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महाभारतः       mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-228

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व्यास उवाच ।
अथ चेद्रोचयेदेतद्द्रुह्येत मनसा तथा ।
उन्मज्जंश्च निमज्जंश्च ज्ञानवान्प्लववान्भवेत् ॥१॥
1. vyāsa uvāca ,
atha cedrocayedetaddruhyeta manasā tathā ,
unmajjaṁśca nimajjaṁśca jñānavānplavavānbhavet.
1. Vyāsa uvāca atha ced rocayet etad druhyeta manasā
tathā unmajjan ca nimajjan ca jñānavān plavavān bhavet
1. Vyāsa uvāca atha cet etad rocayet,
(saḥ) tathā manasā druhyeta ca unmajjan ca nimajjan (hi) jñānavān plavavān bhavet
1. Vyāsa said: Now, if one were to approve of this [state of ignorance], one would thus harm oneself mentally. However, one who possesses knowledge (jñāna), by both rising up and sinking down, becomes like one with a vessel to cross over.
प्रज्ञया निर्मितैर्धीरास्तारयन्त्यबुधान्प्लवैः ।
नाबुधास्तारयन्त्यन्यानात्मानं वा कथंचन ॥२॥
2. prajñayā nirmitairdhīrāstārayantyabudhānplavaiḥ ,
nābudhāstārayantyanyānātmānaṁ vā kathaṁcana.
2. prajñayā nirmitaiḥ dhīrāḥ tārayanti abudhān plavaiḥ
na abudhāḥ tārayanti anyān ātmānaṃ vā kathañcana
2. dhīrāḥ prajñayā nirmitaiḥ plavaiḥ abudhān tārayanti
abudhāḥ anyān vā ātmānaṃ kathañcana na tārayanti
2. The wise, using means fashioned by their profound understanding, enable the ignorant to overcome difficulties. The ignorant, however, can never help others, nor even themselves, in any way.
छिन्नदोषो मुनिर्योगान्युक्तो युञ्जीत द्वादश ।
दशकर्मसुखानर्थानुपायापायनिर्भयः ॥३॥
3. chinnadoṣo muniryogānyukto yuñjīta dvādaśa ,
daśakarmasukhānarthānupāyāpāyanirbhayaḥ.
3. chinnadoṣaḥ muniḥ yogān yuktaḥ yuñjīta dvādaśa
daśakarmasukhānarthān upāyāpāyanirbhayaḥ
3. chinnadoṣaḥ muniḥ upāyāpāyanirbhayaḥ yuktaḥ
yogān dvādaśa yuñjīta daśakarmasukhānarthān
3. A sage (muni) whose imperfections are completely removed, and who is steadfast in spiritual discipline (yoga), should practice the twelve (forms of yoga). He should approach (the pursuit of) the ten objectives (arthān) – comprising actions (karma) and pleasures – being fearless of both the methods (upāya) and the potential for failure or danger (apāya).
चक्षुराचारवित्प्राज्ञो मनसा दर्शनेन च ।
यच्छेद्वाङ्मनसी बुद्ध्या य इच्छेज्ज्ञानमुत्तमम् ।
ज्ञानेन यच्छेदात्मानं य इच्छेच्छान्तिमात्मनः ॥४॥
4. cakṣurācāravitprājño manasā darśanena ca ,
yacchedvāṅmanasī buddhyā ya icchejjñānamuttamam ,
jñānena yacchedātmānaṁ ya icchecchāntimātmanaḥ.
4. cakṣuḥ ācāravit prājñaḥ manasā darśanena
ca yacchet vāṅmanasī buddhyā yaḥ
icchet jñānam uttamam jñānena yacchet
ātmānaṃ yaḥ icchet śāntim ātmanaḥ
4. yaḥ uttamam jñānam icchet (saḥ) cakṣuḥ
ācāravit prājñaḥ manasā darśanena ca
buddhyā vāṅmanasī yacchet yaḥ ātmanaḥ śāntim
icchet (saḥ) jñānena ātmānaṃ yacchet
4. A wise person (prājña) who understands proper conduct (ācāra) through (keen) sight and mind and perception, should restrain speech and mind with the intellect (buddhi) if he desires supreme knowledge (jñāna). And he who desires peace (śānti) for himself (ātman) should control his inner self (ātman) with knowledge (jñāna).
एतेषां चेदनुद्रष्टा पुरुषोऽपि सुदारुणः ।
यदि वा सर्ववेदज्ञो यदि वाप्यनृचोऽजपः ॥५॥
5. eteṣāṁ cedanudraṣṭā puruṣo'pi sudāruṇaḥ ,
yadi vā sarvavedajño yadi vāpyanṛco'japaḥ.
