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महाभारतः       mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-75

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भीष्म उवाच ।
योगक्षेमो हि राष्ट्रस्य राजन्यायत्त उच्यते ।
योगक्षेमश्च राज्ञोऽपि समायत्तः पुरोहिते ॥१॥
1. bhīṣma uvāca ,
yogakṣemo hi rāṣṭrasya rājanyāyatta ucyate ,
yogakṣemaśca rājño'pi samāyattaḥ purohite.
1. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca yogakṣemaḥ hi rāṣṭrasya rājani āyattaḥ
ucyate yogakṣemaḥ ca rājñaḥ api samāyattaḥ purohite
1. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca.
hi rāṣṭrasya yogakṣemaḥ rājani āyattaḥ ucyate.
rājñaḥ api yogakṣemaḥ ca purohite samāyattaḥ (ucyate).
1. Bhishma said: "Indeed, the welfare and security (yogakṣema) of the kingdom are declared to be dependent on the king. And the welfare and security (yogakṣema) of the king himself are completely dependent on the royal priest."
यतादृष्टं भयं ब्रह्म प्रजानां शमयत्युत ।
दृष्टं च राजा बाहुभ्यां तद्राष्ट्रं सुखमेधते ॥२॥
2. yatādṛṣṭaṁ bhayaṁ brahma prajānāṁ śamayatyuta ,
dṛṣṭaṁ ca rājā bāhubhyāṁ tadrāṣṭraṁ sukhamedhate.
2. yat adṛṣṭam bhayam brahma prajānām śamayati uta
dṛṣṭam ca rājā bāhubhyām tat rāṣṭram sukham edhate
2. yat adṛṣṭam bhayam prajānām brahma uta śamayati,
ca dṛṣṭam (bhayam) rājā bāhubhyām (śamayati),
tat rāṣṭram sukham edhate.
2. Since the spiritual power (brahman) indeed pacifies the unseen dangers of the subjects, and the king (pacifies) the visible dangers with his might, that kingdom prospers happily.
अत्राप्युदाहरन्तीममितिहासं पुरातनम् ।
मुचुकुन्दस्य संवादं राज्ञो वैश्रवणस्य च ॥३॥
3. atrāpyudāharantīmamitihāsaṁ purātanam ,
mucukundasya saṁvādaṁ rājño vaiśravaṇasya ca.
3. atra api udāharanti imam itihāsam purātanam
mucukundasya saṃvādam rājñaḥ vaiśravaṇasya ca
3. atra api imam purātanam itihāsam mucukundasya
rājñaḥ vaiśravaṇasya ca saṃvādam udāharanti
3. In this context, they also cite this ancient narrative, which is the dialogue between Muchukunda and King Vaiśravaṇa.
मुचुकुन्दो विजित्येमां पृथिवीं पृथिवीपतिः ।
जिज्ञासमानः स्वबलमभ्ययादलकाधिपम् ॥४॥
4. mucukundo vijityemāṁ pṛthivīṁ pṛthivīpatiḥ ,
jijñāsamānaḥ svabalamabhyayādalakādhipam.
4. mucukundaḥ vijitya imām pṛthivīm pṛthivīpatiḥ
jijñāsamānaḥ svabalam abhyayāt alakādhipam
4. pṛthivīpatiḥ mucukundaḥ imām pṛthivīm vijitya
svabalam jijñāsamānaḥ alakādhipam abhyayāt
4. Muchukunda, the lord of the earth, after conquering this earth, and wishing to know his own strength, approached the lord of Alaka (Kubera).
ततो वैश्रवणो राजा रक्षांसि समवासृजत् ।
ते बलान्यवमृद्नन्तः प्राचरंस्तस्य नैरृताः ॥५॥
5. tato vaiśravaṇo rājā rakṣāṁsi samavāsṛjat ,
te balānyavamṛdnantaḥ prācaraṁstasya nairṛtāḥ.
5. tataḥ vaiśravaṇaḥ rājā rakṣāṃsi samavāsṛjat te
balāni avamṛdnantaḥ prācaran tasya nairṛtāḥ
5. tataḥ rājā vaiśravaṇaḥ rakṣāṃsi samavāsṛjat te
nairṛtāḥ tasya balāni avamṛdnantaḥ prācaran
5. Then King Vaiśravaṇa released the Rākṣasas. Those Rākṣasas, crushing his forces, advanced.
स हन्यमाने सैन्ये स्वे मुचुकुन्दो नराधिपः ।
गर्हयामास विद्वांसं पुरोहितमरिंदमः ॥६॥
6. sa hanyamāne sainye sve mucukundo narādhipaḥ ,
garhayāmāsa vidvāṁsaṁ purohitamariṁdamaḥ.
