्तद्वत्पितॄनपि ।
दीनाननुग्रहैरिष्टैः कामैश्च द्विजसत्तमान् ॥३॥
3. devānatarpayadyajñaiḥ śrāddhaistadvatpitṝnapi ,
dīnānanugrahairiṣṭaiḥ kāmaiśca dvijasattamān.
3. devān atarpayat yajñaiḥ śrāddhaiḥ tadvat pitṝn api
dīnān anugrahaiḥ iṣṭaiḥ kāmaiḥ ca dvijasattamān
3. He gratified the gods with yagyas and similarly the ancestors (pitṛs) with śrāddhas. He pleased the distressed with appropriate favors, and the best of brahmins with desired gifts.
अतिथीनन्नपानैश्च विशश्च परिपालनैः ।
आनृशंस्येन शूद्रांश्च दस्यून्संनिग्रहेण च ॥४॥
4. atithīnannapānaiśca viśaśca paripālanaiḥ ,
ānṛśaṁsyena śūdrāṁśca dasyūnsaṁnigraheṇa ca.
4. atithīn annapānaiḥ ca viśaḥ ca paripālanaiḥ
ānṛśaṃsyena śūdrān ca dasyūn saṃnigraheṇa ca
4. He pleased guests with food and drink, and the common people (Vaiśyas) with protection. He treated the Śūdras with compassion, and dealt with dacoits by suppressing them.
धर्मेण च प्रजाः सर्वा यथावदनुरञ्जयन् ।
ययातिः पालयामास साक्षादिन्द्र इवापरः ॥५॥
5. dharmeṇa ca prajāḥ sarvā yathāvadanurañjayan ,
yayātiḥ pālayāmāsa sākṣādindra ivāparaḥ.
5. dharmeṇa ca prajāḥ sarvāḥ yathāvat anurañjayan
yayātiḥ pālayāmāsa sākṣāt indraḥ iva aparaḥ
5. Delighting all his subjects righteously and appropriately, King Yayati ruled, truly like a second Indra himself.
स राजा सिंहविक्रान्तो युवा विषयगोचरः ।
अविरोधेन धर्मस्य चचार सुखमुत्तमम् ॥६॥
6. sa rājā siṁhavikrānto yuvā viṣayagocaraḥ ,
avirodhena dharmasya cacāra sukhamuttamam.
6. saḥ rājā siṃhavikrāntaḥ yuvā viṣayagocaraḥ
avirodhena dharmasya cacāra sukham uttamam
6. That king, valorous as a lion and youthful, indulged in worldly pleasures and experienced supreme happiness, all without contradicting dharma.
स संप्राप्य शुभान्कामांस्तृप्तः खिन्नश्च पार्थिवः ।
कालं वर्षसहस्रान्तं सस्मार मनुजाधिपः ॥७॥
7. sa saṁprāpya śubhānkāmāṁstṛptaḥ khinnaśca pārthivaḥ ,
kālaṁ varṣasahasrāntaṁ sasmāra manujādhipaḥ.
7. saḥ saṃprāpya śubhān kāmān tṛptaḥ khinnaḥ ca
pārthivaḥ kālam varṣasahasrāntam sasmāra manujādhipaḥ
7. Having attained his noble desires, that king, though satisfied, also felt weary. Then, the lord of men remembered the thousand-year period.
परिसंख्याय कालज्ञः कलाः काष्ठाश्च वीर्यवान् ।
पूर्णं मत्वा ततः कालं पूरुं पुत्रमुवाच ह ॥८॥
8. parisaṁkhyāya kālajñaḥ kalāḥ kāṣṭhāśca vīryavān ,
pūrṇaṁ matvā tataḥ kālaṁ pūruṁ putramuvāca ha.
8. parisaṃkhyāya kālajñaḥ kalāḥ kāṣṭhāḥ ca vīryavān
pūrṇam matvā tataḥ kālam pūrum putram uvāca ha
8. The valiant king, who was skilled in computing time, having calculated the kalās and kāṣṭhās and realizing his time was complete, then addressed his son Puru.
यथाकामं यथोत्साहं यथाकालमरिंदम ।
सेविता विषयाः पुत्र यौवनेन मया तव ॥९॥
9. yathākāmaṁ yathotsāhaṁ yathākālamariṁdama ,
sevitā viṣayāḥ putra yauvanena mayā tava.
9. yathākāmam yathā utsāham yathākālam arindama
sevitāḥ viṣayāḥ putra yauvanena mayā tava
9. O son, vanquisher of foes, sensual pleasures have been enjoyed by me through your youth, as desired, with full zeal, and at the opportune moment.
