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महाभारतः       mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-108

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युधिष्ठिर उवाच ।
ब्राह्मणक्षत्रियविशां शूद्राणां च परंतप ।
धर्मो वृत्तं च वृत्तिश्च वृत्त्युपायफलानि च ॥१॥
1. yudhiṣṭhira uvāca ,
brāhmaṇakṣatriyaviśāṁ śūdrāṇāṁ ca paraṁtapa ,
dharmo vṛttaṁ ca vṛttiśca vṛttyupāyaphalāni ca.
1. yudhiṣṭhiraḥ uvāca brāhmaṇakṣatriyaviśām śūdrāṇām ca
paraṃtapa dharmaḥ vṛttam ca vṛttiḥ ca vṛttyupāyaphalāni ca
1. yudhiṣṭhiraḥ uvāca paraṃtapa brāhmaṇakṣatriyaviśām ca
śūdrāṇām dharmaḥ ca vṛttam ca vṛttiḥ ca vṛttyupāyaphalāni ca
1. Yudhishthira said: O tormentor of foes (paraṃtapa), [tell me about] the constitution (dharma), the conduct, the livelihood, and the means and results of livelihood for Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas, and Shudras.
राज्ञां वृत्तं च कोशश्च कोशसंजननं महत् ।
अमात्यगुणवृद्धिश्च प्रकृतीनां च वर्धनम् ॥२॥
2. rājñāṁ vṛttaṁ ca kośaśca kośasaṁjananaṁ mahat ,
amātyaguṇavṛddhiśca prakṛtīnāṁ ca vardhanam.
2. rājñām vṛttam ca kośaḥ ca kośasaṃjananam mahat
amātyaguṇavṛddhiḥ ca prakṛtīnām ca vardhanam
2. rājñām vṛttam ca kośaḥ ca mahat kośasaṃjananam
ca amātyaguṇavṛddhiḥ ca prakṛtīnām vardhanam
2. [Tell me about] the conduct of kings, their treasury, the substantial generation of wealth, the enhancement of ministers' qualities, and the prosperity of the kingdom's constituents (prakṛti).
षाड्गुण्यगुणकल्पश्च सेनानीतिस्तथैव च ।
दुष्टस्य च परिज्ञानमदुष्टस्य च लक्षणम् ॥३॥
3. ṣāḍguṇyaguṇakalpaśca senānītistathaiva ca ,
duṣṭasya ca parijñānamaduṣṭasya ca lakṣaṇam.
3. ṣāḍguṇyaguṇakalpaḥ ca senānītiḥ tathā eva ca
duṣṭasya ca parijñānam aduṣṭasya ca lakṣaṇam
3. ca ṣāḍguṇyaguṇakalpaḥ ca tathā eva senānītiḥ
ca duṣṭasya parijñānam ca aduṣṭasya lakṣaṇam
3. [Tell me about] the proper application of the six attributes of statecraft, military policy, the identification of the wicked, and the characteristics of the virtuous.
समहीनाधिकानां च यथावल्लक्षणोच्चयः ।
मध्यमस्य च तुष्ट्यर्थं यथा स्थेयं विवर्धता ॥४॥
4. samahīnādhikānāṁ ca yathāvallakṣaṇoccayaḥ ,
madhyamasya ca tuṣṭyarthaṁ yathā stheyaṁ vivardhatā.
4. samahīnādhikānām ca yathāvat lakṣaṇoccayaḥ
madhyamasya ca tuṣṭyartham yathā stheyam vivardhatā
4. ca samahīnādhikānām yathāvat lakṣaṇoccayaḥ ca
madhyamasya tuṣṭyartham yathā vivardhatā stheyam
4. [Tell me about] the precise determination of the characteristics of equals, inferiors, and superiors, and how a king, while prospering, should act to satisfy a neutral party.
क्षीणसंग्रहवृत्तिश्च यथावत्संप्रकीर्तिता ।
लघुनादेशरूपेण ग्रन्थयोगेन भारत ॥५॥
5. kṣīṇasaṁgrahavṛttiśca yathāvatsaṁprakīrtitā ,
laghunādeśarūpeṇa granthayogena bhārata.
