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महाभारतः       mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-328

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जनमेजय उवाच ।
अस्तौषीद्यैरिमं व्यासः सशिष्यो मधुसूदनम् ।
नामभिर्विविधैरेषां निरुक्तं भगवन्मम ॥१॥
1. janamejaya uvāca ,
astauṣīdyairimaṁ vyāsaḥ saśiṣyo madhusūdanam ,
nāmabhirvividhaireṣāṁ niruktaṁ bhagavanmama.
1. janamejayaḥ uvāca astauṣīt yaiḥ imam vyāsaḥ saśiṣyaḥ
madhusūdanam nāmabhiḥ vividhaiḥ eṣām niruktam bhagavan mama
1. Janamejaya said: "O Lord, please explain to me the etymology of these various names by which Vyasa, along with his disciples, praised Madhusudana."
वक्तुमर्हसि शुश्रूषोः प्रजापतिपतेर्हरेः ।
श्रुत्वा भवेयं यत्पूतः शरच्चन्द्र इवामलः ॥२॥
2. vaktumarhasi śuśrūṣoḥ prajāpatipaterhareḥ ,
śrutvā bhaveyaṁ yatpūtaḥ śaraccandra ivāmalaḥ.
2. vaktum arhasi śuśrūṣoḥ prajāpatipateḥ hareḥ
śrutvā bhaveyam yat pūtaḥ śaraccandraḥ iva amalaḥ
2. You ought to speak to me, who desires to hear about Hari, the Lord of lords of creatures. By hearing which, I may become purified and spotless, like an autumn moon.
वैशंपायन उवाच ।
शृणु राजन्यथाचष्ट फल्गुनस्य हरिर्विभुः ।
प्रसन्नात्मात्मनो नाम्नां निरुक्तं गुणकर्मजम् ॥३॥
3. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
śṛṇu rājanyathācaṣṭa phalgunasya harirvibhuḥ ,
prasannātmātmano nāmnāṁ niruktaṁ guṇakarmajam.
3. vaiśaṃpāyanaḥ uvāca śṛṇu rājan yathā ācaṣṭa phalgunasya
hariḥ vibhuḥ prasannātmā ātmanaḥ nāmnām niruktam guṇakarmajam
3. Vaiśampāyana said: "Listen, O King! Hari, the all-pervading (vibhu) Lord, with a pleased mind (ātman), explained to Arjuna the etymology of his own names, which are derived from his qualities and actions (karma)."
नामभिः कीर्तितैस्तस्य केशवस्य महात्मनः ।
पृष्टवान्केशवं राजन्फल्गुनः परवीरहा ॥४॥
4. nāmabhiḥ kīrtitaistasya keśavasya mahātmanaḥ ,
pṛṣṭavānkeśavaṁ rājanphalgunaḥ paravīrahā.
4. nāmabhiḥ kīrtitaiḥ tasya keśavasya mahātmanaḥ
pṛṣṭavān keśavam rājan phalgunaḥ paravīrahā
4. rājan phalgunaḥ paravīrahā tasya mahātmanaḥ
keśavasya kīrtitaiḥ nāmabhiḥ keśavam pṛṣṭavān
4. O King, Arjuna, the slayer of enemy heroes, questioned Keśava regarding the celebrated names of that great-souled Keśava.
अर्जुन उवाच ।
भगवन्भूतभव्येश सर्वभूतसृगव्यय ।
लोकधाम जगन्नाथ लोकानामभयप्रद ॥५॥
5. arjuna uvāca ,
bhagavanbhūtabhavyeśa sarvabhūtasṛgavyaya ,
lokadhāma jagannātha lokānāmabhayaprada.
5. arjuna uvāca bhagavan bhūtabhavyeśa sarvabhūtasṛj
avyaya lokadhāman jagannātha lokānām abhayaprada
5. arjuna uvāca bhagavan bhūtabhavyeśa sarvabhūtasṛj
avyaya lokadhāman jagannātha lokānām abhayaprada
5. Arjuna said: O Lord, controller of past and future, immutable creator of all beings, abode of the worlds, Lord of the universe, and bestower of fearlessness to all worlds!
यानि नामानि ते देव कीर्तितानि महर्षिभिः ।
वेदेषु सपुराणेषु यानि गुह्यानि कर्मभिः ॥६॥
6. yāni nāmāni te deva kīrtitāni maharṣibhiḥ ,
vedeṣu sapurāṇeṣu yāni guhyāni karmabhiḥ.
6. yāni nāmāni te deva kīrtitāni maharṣibhiḥ
vedeṣu sapurāṇeṣu yāni guhyāni karmabhiḥ
6. deva te yāni nāmāni maharṣibhiḥ vedeṣu
sapurāṇeṣu kīrtitāni yāni karmabhiḥ guhyāni
6. O God, those names of yours that have been glorified by great sages in the Vedas, along with the Purāṇas, and those that are esoteric (guhya) through rituals (karma)...
तेषां निरुक्तं त्वत्तोऽहं श्रोतुमिच्छामि केशव ।
न ह्यन्यो वर्तयेन्नाम्नां निरुक्तं त्वामृते प्रभो ॥७॥
7. teṣāṁ niruktaṁ tvatto'haṁ śrotumicchāmi keśava ,
na hyanyo vartayennāmnāṁ niruktaṁ tvāmṛte prabho.
7. teṣām niruktam tvattaḥ aham śrotum icchāmi keśava na
hi anyaḥ vartayet nāmnām niruktam tvām ṛte prabho
7. keśava aham tvattaḥ teṣām niruktam śrotum icchāmi hi
prabho tvām ṛte anyaḥ nāmnām niruktam na vartayet
7. O Keśava, I desire to hear from you the etymological explanation of those names. For, O Lord, no one else but you can provide the explanation (nirukta) of these names.
श्रीभगवानुवाच ।
ऋग्वेदे सयजुर्वेदे तथैवाथर्वसामसु ।
पुराणे सोपनिषदे तथैव ज्योतिषेऽर्जुन ॥८॥
8. śrībhagavānuvāca ,
ṛgvede sayajurvede tathaivātharvasāmasu ,
purāṇe sopaniṣade tathaiva jyotiṣe'rjuna.