5. eteṣām cet anudraṣṭā puruṣaḥ api sudāruṇaḥ yadi
vā sarvavedajñaḥ yadi vā api anṛcaḥ ajapaḥ
5. cet puruṣaḥ api sudāruṇaḥ eteṣām anudraṣṭā yadi
vā sarvavedajñaḥ yadi vā api anṛcaḥ ajapaḥ
5. Even if a person (puruṣa) is a scrutinizer of these (matters), or if he is very cruel, or if he is one who knows all the Vedas, or even if he is devoid of Vedic hymns and does not perform ritual recitation (japa)...
यदि वा धार्मिको यज्वा यदि वा पापकृत्तमः ।
यदि वा पुरुषव्याघ्रो यदि वा क्लैब्यधारिता ॥६॥
6. yadi vā dhārmiko yajvā yadi vā pāpakṛttamaḥ ,
yadi vā puruṣavyāghro yadi vā klaibyadhāritā.
6. yadi vā dhārmikaḥ yajvā yadi vā pāpakṛttamaḥ
yadi vā puruṣavyāghraḥ yadi vā klaibyadhāritā
6. yadi vā dhārmikaḥ vā yajvā yadi vā pāpakṛttamaḥ
vā puruṣavyāghraḥ yadi vā klaibyadhāritā
6. Whether one is righteous or a performer of Vedic rituals (yajña); whether one is the greatest of sinners; whether one is a tiger among men or overcome by weakness.
तरत्येव महादुर्गं जरामरणसागरम् ।
एवं ह्येतेन योगेन युञ्जानोऽप्येकमन्ततः ।
अपि जिज्ञासमानो हि शब्दब्रह्मातिवर्तते ॥७॥
7. taratyeva mahādurgaṁ jarāmaraṇasāgaram ,
evaṁ hyetena yogena yuñjāno'pyekamantataḥ ,
api jijñāsamāno hi śabdabrahmātivartate.
7. tarati eva mahādurgaṃ jaramaraṇasāgaram
evam hi etena yogena
yuñjānaḥ api ekam antataḥ api
jijñāsamānaḥ hi śabdabrahma ativartate
7. tarati eva mahādurgaṃ jaramaraṇasāgaram
evam hi etena yogena
yuñjānaḥ api ekam antataḥ api
jijñāsamānaḥ hi śabdabrahma ativartate
7. One certainly overcomes the great ocean of old age and death. Indeed, by engaging in this practice (yoga), even if only for a short while, and even if merely desiring to know, one truly transcends the sonic manifestation of the absolute (brahman).
धर्मोपस्थो ह्रीवरूथ उपायापायकूबरः ।
अपानाक्षः प्राणयुगः प्रज्ञायुर्जीवबन्धनः ॥८॥
8. dharmopastho hrīvarūtha upāyāpāyakūbaraḥ ,
apānākṣaḥ prāṇayugaḥ prajñāyurjīvabandhanaḥ.
8. dharmopasthaḥ hrīvarūthaḥ upāyāpāyakūbaraḥ
apānākṣaḥ prāṇayugaḥ prajñāyuḥ jīvabandhanaḥ
8. dharmopasthaḥ hrīvarūthaḥ upāyāpāyakūbaraḥ
apānākṣaḥ prāṇayugaḥ prajñāyuḥ jīvabandhanaḥ
8. It has natural law (dharma) as its foundation, modesty as its covering, and means and difficulties as its pivot. It has the downward breath (apāna) as its axles, the vital breath (prāṇa) as its yoke, and wisdom as its lifespan, binding the individual soul (jīva).
चेतनाबन्धुरश्चारुराचारग्रहनेमिवान् ।
दर्शनस्पर्शनवहो घ्राणश्रवणवाहनः ॥९॥
9. cetanābandhuraścārurācāragrahanemivān ,
darśanasparśanavaho ghrāṇaśravaṇavāhanaḥ.
9. cetanābandhuraḥ ca cāruḥ ācāragrahanemivān
darśanasparśanavahaḥ ghrāṇaśravaṇavāhanaḥ
9. cetanābandhuraḥ ca cāruḥ ācāragrahanemivān
darśanasparśanavahaḥ ghrāṇaśravaṇavāhanaḥ
9. Supported by consciousness, charming, and having the circumference of its wheel imbued with (or holding fast to) good conduct. It bears the faculty of sight and touch, and has the faculties of smell and hearing as its carriers.