5. kṣīṇasaṅgrahavṛttiḥ ca yathāvat saṃprakīrtitā
laghunā ādeśarūpeṇa granthayogena bhārata
5. bhārata ca kṣīṇasaṅgrahavṛttiḥ laghunā
ādeśarūpeṇa granthayogena yathāvat saṃprakīrtitā
5. O Bhārata, the practice of diminished hoarding or accumulation is properly explained in a concise form of instruction, by means of a textual compilation.
विजिगीषोस्तथावृत्तमुक्तं चैव तथैव ते ।
गणानां वृत्तिमिच्छामि श्रोतुं मतिमतां वर ॥६॥
6. vijigīṣostathāvṛttamuktaṁ caiva tathaiva te ,
gaṇānāṁ vṛttimicchāmi śrotuṁ matimatāṁ vara.
6. vijigīṣoḥ tathā vṛttam uktam ca eva tathā eva
te gaṇānām vṛttim icchāmi śrotum matimatām vara
6. matimatām vara te vijigīṣoḥ tathā vṛttam ca eva
tathā eva uktam gaṇānām vṛttim śrotum icchāmi
6. And similarly, the conduct of one desirous of victory has been explained to you. O best among the intelligent, I wish to hear about the conduct of the assemblies (gaṇa).
यथा गणाः प्रवर्धन्ते न भिद्यन्ते च भारत ।
अरीन्हि विजिगीषन्ते सुहृदः प्राप्नुवन्ति च ॥७॥
7. yathā gaṇāḥ pravardhante na bhidyante ca bhārata ,
arīnhi vijigīṣante suhṛdaḥ prāpnuvanti ca.
7. yathā gaṇāḥ pravardhante na bhidyante ca bhārata
arīn hi vijigīṣante suhṛdaḥ prāpnuvanti ca
7. bhārata yathā gaṇāḥ pravardhante ca na bhidyante
hi arīn vijigīṣante ca suhṛdaḥ prāpnuvanti
7. O Bhārata, (I wish to hear) how the assemblies (gaṇa) prosper and are not divided, and indeed, how they seek to conquer enemies and acquire friends.
भेदमूलो विनाशो हि गणानामुपलभ्यते ।
मन्त्रसंवरणं दुःखं बहूनामिति मे मतिः ॥८॥
8. bhedamūlo vināśo hi gaṇānāmupalabhyate ,
mantrasaṁvaraṇaṁ duḥkhaṁ bahūnāmiti me matiḥ.
8. bhedamūlaḥ vināśaḥ hi gaṇānām upalabhyate
mantrasamvaraṇam duḥkham bahūnām iti me matiḥ
8. hi gaṇānām vināśaḥ bhedamūlaḥ upalabhyate
bahūnām mantrasamvaraṇam duḥkham iti me matiḥ
8. Indeed, the destruction of assemblies (gaṇa) is found to be rooted in disunion. The concealment of counsel (mantra) is difficult for many — this is my understanding.
एतदिच्छाम्यहं श्रोतुं निखिलेन परंतप ।
यथा च ते न भिद्येरंस्तच्च मे ब्रूहि पार्थिव ॥९॥
9. etadicchāmyahaṁ śrotuṁ nikhilena paraṁtapa ,
yathā ca te na bhidyeraṁstacca me brūhi pārthiva.
9. etat icchāmi aham śrotum nikhilena paraṃtapa
yathā ca te na bhidyeran tat ca me brūhi pārthiva
9. paraṃtapa pārthiva aham etat nikhilena śrotum
icchāmi ca te yathā na bhidyeran tat ca me brūhi
9. O scorcher of foes (paraṃtapa), O king (pārthiva), I wish to hear this entirely from you; and tell me also how they (my kinsmen) may not become divided.