6. saḥ hanyamāne sainye sve mucukundaḥ narādhipaḥ
garhayāmāsa vidvāṃsam purohitam ariṃdamaḥ
6. sve sainye hanyamāne saḥ ariṃdamaḥ narādhipaḥ
mucukundaḥ vidvāṃsam purohitam garhayāmāsa
6. As his own army was being destroyed, Muchukunda, the king and subduer of enemies, blamed his wise priest.
तत उग्रं तपस्तप्त्वा वसिष्ठो ब्रह्मवित्तमः ।
रक्षांस्यपावधीत्तत्र पन्थानं चाप्यविन्दत ॥७॥
7. tata ugraṁ tapastaptvā vasiṣṭho brahmavittamaḥ ,
rakṣāṁsyapāvadhīttatra panthānaṁ cāpyavindata.
7. tataḥ ugram tapaḥ taptvā vasiṣṭhaḥ brahmavittamaḥ
rakṣāṃsi apāvadhīt tatra panthānam ca api avindata
7. tataḥ brahmavittamaḥ vasiṣṭhaḥ ugram tapaḥ taptvā
tatra rakṣāṃsi apāvadhīt ca panthānam api avindata
7. Thereafter, Vasiṣṭha, who was the foremost among those who know Brahman (brahman), having performed intense asceticism (tapas), destroyed the Rākṣasas there and also discovered the path.
ततो वैश्रवणो राजा मुचुकुन्दमदर्शयत् ।
वध्यमानेषु सैन्येषु वचनं चेदमब्रवीत् ॥८॥
8. tato vaiśravaṇo rājā mucukundamadarśayat ,
vadhyamāneṣu sainyeṣu vacanaṁ cedamabravīt.
8. tataḥ vaiśravaṇaḥ rājā mucukundam adarśayat
vadhyamāneṣu sainyaṣu vacanam ca idam abravīt
8. tataḥ rājā vaiśravaṇaḥ mucukundam adarśayat
vadhyamāneṣu sainyaṣu ca idam vacanam abravīt
8. Then King Vaiśravaṇa (Kubera) appeared before Mucukunda. While his armies were being slaughtered, he spoke these words.
त्वत्तो हि बलिनः पूर्वे राजानः सपुरोहिताः ।
न चैवं समवर्तंस्ते यथा त्वमिह वर्तसे ॥९॥
9. tvatto hi balinaḥ pūrve rājānaḥ sapurohitāḥ ,
na caivaṁ samavartaṁste yathā tvamiha vartase.
9. tvattaḥ hi balinaḥ pūrve rājānaḥ sapurohitāḥ na
ca evam samavartaṃste yathā tvam iha vartase
9. hi pūrve sapurohitāḥ rājānaḥ tvattaḥ balinaḥ ca
te evam na samavartaṃste yathā tvam iha vartase
9. Indeed, earlier kings, along with their priests, were more powerful than you. Yet, they did not conduct themselves in the manner that you do here.
ते खल्वपि कृतास्त्राश्च बलवन्तश्च भूमिपाः ।
आगम्य पर्युपासन्ते मामीशं सुखदुःखयोः ॥१०॥
10. te khalvapi kṛtāstrāśca balavantaśca bhūmipāḥ ,
āgamya paryupāsante māmīśaṁ sukhaduḥkhayoḥ.
10. te khalu api kṛtāstrāḥ ca balavantaḥ ca bhūmipāḥ
āgamya paryupāsante mām īśam sukhaduḥkhayoḥ
10. khalu api te kṛtāstrāḥ ca balavantaḥ ca bhūmipāḥ
āgamya sukhaduḥkhayoḥ īśam mām paryupāsante
10. Indeed, even those kings, who were skilled with weapons and powerful protectors of the earth, approached and served me, the Lord of both happiness and sorrow.
यद्यस्ति बाहुवीर्यं ते तद्दर्शयितुमर्हसि ।
किं ब्राह्मणबलेन त्वमतिमात्रं प्रवर्तसे ॥११॥
11. yadyasti bāhuvīryaṁ te taddarśayitumarhasi ,
kiṁ brāhmaṇabalena tvamatimātraṁ pravartase.
11. yadi asti bāhuvīryam te tat darśayitum arhasi
kim brāhmaṇabalena tvam atimātram pravartase
11. yadi te bāhuvīryam asti tat darśayitum arhasi
kim tvam brāhmaṇabalena atimātram pravartase
11. If you possess the strength of your arms, you should demonstrate it. Why do you act so excessively by relying on the power of Brahmins?
मुचुकुन्दस्ततः क्रुद्धः प्रत्युवाच धनेश्वरम् ।
न्यायपूर्वमसंरब्धमसंभ्रान्तमिदं वचः ॥१२॥
12. mucukundastataḥ kruddhaḥ pratyuvāca dhaneśvaram ,
nyāyapūrvamasaṁrabdhamasaṁbhrāntamidaṁ vacaḥ.