प्रज्ञानाभिः सर्वतन्त्रप्रतोदो ज्ञानसारथिः ।
क्षेत्रज्ञाधिष्ठितो धीरः श्रद्धादमपुरःसरः ॥१०॥
10. prajñānābhiḥ sarvatantrapratodo jñānasārathiḥ ,
kṣetrajñādhiṣṭhito dhīraḥ śraddhādamapuraḥsaraḥ.
10. prajñānābhiḥ sarvatantrapratodaḥ jñānasārathiḥ
kṣetrajñādhiṣṭhitaḥ dhīraḥ śraddhādamapuraḥsaraḥ
10. prajñānābhiḥ sarvatantrapratodaḥ jñānasārathiḥ
kṣetrajñādhiṣṭhitaḥ dhīraḥ śraddhādamapuraḥsaraḥ
10. It is guided by profound understanding, acts as a stimulus for all disciplines, has knowledge as its charioteer, is controlled by the knower of the field (kṣetrajña), is steadfast, and is led by faith (śraddhā) and self-control.
त्यागवर्त्मानुगः क्षेम्यः शौचगो ध्यानगोचरः ।
जीवयुक्तो रथो दिव्यो ब्रह्मलोके विराजते ॥११॥
11. tyāgavartmānugaḥ kṣemyaḥ śaucago dhyānagocaraḥ ,
jīvayukto ratho divyo brahmaloke virājate.
11. tyāgavartmānugaḥ kṣemyaḥ śaucagaḥ dhyānagocaraḥ
jīvayuktaḥ rathaḥ divyaḥ brahmaloke virājate
11. divyaḥ rathaḥ tyāgavartmānugaḥ kṣemyaḥ śaucagaḥ
dhyānagocaraḥ jīvayuktaḥ brahmaloke virājate
11. This divine chariot, which follows the path of renunciation, brings well-being, is associated with purity, is an object of meditation (dhyāna), and is yoked with the individual soul (jīva), shines forth in the world of Brahman (brahman).
अथ संत्वरमाणस्य रथमेतं युयुक्षतः ।
अक्षरं गन्तुमनसो विधिं वक्ष्यामि शीघ्रगम् ॥१२॥
12. atha saṁtvaramāṇasya rathametaṁ yuyukṣataḥ ,
akṣaraṁ gantumanaso vidhiṁ vakṣyāmi śīghragam.
12. atha saṃtvaramāṇasya ratham etam yuyukṣataḥ
akṣaram gantum-manasaḥ vidhim vakṣyāmi śīghragam
12. atha śīghragam vidhim vakṣyāmi saṃtvaramāṇasya
etam ratham yuyukṣataḥ akṣaram gantum-manasaḥ
12. Now, for one who is eager to yoke this chariot and whose mind is intent on reaching the immutable (akṣara), I will explain the swift method.
सप्त यो धारणाः कृत्स्ना वाग्यतः प्रतिपद्यते ।
पृष्ठतः पार्श्वतश्चान्या यावत्यस्ताः प्रधारणाः ॥१३॥
13. sapta yo dhāraṇāḥ kṛtsnā vāgyataḥ pratipadyate ,
pṛṣṭhataḥ pārśvataścānyā yāvatyastāḥ pradhāraṇāḥ.
13. sapta yaḥ dhāraṇāḥ kṛtsnāḥ vāgyataḥ pratipadyate |
pṛṣṭhataḥ pārśvataḥ ca anyāḥ yāvatyah tāḥ pradhāraṇāḥ
13. yaḥ vāgyataḥ sapta kṛtsnāḥ dhāraṇāḥ pratipadyate ca
anyāḥ yāvatyah tāḥ pradhāraṇāḥ pṛṣṭhataḥ pārśvataḥ
13. The one who controls speech (vāgyataḥ) achieves the seven complete concentrations (dhāraṇā). And there are also other specialized concentrations (pradhāraṇā), as many as they are, from the back and from the sides.
क्रमशः पार्थिवं यच्च वायव्यं खं तथा पयः ।
ज्योतिषो यत्तदैश्वर्यमहंकारस्य बुद्धितः ॥१४॥
14. kramaśaḥ pārthivaṁ yacca vāyavyaṁ khaṁ tathā payaḥ ,
jyotiṣo yattadaiśvaryamahaṁkārasya buddhitaḥ.
14. kramaśaḥ pārthivam yat ca vāyavyam kham tathā payaḥ
jyotiṣaḥ yat tat aiśvaryam ahaṅkārasya buddhitaḥ
14. kramaśaḥ yat ca pārthivam vāyavyam kham tathā payaḥ
tathā jyotiṣaḥ ahaṅkārasya buddhitaḥ yat tat aiśvaryam
14. Successively, that which is earthly, and aerial, space, and water [manifests]. Likewise, that dominion of light, of ego (ahaṅkāra), and originating from the intellect [also manifests successively].