भीष्म उवाच ।
गणानां च कुलानां च राज्ञां च भरतर्षभ ।
वैरसंदीपनावेतौ लोभामर्षौ जनाधिप ॥१०॥
10. bhīṣma uvāca ,
gaṇānāṁ ca kulānāṁ ca rājñāṁ ca bharatarṣabha ,
vairasaṁdīpanāvetau lobhāmarṣau janādhipa.
10. bhīṣma uvāca gaṇānām ca kulānām ca rājñām ca
bharatarṣabha vairasaṃdīpanau etau lobhāmarṣau janādhipa
10. bhīṣma uvāca bharatarṣabha janādhipa etau lobhāmarṣau
gaṇānām ca kulānām ca rājñām ca vairasaṃdīpanau
10. Bhīṣma said: "O best of Bhāratas (bharatarṣabha), O lord of men (janādhipa), these two, greed (lobha) and envy (amarṣa), are the kindlers of hostility among groups, families, and kings."
लोभमेको हि वृणुते ततोऽमर्षमनन्तरम् ।
तौ क्षयव्ययसंयुक्तावन्योन्यजनिताश्रयौ ॥११॥
11. lobhameko hi vṛṇute tato'marṣamanantaram ,
tau kṣayavyayasaṁyuktāvanyonyajanitāśrayau.
11. lobham ekaḥ hi vṛṇute tataḥ amarṣam anantaram
tau kṣayavyayasaṃyuktāu anyonyajanitāśrayau
11. ekaḥ hi lobham vṛṇute tataḥ anantaram amarṣam
tau kṣayavyayasaṃyuktāu anyonyajanitāśrayau
11. Indeed, one person embraces greed (lobha), and immediately after that, envy (amarṣa). These two are associated with ruin and loss, and they are mutually generated and interdependent.
चारमन्त्रबलादानैः सामदानविभेदनैः ।
क्षयव्ययभयोपायैः कर्शयन्तीतरेतरम् ॥१२॥
12. cāramantrabalādānaiḥ sāmadānavibhedanaiḥ ,
kṣayavyayabhayopāyaiḥ karśayantītaretaram.
12. cāramantrabalādānaiḥ sāmadānavibhedanaiḥ
kṣayavyayabhayopāyaiḥ karśayanti itaretaram
12. cāramantrabalādānaiḥ sāmadānavibhedanaiḥ
kṣayavyayabhayopāyaiḥ itaretaram karśayanti
12. By employing spies, strategic counsel, military power, and appropriation (of resources); through conciliation, gifts, and sowing discord; and by strategies that cause ruin, loss, and fear—they (who are driven by greed and envy) cause each other to waste away.
तत्र दानेन भिद्यन्ते गणाः संघातवृत्तयः ।
भिन्ना विमनसः सर्वे गच्छन्त्यरिवशं भयात् ॥१३॥
13. tatra dānena bhidyante gaṇāḥ saṁghātavṛttayaḥ ,
bhinnā vimanasaḥ sarve gacchantyarivaśaṁ bhayāt.
13. tatra dānena bhidyante gaṇāḥ saṃghātavṛttayaḥ
bhinnāḥ vimanasaḥ sarve gacchanti arivaśaṃ bhayāt
13. tatra saṃghātavṛttayaḥ gaṇāḥ dānena bhidyante
bhinnāḥ sarve vimanasaḥ bhayāt arivaśaṃ gacchanti
13. In such circumstances, groups that function with unity are shattered by internal discord. Once they are divided, all become disheartened and, out of fear, fall under the control of their adversaries.
भेदाद्गणा विनश्यन्ति भिन्नाः सूपजपाः परैः ।
तस्मात्संघातयोगेषु प्रयतेरन्गणाः सदा ॥१४॥
14. bhedādgaṇā vinaśyanti bhinnāḥ sūpajapāḥ paraiḥ ,
tasmātsaṁghātayogeṣu prayaterangaṇāḥ sadā.
