Skip to content
אתר זה לא תומך בגרסאות ישנות של אינטרנט אקספלורר
מומלץ להשתמש בדפדפן גוגל כרום או פיירפוקס מוזילה
(או באינטרנט אקספלורר / edge עדכני)
Enjoy Learning Sanskrit tips, tools, resources and more...

महाभारतः       mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-38

Use the following checkboxes to set the display options for this chapter (You can also control the display of each verse separately):
what would you like to see in each verse:
श्रीभगवानुवाच ।
अभयं सत्त्वसंशुद्धिर्ज्ञानयोगव्यवस्थितिः ।
दानं दमश्च यज्ञश्च स्वाध्यायस्तप आर्जवम् ॥१॥
1. śrībhagavānuvāca ,
abhayaṁ sattvasaṁśuddhirjñānayogavyavasthitiḥ ,
dānaṁ damaśca yajñaśca svādhyāyastapa ārjavam.
1. śrī bhagavān uvāca abhayaṃ sattvasaṃśuddhiḥ jñānayogavyavasthitiḥ
dānaṃ damaḥ ca yajñaḥ ca svādhyāyaḥ tapaḥ ārjavam
1. śrī bhagavān uvāca abhayaṃ sattvasaṃśuddhiḥ jñānayogavyavasthitiḥ
dānaṃ ca damaḥ ca yajñaḥ ca svādhyāyaḥ tapaḥ ārjavam
1. The Blessed Lord said: Fearlessness, purity of one's inner being, steadfastness in the discipline of knowledge (jñāna-yoga), charity (dāna), self-restraint, Vedic ritual (yajña), study of sacred texts (svādhyāya), austerity (tapas), and straightforwardness.
अहिंसा सत्यमक्रोधस्त्यागः शान्तिरपैशुनम् ।
दया भूतेष्वलोलुप्त्वं मार्दवं ह्रीरचापलम् ॥२॥
2. ahiṁsā satyamakrodhastyāgaḥ śāntirapaiśunam ,
dayā bhūteṣvaloluptvaṁ mārdavaṁ hrīracāpalam.
2. ahiṃsā satyam akrodhaḥ tyāgaḥ śāntiḥ apaiśunam
dayā bhūteṣu aloluptvaṃ mārdavaṃ hrīḥ acāpalam
2. ahiṃsā satyam akrodhaḥ tyāgaḥ śāntiḥ apaiśunam
dayā bhūteṣu aloluptvaṃ mārdavaṃ hrīḥ acāpalam
2. Non-violence, truthfulness, absence of anger, renunciation, tranquility, absence of malice, compassion for all beings, non-covetousness, gentleness, modesty, and steadfastness.
तेजः क्षमा धृतिः शौचमद्रोहो नातिमानिता ।
भवन्ति संपदं दैवीमभिजातस्य भारत ॥३॥
3. tejaḥ kṣamā dhṛtiḥ śaucamadroho nātimānitā ,
bhavanti saṁpadaṁ daivīmabhijātasya bhārata.
3. tejaḥ kṣamā dhṛtiḥ śaucam adrohaḥ na atimānitā
bhavanti saṃpadam daīvīm abhijātasya bhārata
3. bhārata tejaḥ kṣamā dhṛtiḥ śaucam adrohaḥ na
atimānitā abhijātasya daīvīm saṃpadam bhavanti
3. O Bharata, vigor, forgiveness, fortitude, purity, absence of malice, and absence of excessive pride are the divine nature of one who is born into it.
दम्भो दर्पोऽतिमानश्च क्रोधः पारुष्यमेव च ।
अज्ञानं चाभिजातस्य पार्थ संपदमासुरीम् ॥४॥
4. dambho darpo'timānaśca krodhaḥ pāruṣyameva ca ,
ajñānaṁ cābhijātasya pārtha saṁpadamāsurīm.
4. dambhaḥ darpaḥ atimānaḥ ca krodhaḥ pāruṣyam eva
ca ajñānaṃ ca abhijātasya pārtha saṃpadam āsurīm
4. pārtha dambhaḥ darpaḥ ca atimānaḥ ca krodhaḥ ca eva pāruṣyam
ca ajñānaṃ ca abhijātasya āsurīm saṃpadam (bhavanti)
4. O Pārtha, hypocrisy, arrogance, excessive pride, anger, harshness, and ignorance are the demoniac nature of one who is born into it.