8. śrībhagavān uvāca ṛgvede sayajurvede tathā eva
atharvasāmasu purāṇe sopaniṣade tathā eva jyotiṣe arjuna
8. śrībhagavān uvāca arjuna ṛgvede sayajurvede tathā
eva atharvasāmasu purāṇe sopaniṣade tathā eva jyotiṣe
8. The Blessed Lord said: "O Arjuna, in the Ṛgveda, along with the Yajurveda, and similarly in the Atharvaveda and Sāmaveda; in the Purāṇas, together with the Upaniṣads; and likewise in Jyotiṣa..."
सांख्ये च योगशास्त्रे च आयुर्वेदे तथैव च ।
बहूनि मम नामानि कीर्तितानि महर्षिभिः ॥९॥
9. sāṁkhye ca yogaśāstre ca āyurvede tathaiva ca ,
bahūni mama nāmāni kīrtitāni maharṣibhiḥ.
9. sāṃkhye ca yogaśāstre ca āyurvede tathā eva
ca bahūni mama nāmāni kīrtitāni maharṣibhiḥ
9. sāṃkhye ca yogaśāstre ca āyurvede tathā eva
ca mama bahūni nāmāni maharṣibhiḥ kīrtitāni
9. and in Sāṃkhya, and in the Yogaśāstra, and likewise in Ayurveda, many names of mine have been celebrated by great sages.
गौणानि तत्र नामानि कर्मजानि च कानिचित् ।
निरुक्तं कर्मजानां च शृणुष्व प्रयतोऽनघ ।
कथ्यमानं मया तात त्वं हि मेऽर्धं स्मृतः पुरा ॥१०॥
10. gauṇāni tatra nāmāni karmajāni ca kānicit ,
niruktaṁ karmajānāṁ ca śṛṇuṣva prayato'nagha ,
kathyamānaṁ mayā tāta tvaṁ hi me'rdhaṁ smṛtaḥ purā.
10. gauṇāni tatra nāmāni karmajāni ca
kānicit niruktaṃ karmajānām ca śṛṇuṣva
prayataḥ anagha kathyamānaṃ mayā
tāta tvaṃ hi me ardhaṃ smṛtaḥ purā
10. tatra nāmāni kānicit gauṇāni ca kānicit karmajāni anagha,
mayā kathyamānaṃ karmajānām niruktaṃ ca prayataḥ śṛṇuṣva tāta,
hi tvaṃ purā me ardhaṃ smṛtaḥ
10. Among those names, some are secondary (descriptive), and some are derived from deeds. Now listen attentively, O sinless one, to the explanation of these names that are derived from deeds, as I narrate them, my dear child. For you are indeed remembered by me as half (of my own being) from ancient times.
नमोऽतियशसे तस्मै देहिनां परमात्मने ।
नारायणाय विश्वाय निर्गुणाय गुणात्मने ॥११॥
11. namo'tiyaśase tasmai dehināṁ paramātmane ,
nārāyaṇāya viśvāya nirguṇāya guṇātmane.
11. namaḥ atiyaśase tasmai dehinām paramātmane
nārāyaṇāya viśvāya nirguṇāya guṇātmane
11. tasmai atiyaśase dehinām paramātmane
nārāyaṇāya viśvāya nirguṇāya guṇātmane namaḥ
11. Salutations to that supremely glorious one, the supreme self (paramātman) of all embodied beings. Salutations to Nārāyaṇa, the all-pervading universe, who is beyond material attributes (nirguṇa), yet is the very essence of all qualities (guṇātman).
यस्य प्रसादजो ब्रह्मा रुद्रश्च क्रोधसंभवः ।
योऽसौ योनिर्हि सर्वस्य स्थावरस्य चरस्य च ॥१२॥
12. yasya prasādajo brahmā rudraśca krodhasaṁbhavaḥ ,
yo'sau yonirhi sarvasya sthāvarasya carasya ca.
12. yasya prasādajaḥ brahmā rudraḥ ca krodhasaṃbhavaḥ
yaḥ asau yoniḥ hi sarvasya sthāvarasya carasya ca
12. yaḥ asau hi yasya prasādajaḥ brahmā ca krodhasaṃbhavaḥ
rudraḥ sarvasya sthāvarasya carasya ca yoniḥ
12. From whose grace Brahmā is born, and Rudra (Śiva) from whose wrath arises, He indeed is the origin of all that is unmoving and moving.
अष्टादशगुणं यत्तत्सत्त्वं सत्त्ववतां वर ।
प्रकृतिः सा परा मह्यं रोदसी योगधारिणी ।
ऋता सत्यामराजय्या लोकानामात्मसंज्ञिता ॥१३॥
13. aṣṭādaśaguṇaṁ yattatsattvaṁ sattvavatāṁ vara ,
prakṛtiḥ sā parā mahyaṁ rodasī yogadhāriṇī ,
ṛtā satyāmarājayyā lokānāmātmasaṁjñitā.
13. aṣṭādaśaguṇam yat tat sattvam
sattvavatām vara prakṛtiḥ sā parā
mahyam rodasī yogadhāriṇī ṛtā
satyā amarajayyā lokānām ātmasaṃjñitā
13. sattvavatām vara yat aṣṭādaśaguṇam
tat sattvam sā mahyam parā
prakṛtiḥ rodasī yogadhāriṇī ṛtā
satyā amarajayyā lokānām ātmasaṃjñitā
13. O best among those endowed with goodness! That eighteen-fold quality which is goodness, that supreme nature (prakṛti) of mine, encompassing heaven and earth, is the sustainer of spiritual discipline (yoga). It is the cosmic order (ṛtā), the truth (satyā), unconquerable even by immortals, and known as the self (ātman) of all worlds.
तस्मात्सर्वाः प्रवर्तन्ते सर्गप्रलयविक्रियाः ।
ततो यज्ञश्च यष्टा च पुराणः पुरुषो विराट् ।
अनिरुद्ध इति प्रोक्तो लोकानां प्रभवाप्ययः ॥१४॥
14. tasmātsarvāḥ pravartante sargapralayavikriyāḥ ,
tato yajñaśca yaṣṭā ca purāṇaḥ puruṣo virāṭ ,
aniruddha iti prokto lokānāṁ prabhavāpyayaḥ.