14. bhedāt gaṇāḥ vinaśyanti bhinnāḥ sūpajapāḥ paraiḥ
tasmāt saṃghātayogeṣu prayateran gaṇāḥ sadā
14. bhedāt gaṇāḥ vinaśyanti bhinnāḥ paraiḥ sūpajapāḥ
tasmāt gaṇāḥ sadā saṃghātayogeṣu prayateran
14. Groups perish through disunion, and once divided, they are easily swayed by the secret machinations of adversaries. Therefore, groups should always endeavor to maintain unity and cohesion (yoga).
अर्था ह्येवाधिगम्यन्ते संघातबलपौरुषात् ।
बाह्याश्च मैत्रीं कुर्वन्ति तेषु संघातवृत्तिषु ॥१५॥
15. arthā hyevādhigamyante saṁghātabalapauruṣāt ,
bāhyāśca maitrīṁ kurvanti teṣu saṁghātavṛttiṣu.
15. arthāḥ hi eva adhigamyante saṃghātabalapauruṣāt
bāhyāḥ ca maitrīṃ kurvanti teṣu saṃghātavṛttiṣu
15. arthāḥ hi eva saṃghātabalapauruṣāt adhigamyante
ca bāhyāḥ teṣu saṃghātavṛttiṣu maitrīṃ kurvanti
15. Indeed, aims and advantages are achieved only through the combined strength and valor (pauruṣa) derived from unity. Moreover, external parties cultivate friendship with those who demonstrate cohesive conduct.
ज्ञानवृद्धान्प्रशंसन्तः शुश्रूषन्तः परस्परम् ।
विनिवृत्ताभिसंधानाः सुखमेधन्ति सर्वशः ॥१६॥
16. jñānavṛddhānpraśaṁsantaḥ śuśrūṣantaḥ parasparam ,
vinivṛttābhisaṁdhānāḥ sukhamedhanti sarvaśaḥ.
16. jñānavṛddhān praśaṃsantaḥ śuśrūṣantaḥ parasparam
vinivṛttābhisaṃdhānāḥ sukham edhanti sarvaśaḥ
16. jñānavṛddhān praśaṃsantaḥ parasparam śuśrūṣantaḥ
vinivṛttābhisaṃdhānāḥ sukham sarvaśaḥ edhanti
16. Those who praise the wise (jñānavṛddha), serve each other, and have given up divisive schemes (abhisaṃdhāna) prosper happily in all respects.
धर्मिष्ठान्व्यवहारांश्च स्थापयन्तश्च शास्त्रतः ।
यथावत्संप्रवर्तन्तो विवर्धन्ते गणोत्तमाः ॥१७॥
17. dharmiṣṭhānvyavahārāṁśca sthāpayantaśca śāstrataḥ ,
yathāvatsaṁpravartanto vivardhante gaṇottamāḥ.
17. dharmiṣṭhān vyavahārān ca sthāpayantaḥ ca śāstrataḥ
| yathāvat saṃpravartantaḥ vivardhante gaṇottamāḥ
17. gaṇottamāḥ dharmiṣṭhān vyavahārān ca śāstrataḥ
sthāpayantaḥ ca yathāvat saṃpravartantaḥ vivardhante
17. The best of assemblies (gaṇa) truly flourish by establishing practices (vyavahāra) that are most righteous (dharmiṣṭha) according to sacred texts (śāstra), and by properly engaging in them.
पुत्रान्भ्रातॄन्निगृह्णन्तो विनये च सदा रताः ।
विनीतांश्च प्रगृह्णन्तो विवर्धन्ते गणोत्तमाः ॥१८॥
18. putrānbhrātṝnnigṛhṇanto vinaye ca sadā ratāḥ ,
vinītāṁśca pragṛhṇanto vivardhante gaṇottamāḥ.
18. putrān bhrātṝn nigṛhṇantaḥ vinaye ca sadā ratāḥ
| vinītān ca pragṛhṇantaḥ vivardhante gaṇottamāḥ
18. gaṇottamāḥ putrān bhrātṝn nigṛhṇantaḥ ca sadā
vinaye ratāḥ ca vinītān pragṛhṇantaḥ vivardhante
18. The best of assemblies (gaṇa) flourish by disciplining their sons and brothers, always remaining devoted to propriety (vinaya), and by supporting those who are well-disciplined.