अव्यक्तस्य तथैश्वर्यं क्रमशः प्रतिपद्यते ।
विक्रमाश्चापि यस्यैते तथा युङ्क्ते स योगतः ॥१५॥
15. avyaktasya tathaiśvaryaṁ kramaśaḥ pratipadyate ,
vikramāścāpi yasyaite tathā yuṅkte sa yogataḥ.
15. avyaktasya tathā aiśvaryam kramaśaḥ pratipadyate
vikramāḥ ca api yasya ete tathā yuṅkte saḥ yogataḥ
15. tathā avyaktasya aiśvaryam kramaśaḥ pratipadyate
ca api yasya ete vikramāḥ saḥ tathā yogataḥ yuṅkte
15. Similarly, the dominion of the unmanifest (avyakta) is successively attained. And he (the yogi) whose these powers are, similarly connects himself through (yoga).
अथास्य योगयुक्तस्य सिद्धिमात्मनि पश्यतः ।
निर्मथ्यमानः सूक्ष्मत्वाद्रूपाणीमानि दर्शयेत् ॥१६॥
16. athāsya yogayuktasya siddhimātmani paśyataḥ ,
nirmathyamānaḥ sūkṣmatvādrūpāṇīmāni darśayet.
16. atha asya yogayuktasya siddhim ātmani paśyataḥ
nirmathyamānaḥ sūkṣmatvāt rūpāṇi imāni darśayet
16. atha asya yogayuktasya ātmani siddhim paśyataḥ
sūkṣmatvāt nirmathyamānaḥ imāni rūpāṇi darśayet
16. Now, for this individual, yoked in (yoga) who perceives spiritual perfection (siddhi) within the self (ātman), that which is being churned, owing to its subtle nature, should reveal these forms.
शैशिरस्तु यथा धूमः सूक्ष्मः संश्रयते नभः ।
तथा देहाद्विमुक्तस्य पूर्वरूपं भवत्युत ॥१७॥
17. śaiśirastu yathā dhūmaḥ sūkṣmaḥ saṁśrayate nabhaḥ ,
tathā dehādvimuktasya pūrvarūpaṁ bhavatyuta.
17. śaiśiraḥ tu yathā dhūmaḥ sūkṣmaḥ saṃśrayate nabhaḥ
tathā dehāt vimuktasya pūrvarūpam bhavati uta
17. yathā sūkṣmaḥ śaiśiraḥ dhūmaḥ nabhaḥ saṃśrayate
tathā dehāt vimuktasya uta pūrvarūpam bhavati tu
17. Just as subtle winter mist (dhūmaḥ) disperses and takes refuge in the sky, so too, for one liberated from the body, the subtle (original) form (pūrvarūpam) remains.
अथ धूमस्य विरमे द्वितीयं रूपदर्शनम् ।
जलरूपमिवाकाशे तत्रैवात्मनि पश्यति ॥१८॥
18. atha dhūmasya virame dvitīyaṁ rūpadarśanam ,
jalarūpamivākāśe tatraivātmani paśyati.
18. atha dhūmasya virame dvitīyam rūpadarśanam
jalarūpam iva ākāśe tatra eva ātmani paśyati
18. atha dhūmasya virame,
dvitīyam rūpadarśanam jalarūpam iva ākāśe tatra eva ātmani paśyati.
18. Then, upon the disappearance of smoke, one perceives a second visual form, like water in the sky, right there within the Self (ātman).
अपां व्यतिक्रमे चापि वह्निरूपं प्रकाशते ।
तस्मिन्नुपरते चास्य पीतवस्त्रवदिष्यते ।
ऊर्णारूपसवर्णं च तस्य रूपं प्रकाशते ॥१९॥
19. apāṁ vyatikrame cāpi vahnirūpaṁ prakāśate ,
tasminnuparate cāsya pītavastravadiṣyate ,
ūrṇārūpasavarṇaṁ ca tasya rūpaṁ prakāśate.
19. apām vyatikrame ca api vahnirūpam
prakāśate tasmin uparate ca asya
pītavastravat iṣyate ūrṇārūpasavarṇam
ca tasya rūpam prakāśate
19. apām vyatikrame ca api vahnirūpam prakāśate.
tasmin uparate ca asya pītavastravat iṣyate.
ca tasya ūrṇārūpasavarṇam rūpam prakāśate.
19. And when the water-form passes away, the form of fire appears. And when that (fire-form) ceases, this (next form) is considered to be like a yellow garment. Also, its form appears having the color and shape of wool.