12. mucukundaḥ tataḥ kruddhaḥ prati uvāca dhaneśvaram
nyāyapūrvam asaṃrabdham asaṃbhrāntam idam vacaḥ
12. tataḥ mucukundaḥ kruddhaḥ dhaneśvaram prati idam
nyāyapūrvam asaṃrabdham asaṃbhrāntam vacaḥ uvāca
12. Then, Muchukunda, becoming angry, replied to the Lord of Wealth (Kubera) with these just, unagitated, and collected words.
ब्रह्मक्षत्रमिदं सृष्टमेकयोनि स्वयंभुवा ।
पृथग्बलविधानं च तल्लोकं परिरक्षति ॥१३॥
13. brahmakṣatramidaṁ sṛṣṭamekayoni svayaṁbhuvā ,
pṛthagbalavidhānaṁ ca tallokaṁ parirakṣati.
13. brahmakṣatram idam sṛṣṭam ekayoni svayaṃbhuvā
pṛthak balavidhānam ca tat lokam parirakṣati
13. idam brahmakṣatram ekayoni svayaṃbhuvā sṛṣṭam.
ca tat pṛthak balavidhānam lokam parirakṣati.
13. This Brahmin-Kshatriya (brahmakṣatra) order was created by the Self-existent (Svayambhū) with a single origin. And this system, with its distinct distribution of power, protects the world.
तपोमन्त्रबलं नित्यं ब्राह्मणेषु प्रतिष्ठितम् ।
अस्त्रबाहुबलं नित्यं क्षत्रियेषु प्रतिष्ठितम् ॥१४॥
14. tapomantrabalaṁ nityaṁ brāhmaṇeṣu pratiṣṭhitam ,
astrabāhubalaṁ nityaṁ kṣatriyeṣu pratiṣṭhitam.
14. tapomantrabalam nityam brāhmaṇeṣu pratiṣṭhitam
astrabāhubalam nityam kṣatriyeṣu pratiṣṭhitam
14. tapomantrabalam nityam brāhmaṇeṣu pratiṣṭhitam.
astrabāhubalam nityam kṣatriyeṣu pratiṣṭhitam.
14. The power derived from asceticism (tapas) and sacred formulas (mantra) is always established among Brahmins. The power of weapons and physical might is always established among Kshatriyas.
ताभ्यां संभूय कर्तव्यं प्रजानां परिपालनम् ।
तथा च मां प्रवर्तन्तं गर्हयस्यलकाधिप ॥१५॥
15. tābhyāṁ saṁbhūya kartavyaṁ prajānāṁ paripālanam ,
tathā ca māṁ pravartantaṁ garhayasyalakādhipa.
15. tābhyām saṃbhūya kartavyam prajānām paripālanam
tathā ca mām pravartantam garhayasi alakādhipa
15. alakādhipa tābhyām saṃbhūya prajānām paripālanam
kartavyam tathā ca mām pravartantam garhayasi
15. O Lord of Alaka, you criticize me, who is acting in this manner, even though the protection of the subjects should be undertaken jointly by both of you.
ततोऽब्रवीद्वैश्रवणो राजानं सपुरोहितम् ।
नाहं राज्यमनिर्दिष्टं कस्मैचिद्विदधाम्युत ॥१६॥
16. tato'bravīdvaiśravaṇo rājānaṁ sapurohitam ,
nāhaṁ rājyamanirdiṣṭaṁ kasmaicidvidadhāmyuta.
16. tataḥ abravīt vaiśravaṇaḥ rājānam sa-purohitam na
aham rājyam anirddiṣṭam kasmai cit vidadhāmi uta
16. tataḥ vaiśravaṇaḥ sa-purohitam rājānam abravīt aham
anirddiṣṭam rājyam kasmai cit na uta vidadhāmi
16. Then Vaiśravaṇa (Kubera) spoke to the king, who was accompanied by his priest: "I do not bestow an undesignated kingdom upon anyone."
नाच्छिन्दे चापि निर्दिष्टमिति जानीहि पार्थिव ।
प्रशाधि पृथिवीं वीर मद्दत्तामखिलामिमाम् ॥१७॥
17. nācchinde cāpi nirdiṣṭamiti jānīhi pārthiva ,
praśādhi pṛthivīṁ vīra maddattāmakhilāmimām.
17. na ācchinde ca api nirddiṣṭam iti jānīhi pārthiva
praśādhi pṛthivīm vīra mat-dattām akhilām imām
17. pārthiva iti jānīhi (yat) nirddiṣṭam (tat) ca api na
ācchinde vīra imām akhilām mat-dattām pṛthivīm praśādhi
17. "And know this, O King, I do not take away even what has been designated. O hero, rule this entire earth, which has been given by me."