पूरो प्रीतोऽस्मि भद्रं ते गृहाणेदं स्वयौवनम् ।
राज्यं चैव गृहाणेदं त्वं हि मे प्रियकृत्सुतः ॥१०॥
10. pūro prīto'smi bhadraṁ te gṛhāṇedaṁ svayauvanam ,
rājyaṁ caiva gṛhāṇedaṁ tvaṁ hi me priyakṛtsutaḥ.
10. pūro prītaḥ asmi bhadram te gṛhāṇa idam svayauvanam
rājyam ca eva gṛhāṇa idam tvam hi me priyakṛtsutaḥ
10. O Pūru, I am pleased. May good fortune be yours. Accept this youth of your own, and indeed, accept this kingdom, for you are my dear son, who has pleased me.
प्रतिपेदे जरां राजा ययातिर्नाहुषस्तदा ।
यौवनं प्रतिपेदे च पूरुः स्वं पुनरात्मनः ॥११॥
11. pratipede jarāṁ rājā yayātirnāhuṣastadā ,
yauvanaṁ pratipede ca pūruḥ svaṁ punarātmanaḥ.
11. pratiipede jarām rājā yayātiḥ nāhuṣaḥ tadā
yauvanam pratiipede ca pūruḥ svam punaḥ ātmanaḥ
11. Then King Yayāti, the son of Nahuṣa, received old age, while Pūru, for his part, again received his own youth.
अभिषेक्तुकामं नृपतिं पूरुं पुत्रं कनीयसम् ।
ब्राह्मणप्रमुखा वर्णा इदं वचनमब्रुवन् ॥१२॥
12. abhiṣektukāmaṁ nṛpatiṁ pūruṁ putraṁ kanīyasam ,
brāhmaṇapramukhā varṇā idaṁ vacanamabruvan.
12. abhiṣektukāmam nṛpatim pūrum putram kanīyasam
brāhmaṇapramukhāḥ varṇāḥ idam vacanam abruvan
12. When the king desired to consecrate Pūru, his youngest son, the social classes headed by the Brahmins spoke these words.
कथं शुक्रस्य नप्तारं देवयान्याः सुतं प्रभो ।
ज्येष्ठं यदुमतिक्रम्य राज्यं पूरोः प्रदास्यसि ॥१३॥
13. kathaṁ śukrasya naptāraṁ devayānyāḥ sutaṁ prabho ,
jyeṣṭhaṁ yadumatikramya rājyaṁ pūroḥ pradāsyasi.
13. katham śukrasya naptāram devayānyāḥ sutam prabho
jyeṣṭham yadum atikramya rājyam pūroḥ pradāsyasi
13. O lord, how will you give the kingdom to Pūru, bypassing Yadu, the eldest, who is the grandson of Śukra and the son of Devayānī?
यदुर्ज्येष्ठस्तव सुतो जातस्तमनु तुर्वसुः ।
शर्मिष्ठायाः सुतो द्रुह्युस्ततोऽनुः पूरुरेव च ॥१४॥
14. yadurjyeṣṭhastava suto jātastamanu turvasuḥ ,
śarmiṣṭhāyāḥ suto druhyustato'nuḥ pūrureva ca.
14. yaduḥ jyeṣṭhaḥ tava sutaḥ jātaḥ tam anu turvasuḥ
śarmiṣṭhāyāḥ sutaḥ druhyuḥ tataḥ anuḥ pūruḥ eva ca
14. Yadu was born as your eldest son, and after him, Turvasu. Druhyu was the son of Śarmiṣṭhā, and then, in order, Anu and Pūru.
कथं ज्येष्ठानतिक्रम्य कनीयान्राज्यमर्हति ।
एतत्संबोधयामस्त्वां धर्मं त्वमनुपालय ॥१५॥
15. kathaṁ jyeṣṭhānatikramya kanīyānrājyamarhati ,
etatsaṁbodhayāmastvāṁ dharmaṁ tvamanupālaya.
15. katham jyeṣṭān atikramya kanīyān rājyam arhati
etat saṃbodhayāmaḥ tvām dharmam tvam anupālaya
15. How can a younger son be worthy of the kingdom, having superseded the elders? We inform you of this (principle); you must uphold dharma.
