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महाभारतः       mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-11

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डुण्डुभ उवाच ।
सखा बभूव मे पूर्वं खगमो नाम वै द्विजः ।
भृशं संशितवाक्तात तपोबलसमन्वितः ॥१॥
1. ḍuṇḍubha uvāca ,
sakhā babhūva me pūrvaṁ khagamo nāma vai dvijaḥ ,
bhṛśaṁ saṁśitavāktāta tapobalasamanvitaḥ.
1. ḍuṇḍubhaḥ uvāca sakhā babhūva me pūrvam khagamaḥ nāma
vai dvijaḥ bhṛśam saṃśitavāk tāta tapobalasamanvitaḥ
1. The Ḍuṇḍubha said: "O dear one, I formerly had a friend, a Brahmin named Khagama, who was very sharp-tongued and endowed with the power of asceticism."
स मया क्रीडता बाल्ये कृत्वा तार्णमथोरगम् ।
अग्निहोत्रे प्रसक्तः सन्भीषितः प्रमुमोह वै ॥२॥
2. sa mayā krīḍatā bālye kṛtvā tārṇamathoragam ,
agnihotre prasaktaḥ sanbhīṣitaḥ pramumoha vai.
2. sa mayā krīḍatā bālye kṛtvā tārṇam atha uragam
agnihotre prasaktaḥ san bhīṣitaḥ pramumoha vai
2. While I was playing in childhood, I made a snake out of grass. I frightened him (the ascetic) while he was absorbed in his Agnihotra ritual, and he fainted.
लब्ध्वा च स पुनः संज्ञां मामुवाच तपोधनः ।
निर्दहन्निव कोपेन सत्यवाक्संशितव्रतः ॥३॥
3. labdhvā ca sa punaḥ saṁjñāṁ māmuvāca tapodhanaḥ ,
nirdahanniva kopena satyavāksaṁśitavrataḥ.
3. labdhvā ca sa punaḥ saṃjñām mām uvāca tapodhanaḥ
nirdahan iva kopena satyavāk saṃśitavrataḥ
3. And having regained consciousness, that ascetic, firm in his vows and truthful in speech, spoke to me as if burning me with his anger.
यथावीर्यस्त्वया सर्पः कृतोऽयं मद्बिभीषया ।
तथावीर्यो भुजंगस्त्वं मम कोपाद्भविष्यसि ॥४॥
4. yathāvīryastvayā sarpaḥ kṛto'yaṁ madbibhīṣayā ,
tathāvīryo bhujaṁgastvaṁ mama kopādbhaviṣyasi.
4. yathāvīryaḥ tvayā sarpaḥ kṛtaḥ ayam mat-bibhīṣayā
tathāvīryaḥ bhujaṅgaḥ tvam mama kopāt bhaviṣyasi
4. Just as this snake of such power was made by you to frighten me, so you shall become a serpent of equal potency, due to my anger.
तस्याहं तपसो वीर्यं जानमानस्तपोधन ।
भृशमुद्विग्नहृदयस्तमवोचं वनौकसम् ॥५॥
5. tasyāhaṁ tapaso vīryaṁ jānamānastapodhana ,
bhṛśamudvignahṛdayastamavocaṁ vanaukasam.
5. tasya aham tapasaḥ vīryam jānamānaḥ tapodhana
bhṛśam udvignahṛdayaḥ tam avocam vanaukasam
5. Knowing the power of his penance, O ascetic, I, with a greatly agitated heart, spoke to that forest-dweller.
प्रयतः संभ्रमाच्चैव प्राञ्जलिः प्रणतः स्थितः ।
सखेति हसतेदं ते नर्मार्थं वै कृतं मया ॥६॥
6. prayataḥ saṁbhramāccaiva prāñjaliḥ praṇataḥ sthitaḥ ,
sakheti hasatedaṁ te narmārthaṁ vai kṛtaṁ mayā.
6. prayataḥ saṃbhramāt ca eva prāñjaliḥ praṇataḥ sthitaḥ
sakhe iti hasatā idam te narmārtham vai kṛtam mayā
6. Reverent and also agitated, I stood with folded hands, bowing down. 'O friend,' I said, 'this was indeed done by me as a joke, for fun.'