अथ श्वेतां गतिं गत्वा वायव्यं सूक्ष्ममप्यजः ।
अशुक्लं चेतसः सौक्ष्म्यमव्यक्तं ब्रह्मणोऽस्य वै ॥२०॥
20. atha śvetāṁ gatiṁ gatvā vāyavyaṁ sūkṣmamapyajaḥ ,
aśuklaṁ cetasaḥ saukṣmyamavyaktaṁ brahmaṇo'sya vai.
20. atha śvetām gatim gatvā vāyavyam sūkṣmam api ajaḥ
aśuklam cetasaḥ saukṣmyam avyaktam brahmaṇaḥ asya vai
20. atha ajaḥ śvetām gatim gatvā vāyavyam sūkṣmam api (prāpnoti).
aśuklam cetasaḥ saukṣmyam avyaktam asya brahmaṇaḥ vai (bhavati).
20. Then, the unborn (ātman), having attained the white path, also (reaches) the subtle airy state. This subtle, unmanifest state of the mind (or consciousness) is indeed the uncolored (or pure) aspect of this Brahman (brahman).
एतेष्वपि हि जातेषु फलजातानि मे शृणु ।
जातस्य पार्थिवैश्वर्ये सृष्टिरिष्टा विधीयते ॥२१॥
21. eteṣvapi hi jāteṣu phalajātāni me śṛṇu ,
jātasya pārthivaiśvarye sṛṣṭiriṣṭā vidhīyate.
21. eteṣu api hi jāteṣu phalajātāni me śṛṇu
jātasya pārthivaiśvarye sṛṣṭiḥ iṣṭā vidhīyate
21. hi eteṣu api jāteṣu,
me phalajātāni śṛṇu.
jātasya pārthivaiśvarye iṣṭā sṛṣṭiḥ vidhīyate.
21. Indeed, even when these (forms) have appeared, listen to me concerning the categories of results. For one who is born into earthly sovereignty, a desired creation is ordained.
प्रजापतिरिवाक्षोभ्यः शरीरात्सृजति प्रजाः ।
अङ्गुल्यङ्गुष्ठमात्रेण हस्तपादेन वा तथा ॥२२॥
22. prajāpatirivākṣobhyaḥ śarīrātsṛjati prajāḥ ,
aṅgulyaṅguṣṭhamātreṇa hastapādena vā tathā.
22. prajāpatiḥ iva akṣobhyaḥ śarīrāt sṛjati prajāḥ
aṅgulyaṅguṣṭhamātreṇa hastapādena vā tathā
22. akṣobhyaḥ prajāpatiḥ iva śarīrāt prajāḥ sṛjati.
tathā aṅgulyaṅguṣṭhamātreṇa vā hastapādena.
22. Like Prajāpati, he (Vayu) is unagitated (akṣobhya) and creates beings (prajāḥ) from his body. Similarly, he acts merely with a finger or a thumb, or with a hand or a foot.
पृथिवीं कम्पयत्येको गुणो वायोरिति स्मृतः ।
आकाशभूतश्चाकाशे सवर्णत्वात्प्रणश्यति ॥२३॥
23. pṛthivīṁ kampayatyeko guṇo vāyoriti smṛtaḥ ,
ākāśabhūtaścākāśe savarṇatvātpraṇaśyati.
23. pṛthivīm kampayati ekaḥ guṇaḥ vāyoḥ iti smṛtaḥ
ākāśabhūtaḥ ca ākāśe savarṇatvāt praṇaśyati
23. vāyoḥ ekaḥ guṇaḥ pṛthivīm kampayati iti smṛtaḥ.
ca ākāśabhūtaḥ savarṇatvāt ākāśe praṇaśyati.
23. One quality (guṇa) of Vayu (Air) is considered to be that which causes the earth to tremble. And having become elemental space (ākāśa), it vanishes into space (ākāśa) due to its similarity in nature (savarṇatvāt).
वर्णतो गृह्यते चापि कामात्पिबति चाशयान् ।
न चास्य तेजसा रूपं दृश्यते शाम्यते तथा ॥२४॥
24. varṇato gṛhyate cāpi kāmātpibati cāśayān ,
na cāsya tejasā rūpaṁ dṛśyate śāmyate tathā.
24. varṇataḥ gṛhyate ca api kāmāt pibati ca āśayān
na ca asya tejasā rūpam dṛśyate śāmyate tathā
24. ca api varṇataḥ gṛhyate.
ca kāmāt āśayān pibati.
ca asya rūpam tejasā na dṛśyate.
tathā na śāmyate.