ययातिरुवाच ।
ब्राह्मणप्रमुखा वर्णाः सर्वे शृण्वन्तु मे वचः ।
ज्येष्ठं प्रति यथा राज्यं न देयं मे कथंचन ॥१६॥
16. yayātiruvāca ,
brāhmaṇapramukhā varṇāḥ sarve śṛṇvantu me vacaḥ ,
jyeṣṭhaṁ prati yathā rājyaṁ na deyaṁ me kathaṁcana.
16. yayātiḥ uvāca brāhmaṇapramukhāḥ varṇāḥ sarve śṛṇvantu me
vacaḥ jyeṣṭham prati yathā rājyam na deyam me kathaṃcana
16. Yayati said: 'All the varṇas, headed by the Brahmanas, listen to my words, as to why the kingdom should in no way be given by me to the eldest son.'
मम ज्येष्ठेन यदुना नियोगो नानुपालितः ।
प्रतिकूलः पितुर्यश्च न स पुत्रः सतां मतः ॥१७॥
17. mama jyeṣṭhena yadunā niyogo nānupālitaḥ ,
pratikūlaḥ pituryaśca na sa putraḥ satāṁ mataḥ.
17. mama jyeṣṭhena yadunā niyogaḥ na anupālitaḥ
pratīkūlaḥ pituḥ yaḥ ca na sa putraḥ satām mataḥ
17. My eldest son, Yadu, did not follow my command. And whoever is disobedient to his father is not considered a true son by the virtuous.
मातापित्रोर्वचनकृद्धितः पथ्यश्च यः सुतः ।
स पुत्रः पुत्रवद्यश्च वर्तते पितृमातृषु ॥१८॥
18. mātāpitrorvacanakṛddhitaḥ pathyaśca yaḥ sutaḥ ,
sa putraḥ putravadyaśca vartate pitṛmātṛṣu.
18. mātāpitroḥ vacanakṛt hitaḥ pathyaḥ ca yaḥ sutaḥ
sa putraḥ putravat yaḥ ca vartate pitṛmātṛṣu
18. That son who is obedient to his mother and father, beneficial, and wholesome, he is a true son; and he is one who behaves dutifully towards his parents.
यदुनाहमवज्ञातस्तथा तुर्वसुनापि च ।
द्रुह्युना चानुना चैव मय्यवज्ञा कृता भृशम् ॥१९॥
19. yadunāhamavajñātastathā turvasunāpi ca ,
druhyunā cānunā caiva mayyavajñā kṛtā bhṛśam.
19. yadunā aham avajñātaḥ tathā turvasunā api ca
druhyunā ca anunā ca eva mayi avajñā kṛtā bhṛśam
19. I was disregarded by Yadu, and similarly by Turvasu. Indeed, great contempt was shown to me by Druhyu and Anu as well.
पूरुणा मे कृतं वाक्यं मानितश्च विशेषतः ।
कनीयान्मम दायादो जरा येन धृता मम ।
मम कामः स च कृतः पूरुणा पुत्ररूपिणा ॥२०॥
20. pūruṇā me kṛtaṁ vākyaṁ mānitaśca viśeṣataḥ ,
kanīyānmama dāyādo jarā yena dhṛtā mama ,
mama kāmaḥ sa ca kṛtaḥ pūruṇā putrarūpiṇā.
20. pūruṇā me kṛtam vākyam mānitaḥ ca
viśeṣataḥ | kanīyān mama dāyādaḥ
jarā yena dhṛtā mama | mama kāmaḥ
saḥ ca kṛtaḥ pūruṇā putrarūpiṇā
20. Pūru has fulfilled my command and honored me greatly. He is my younger heir, and it is by him that my old age (infirmity) has been borne. Thus, my desire has been fulfilled by Pūru, who is like a son to me.
शुक्रेण च वरो दत्तः काव्येनोशनसा स्वयम् ।
पुत्रो यस्त्वानुवर्तेत स राजा पृथिवीपतिः ।
भवतोऽनुनयाम्येवं पूरू राज्येऽभिषिच्यताम् ॥२१॥
21. śukreṇa ca varo dattaḥ kāvyenośanasā svayam ,
putro yastvānuvarteta sa rājā pṛthivīpatiḥ ,
bhavato'nunayāmyevaṁ pūrū rājye'bhiṣicyatām.
21. śukreṇa ca varaḥ dattaḥ kāvyena uśanasā
svayam | putraḥ yaḥ tvā anuvarte-ta
saḥ rājā pṛthivīpatiḥ | bhavataḥ
anunayāmi evam pūruḥ rājye abhiṣicyatām
21. And a boon was granted by Śukra, Uśanas himself: "The son who obeys you, he shall be king, lord of the earth." Therefore, I implore you in this manner: "Let Pūru be anointed to the kingdom."