14. tasmāt sarvāḥ pravartante
sargapralayavikriyāḥ tataḥ yajñaḥ ca yaṣṭā
ca purāṇaḥ puruṣaḥ virāṭ aniruddhaḥ
iti proktaḥ lokānām prabhavāpyayaḥ
14. tasmāt sarvāḥ sargapralayavikriyāḥ
pravartante tataḥ purāṇaḥ yajñaḥ
ca yaṣṭā ca virāṭ puruṣaḥ lokānām
prabhavāpyayaḥ aniruddhaḥ iti proktaḥ
14. From that (prakṛti) all the transformations of creation and dissolution proceed. From that also arises the ancient Vedic ritual (yajña) and the performer of the Vedic ritual (yaṣṭā), the supreme cosmic person (puruṣa), Virāṭ. He is declared as Aniruddha, the origin and dissolution of the worlds.
ब्राह्मे रात्रिक्षये प्राप्ते तस्य ह्यमिततेजसः ।
प्रसादात्प्रादुरभवत्पद्मं पद्मनिभेक्षण ।
तत्र ब्रह्मा समभवत्स तस्यैव प्रसादजः ॥१५॥
15. brāhme rātrikṣaye prāpte tasya hyamitatejasaḥ ,
prasādātprādurabhavatpadmaṁ padmanibhekṣaṇa ,
tatra brahmā samabhavatsa tasyaiva prasādajaḥ.
15. brāhme rātrikṣaye prāpte tasya hi
amitatejasaḥ prasādāt prādurbhavat
padmam padmanibhekṣaṇa tatra brahmā
samabhavat saḥ tasya eva prasādajaḥ
15. padmanibhekṣaṇa brāhme rātrikṣaye
prāpte hi tasya amitatejasaḥ prasādāt
padmam prādurbhavat tatra brahmā
samabhavat saḥ tasya eva prasādajaḥ
15. O lotus-eyed one, when the end of Brahmā's night arrived, from the grace of that indeed immeasurably effulgent being, a lotus appeared. There, Brahmā was born, himself produced by that very grace.
अह्नः क्षये ललाटाच्च सुतो देवस्य वै तथा ।
क्रोधाविष्टस्य संजज्ञे रुद्रः संहारकारकः ॥१६॥
16. ahnaḥ kṣaye lalāṭācca suto devasya vai tathā ,
krodhāviṣṭasya saṁjajñe rudraḥ saṁhārakārakaḥ.
16. ahnaḥ kṣaye lalāṭāt ca sutaḥ devasya vai tathā
krodhāviṣṭasya saṃjajñe rudraḥ saṃhārakārakaḥ
16. ahnaḥ kṣaye tathā vai devasya krodhāviṣṭasya
lalāṭāt ca sutaḥ saṃhārakārakaḥ rudraḥ saṃjajñe
16. In the decline of the day, from the forehead of the enraged deity, verily, in that manner, Rudra, the agent of destruction, was born.
एतौ द्वौ विबुधश्रेष्ठौ प्रसादक्रोधजौ स्मृतौ ।
तदादेशितपन्थानौ सृष्टिसंहारकारकौ ।
निमित्तमात्रं तावत्र सर्वप्राणिवरप्रदौ ॥१७॥
17. etau dvau vibudhaśreṣṭhau prasādakrodhajau smṛtau ,
tadādeśitapanthānau sṛṣṭisaṁhārakārakau ,
nimittamātraṁ tāvatra sarvaprāṇivarapradau.
17. etau dvau vibudhaśreṣṭhau
prasādakrodhajau smṛtau tadādeśitapanthānau
sṛṣṭisaṃhārakārakau nimittamātram
tau atra sarvaprāṇivarapradau
17. etau dvau vibudhaśreṣṭhau
prasādakrodhajau smṛtau tadādeśitapanthānau
sṛṣṭisaṃhārakārakau tau atra
nimittamātram sarvaprāṇivarapradau
17. These two, the foremost among the enlightened ones, are remembered as born from grace and anger. They are the ones whose path is ordained for creation and destruction. Here, they are merely instruments, bestowing boons upon all beings.
कपर्दी जटिलो मुण्डः श्मशानगृहसेवकः ।
उग्रव्रतधरो रुद्रो योगी त्रिपुरदारुणः ॥१८॥
18. kapardī jaṭilo muṇḍaḥ śmaśānagṛhasevakaḥ ,
ugravratadharo rudro yogī tripuradāruṇaḥ.
18. kapardī jaṭilaḥ muṇḍaḥ śmaśānagṛhasevakaḥ
ugravratadharaḥ rudraḥ yogī tripuradāruṇaḥ
18. rudraḥ kapardī jaṭilaḥ muṇḍaḥ śmaśānagṛhasevakaḥ
ugravratadharaḥ yogī tripuradāruṇaḥ
18. Rudra is described as one with matted locks (kapardī), having matted hair (jaṭila), shaven-headed (muṇḍa), a servant of cremation grounds. He observes severe vows, is a yogin (yogī), and is formidable (dāruṇa) for the three cities (tripura).
दक्षक्रतुहरश्चैव भगनेत्रहरस्तथा ।
नारायणात्मको ज्ञेयः पाण्डवेय युगे युगे ॥१९॥
19. dakṣakratuharaścaiva bhaganetraharastathā ,
nārāyaṇātmako jñeyaḥ pāṇḍaveya yuge yuge.
19. dakṣakratuharaḥ ca eva bhaganetrahaḥ tathā
nārāyaṇātmakaḥ jñeyaḥ pāṇḍaveya yuge yuge
19. pāṇḍaveya dakṣakratuharaḥ ca eva tathā
bhaganetrahaḥ yuge yuge nārāyaṇātmakaḥ jñeyaḥ
19. He is indeed the remover of Dakṣa's Vedic ritual (yajña) and also the destroyer of Bhaga's eyes; thus, he should be known as having the nature of Nārāyaṇa (ātman), O son of Pāṇḍu, in every age (yuga).
तस्मिन्हि पूज्यमाने वै देवदेवे महेश्वरे ।
संपूजितो भवेत्पार्थ देवो नारायणः प्रभुः ॥२०॥
20. tasminhi pūjyamāne vai devadeve maheśvare ,
saṁpūjito bhavetpārtha devo nārāyaṇaḥ prabhuḥ.