मुचुकुन्द उवाच ।
नाहं राज्यं भवद्दत्तं भोक्तुमिच्छामि पार्थिव ।
बाहुवीर्यार्जितं राज्यमश्नीयामिति कामये ॥१८॥
18. mucukunda uvāca ,
nāhaṁ rājyaṁ bhavaddattaṁ bhoktumicchāmi pārthiva ,
bāhuvīryārjitaṁ rājyamaśnīyāmiti kāmaye.
18. mucukunda uvāca na aham rājyam bhavat-dattam bhoktum icchāmi
pārthiva bāhu-vīrya-arjjitam rājyam aśnīyām iti kāmaye
18. mucukunda uvāca pārthiva aham bhavat-dattam rājyam bhoktum
na icchāmi bāhu-vīrya-arjjitam rājyam aśnīyām iti kāmaye
18. Muchukunda said: "O Lord (Pārthiva), I do not wish to rule a kingdom given by you. My desire is to rule a kingdom acquired by the strength of my own arms."
भीष्म उवाच ।
ततो वैश्रवणो राजा विस्मयं परमं ययौ ।
क्षत्रधर्मे स्थितं दृष्ट्वा मुचुकुन्दमसंभ्रमम् ॥१९॥
19. bhīṣma uvāca ,
tato vaiśravaṇo rājā vismayaṁ paramaṁ yayau ,
kṣatradharme sthitaṁ dṛṣṭvā mucukundamasaṁbhramam.
19. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca | tataḥ vaiśravaṇaḥ rājā vismayam paramam
yayau | kṣatradharme sthitam dṛṣṭvā mucukundam asaṃbhramam
19. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca tataḥ rājā vaiśravaṇaḥ kṣatradharme
asaṃbhramam sthitam mucukundam dṛṣṭvā paramam vismayam yayau
19. Bhishma said: Then King Vaishravana was greatly astonished, having seen Muchukunda remain unperturbed in his warrior's intrinsic nature (kṣatradharma).
ततो राजा मुचुकुन्दः सोऽन्वशासद्वसुंधराम् ।
बाहुवीर्यार्जितां सम्यक्क्षत्रधर्ममनुव्रतः ॥२०॥
20. tato rājā mucukundaḥ so'nvaśāsadvasuṁdharām ,
bāhuvīryārjitāṁ samyakkṣatradharmamanuvrataḥ.
20. tataḥ rājā mucukundaḥ saḥ anvaśāsat vasuṃdharām |
bāhuvīrya arjitām samyak kṣatradharmam anuvrataḥ
20. tataḥ mucukundaḥ rājā saḥ kṣatradharmam anuvrataḥ
bāhuvīrya-arjitām vasuṃdharām samyak anvaśāsat
20. Then King Muchukunda, who was devoted to the warrior's intrinsic nature (kṣatradharma), properly ruled the earth, which he had acquired by the strength of his arms.
एवं यो ब्रह्मविद्राजा ब्रह्मपूर्वं प्रवर्तते ।
जयत्यविजितामुर्वीं यशश्च महदश्नुते ॥२१॥
21. evaṁ yo brahmavidrājā brahmapūrvaṁ pravartate ,
jayatyavijitāmurvīṁ yaśaśca mahadaśnute.
21. evam yaḥ brahmavit rājā brahma-pūrvam pravartate
| jayati avijitām urvīm yaśaḥ ca mahat aśnute
21. evam yaḥ brahmavit rājā brahma-pūrvam pravartate,
(saḥ) avijitām urvīm jayati,
ca mahat yaśaḥ aśnute
21. Thus, whichever king, being a knower of Brahman (brahman), acts with Brahman (brahman) as his foremost principle, he conquers the unconquered earth and attains great fame.
नित्योदको ब्राह्मणः स्यान्नित्यशस्त्रश्च क्षत्रियः ।
तयोर्हि सर्वमायत्तं यत्किंचिज्जगतीगतम् ॥२२॥
22. nityodako brāhmaṇaḥ syānnityaśastraśca kṣatriyaḥ ,
tayorhi sarvamāyattaṁ yatkiṁcijjagatīgatam.
22. nitya-udakaḥ brāhmaṇaḥ syāt nitya-śastraḥ ca kṣatriyaḥ
| tayoḥ hi sarvam āyattam yat kiṃcit jagatī-gatam
22. brāhmaṇaḥ nitya-udakaḥ syāt,
ca kṣatriyaḥ nitya-śastraḥ (syāt) hi yat kiṃcit jagatī-gatam sarvam tayoḥ āyattam
22. A Brahmin should always be prepared with water (for rituals), and a Kshatriya should always be ready with weapons. For indeed, all that exists in the world depends upon these two.