24. It (Vayu) is perceived (gṛhyate) by means of its distinguishing features, and it also consumes mental impressions (āśayān) stemming from desires (kāmāt). Neither is its form seen by its brilliance, nor does it ever cease.
अहंकारस्य विजितेः पञ्चैते स्युर्वशानुगाः ।
षण्णामात्मनि बुद्धौ च जितायां प्रभवत्यथ ॥२५॥
25. ahaṁkārasya vijiteḥ pañcaite syurvaśānugāḥ ,
ṣaṇṇāmātmani buddhau ca jitāyāṁ prabhavatyatha.
25. ahaṅkārasya vijiteḥ pañca ete syuḥ vaśānugāḥ
ṣaṇṇām ātmani buddhau ca jitāyām prabhavati atha
25. ahaṅkārasya vijiteḥ ete pañca vaśānugāḥ syuḥ.
atha ca buddhau jitāyām ātmani ṣaṇṇām prabhavati.
25. Upon the conquest (vijiti) of the ego (ahaṅkāra), these five (senses or sense organs) become compliant. And then, when the intellect (buddhi) is fully subdued, mastery over the group of six (sense faculties including the mind) manifests within the (true) self (ātman).
निर्दोषा प्रतिभा ह्येनं कृत्स्ना समभिवर्तते ।
तथैव व्यक्तमात्मानमव्यक्तं प्रतिपद्यते ॥२६॥
26. nirdoṣā pratibhā hyenaṁ kṛtsnā samabhivartate ,
tathaiva vyaktamātmānamavyaktaṁ pratipadyate.
26. nirdoṣā pratibhā hi enam kṛtsnā samabhivartate
tathā eva vyaktam ātmānam avyaktam pratipadyate
26. hi kṛtsnā nirdoṣā pratibhā enam samabhivartate
tathā eva avyaktam ātmānam vyaktam pratipadyate
26. Indeed, a complete and faultless intuition (pratibhā) arises in him. Similarly, one understands the unmanifest (avyakta) Self (ātman) as manifest.
यतो निःसरते लोको भवति व्यक्तसंज्ञकः ।
तत्राव्यक्तमयीं व्याख्यां शृणु त्वं विस्तरेण मे ।
तथा व्यक्तमयीं चैव संख्यां पूर्वं निबोध मे ॥२७॥
27. yato niḥsarate loko bhavati vyaktasaṁjñakaḥ ,
tatrāvyaktamayīṁ vyākhyāṁ śṛṇu tvaṁ vistareṇa me ,
tathā vyaktamayīṁ caiva saṁkhyāṁ pūrvaṁ nibodha me.
27. yataḥ niḥsarate lokaḥ bhavati
vyaktasaṃjñakaḥ tatra avyaktamayīm vyākhyām
śṛṇu tvam vistareṇa me tathā vyaktamayīm
ca eva saṃkhyām pūrvam nibodha me
27. yataḥ lokaḥ vyaktasaṃjñakaḥ bhavati (ca)
niḥsarate tatra avyaktamayīm vyākhyām
tvam me vistareṇa śṛṇu tathā ca eva
pūrvam vyaktamayīm saṃkhyām me nibodha
27. From which the world (loka) emanates and becomes known as the manifest (vyakta) – regarding that, listen to my detailed explanation of the unmanifest (avyakta). And similarly, first learn from me the description of the manifest.
पञ्चविंशतितत्त्वानि तुल्यान्युभयतः समम् ।
योगे सांख्येऽपि च तथा विशेषांस्तत्र मे शृणु ॥२८॥
28. pañcaviṁśatitattvāni tulyānyubhayataḥ samam ,
yoge sāṁkhye'pi ca tathā viśeṣāṁstatra me śṛṇu.
28. pañcaviṃśatitattvāni tulyāni ubhayataḥ samam
yoge sāṃkhye api ca tathā viśeṣān tatra me śṛṇu
28. pañcaviṃśatitattvāni ubhayataḥ samam tulyāni (santi)
ca tathā yoge api sāṃkhye api tatra viśeṣān me śṛṇu
28. The twenty-five principles (tattva) are equally the same in both (systems). And in the same way, listen to me about their specific distinctions in Yoga (dhyāna) and Sāṃkhya.
प्रोक्तं तद्व्यक्तमित्येव जायते वर्धते च यत् ।
जीर्यते म्रियते चैव चतुर्भिर्लक्षणैर्युतम् ॥२९॥
29. proktaṁ tadvyaktamityeva jāyate vardhate ca yat ,
jīryate mriyate caiva caturbhirlakṣaṇairyutam.