20. tasmin hi pūjyamāne vai devadeve maheśvare
saṃpūjitaḥ bhavet pārtha devaḥ nārāyaṇaḥ prabhuḥ
20. pārtha hi vai tasmin devadeve maheśvare pūjyamāne
nārāyaṇaḥ prabhuḥ devaḥ saṃpūjitaḥ bhavet
20. For indeed, when that Great Lord (Maheśvara), the God of gods, is worshipped, O Pārtha, then Lord Nārāyaṇa, the supreme master, is also worshipped.
अहमात्मा हि लोकानां विश्वानां पाण्डुनन्दन ।
तस्मादात्मानमेवाग्रे रुद्रं संपूजयाम्यहम् ॥२१॥
21. ahamātmā hi lokānāṁ viśvānāṁ pāṇḍunandana ,
tasmādātmānamevāgre rudraṁ saṁpūjayāmyaham.
21. aham ātmā hi lokānām viśvānām pāṇḍunandana
tasmāt ātmānam eva agre rudram saṃpūjayāmi aham
21. pāṇḍunandana aham hi viśvānām lokānām ātmā
tasmāt aham agre ātmānam eva rudram saṃpūjayāmi
21. O son of Pāṇḍu, I am indeed the very (ātman) Self of all the worlds. Therefore, I first worship myself, Rudra.
यद्यहं नार्चयेयं वै ईशानं वरदं शिवम् ।
आत्मानं नार्चयेत्कश्चिदिति मे भावितं मनः ।
मया प्रमाणं हि कृतं लोकः समनुवर्तते ॥२२॥
22. yadyahaṁ nārcayeyaṁ vai īśānaṁ varadaṁ śivam ,
ātmānaṁ nārcayetkaściditi me bhāvitaṁ manaḥ ,
mayā pramāṇaṁ hi kṛtaṁ lokaḥ samanuvartate.
22. yadi aham na arcayeyam vai īśānam
varadam śivam ātmānam na arcayet
kaścit iti me bhāvitam manaḥ mayā
pramāṇam hi kṛtam lokaḥ samanuvartate
22. yadi aham vai īśānam varadam śivam
na arcayeyam kaścit ātmānam na
arcayet iti me manaḥ bhāvitam hi mayā
pramāṇam kṛtam lokaḥ samanuvartate
22. If I indeed do not worship Īśāna, the boon-giving Śiva, then no one would worship the (ātman) Self; such is the conviction of my mind. For a standard has been set by me, and the world follows it.
प्रमाणानि हि पूज्यानि ततस्तं पूजयाम्यहम् ।
यस्तं वेत्ति स मां वेत्ति योऽनु तं स हि मामनु ॥२३॥
23. pramāṇāni hi pūjyāni tatastaṁ pūjayāmyaham ,
yastaṁ vetti sa māṁ vetti yo'nu taṁ sa hi māmanu.
23. pramāṇāni hi pūjyāni tataḥ tam pūjayāmi aham yaḥ
tam vetti saḥ mām vetti yaḥ anu tam saḥ hi mām anu
23. hi pramāṇāni pūjyāni tataḥ aham tam pūjayāmi yaḥ
tam vetti saḥ mām vetti yaḥ tam anu saḥ hi mām anu
23. Indeed, standards are to be honored; therefore, I worship him. Whoever knows him, knows me; and whoever follows him, indeed follows me.
रुद्रो नारायणश्चैव सत्त्वमेकं द्विधाकृतम् ।
लोके चरति कौन्तेय व्यक्तिस्थं सर्वकर्मसु ॥२४॥
24. rudro nārāyaṇaścaiva sattvamekaṁ dvidhākṛtam ,
loke carati kaunteya vyaktisthaṁ sarvakarmasu.
24. rudraḥ nārāyaṇaḥ ca eva sattvam ekam dvidhā-kṛtam
loke carati kaunteya vyakti-stham sarva-karmasu
24. kaunteya rudraḥ nārāyaṇaḥ ca eva ekam sattvam
dvidhā-kṛtam loke vyakti-stham sarva-karmasu carati
24. Rudra and Nārāyaṇa are indeed one essence (sattva) divided into two forms. They move in the world, O son of Kuntī, present as distinct manifestations (vyakti) in all actions.
न हि मे केनचिद्देयो वरः पाण्डवनन्दन ।
इति संचिन्त्य मनसा पुराणं विश्वमीश्वरम् ।
पुत्रार्थमाराधितवानात्मानमहमात्मना ॥२५॥
25. na hi me kenaciddeyo varaḥ pāṇḍavanandana ,
iti saṁcintya manasā purāṇaṁ viśvamīśvaram ,
putrārthamārādhitavānātmānamahamātmanā.
25. na hi me kenacit deyaḥ varaḥ
pāṇḍava-nandana iti saṃcintya manasā
purāṇam viśvam īśvaram putra-artham
ārādhitavān ātmānam aham ātmanā
25. pāṇḍava-nandana me kenacit varaḥ
na hi deyaḥ iti manasā purāṇam
viśvam īśvaram saṃcintya aham
putra-artham ātmānam ātmanā ārādhitavān
25. "Indeed, no boon (vara) is to be given to me by anyone, O delight of the Pāṇḍavas!" Thinking thus in my mind of the ancient, universal Lord (īśvara), I worshipped the supreme Self (ātman) with my own self (ātman) for the sake of a son.
न हि विष्णुः प्रणमति कस्मैचिद्विबुधाय तु ।
ऋत आत्मानमेवेति ततो रुद्रं भजाम्यहम् ॥२६॥
26. na hi viṣṇuḥ praṇamati kasmaicidvibudhāya tu ,
ṛta ātmānameveti tato rudraṁ bhajāmyaham.
26. na hi viṣṇuḥ praṇamati kasmaicit vibudhāya tu
ṛta ātmānam eva iti tataḥ rudram bhajāmi aham
26. viṣṇuḥ kasmaicit vibudhāya tu na hi praṇamati,
ṛta ātmānam eva iti tataḥ aham rudram bhajāmi
26. Indeed, Viṣṇu does not bow to any deity, except to his own Self (ātman) only. Therefore, I worship Rudra.
सब्रह्मकाः सरुद्राश्च सेन्द्रा देवाः सहर्षिभिः ।
अर्चयन्ति सुरश्रेष्ठं देवं नारायणं हरिम् ॥२७॥
27. sabrahmakāḥ sarudrāśca sendrā devāḥ saharṣibhiḥ ,
arcayanti suraśreṣṭhaṁ devaṁ nārāyaṇaṁ harim.