दैवी संपद्विमोक्षाय निबन्धायासुरी मता ।
मा शुचः संपदं दैवीमभिजातोऽसि पाण्डव ॥५॥
5. daivī saṁpadvimokṣāya nibandhāyāsurī matā ,
mā śucaḥ saṁpadaṁ daivīmabhijāto'si pāṇḍava.
5. daivī saṃpat vimokṣāya nibandhāya āsurī matā
mā śucaḥ saṃpadam daivīm abhijātaḥ asi pāṇḍava
5. pāṇḍava daivī saṃpat vimokṣāya matā āsurī
nibandhāya mā śucaḥ daivīm saṃpadam abhijātaḥ asi
5. The divine qualities (saṃpat) are considered to lead to final liberation (mokṣa), while the demonic qualities (āsurī) are held to lead to bondage. Do not grieve, O Pāṇḍava, for you are born with divine qualities.
द्वौ भूतसर्गौ लोकेऽस्मिन्दैव आसुर एव च ।
दैवो विस्तरशः प्रोक्त आसुरं पार्थ मे शृणु ॥६॥
6. dvau bhūtasargau loke'smindaiva āsura eva ca ,
daivo vistaraśaḥ prokta āsuraṁ pārtha me śṛṇu.
6. dvau bhūtasargau loke asmin daivaḥ āsuraḥ eva ca
daivaḥ vistaraśaḥ proktaḥ āsuram pārtha me śṛṇu
6. asmin loke dvau bhūtasargau daivaḥ eva ca āsuraḥ
daivaḥ vistaraśaḥ proktaḥ pārtha me āsuram śṛṇu
6. In this world, there are two types of created beings: the divine and the demonic. The divine creation has been described in detail; now, O Pārtha, hear from me about the demonic.
प्रवृत्तिं च निवृत्तिं च जना न विदुरासुराः ।
न शौचं नापि चाचारो न सत्यं तेषु विद्यते ॥७॥
7. pravṛttiṁ ca nivṛttiṁ ca janā na vidurāsurāḥ ,
na śaucaṁ nāpi cācāro na satyaṁ teṣu vidyate.
7. pravṛttim ca nivṛttim ca janāḥ na viduḥ āsurāḥ na
śaucam na api ca ācāraḥ na satyam teṣu vidyate
7. āsurāḥ janāḥ pravṛttim ca nivṛttim ca na viduḥ
teṣu na śaucam na api ca ācāraḥ na satyam vidyate
7. Demonic persons do not understand proper action (pravṛtti) or proper renunciation (nivṛtti). Purity (śaucam), good conduct, or truth are not found in them.
असत्यमप्रतिष्ठं ते जगदाहुरनीश्वरम् ।
अपरस्परसंभूतं किमन्यत्कामहैतुकम् ॥८॥
8. asatyamapratiṣṭhaṁ te jagadāhuranīśvaram ,
aparasparasaṁbhūtaṁ kimanyatkāmahaitukam.
8. asatyam apratiṣṭham te jagat āhuḥ anīśvaram
aparasparasaṃbhūtam kim anyat kāmahaitukam
8. te jagat asatyam apratiṣṭham anīśvaram
aparasparasaṃbhūtam kāmahaitukam āhuḥ kim anyat
8. They (the demonic) assert that the world is unreal, without any moral foundation (dharma), and without a controller (Īśvara). They say it is born of mere union (aparaspasambūtam), with lust (kāma) as its only cause; what else could it be?
एतां दृष्टिमवष्टभ्य नष्टात्मानोऽल्पबुद्धयः ।
प्रभवन्त्युग्रकर्माणः क्षयाय जगतोऽहिताः ॥९॥
9. etāṁ dṛṣṭimavaṣṭabhya naṣṭātmāno'lpabuddhayaḥ ,
prabhavantyugrakarmāṇaḥ kṣayāya jagato'hitāḥ.
9. etām dṛṣṭim avaṣṭabhya naṣṭātmānaḥ alpabuddhayaḥ
prabhavanti ugrakarmāṇaḥ kṣayāya jagataḥ ahitāḥ
9. etām dṛṣṭim avaṣṭabhya naṣṭātmānaḥ alpabuddhayaḥ
ugrakarmāṇaḥ ahitāḥ jagataḥ kṣayāya prabhavanti
9. Clinging to this perspective, those whose intrinsic nature (ātman) is lost, who possess meager intellect, and whose actions are fierce and hostile, arise for the destruction of the world.
