Skip to content
אתר זה לא תומך בגרסאות ישנות של אינטרנט אקספלורר
מומלץ להשתמש בדפדפן גוגל כרום או פיירפוקס מוזילה
(או באינטרנט אקספלורר / edge עדכני)
Enjoy Learning Sanskrit tips, tools, resources and more...

महाभारतः       mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-269

Use the following checkboxes to set the display options for this chapter (You can also control the display of each verse separately):
what would you like to see in each verse:
युधिष्ठिर उवाच ।
किंशीलः किंसमाचारः किंविद्यः किंपरायणः ।
प्राप्नोति ब्रह्मणः स्थानं यत्परं प्रकृतेर्ध्रुवम् ॥१॥
1. yudhiṣṭhira uvāca ,
kiṁśīlaḥ kiṁsamācāraḥ kiṁvidyaḥ kiṁparāyaṇaḥ ,
prāpnoti brahmaṇaḥ sthānaṁ yatparaṁ prakṛterdhruvam.
1. yudhiṣṭhiraḥ uvāca kimśīlaḥ kimsamācāraḥ kimvidyaḥ kimparāyaṇaḥ
prāpnoti brahmaṇaḥ sthānam yat param prakṛteḥ dhruvam
1. yudhiṣṭhiraḥ uvāca.
kimśīlaḥ kimsamācāraḥ kimvidyaḥ kimparāyaṇaḥ (pumān) yat param prakṛteḥ dhruvam brahmaṇaḥ sthānam prāpnoti?
1. Yudhishthira said: "What kind of character, conduct, knowledge, and ultimate aim does one possess who attains the supreme, eternal state of Brahman (brahman), which is beyond primordial nature (prakṛti)?"
भीष्म उवाच ।
मोक्षधर्मेषु निरतो लघ्वाहारो जितेन्द्रियः ।
प्राप्नोति परमं स्थानं यत्परं प्रकृतेर्ध्रुवम् ॥२॥
2. bhīṣma uvāca ,
mokṣadharmeṣu nirato laghvāhāro jitendriyaḥ ,
prāpnoti paramaṁ sthānaṁ yatparaṁ prakṛterdhruvam.
2. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca mokṣadharmeṣu nirataḥ laghvāhāraḥ jitendriyaḥ
prāpnoti paramam sthānam yat param prakṛteḥ dhruvam
2. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca.
mokṣadharmeṣu nirataḥ,
laghvāhāraḥ,
jitendriyaḥ (pumān) yat param prakṛteḥ dhruvam paramam sthānam prāpnoti.
2. Bhishma said: "One who is intent on the principles of liberation (mokṣa-dharma), consumes light food, and has controlled the senses, attains the supreme, eternal state that is beyond primordial nature (prakṛti)."
स्वगृहादभिनिःसृत्य लाभालाभे समो मुनिः ।
समुपोढेषु कामेषु निरपेक्षः परिव्रजेत् ॥३॥
3. svagṛhādabhiniḥsṛtya lābhālābhe samo muniḥ ,
samupoḍheṣu kāmeṣu nirapekṣaḥ parivrajet.
3. svagṛhāt abhiniḥsṛtya lābhālābhe samaḥ muniḥ
samupoḍheṣu kāmeṣu nirapekṣaḥ parivrajet
3. muniḥ svagṛhāt abhiniḥsṛtya,
lābhālābhe samaḥ,
samupoḍheṣu kāmeṣu nirapekṣaḥ (san) परिव्रजेत्।
3. A sage, having left his own home, remaining indifferent to gain and loss, and free from expectation regarding desires that present themselves, should wander about (as an ascetic).
न चक्षुषा न मनसा न वाचा दूषयेदपि ।
न प्रत्यक्षं परोक्षं वा दूषणं व्याहरेत्क्वचित् ॥४॥
4. na cakṣuṣā na manasā na vācā dūṣayedapi ,
na pratyakṣaṁ parokṣaṁ vā dūṣaṇaṁ vyāharetkvacit.
4. na cakṣuṣā na manasā na vācā dūṣayet api na
pratyakṣam parokṣam vā dūṣaṇam vyāharet kvacit
4. cakṣuṣā na manasā na vācā api na dūṣayet
pratyakṣam vā parokṣam dūṣaṇam kvacit na vyāharet
4. One should not defile or criticize with the eye, nor with the mind, nor with speech. One should never utter any defilement, whether directly or indirectly.
न हिंस्यात्सर्वभूतानि मैत्रायणगतिश्चरेत् ।
नेदं जीवितमासाद्य वैरं कुर्वीत केनचित् ॥५॥
5. na hiṁsyātsarvabhūtāni maitrāyaṇagatiścaret ,
nedaṁ jīvitamāsādya vairaṁ kurvīta kenacit.
5. na hiṃsyāt sarvabhūtāni maitrāyaṇagatiḥ caret
na idam jīvitam āsādya vairam kurvīta kenacit
5. sarvabhūtāni na hiṃsyāt maitrāyaṇagatiḥ caret
idam jīvitam āsādya kenacit vairam na kurvīta
5. One should not harm any living beings, but rather follow the path of friendliness. Having attained this life, one should not create enmity with anyone.