27. sa-brahmakāḥ sa-rudrāḥ ca sa-indrāḥ devāḥ sa-ṛṣibhiḥ
arcayanti sura-śreṣṭham devam nārāyaṇam harim
27. sa-brahmakāḥ sa-rudrāḥ ca sa-indrāḥ devāḥ sa-ṛṣibhiḥ
sura-śreṣṭham devam nārāyaṇam harim arcayanti
27. The gods, accompanied by Brahmā, Rudra, and Indra, along with the sages, worship the foremost of deities, Lord Nārāyaṇa Hari.
भविष्यतां वर्ततां च भूतानां चैव भारत ।
सर्वेषामग्रणीर्विष्णुः सेव्यः पूज्यश्च नित्यशः ॥२८॥
28. bhaviṣyatāṁ vartatāṁ ca bhūtānāṁ caiva bhārata ,
sarveṣāmagraṇīrviṣṇuḥ sevyaḥ pūjyaśca nityaśaḥ.
28. bhaviṣyatām vartatām ca bhūtānām ca eva bhārata
sarveṣām agraṇīḥ viṣṇuḥ sevyaḥ pūjyaḥ ca nityaśaḥ
28. bhārata bhaviṣyatām vartatām ca bhūtānām ca eva
sarveṣām agraṇīḥ viṣṇuḥ nityaśaḥ sevyaḥ ca pūjyaḥ
28. O Bhārata, Viṣṇu is the foremost among all beings, whether they are yet to come, presently exist, or have existed. He is always to be served and worshipped.
नमस्व हव्यदं विष्णुं तथा शरणदं नम ।
वरदं नमस्व कौन्तेय हव्यकव्यभुजं नम ॥२९॥
29. namasva havyadaṁ viṣṇuṁ tathā śaraṇadaṁ nama ,
varadaṁ namasva kaunteya havyakavyabhujaṁ nama.
29. namasva havyadam viṣṇum tathā śaraṇadam nama
varadam namasva kaunteya havyakavyabhujam nama
29. kaunteya havyadam viṣṇum namasva tathā śaraṇadam
nama varadam namasva havyakavyabhujam nama
29. O son of Kuntī, bow down to Viṣṇu, the bestower of oblations. Likewise, bow down to him who grants refuge. Bow down to him who grants boons, and bow down to him who consumes the offerings (havya) made to the gods and offerings (kavya) made to ancestors.
चतुर्विधा मम जना भक्ता एवं हि ते श्रुतम् ।
तेषामेकान्तिनः श्रेष्ठास्ते चैवानन्यदेवताः ।
अहमेव गतिस्तेषां निराशीःकर्मकारिणाम् ॥३०॥
30. caturvidhā mama janā bhaktā evaṁ hi te śrutam ,
teṣāmekāntinaḥ śreṣṭhāste caivānanyadevatāḥ ,
ahameva gatisteṣāṁ nirāśīḥkarmakāriṇām.
30. caturvidhāḥ mama janāḥ bhaktāḥ evam
hi te śrutam teṣām ekāntinaḥ
śreṣṭhāḥ te ca eva ananyadevatāḥ aham
eva gatiḥ teṣām nirāśīḥ karmakāriṇām
30. mama bhaktāḥ janāḥ caturvidhāḥ evam
hi te śrutam teṣām ekāntinaḥ
śreṣṭhāḥ te ca eva ananyadevatāḥ nirāśīḥ
karmakāriṇām teṣām aham eva gatiḥ
30. My devotees (bhakta) are of four types; indeed, this has been heard by you. Among them, the exclusive devotees are the best, and they worship no other deities. I alone am the path for those who perform actions (karma) without desire for results.
ये च शिष्टास्त्रयो भक्ताः फलकामा हि ते मताः ।
सर्वे च्यवनधर्माणः प्रतिबुद्धस्तु श्रेष्ठभाक् ॥३१॥
31. ye ca śiṣṭāstrayo bhaktāḥ phalakāmā hi te matāḥ ,
sarve cyavanadharmāṇaḥ pratibuddhastu śreṣṭhabhāk.
31. ye ca śiṣṭāḥ trayaḥ bhaktāḥ phalakāmāḥ hi te matāḥ
sarve cyavanadharmāṇaḥ pratibuddhaḥ tu śreṣṭhabhāq
31. ca ye śiṣṭāḥ trayaḥ bhaktāḥ hi phalakāmāḥ te matāḥ
sarve cyavanadharmāṇaḥ tu pratibuddhaḥ śreṣṭhabhāq
31. And the three remaining types of devotees (bhakta) are indeed considered to be desirous of results. All of them possess the nature of decline (cyavana-dharma), but the enlightened one (pratibuddha) attains the supreme.
ब्रह्माणं शितिकण्ठं च याश्चान्या देवताः स्मृताः ।
प्रबुद्धवर्याः सेवन्ते मामेवैष्यन्ति यत्परम् ।
भक्तं प्रति विशेषस्ते एष पार्थानुकीर्तितः ॥३२॥
32. brahmāṇaṁ śitikaṇṭhaṁ ca yāścānyā devatāḥ smṛtāḥ ,
prabuddhavaryāḥ sevante māmevaiṣyanti yatparam ,
bhaktaṁ prati viśeṣaste eṣa pārthānukīrtitaḥ.
32. brahmāṇam śitikaṇṭham ca yāḥ ca anyāḥ
devatāḥ smṛtāḥ prabuddhavaryāḥ sevante
mām eva eṣyanti yat param bhaktam
prati viśeṣaḥ te eṣaḥ pārtha anukīrtitaḥ
32. The best among the enlightened (prabuddhavaryāḥ) worship me alone, and they will attain that supreme (yatparam) state. This includes Brahmā, Śitikaṇṭha (Shiva), and all other revered deities. This special quality regarding the devotee has been recounted to you, O Pārtha.