काममाश्रित्य दुष्पूरं दम्भमानमदान्विताः ।
मोहाद्गृहीत्वासद्ग्राहान्प्रवर्तन्तेऽशुचिव्रताः ॥१०॥
10. kāmamāśritya duṣpūraṁ dambhamānamadānvitāḥ ,
mohādgṛhītvāsadgrāhānpravartante'śucivratāḥ.
10. kāmam āśritya duṣpūram dambhamānamadānvitāḥ
mohāt gṛhītvā asadgrāhān pravartante aśucivratāḥ
10. duṣpūram kāmam āśritya dambhamānamadānvitāḥ
mohāt asadgrāhān gṛhītvā aśucivratāḥ pravartante
10. Resorting to insatiable desire, imbued with hypocrisy, pride, and arrogance, and deludedly clinging to false notions, they engage in impure practices.
चिन्तामपरिमेयां च प्रलयान्तामुपाश्रिताः ।
कामोपभोगपरमा एतावदिति निश्चिताः ॥११॥
11. cintāmaparimeyāṁ ca pralayāntāmupāśritāḥ ,
kāmopabhogaparamā etāvaditi niścitāḥ.
11. cintām aparimeyām ca pralayāntām upāśritāḥ
kāmopabhogaparamā etāvat iti niścitāḥ
11. aparimeyām pralayāntām cintām ca upāśritāḥ,
kāmopabhogaparamā etāvat iti niścitāḥ
11. And resorting to immeasurable worries that end only with their dissolution (pralaya), they are convinced that sensual enjoyment is the supreme goal, thinking 'this is all there is'.
आशापाशशतैर्बद्धाः कामक्रोधपरायणाः ।
ईहन्ते कामभोगार्थमन्यायेनार्थसंचयान् ॥१२॥
12. āśāpāśaśatairbaddhāḥ kāmakrodhaparāyaṇāḥ ,
īhante kāmabhogārthamanyāyenārthasaṁcayān.
12. āśāpāśaśataiḥ baddhāḥ kāmakrodhaparāyaṇāḥ
īhante kāmabhogārtham anyāyena arthasaṃcayān
12. āśāpāśaśataiḥ baddhāḥ kāmakrodhaparāyaṇāḥ
kāmabhogārtham anyāyena arthasaṃcayān īhante
12. Bound by hundreds of snares of desire, and utterly devoted to lust (kāma) and wrath, they strive to unlawfully accumulate wealth for the sake of sensual enjoyment.
इदमद्य मया लब्धमिदं प्राप्स्ये मनोरथम् ।
इदमस्तीदमपि मे भविष्यति पुनर्धनम् ॥१३॥
13. idamadya mayā labdhamidaṁ prāpsye manoratham ,
idamastīdamapi me bhaviṣyati punardhanam.
13. idam adya mayā labdham idam prāpsye manoratham
idam asti idam api me bhaviṣyati punar dhanam
13. adya mayā idam labdham,
idam manoratham prāpsye.
idam dhanam asti,
punaḥ idam api me bhaviṣyati.
13. This I have gained today, and this desire I will fulfill. This wealth is mine, and more wealth will be mine again.
असौ मया हतः शत्रुर्हनिष्ये चापरानपि ।
ईश्वरोऽहमहं भोगी सिद्धोऽहं बलवान्सुखी ॥१४॥
14. asau mayā hataḥ śatrurhaniṣye cāparānapi ,
īśvaro'hamahaṁ bhogī siddho'haṁ balavānsukhī.
14. asau mayā hataḥ śatruḥ haniṣye ca aparān api
īśvaraḥ aham aham bhogī siddhaḥ aham balavān sukhī
14. asau śatruḥ mayā hataḥ.
ca aparān api (aham) haniṣye.
aham īśvaraḥ,
aham bhogī,
aham siddhaḥ,
(aham) balavān,
(aham) sukhī.
14. That enemy has been killed by me, and I will kill others as well. I am the lord, I am the enjoyer, I am perfect and powerful, and I am happy.