क्षन्तुमर्हसि मे ब्रह्मञ्शापोऽयं विनिवर्त्यताम् ।
सोऽथ मामब्रवीद्दृष्ट्वा भृशमुद्विग्नचेतसम् ॥७॥
7. kṣantumarhasi me brahmañśāpo'yaṁ vinivartyatām ,
so'tha māmabravīddṛṣṭvā bhṛśamudvignacetasam.
7. kṣantum arhasi me brahman śāpaḥ ayam vinivartyatām
saḥ atha mām abravīt dṛṣṭvā bhṛśam udvignacetasam
7. O Brahmin, please forgive me; let this curse be withdrawn. Then, seeing my mind greatly agitated, he spoke to me.
मुहुरुष्णं विनिःश्वस्य सुसंभ्रान्तस्तपोधनः ।
नानृतं वै मया प्रोक्तं भवितेदं कथंचन ॥८॥
8. muhuruṣṇaṁ viniḥśvasya susaṁbhrāntastapodhanaḥ ,
nānṛtaṁ vai mayā proktaṁ bhavitedaṁ kathaṁcana.
8. muhuḥ uṣṇam viniḥśvasya susaṁbhrāntaḥ tapodhanaḥ
na anṛtam vai mayā proktam bhavitā idam kathaṁcana
8. Sighing hot breaths repeatedly, the deeply agitated ascetic said: 'What I have spoken is certainly not false; this will inevitably come to pass.'
यत्तु वक्ष्यामि ते वाक्यं शृणु तन्मे धृतव्रत ।
श्रुत्वा च हृदि ते वाक्यमिदमस्तु तपोधन ॥९॥
9. yattu vakṣyāmi te vākyaṁ śṛṇu tanme dhṛtavrata ,
śrutvā ca hṛdi te vākyamidamastu tapodhana.
9. yat tu vakṣyāmi te vākyam śṛṇu tat me dhṛtavrata
śrutvā ca hṛdi te vākyam idam astu tapodhana
9. But listen to the words I will speak to you, O steadfast one. And, O ascetic, once you have heard these words, let them remain in your heart.
उत्पत्स्यति रुरुर्नाम प्रमतेरात्मजः शुचिः ।
तं दृष्ट्वा शापमोक्षस्ते भविता नचिरादिव ॥१०॥
10. utpatsyati rururnāma pramaterātmajaḥ śuciḥ ,
taṁ dṛṣṭvā śāpamokṣaste bhavitā nacirādiva.
10. utpatsyati ruruḥ nāma pramateḥ ātmajaḥ śuciḥ
tam dṛṣṭvā śāpamokṣaḥ te bhavitā na cirāt iva
10. A pure son named Ruru will be born of Pramati. Upon seeing him, your release from the curse will occur very soon.
स त्वं रुरुरिति ख्यातः प्रमतेरात्मजः शुचिः ।
स्वरूपं प्रतिलभ्याहमद्य वक्ष्यामि ते हितम् ॥११॥
11. sa tvaṁ rururiti khyātaḥ pramaterātmajaḥ śuciḥ ,
svarūpaṁ pratilabhyāhamadya vakṣyāmi te hitam.
11. saḥ tvam ruruḥ iti khyātaḥ pramateḥ ātmajaḥ śuciḥ
svarūpam pratilabhya aham adya vakṣyāmi te hitam
11. You (the cursed one) are that Ruru, known as the pure son of Pramati. After I have regained my true form, I will speak to you today what is beneficial.
अहिंसा परमो धर्मः सर्वप्राणभृतां स्मृतः ।
तस्मात्प्राणभृतः सर्वान्न हिंस्याद्ब्राह्मणः क्वचित् ॥१२॥
12. ahiṁsā paramo dharmaḥ sarvaprāṇabhṛtāṁ smṛtaḥ ,
tasmātprāṇabhṛtaḥ sarvānna hiṁsyādbrāhmaṇaḥ kvacit.