त्वं चैवाहं च कौन्तेय नरनारायणौ स्मृतौ ।
भारावतरणार्थं हि प्रविष्टौ मानुषीं तनुम् ॥३३॥
33. tvaṁ caivāhaṁ ca kaunteya naranārāyaṇau smṛtau ,
bhārāvataraṇārthaṁ hi praviṣṭau mānuṣīṁ tanum.
33. tvam ca eva aham ca kaunteya naranārāyaṇau smṛtau
bhārāvataraṇārtham hi praviṣṭau mānuṣīm tanum
33. Indeed, you and I, O Kaunteya, are remembered as Nara and Nārāyaṇa, having entered a human body for the purpose of alleviating the earth's burden.
जानाम्यध्यात्मयोगांश्च योऽहं यस्माच्च भारत ।
निवृत्तिलक्षणो धर्मस्तथाभ्युदयिकोऽपि च ॥३४॥
34. jānāmyadhyātmayogāṁśca yo'haṁ yasmācca bhārata ,
nivṛttilakṣaṇo dharmastathābhyudayiko'pi ca.
34. jānāmi adhyātmayogān ca yaḥ aham yasmāt ca bhārata
nivṛttilakṣaṇaḥ dharmaḥ tathā abhyudayikaḥ api ca
34. O Bhārata, I know the spiritual (adhyātma) disciplines (yoga), as well as who I am and from what source. This includes both the natural law (dharma) characterized by renunciation and that which leads to prosperity.
नराणामयनं ख्यातमहमेकः सनातनः ।
आपो नारा इति प्रोक्ता आपो वै नरसूनवः ।
अयनं मम तत्पूर्वमतो नारायणो ह्यहम् ॥३५॥
35. narāṇāmayanaṁ khyātamahamekaḥ sanātanaḥ ,
āpo nārā iti proktā āpo vai narasūnavaḥ ,
ayanaṁ mama tatpūrvamato nārāyaṇo hyaham.
35. narāṇām ayanam khyātam aham ekaḥ
sanātanaḥ āpaḥ nārāḥ iti proktāḥ
āpaḥ vai narasūnavaḥ ayanam mama
tat pūrvam ataḥ nārāyaṇaḥ hi aham
35. I am known as the sole eternal abode (ayana) of men (nara). The waters are indeed declared as Nārā, and these waters are verily the offspring of Nara. That was formerly my abode (ayana); therefore, I am Nārāyaṇa.
छादयामि जगद्विश्वं भूत्वा सूर्य इवांशुभिः ।
सर्वभूताधिवासश्च वासुदेवस्ततो ह्यहम् ॥३६॥
36. chādayāmi jagadviśvaṁ bhūtvā sūrya ivāṁśubhiḥ ,
sarvabhūtādhivāsaśca vāsudevastato hyaham.
36. chādayāmi jagat viśvam bhūtvā sūryaḥ iva aṃśubhiḥ
sarvabhūtādhivāsaḥ ca vāsudevaḥ tataḥ hi aham
36. aham sūryaḥ aṃśubhiḥ iva viśvam jagat bhūtvā chādayāmi
ca tataḥ hi aham sarvabhūtādhivāsaḥ vāsudevaḥ
36. I cover this entire world, just as the sun does with its rays. Therefore, I am Vasudeva, the dwelling place of all beings.
गतिश्च सर्वभूतानां प्रजानां चापि भारत ।
व्याप्ता मे रोदसी पार्थ कान्तिश्चाभ्यधिका मम ॥३७॥
37. gatiśca sarvabhūtānāṁ prajānāṁ cāpi bhārata ,
vyāptā me rodasī pārtha kāntiścābhyadhikā mama.
37. gatiḥ ca sarvabhūtānām prajānām ca api bhārata
vyāptā me rodasī pārtha kāntiḥ ca abhyadhikā mama
37. bhārata,
aham sarvabhūtānām prajānām ca api gatiḥ pārtha,
me rodasī vyāptā ca mama kāntiḥ abhyadhikā
37. O Bhārata, I am also the ultimate goal (gati) of all beings and of all creatures. O Pārtha, the heaven and earth are pervaded by me, and my splendor is exceedingly great.
अधिभूतानि चान्तेऽहं तदिच्छंश्चास्मि भारत ।
क्रमणाच्चाप्यहं पार्थ विष्णुरित्यभिसंज्ञितः ॥३८॥
38. adhibhūtāni cānte'haṁ tadicchaṁścāsmi bhārata ,
kramaṇāccāpyahaṁ pārtha viṣṇurityabhisaṁjñitaḥ.
38. adhibhūtāni ca ante aham tat icchan ca asmi bhārata
kramaṇāt ca api aham pārtha viṣṇuḥ iti abhisaṃjñitaḥ
38. bhārata,
aham ante adhibhūtāni ca ca tat icchan asmi pārtha,
ca api aham kramaṇāt iti viṣṇuḥ abhisaṃjñitaḥ
38. O Bhārata, I am the perishable material existence (adhibhūta) at the time of dissolution, and I am the one who desires that. And also, O Pārtha, because of My all-pervading nature (kramaṇa), I am known as Viṣṇu.
दमात्सिद्धिं परीप्सन्तो मां जनाः कामयन्ति हि ।
दिवं चोर्वीं च मध्यं च तस्माद्दामोदरो ह्यहम् ॥३९॥
39. damātsiddhiṁ parīpsanto māṁ janāḥ kāmayanti hi ,
divaṁ corvīṁ ca madhyaṁ ca tasmāddāmodaro hyaham.
39. damāt siddhim parīpsantaḥ mām janāḥ kāmayanti hi
divam ca urvīm ca madhyam ca tasmāt dāmodaraḥ hi aham
39. hi damāt siddhim parīpsantaḥ janāḥ mām kāmayanti ca divam ca urvīm ca madhyam ca,
tasmāt hi aham dāmodaraḥ
39. Indeed, people desiring spiritual perfection (siddhi) through self-control (dama) yearn for Me. And because I contain or control heaven, earth, and the middle regions, therefore I am Dāmodara.
पृश्निरित्युच्यते चान्नं वेदा आपोऽमृतं तथा ।
ममैतानि सदा गर्भे पृश्निगर्भस्ततो ह्यहम् ॥४०॥
40. pṛśnirityucyate cānnaṁ vedā āpo'mṛtaṁ tathā ,
mamaitāni sadā garbhe pṛśnigarbhastato hyaham.