आढ्योऽभिजनवानस्मि कोऽन्योऽस्ति सदृशो मया ।
यक्ष्ये दास्यामि मोदिष्य इत्यज्ञानविमोहिताः ॥१५॥
15. āḍhyo'bhijanavānasmi ko'nyo'sti sadṛśo mayā ,
yakṣye dāsyāmi modiṣya ityajñānavimohitāḥ.
15. āḍhyaḥ abhijanavān asmi kaḥ anyaḥ asti sadṛśaḥ
mayā yakṣye dāsyāmi modiṣye iti ajñānavimohitāḥ
15. aham āḍhyaḥ,
abhijanavān asmi.
anyaḥ kaḥ mayā sadṛśaḥ asti? yakṣye,
dāsyāmi,
modiṣye iti ajñānavimohitāḥ.
15. I am rich and of noble birth; who else is equal to me? I will perform Vedic rituals (yajña), I will give charity (dāna), I will rejoice. Thus, they are deluded by ignorance.
अनेकचित्तविभ्रान्ता मोहजालसमावृताः ।
प्रसक्ताः कामभोगेषु पतन्ति नरकेऽशुचौ ॥१६॥
16. anekacittavibhrāntā mohajālasamāvṛtāḥ ,
prasaktāḥ kāmabhogeṣu patanti narake'śucau.
16. anekacittavibhrāntāḥ mohajālasamāvṛtāḥ
prasaktāḥ kāmabhogeṣu patanti narake aśucau
16. anekacittavibhrāntāḥ,
mohajālasamāvṛtāḥ,
kāmabhogeṣu prasaktāḥ (te) aśucau narake patanti.
16. Bewildered by numerous thoughts and enveloped by the net of delusion, they become excessively attached to sensual pleasures and fall into an impure hell.
आत्मसंभाविताः स्तब्धा धनमानमदान्विताः ।
यजन्ते नामयज्ञैस्ते दम्भेनाविधिपूर्वकम् ॥१७॥
17. ātmasaṁbhāvitāḥ stabdhā dhanamānamadānvitāḥ ,
yajante nāmayajñaiste dambhenāvidhipūrvakam.
17. ātmasaṃbhāvitāḥ stabdhāḥ dhanumānamadānvitāḥ
yajante nāmayajñaiḥ te dambhena avidhipūrvakam
17. te ātmasaṃbhāvitāḥ stabdhāḥ dhanumānamadānvitāḥ
dambhena avidhipūrvakam nāmayajñaiḥ yajante
17. Those who are self-conceited, arrogant, and filled with pride due to wealth and honor, perform Vedic rituals (yajñas) merely in name, out of hypocrisy and without following proper injunctions.
अहंकारं बलं दर्पं कामं क्रोधं च संश्रिताः ।
मामात्मपरदेहेषु प्रद्विषन्तोऽभ्यसूयकाः ॥१८॥
18. ahaṁkāraṁ balaṁ darpaṁ kāmaṁ krodhaṁ ca saṁśritāḥ ,
māmātmaparadeheṣu pradviṣanto'bhyasūyakāḥ.
18. ahaṅkāram balam darpam kāmam krodham ca saṃśritāḥ
mām ātmaparadeheṣu pradviṣantaḥ abhyasūyakāḥ
18. (te) ahaṅkāram balam darpam kāmam krodham ca saṃśritāḥ
abhyasūyakāḥ (santaḥ) ātmaparadeheṣu mām pradviṣantaḥ
18. Resorting to ego (ahaṅkāra), power, arrogance, desire, and anger, these envious individuals hate Me, who resides within their own bodies and the bodies of others.
तानहं द्विषतः क्रूरान्संसारेषु नराधमान् ।
क्षिपाम्यजस्रमशुभानासुरीष्वेव योनिषु ॥१९॥
19. tānahaṁ dviṣataḥ krūrānsaṁsāreṣu narādhamān ,
kṣipāmyajasramaśubhānāsurīṣveva yoniṣu.
19. tān aham dviṣataḥ krūrān saṃsāreṣu narādhamān
kṣipāmi ajasram aśubhān āsurīṣu eva yoniṣu
19. aham tān dviṣataḥ krūrān aśubhān narādhamān
ajasram saṃsāreṣu āsurīṣu eva yoniṣu kṣipāmi
19. These hateful, cruel, and evil lowest of men I constantly cast into demoniac wombs (yoni) and cycles of rebirth (saṃsāra).