12. ahiṃsā paramaḥ dharmaḥ sarvaprāṇabhṛtām smṛtaḥ tasmāt
prāṇabhṛtaḥ sarvān na hiṃsyāt brāhmaṇaḥ kvacit
12. Non-violence is considered the supreme duty for all living beings. Therefore, a Brāhmaṇa should never harm any living creature.
ब्राह्मणः सौम्य एवेह जायतेति परा श्रुतिः ।
वेदवेदाङ्गवित्तात सर्वभूताभयप्रदः ॥१३॥
13. brāhmaṇaḥ saumya eveha jāyateti parā śrutiḥ ,
vedavedāṅgavittāta sarvabhūtābhayapradaḥ.
13. brāhmaṇaḥ saumyaḥ eva iha jāyate iti parā śrutiḥ
vedavedāṅgavit tāta sarvabhūtābhayapradaḥ
13. "A Brāhmaṇa is indeed born gentle and benevolent in this world"—this is the supreme Vedic declaration. O dear one, such a Brāhmaṇa is a knower of the Vedas and Vedangas, and a bestower of fearlessness to all beings.
अहिंसा सत्यवचनं क्षमा चेति विनिश्चितम् ।
ब्राह्मणस्य परो धर्मो वेदानां धरणादपि ॥१४॥
14. ahiṁsā satyavacanaṁ kṣamā ceti viniścitam ,
brāhmaṇasya paro dharmo vedānāṁ dharaṇādapi.
14. ahiṃsā satyavacanam kṣamā ca iti viniścitam
brāhmaṇasya paraḥ dharmaḥ vedānām dharaṇāt api
14. Non-violence, truthfulness, and forgiveness—these are definitively declared as the supreme duty of a Brāhmaṇa, even more so than the study and preservation of the Vedas.
क्षत्रियस्य तु यो धर्मः स नेहेष्यति वै तव ।
दण्डधारणमुग्रत्वं प्रजानां परिपालनम् ॥१५॥
15. kṣatriyasya tu yo dharmaḥ sa neheṣyati vai tava ,
daṇḍadhāraṇamugratvaṁ prajānāṁ paripālanam.
15. kṣatriyasya tu yaḥ dharmaḥ sa na iha iṣyati vai
tava daṇḍadhāraṇam ugratvam prajānām paripālanam
15. But the duty that belongs to a Kṣatriya is certainly not appropriate for you here. That duty involves wielding the scepter of punishment, exhibiting sternness, and protecting the subjects.
तदिदं क्षत्रियस्यासीत्कर्म वै शृणु मे रुरो ।
जनमेजयस्य धर्मात्मन्सर्पाणां हिंसनं पुरा ॥१६॥
16. tadidaṁ kṣatriyasyāsītkarma vai śṛṇu me ruro ,
janamejayasya dharmātmansarpāṇāṁ hiṁsanaṁ purā.
16. tat idam kṣatriyasya āsīt karma vai śṛṇu me ruro
janamejayasya dharmātman sarpāṇām hiṃsanam purā
16. This, indeed, was the duty of a Kṣatriya. Listen to me, O Ruru! O virtuous one, (it was exemplified by) Janamejaya's slaying of serpents in the past.
परित्राणं च भीतानां सर्पाणां ब्राह्मणादपि ।
तपोवीर्यबलोपेताद्वेदवेदाङ्गपारगात् ।
आस्तीकाद्द्विजमुख्याद्वै सर्पसत्रे द्विजोत्तम ॥१७॥
17. paritrāṇaṁ ca bhītānāṁ sarpāṇāṁ brāhmaṇādapi ,
tapovīryabalopetādvedavedāṅgapāragāt ,
āstīkāddvijamukhyādvai sarpasatre dvijottama.
17. paritrāṇam ca bhītānām sarpāṇām
brāhmaṇāt api | tapovīryabalopetāt
vedavedāṅgapāragāt | āstīkāt
dvijamukhyāt vai sarpasatre dvijottama
17. O best of twice-born, in the serpent sacrifice, protection for the frightened serpents was brought about by Āstīka himself, even though he was a Brāhmaṇa. He was the chief among the twice-born, endowed with ascetic power and strength, and a master of the Vedas and Vedāngas.