29. proktam tat vyaktam iti eva jāyate vardhate ca yat
jīryate mriyate ca eva caturbhiḥ lakṣaṇaiḥ yutam
29. yat jāyate vardhate ca jīryate ca mriyate eva,
tat caturbhiḥ lakṣaṇaiḥ yutam vyaktam iti eva proktam.
29. That which is born, grows, decays, and dies – that, endowed with these four characteristics, is indeed called the manifest (vyakta).
विपरीतमतो यत्तु तदव्यक्तमुदाहृतम् ।
द्वावात्मानौ च वेदेषु सिद्धान्तेष्वप्युदाहृतौ ॥३०॥
30. viparītamato yattu tadavyaktamudāhṛtam ,
dvāvātmānau ca vedeṣu siddhānteṣvapyudāhṛtau.
30. viparītam ataḥ yat tu tat avyaktam udāhṛtam
dvau ātmānau ca vedeṣu siddhānteṣu api udāhṛtau
30. yat tu ataḥ viparītam tat avyaktam udāhṛtam ca
vedeṣu siddhānteṣu api dvau ātmānau udāhṛtau
30. That which is the opposite of this is declared to be the unmanifest. Furthermore, two selves (ātman) are described in the Vedas as well as in the philosophical treatises.
चतुर्लक्षणजं त्वन्यं चतुर्वर्गं प्रचक्षते ।
व्यक्तमव्यक्तजं चैव तथा बुद्धमथेतरत् ।
सत्त्वं क्षेत्रज्ञ इत्येतद्द्वयमप्यनुदर्शितम् ॥३१॥
31. caturlakṣaṇajaṁ tvanyaṁ caturvargaṁ pracakṣate ,
vyaktamavyaktajaṁ caiva tathā buddhamathetarat ,
sattvaṁ kṣetrajña ityetaddvayamapyanudarśitam.
31. caturlakṣaṇajam tu anyam caturvargam
pracakṣate vyaktam avyaktajam ca eva
tathā buddham atha itarat sattvam
kṣetrajñaḥ iti etat dvayam api anudarśitam
31. tu anyam caturlakṣaṇajam caturvargam
pracakṣate vyaktam avyaktajam ca eva
tathā buddham atha itarat sattvam
kṣetrajñaḥ iti etat dvayam api anudarśitam
31. They declare a different group of four (caturvarga) that arises from four characteristics. The manifest, that which is born from the unmanifest, and similarly the conscious, and then the other (the unconscious). This pair, existence and the knower of the field, is also indicated.
द्वावात्मानौ च वेदेषु विषयेषु च रज्यतः ।
विषयात्प्रतिसंहारः सांख्यानां सिद्धिलक्षणम् ॥३२॥
32. dvāvātmānau ca vedeṣu viṣayeṣu ca rajyataḥ ,
viṣayātpratisaṁhāraḥ sāṁkhyānāṁ siddhilakṣaṇam.
32. dvau ātmānau ca vedeṣu viṣayeṣu ca rajyataḥ
viṣayāt pratisaṃhāraḥ sāṃkhyānām siddhilakṣaṇam
32. ca vedeṣu dvau ātmānau ca viṣayeṣu rajyataḥ
viṣayāt pratisaṃhāraḥ sāṃkhyānām siddhilakṣaṇam
32. Two selves (ātman) in the Vedas become attached to worldly objects. For the Sāṃkhyas, withdrawal (pratisaṃhāra) from such objects is the mark of perfection.
निर्ममश्चानहंकारो निर्द्वंद्वश्छिन्नसंशयः ।
नैव क्रुध्यति न द्वेष्टि नानृता भाषते गिरः ॥३३॥
33. nirmamaścānahaṁkāro nirdvaṁdvaśchinnasaṁśayaḥ ,
naiva krudhyati na dveṣṭi nānṛtā bhāṣate giraḥ.
33. nirmamaḥ ca anahaṃkāraḥ nirdvandvaḥ chinnasaṃśayaḥ
na eva krudhyati na dveṣṭi na anṛtā bhāṣate giraḥ
33. nirmamaḥ ca anahaṃkāraḥ nirdvandvaḥ chinnasaṃśayaḥ
(saḥ) na eva krudhyati na dveṣṭi na anṛtā giraḥ bhāṣate
33. One who is free from possessiveness, devoid of ego (ahaṅkāra), unaffected by dualities, and whose doubts are completely dispelled - such a person never becomes angry, nor hates, nor speaks false words.
आक्रुष्टस्ताडितश्चैव मैत्रेण ध्याति नाशुभम् ।
वाग्दण्डकर्ममनसां त्रयाणां च निवर्तकः ॥३४॥
34. ākruṣṭastāḍitaścaiva maitreṇa dhyāti nāśubham ,
vāgdaṇḍakarmamanasāṁ trayāṇāṁ ca nivartakaḥ.