40. pṛśniḥ iti ucyate ca annam vedāḥ āpaḥ amṛtam tathā
mama etāni sadā garbhe pṛśnigarbhaḥ tataḥ hi aham
40. annam vedāḥ āpaḥ amṛtam tathā iti pṛśniḥ ca ucyate
etāni sadā mama garbhe tataḥ hi aham pṛśnigarbhaḥ
40. "Pṛśni" is said to be food, the Vedas, waters, and ambrosia. These are always contained within my interior. Therefore, I am indeed Pṛśnigarbha.
ऋषयः प्राहुरेवं मां त्रितकूपाभिपातितम् ।
पृश्निगर्भ त्रितं पाहीत्येकतद्वितपातितम् ॥४१॥
41. ṛṣayaḥ prāhurevaṁ māṁ tritakūpābhipātitam ,
pṛśnigarbha tritaṁ pāhītyekatadvitapātitam.
41. ṛṣayaḥ prāhuḥ evam mām pṛśnigarbha tritam
trita-kūpa-abhipātitam ekata-dvita-pātitam pāhi iti
41. ṛṣayaḥ evam mām prāhuḥ pṛśnigarbha tritam
trita-kūpa-abhipātitam ekata-dvita-pātitam pāhi iti
41. The sages thus said to me, "O Pṛśnigarbha, protect Trita, who has fallen into the well and was cast down by Ekata and Dvita."
ततः स ब्रह्मणः पुत्र आद्यो ऋषिवरस्त्रितः ।
उत्ततारोदपानाद्वै पृश्निगर्भानुकीर्तनात् ॥४२॥
42. tataḥ sa brahmaṇaḥ putra ādyo ṛṣivarastritaḥ ,
uttatārodapānādvai pṛśnigarbhānukīrtanāt.
42. tataḥ saḥ brahmaṇaḥ putraḥ ādyaḥ ṛṣivaraḥ tritaḥ
uttatāra udapānāt vai pṛśnigarbha-anukīrtanāt
42. tataḥ saḥ brahmaṇaḥ ādyaḥ ṛṣivaraḥ tritaḥ
vai pṛśnigarbha-anukīrtanāt udapānāt uttatāra
42. Then, that Trita, the first and foremost sage, son of Brahmā, indeed emerged from the well due to the invocation of Pṛśnigarbha.
सूर्यस्य तपतो लोकानग्नेः सोमस्य चाप्युत ।
अंशवो ये प्रकाशन्ते मम ते केशसंज्ञिताः ।
सर्वज्ञाः केशवं तस्मान्मामाहुर्द्विजसत्तमाः ॥४३॥
43. sūryasya tapato lokānagneḥ somasya cāpyuta ,
aṁśavo ye prakāśante mama te keśasaṁjñitāḥ ,
sarvajñāḥ keśavaṁ tasmānmāmāhurdvijasattamāḥ.
43. sūryasya tapataḥ lokān agneḥ somasya
ca api uta aṃśavaḥ ye prakāśante
mama te keśasaṃjñitāḥ sarvajñāḥ
keśavam tasmāt mām āhuḥ dvijasattamāḥ
43. sūryasya tapataḥ agneḥ somasya ca
api uta lokān ye aṃśavaḥ prakāśante
te mama keśasaṃjñitāḥ tasmāt
sarvajñāḥ dvijasattamāḥ mām keśavam āhuḥ
43. The rays that illuminate the worlds, belonging to the burning sun, fire, and also the moon - those are considered my "keśa" (rays/hair). Therefore, the all-knowing best among the twice-born (dvijasattamāḥ) call me Keśava.
स्वपत्न्यामाहितो गर्भ उतथ्येन महात्मना ।
उतथ्येऽन्तर्हिते चैव कदाचिद्देवमायया ।
बृहस्पतिरथाविन्दत्तां पत्नीं तस्य भारत ॥४४॥
44. svapatnyāmāhito garbha utathyena mahātmanā ,
utathye'ntarhite caiva kadāciddevamāyayā ,
bṛhaspatirathāvindattāṁ patnīṁ tasya bhārata.
44. svapatnyām āhitaḥ garbhaḥ utathyena
mahātmanā utathye antarhite ca
eva kadācit devamāyayā bṛhaspatiḥ
atha avindat tām patnīm tasya bhārata
44. bhārata mahātmanā utathyena svapatnyām
garbhaḥ āhitaḥ ca eva kadācit
devamāyayā उतथ्ये antarhite atha
bṛhaspatiḥ tasya tām patnīm avindat
44. A fetus was placed in his own wife by the great-souled Utathya. And when Utathya had disappeared, through some divine illusion (māyā), Bṛhaspati then found his wife, O Bhārata.
ततो वै तमृषिश्रेष्ठं मैथुनोपगतं तथा ।
उवाच गर्भः कौन्तेय पञ्चभूतसमन्वितः ॥४५॥
45. tato vai tamṛṣiśreṣṭhaṁ maithunopagataṁ tathā ,
uvāca garbhaḥ kaunteya pañcabhūtasamanvitaḥ.
45. tataḥ vai tam ṛṣiśreṣṭham maithunopagatam tathā
uvāca garbhaḥ kaunteya pañcabhūtasamanvitaḥ
45. kaunteya tataḥ vai pañcabhūtasamanvitaḥ garbhaḥ
maithunopagatam tam ṛṣiśreṣṭham tathā uvāca
45. O Kaunteya, then indeed, the fetus, endowed with the five elements, spoke to that best of sages who was engaged in sexual union.
पूर्वागतोऽहं वरद नार्हस्यम्बां प्रबाधितुम् ।
एतद्बृहस्पतिः श्रुत्वा चुक्रोध च शशाप च ॥४६॥
46. pūrvāgato'haṁ varada nārhasyambāṁ prabādhitum ,
etadbṛhaspatiḥ śrutvā cukrodha ca śaśāpa ca.