चारमन्त्रविधानेषु कोशसंनिचयेषु च ।
नित्ययुक्ता महाबाहो वर्धन्ते सर्वतो गणाः ॥१९॥
19. cāramantravidhāneṣu kośasaṁnicayeṣu ca ,
nityayuktā mahābāho vardhante sarvato gaṇāḥ.
19. cāramantravidhāneṣu kośasaṃnicayeṣu ca |
nityayuktāḥ mahābāho vardhante sarvataḥ gaṇāḥ
19. mahābāho gaṇāḥ cāramantravidhāneṣu ca
kośasaṃnicayeṣu nityayuktāḥ sarvataḥ vardhante
19. O mighty-armed one (mahābāhu), groups (gaṇa) prosper in all ways by being constantly attentive to the arrangements for espionage and counsel (mantra), and to the accumulation of wealth (kośa).
प्राज्ञाञ्शूरान्महेष्वासान्कर्मसु स्थिरपौरुषान् ।
मानयन्तः सदा युक्ता विवर्धन्ते गणा नृप ॥२०॥
20. prājñāñśūrānmaheṣvāsānkarmasu sthirapauruṣān ,
mānayantaḥ sadā yuktā vivardhante gaṇā nṛpa.
20. prājñān śūrān maheṣvāsān karmasu sthirapauruṣān
| mānyantaḥ sadā yuktāḥ vivardhante gaṇāḥ nṛpa
20. nṛpa gaṇāḥ sadā yuktāḥ prājñān śūrān maheṣvāsān
karmasu sthirapauruṣān mānyantaḥ vivardhante
20. O King (nṛpa), groups (gaṇa) flourish by always being diligent and by honoring the wise, the valorous, the great archers, and those whose strength (pauruṣa) is steadfast in their undertakings (karma).
द्रव्यवन्तश्च शूराश्च शस्त्रज्ञाः शास्त्रपारगाः ।
कृच्छ्रास्वापत्सु संमूढान्गणानुत्तारयन्ति ते ॥२१॥
21. dravyavantaśca śūrāśca śastrajñāḥ śāstrapāragāḥ ,
kṛcchrāsvāpatsu saṁmūḍhāngaṇānuttārayanti te.
21. dravyavantaḥ ca śūrāḥ ca śastrajñāḥ śāstrapāragāḥ
kṛcchrāsu āpat-su saṃmūḍhān gaṇān uttārayanti te
21. te dravyavantaḥ ca śūrāḥ ca śastrajñāḥ ca śāstrapāragāḥ
kṛcchrāsu āpat-su saṃmūḍhān gaṇān uttārayanti
21. Those who are wealthy, brave, skilled in weaponry, and masters of the scriptures, they rescue bewildered groups from difficult calamities.
क्रोधो भेदो भयो दण्डः कर्शनं निग्रहो वधः ।
नयन्त्यरिवशं सद्यो गणान्भरतसत्तम ॥२२॥
22. krodho bhedo bhayo daṇḍaḥ karśanaṁ nigraho vadhaḥ ,
nayantyarivaśaṁ sadyo gaṇānbharatasattama.
22. krodhaḥ bhedaḥ bhayaḥ daṇḍaḥ karśanam nigrahaḥ
vadhaḥ nayanti arivaśam sadyaḥ gaṇān bharatasattama
22. bharatasattama krodhaḥ bhedaḥ bhayaḥ daṇḍaḥ karśanam
nigrahaḥ vadhaḥ sadyaḥ gaṇān arivaśam nayanti
22. O best of Bharatas, anger, dissension, fear, punishment, harassment, suppression, and destruction quickly lead groups to fall under the sway of their enemies.
तस्मान्मानयितव्यास्ते गणमुख्याः प्रधानतः ।
लोकयात्रा समायत्ता भूयसी तेषु पार्थिव ॥२३॥
23. tasmānmānayitavyāste gaṇamukhyāḥ pradhānataḥ ,
lokayātrā samāyattā bhūyasī teṣu pārthiva.