34. ākruṣṭaḥ tāḍitaḥ ca eva maitreṇa dhyāti na aśubham
vāgdaṇḍakarmamanasām trayāṇām ca nivartakaḥ
34. ākruṣṭaḥ tāḍitaḥ ca eva maitreṇa dhyāti na aśubham
vāgdaṇḍakarmamanasām trayāṇām ca nivartakaḥ
34. Even when insulted or struck by a friend, he does not harbor any ill thoughts. He is one who controls the three: speech, physical actions, and the mind.
समः सर्वेषु भूतेषु ब्रह्माणमभिवर्तते ।
नैवेच्छति न चानिच्छो यात्रामात्रव्यवस्थितः ॥३५॥
35. samaḥ sarveṣu bhūteṣu brahmāṇamabhivartate ,
naivecchati na cāniccho yātrāmātravyavasthitaḥ.
35. samaḥ sarveṣu bhūteṣu brahmāṇam abhivartate na
eva icchati na ca anicchuḥ yātrāmātrāvyavasthitaḥ
35. samaḥ sarveṣu bhūteṣu brahmāṇam abhivartate na
eva icchati na ca anicchuḥ yātrāmātrāvyavasthitaḥ
35. He is impartial towards all beings and approaches Brahman (brahman). He neither desires nor is he someone who makes a point of not desiring, being content merely with what is essential for sustenance.
अलोलुपोऽव्यथो दान्तो न कृती न निराकृतिः ।
नास्येन्द्रियमनेकाग्रं नातिक्षिप्तमनोरथः ।
अहिंस्रः सर्वभूतानामीदृक्सांख्यो विमुच्यते ॥३६॥
36. alolupo'vyatho dānto na kṛtī na nirākṛtiḥ ,
nāsyendriyamanekāgraṁ nātikṣiptamanorathaḥ ,
ahiṁsraḥ sarvabhūtānāmīdṛksāṁkhyo vimucyate.
36. alolupaḥ avyathaḥ dāntaḥ na kṛtī na
nirākṛtiḥ na asya indriyam anekāgram
na atikṣiptamanorathaḥ ahiṃsraḥ
sarvabhūtānām īdṛk sāṃkhyaḥ vimucyate
36. alolupaḥ avyathaḥ dāntaḥ na kṛtī na
nirākṛtiḥ na asya indriyam anekāgram
na atikṣiptamanorathaḥ ahiṃsraḥ
sarvabhūtānām īdṛk sāṃkhyaḥ vimucyate
36. He is not greedy, free from anxiety, and self-controlled. He is neither overly active nor completely inactive. His senses are not scattered, nor are his desires excessively projected. Such a follower of Sāṃkhya, harmless to all beings, attains liberation (mokṣa).
अथ योगाद्विमुच्यन्ते कारणैर्यैर्निबोध मे ।
योगैश्वर्यमतिक्रान्तो योऽतिक्रामति मुच्यते ॥३७॥
37. atha yogādvimucyante kāraṇairyairnibodha me ,
yogaiśvaryamatikrānto yo'tikrāmati mucyate.
37. atha yogāt vimucyante kāraṇaiḥ yaiḥ nibodha me
yogaiśvaryam atikrāntaḥ yaḥ atikrāmati mucyate
37. atha yogāt vimucyante kāraṇaiḥ yaiḥ nibodha me
yogaiśvaryam atikrāntaḥ yaḥ atikrāmati mucyate
37. Now, learn from me the principles by which people are liberated (mokṣa) from (the attachments of) yoga (yoga). He who transcends the spiritual mastery (aiśvarya) of yoga (yoga) - he truly transcends, and he is liberated (mokṣa).
इत्येषा भावजा बुद्धिः कथिता ते न संशयः ।
एवं भवति निर्द्वंद्वो ब्रह्माणं चाधिगच्छति ॥३८॥
38. ityeṣā bhāvajā buddhiḥ kathitā te na saṁśayaḥ ,
evaṁ bhavati nirdvaṁdvo brahmāṇaṁ cādhigacchati.
38. iti eṣā bhāvajā buddhiḥ kathitā te na saṃśayaḥ
evam bhavati nirdvandvaḥ brahmāṇam ca adhigacchati
38. iti eṣā bhāvajā buddhiḥ te kathitā na saṃśayaḥ
evam nirdvandvaḥ bhavati ca brahmāṇam adhigacchati
38. Thus, this intellect (buddhi), born from the essence of being, has been explained to you without a doubt. By this means, one becomes free from duality and attains the ultimate reality (brahman).