आसुरीं योनिमापन्ना मूढा जन्मनि जन्मनि ।
मामप्राप्यैव कौन्तेय ततो यान्त्यधमां गतिम् ॥२०॥
20. āsurīṁ yonimāpannā mūḍhā janmani janmani ,
māmaprāpyaiva kaunteya tato yāntyadhamāṁ gatim.
20. āsurīm yonim āpannāḥ mūḍhāḥ janmani janmani mām
aprāpya eva kaunteya tataḥ yānti adhamām gatim
20. kaunteya,
mūḍhāḥ āsurīm yonim āpannāḥ janmani janmani mām aprāpya eva tataḥ adhamām gatim yānti
20. O son of Kunti, these deluded individuals, attaining demoniac births (yoni) lifetime after lifetime, fail to reach Me and consequently descend to the lowest state.
त्रिविधं नरकस्येदं द्वारं नाशनमात्मनः ।
कामः क्रोधस्तथा लोभस्तस्मादेतत्त्रयं त्यजेत् ॥२१॥
21. trividhaṁ narakasyedaṁ dvāraṁ nāśanamātmanaḥ ,
kāmaḥ krodhastathā lobhastasmādetattrayaṁ tyajet.
21. trividham narakasya idam dvāram nāśanam ātmanaḥ
kāmaḥ krodhaḥ tathā lobhaḥ tasmāt etat trayam tyajet
21. kāmaḥ krodhaḥ tathā lobhaḥ idam ātmanaḥ nāśanam
trividham narakasya dvāram tasmāt etat trayam tyajet
21. Lust, anger, and greed—these three constitute the three-fold door to hell, which leads to the ruin of the self (ātman). Therefore, one should abandon this triad.
एतैर्विमुक्तः कौन्तेय तमोद्वारैस्त्रिभिर्नरः ।
आचरत्यात्मनः श्रेयस्ततो याति परां गतिम् ॥२२॥
22. etairvimuktaḥ kaunteya tamodvāraistribhirnaraḥ ,
ācaratyātmanaḥ śreyastato yāti parāṁ gatim.
22. etaiḥ vimuktaḥ kaunteya tamas-dvāraiḥ tribhiḥ
naraḥ ācarati ātmanaḥ śreyaḥ tataḥ yāti parām gatim
22. kaunteya etaiḥ tribhiḥ tamas-dvāraiḥ vimuktaḥ
naraḥ ātmanaḥ śreyaḥ ācarati tataḥ parām gatim yāti
22. O son of Kuntī (Arjuna), a person liberated from these three doors of darkness performs actions conducive to the welfare of their self (ātman), and thereby attains the supreme state.
यः शास्त्रविधिमुत्सृज्य वर्तते कामकारतः ।
न स सिद्धिमवाप्नोति न सुखं न परां गतिम् ॥२३॥
23. yaḥ śāstravidhimutsṛjya vartate kāmakārataḥ ,
na sa siddhimavāpnoti na sukhaṁ na parāṁ gatim.
23. yaḥ śāstra-vidhim utsṛjya vartate kāma-kārataḥ
na saḥ siddhim avāpnoti na sukham na parām gatim
23. yaḥ śāstra-vidhim utsṛjya kāma-kārataḥ vartate
saḥ siddhim na avāpnoti na sukham na parām gatim
23. One who disregards the injunctions of scripture and acts whimsically, driven by personal desire, does not achieve perfection, nor happiness, nor the supreme state.
तस्माच्छास्त्रं प्रमाणं ते कार्याकार्यव्यवस्थितौ ।
ज्ञात्वा शास्त्रविधानोक्तं कर्म कर्तुमिहार्हसि ॥२४॥
24. tasmācchāstraṁ pramāṇaṁ te kāryākāryavyavasthitau ,
jñātvā śāstravidhānoktaṁ karma kartumihārhasi.
24. tasmāt śāstram pramāṇam te kārya-akārya-vyavasthitau
jñātvā śāstra-vidhāna-uktam karma kartum iha arhasi
24. tasmāt kārya-akārya-vyavasthitau te śāstram pramāṇam
jñātvā śāstra-vidhāna-uktam karma kartum iha arhasi
24. Therefore, let scripture be your authority in distinguishing between proper and improper action. Having understood the action declared by scriptural injunctions, you ought to perform it here in this world.