23. tasmāt mānayitavyāḥ te gaṇamukhyāḥ pradhānataḥ
lokayātrā samāyattā bhūyasī teṣu pārthiva
23. pārthiva tasmāt te gaṇamukhyāḥ pradhānataḥ
mānayitavyāḥ bhūyasī lokayātrā teṣu samāyattā
23. Therefore, O King, those leaders of groups should be primarily honored, for the greater part of public administration (lokayātrā) largely depends on them.
मन्त्रगुप्तिः प्रधानेषु चारश्चामित्रकर्शन ।
न गणाः कृत्स्नशो मन्त्रं श्रोतुमर्हन्ति भारत ॥२४॥
24. mantraguptiḥ pradhāneṣu cāraścāmitrakarśana ,
na gaṇāḥ kṛtsnaśo mantraṁ śrotumarhanti bhārata.
24. mantraguptiḥ pradhāneṣu cāraḥ ca amitrakarśana na
gaṇāḥ kṛtsnaśaḥ mantram śrotum arhanti bhārata
24. amitrakarśana bhārata mantraguptiḥ ca cāraḥ
pradhāneṣu gaṇāḥ kṛtsnaśaḥ mantram śrotum na arhanti
24. O harasser of enemies (amitrakarśana) and O descendant of Bharata, the secrecy of counsel and the deployment of spies should be maintained among the principal members. Groups should not hear the entire counsel.
गणमुख्यैस्तु संभूय कार्यं गणहितं मिथः ।
पृथग्गणस्य भिन्नस्य विमतस्य ततोऽन्यथा ।
अर्थाः प्रत्यवसीदन्ति तथानर्था भवन्ति च ॥२५॥
25. gaṇamukhyaistu saṁbhūya kāryaṁ gaṇahitaṁ mithaḥ ,
pṛthaggaṇasya bhinnasya vimatasya tato'nyathā ,
arthāḥ pratyavasīdanti tathānarthā bhavanti ca.
25. gaṇamukhyaiḥ tu sambhūya kāryam
gaṇahitam mithaḥ pṛthak gaṇasya bhinnasya
vimatasya tataḥ anyathā arthāḥ
pratyavasīdanti tathā anarthāḥ bhavanti ca
25. gaṇamukhyaiḥ tu sambhūya mithaḥ
gaṇahitam kāryam anyathā pṛthak bhinnasya
vimatasya gaṇasya tataḥ arthāḥ
pratyavasīdanti tathā anarthāḥ ca bhavanti
25. The chiefs of a corporation, having assembled, should mutually strive for the welfare of the corporation. Otherwise, if the corporation is divided and its members hold differing opinions, then their prosperity declines, and misfortunes arise.
तेषामन्योन्यभिन्नानां स्वशक्तिमनुतिष्ठताम् ।
निग्रहः पण्डितैः कार्यः क्षिप्रमेव प्रधानतः ॥२६॥
26. teṣāmanyonyabhinnānāṁ svaśaktimanutiṣṭhatām ,
nigrahaḥ paṇḍitaiḥ kāryaḥ kṣiprameva pradhānataḥ.
26. teṣām anyonyabhinnānām svaśaktim anutiṣṭhatām
nigrahaḥ paṇḍitaiḥ kāryaḥ kṣipram eva pradhānataḥ
26. paṇḍitaiḥ anyonyabhinnānām svaśaktim anutiṣṭhatām
teṣām nigrahaḥ kṣipram eva pradhānataḥ kāryaḥ
26. Control over those who are mutually divided and are asserting their individual power should be quickly and primarily exercised by the wise.
कुलेषु कलहा जाताः कुलवृद्धैरुपेक्षिताः ।
गोत्रस्य राजन्कुर्वन्ति गणसंभेदकारिकाम् ॥२७॥
27. kuleṣu kalahā jātāḥ kulavṛddhairupekṣitāḥ ,
gotrasya rājankurvanti gaṇasaṁbhedakārikām.