प्रकृतय ऊचुः ।
यः पुत्रो गुणसंपन्नो मातापित्रोर्हितः सदा ।
सर्वमर्हति कल्याणं कनीयानपि स प्रभो ॥२२॥
22. prakṛtaya ūcuḥ ,
yaḥ putro guṇasaṁpanno mātāpitrorhitaḥ sadā ,
sarvamarhati kalyāṇaṁ kanīyānapi sa prabho.
22. prakṛtayaḥ ūcuḥ | yaḥ putraḥ guṇasampannaḥ mātāpitroḥ
hitaḥ sadā | sarvam arhati kalyāṇam kanīyān api saḥ prabho
22. The subjects said: "O Lord, the son who is endowed with good qualities and is always devoted to the welfare of his parents, he deserves every prosperity, even if he is younger."
अर्हः पूरुरिदं राज्यं यः सुतः प्रियकृत्तव ।
वरदानेन शुक्रस्य न शक्यं वक्तुमुत्तरम् ॥२३॥
23. arhaḥ pūruridaṁ rājyaṁ yaḥ sutaḥ priyakṛttava ,
varadānena śukrasya na śakyaṁ vaktumuttaram.
23. arhaḥ pūruḥ idam rājyam yaḥ sutaḥ priyakṛt tava
| varadānena śukrasya na śakyam vaktum uttaram
23. Pūru is indeed worthy of this kingdom, he who is your son and pleasing to you. Because of Śukra's boon, no counter-argument can be made.
वैशंपायन उवाच ।
पौरजानपदैस्तुष्टैरित्युक्तो नाहुषस्तदा ।
अभ्यषिञ्चत्ततः पूरुं राज्ये स्वे सुतमात्मजम् ॥२४॥
24. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
paurajānapadaistuṣṭairityukto nāhuṣastadā ,
abhyaṣiñcattataḥ pūruṁ rājye sve sutamātmajam.
24. vaiśaṃpāyanaḥ uvāca | paurajānapadaiḥ tuṣṭaiḥ iti uktaḥ
nāhuṣaḥ tadā | abhyaṣiñcat tataḥ pūrum rājye sve sutam ātmajam
24. Vaiśaṃpāyana said: Then Nāhuṣa, thus addressed by the pleased urban and rural citizens, anointed Pūru, his own son, in his kingdom.
दत्त्वा च पूरवे राज्यं वनवासाय दीक्षितः ।
पुरात्स निर्ययौ राजा ब्राह्मणैस्तापसैः सह ॥२५॥
25. dattvā ca pūrave rājyaṁ vanavāsāya dīkṣitaḥ ,
purātsa niryayau rājā brāhmaṇaistāpasaiḥ saha.
25. dattvā ca pūrave rājyam vanavāsāya dīkṣitaḥ
purāt sa niryayau rājā brāhmaṇaiḥ tāpasaiḥ saha
25. Having bestowed the kingdom upon Pūru, and having resolved to dwell in the forest, the king departed from the city accompanied by Brahmins and ascetics.
यदोस्तु यादवा जातास्तुर्वसोर्यवनाः सुताः ।
द्रुह्योरपि सुता भोजा अनोस्तु म्लेच्छजातयः ॥२६॥
26. yadostu yādavā jātāsturvasoryavanāḥ sutāḥ ,
druhyorapi sutā bhojā anostu mlecchajātayaḥ.
26. yadoḥ tu yādavāḥ jātāḥ turvasoḥ yavanāḥ sutāḥ
druhyoḥ api sutāḥ bhojāḥ anoḥ tu mlecchajātayaḥ
26. From Yadu, the Yadavas were born. From Turvasu came the Yavana descendants. From Druhyu came the Bhoja descendants. And from Anu, the Mleccha races originated.
पूरोस्तु पौरवो वंशो यत्र जातोऽसि पार्थिव ।
इदं वर्षसहस्राय राज्यं कारयितुं वशी ॥२७॥
27. pūrostu pauravo vaṁśo yatra jāto'si pārthiva ,
idaṁ varṣasahasrāya rājyaṁ kārayituṁ vaśī.
27. pūroḥ tu pauravaḥ vaṃśaḥ yatra jātaḥ asi pārthiva
idam varṣasahasrāya rājyam kārayitum vaśī
27. But from Pūru sprang the Paurava lineage, in which you, O king, were born. You are capable of ruling this kingdom for a thousand years.