46. pūrvāgataḥ aham varada na arhasi ambām prabādhitum
etat bṛhaspatiḥ śrutvā cukrodha ca śaśāpa ca
46. varada aham pūrvāgataḥ (asti) ambām prabādhitum na
arhasi ca etat śrutvā bṛhaspatiḥ cukrodha ca śaśāpa
46. O giver of boons, I am already present; you should not harm mother. Hearing this, Bṛhaspati became angry and cursed.
मैथुनोपगतो यस्मात्त्वयाहं विनिवारितः ।
तस्मादन्धो जास्यसि त्वं मच्छापान्नात्र संशयः ॥४७॥
47. maithunopagato yasmāttvayāhaṁ vinivāritaḥ ,
tasmādandho jāsyasi tvaṁ macchāpānnātra saṁśayaḥ.
47. maithunopagataḥ yasmāt tvayā aham vinivāritaḥ tasmāt
andhaḥ jāsyasi tvam mat śāpāt na atra saṃśayaḥ
47. yasmāt maithunopagataḥ aham tvayā vinivāritaḥ tasmāt
tvam mat śāpāt andhaḥ jāsyasi atra saṃśayaḥ na
47. Since I, who was engaged in sexual union, was obstructed by you, therefore, you will be born blind by my curse; there is no doubt about this.
स शापादृषिमुख्यस्य दीर्घं तम उपेयिवान् ।
स हि दीर्घतमा नाम नाम्ना ह्यासीदृषिः पुरा ॥४८॥
48. sa śāpādṛṣimukhyasya dīrghaṁ tama upeyivān ,
sa hi dīrghatamā nāma nāmnā hyāsīdṛṣiḥ purā.
48. sa śāpāt ṛṣimukhyasya dīrghaṃ tamaḥ upeyivān
sa hi dīrghatamā nāma nāmnā hi āsīt ṛṣiḥ purā
48. ṛṣimukhyasya śāpāt sa dīrghaṃ tamaḥ upeyivān.
sa hi ṛṣiḥ purā dīrghatamā nāma āsīt.
48. By the curse of the chief of sages, he fell into a long period of darkness. Indeed, that sage was formerly known by the name Dīrghatamas.
वेदानवाप्य चतुरः साङ्गोपाङ्गान्सनातनान् ।
प्रयोजयामास तदा नाम गुह्यमिदं मम ॥४९॥
49. vedānavāpya caturaḥ sāṅgopāṅgānsanātanān ,
prayojayāmāsa tadā nāma guhyamidaṁ mama.
49. vedān avāpya caturaḥ sāṅgopāṅgān sanātanān
prayojayāmāsa tadā nāma guhyam idam mama
49. caturaḥ sanātanān sāṅgopāṅgān vedān avāpya
tadā mama idaṃ guhyam nāma prayojayāmāsa
49. Having obtained the four eternal Vedas, complete with their auxiliary sciences and sub-auxiliary sciences, he then employed this secret name of mine.
आनुपूर्व्येण विधिना केशवेति पुनः पुनः ।
स चक्षुष्मान्समभवद्गौतमश्चाभवत्पुनः ॥५०॥
50. ānupūrvyeṇa vidhinā keśaveti punaḥ punaḥ ,
sa cakṣuṣmānsamabhavadgautamaścābhavatpunaḥ.
50. ānupūrvyēṇa vidhinā keśaveti punaḥ punaḥ sa
cakṣuṣmān samabhavat gautamaḥ ca abhavat punaḥ
50. ānupūrvyēṇa vidhinā punaḥ punaḥ keśaveti sa cakṣuṣmān samabhavat ca gautamaḥ punaḥ abhavat.
50. By chanting 'Keśava' again and again, in due order and according to the prescribed method, he became endowed with sight, and Gōtama was born again.
एवं हि वरदं नाम केशवेति ममार्जुन ।
देवानामथ सर्वेषामृषीणां च महात्मनाम् ॥५१॥
51. evaṁ hi varadaṁ nāma keśaveti mamārjuna ,
devānāmatha sarveṣāmṛṣīṇāṁ ca mahātmanām.
51. evam hi varadaṃ nāma keśaveti mama arjuna
devānām atha sarveṣām ṛṣīṇām ca mahātmanām
51. arjuna,
evam hi mama ca devānām atha sarveṣām ṛṣīṇām ca mahātmanām,
keśaveti nāma varadam.
51. Thus, Arjuna, this name 'Keśava' is indeed a bestower of boons for me, and for all the gods and great-souled (mahātman) sages.
अग्निः सोमेन संयुक्त एकयोनि मुखं कृतम् ।
अग्नीषोमात्मकं तस्माज्जगत्कृत्स्नं चराचरम् ॥५२॥
52. agniḥ somena saṁyukta ekayoni mukhaṁ kṛtam ,
agnīṣomātmakaṁ tasmājjagatkṛtsnaṁ carācaram.
52. agniḥ somena saṃyuktaḥ ekayoni mukham kṛtam
agnīṣomātmakam tasmāt jagat kṛtsnam carācaram
52. agniḥ somena saṃyuktaḥ ekayoni mukham kṛtam
tasmāt kṛtsnam carācaram jagat agnīṣomātmakam
52. Agni, united with Soma, is made a single source, a mouth. Therefore, the entire moving and non-moving world is of the nature of Agni and Soma.
अपि हि पुराणे भवति ।
एकयोन्यात्मकावग्नीषोमौ ।
देवाश्चाग्निमुखा इति ।
एकयोनित्वाच्च परस्परं महयन्तो लोकान्धारयत इति ॥५३॥
53. api hi purāṇe bhavati ,
ekayonyātmakāvagnīṣomau ,
devāścāgnimukhā iti ,
ekayonitvācca parasparaṁ mahayanto lokāndhārayata iti.
53. api hi purāṇe bhavati | ekayonyātmakau
agnīṣomau | devāḥ ca agnimukhāḥ
iti | ekayonitvāt ca parasparam
mahayantaḥ lokān dhārayataḥ iti
53. api hi purāṇe bhavati ekayonyātmakau
agnīṣomau (sthaḥ) devāḥ ca agnimukhāḥ
iti ekayonitvāt ca parasparam
mahayantaḥ (te) lokān dhārayataḥ iti
53. Indeed, it is also stated in the Purāṇas: 'Agni and Soma are essentially from a single source, and the gods have Agni as their mouth.' And because of their single origin, they sustain the worlds by mutually glorifying each other.