27. kuleṣu kalahāḥ jātāḥ kulavṛddhaiḥ upekṣitāḥ
gotrasya rājan kurvanti gaṇasaṃbhedakārikām
27. rājan,
kuleṣu jātāḥ kalahāḥ kulavṛddhaiḥ upekṣitāḥ [santaḥ] gotrasya gaṇasaṃbhedakārikām kurvanti
27. O King, quarrels that arise within families, if neglected by the family elders, lead to the breakdown of the entire clan (gotra).
आभ्यन्तरं भयं रक्ष्यं सुरक्ष्यं बाह्यतो भयम् ।
अभ्यन्तराद्भयं जातं सद्यो मूलं निकृन्तति ॥२८॥
28. ābhyantaraṁ bhayaṁ rakṣyaṁ surakṣyaṁ bāhyato bhayam ,
abhyantarādbhayaṁ jātaṁ sadyo mūlaṁ nikṛntati.
28. ābhyantaram bhayam rakṣyam surakṣyam bāhyataḥ bhayam
abhyantarāt bhayam jātam sadyaḥ mūlam nikṛntati
28. ābhyantaram bhayam rakṣyam [astīti]
bāhyataḥ bhayam ca surakṣyam [asti
iti vadet]; [kintu] abhyantarāt
jātam bhayam sadyaḥ mūlam nikṛntati
28. Internal danger must be guarded against, and external danger must be well guarded against. However, danger that arises from within immediately uproots the very foundation.
अकस्मात्क्रोधलोभाद्वा मोहाद्वापि स्वभावजात् ।
अन्योन्यं नाभिभाषन्ते तत्पराभवलक्षणम् ॥२९॥
29. akasmātkrodhalobhādvā mohādvāpi svabhāvajāt ,
anyonyaṁ nābhibhāṣante tatparābhavalakṣaṇam.
29. akasmāt krodhalobhāt vā mohāt vā api svabhāvajāt
anyonyam na abhibhāṣante tat parābhavalakṣaṇam
29. akasmāt krodhalobhāt vā mohāt vā api svabhāvajāt
anyonyam na abhibhāṣante tat parābhavalakṣaṇam
29. When people, due to sudden anger or greed, or even from delusion arising from their intrinsic nature (svabhāva), stop speaking to each other, that is a clear sign of their defeat.
जात्या च सदृशाः सर्वे कुलेन सदृशास्तथा ।
न तु शौर्येण बुद्ध्या वा रूपद्रव्येण वा पुनः ॥३०॥
30. jātyā ca sadṛśāḥ sarve kulena sadṛśāstathā ,
na tu śauryeṇa buddhyā vā rūpadravyeṇa vā punaḥ.
30. jātyā ca sadṛśāḥ sarve kulena sadṛśāḥ tathā na
tu śauryeṇa buddhyā vā rūpadravyeṇa vā punaḥ
30. sarve jātyā ca kulena sadṛśāḥ tathā,
tu śauryeṇa buddhyā vā rūpadravyeṇa vā punaḥ na
30. All are similar by birth and lineage, but they are not (similar) in valor, intelligence, or beauty and wealth.
भेदाच्चैव प्रमादाच्च नाम्यन्ते रिपुभिर्गणाः ।
तस्मात्संघातमेवाहुर्गणानां शरणं महत् ॥३१॥
31. bhedāccaiva pramādācca nāmyante ripubhirgaṇāḥ ,
tasmātsaṁghātamevāhurgaṇānāṁ śaraṇaṁ mahat.
31. bhedāt ca eva pramādāt ca na āmyante ripubhiḥ gaṇāḥ
tasmāt saṃghātam eva āhuḥ gaṇānām śaraṇam mahat
31. bhedāt ca eva pramādāt ca ripubhiḥ gaṇāḥ na āmyante
tasmāt gaṇānām saṃghātam eva mahat śaraṇam āhuḥ
31. Indeed, due to discord and negligence, groups (gaṇa) are subdued by enemies. Therefore, they declare that unity (saṃghāta) alone is the great refuge for communities.