अतिवादांस्तितिक्षेत नाभिमन्येत्कथंचन ।
क्रोध्यमानः प्रियं ब्रूयादाक्रुष्टः कुशलं वदेत् ॥६॥
6. ativādāṁstitikṣeta nābhimanyetkathaṁcana ,
krodhyamānaḥ priyaṁ brūyādākruṣṭaḥ kuśalaṁ vadet.
6. ativādān titikṣeta na abhimanyet kathaṃcana
krodhyamānaḥ priyam brūyāt ākruṣṭaḥ kuśalam vadet
6. ativādān titikṣeta kathaṃcana na abhimanyet
krodhyamānaḥ priyam brūyāt ākruṣṭaḥ kuśalam vadet
6. One should tolerate harsh words and never feel insulted. If angered, one should speak pleasantly, and if reviled, one should speak well or utter blessings.
प्रदक्षिणं प्रसव्यं च ग्राममध्ये न चाचरेत् ।
भैक्षचर्यामनापन्नो न गच्छेत्पूर्वकेतितः ॥७॥
7. pradakṣiṇaṁ prasavyaṁ ca grāmamadhye na cācaret ,
bhaikṣacaryāmanāpanno na gacchetpūrvaketitaḥ.
7. pradakṣiṇam prasavyam ca grāmamadhye na ca ācaret
bhaikṣacaryām anāpannaḥ na gacchet pūrvaketitaḥ
7. grāmamadhye pradakṣiṇam prasavyam ca na ācaret
bhaikṣacaryām anāpannaḥ pūrvaketitaḥ na gacchet
7. One should not perform circumambulation (pradakṣiṇa) or counter-circumambulation (prasavya) in the middle of a village. One who has not embraced the mendicant's practice (bhaikṣacaryā) should not go seeking alms by prior arrangement.
अवकीर्णः सुगुप्तश्च न वाचा ह्यप्रियं वदेत् ।
मृदुः स्यादप्रतिक्रूरो विस्रब्धः स्यादरोषणः ॥८॥
8. avakīrṇaḥ suguptaśca na vācā hyapriyaṁ vadet ,
mṛduḥ syādapratikrūro visrabdhaḥ syādaroṣaṇaḥ.
8. avakirṇaḥ suguptaḥ ca na vācā hi apriyam vadet
mṛduḥ syāt apratikrūraḥ visrabdhaḥ syāt aroṣaṇaḥ
8. (saḥ) avakirṇaḥ suguptaḥ ca na vācā hi apriyam vadet
(saḥ) mṛduḥ syāt apratikrūraḥ visrabdhaḥ syāt aroṣaṇaḥ
8. A disciplined and self-controlled person should not speak unpleasant words. He should be gentle, not cruel, trustworthy, and free from anger.
विधूमे न्यस्तमुसले व्यङ्गारे भुक्तवज्जने ।
अतीते पात्रसंचारे भिक्षां लिप्सेत वै मुनिः ॥९॥
9. vidhūme nyastamusale vyaṅgāre bhuktavajjane ,
atīte pātrasaṁcāre bhikṣāṁ lipseta vai muniḥ.
9. vidhūme nyastamusale vyaṅgāre bhuktavajjane
atīte pātrasañcāre bhikṣām lipseta vai muniḥ
9. (yadā) vidhūme nyastamusale vyaṅgāre bhuktavajjane
pātrasañcāre atīte (tadā) vai muniḥ bhikṣām lipseta
9. A sage (muni) should indeed seek alms only after the cooking smoke has ceased, the pestle has been put away, the embers are extinguished, the household members have finished eating, and the movement of eating vessels has concluded.
अनुयात्रिकमर्थस्य मात्रालाभेष्वनादृतः ।
अलाभे न विहन्येत लाभश्चैनं न हर्षयेत् ॥१०॥
10. anuyātrikamarthasya mātrālābheṣvanādṛtaḥ ,
alābhe na vihanyeta lābhaścainaṁ na harṣayet.
10. anuyātrikam arthasya mātrālābheṣu anādṛtaḥ
alābhe na vihanyeta lābhaḥ ca enam na harṣayet
10. (saḥ) arthasya anuyātrikam mātrālābheṣu anādṛtaḥ
(syāt) alābhe na vihanyeta ca lābhaḥ enam na harṣayet
10. One should be indifferent to minor gains of wealth, considering them as merely secondary. He should not be distressed by lack of gain, nor should any gain gladden him.
लाभं साधारणं नेच्छेन्न भुञ्जीताभिपूजितः ।
अभिपूजितलाभं हि जुगुप्सेतैव तादृशः ॥११॥
11. lābhaṁ sādhāraṇaṁ necchenna bhuñjītābhipūjitaḥ ,
abhipūjitalābhaṁ hi jugupsetaiva tādṛśaḥ.
11. lābham sādhāraṇam na icchet na bhuñjīta abhipūjitaḥ
abhipūjitalābham hi jugupseta eva tādṛśaḥ
11. (saḥ) sādhāraṇam lābham na icchet abhipūjitaḥ na
bhuñjīta hi tādṛśaḥ abhipūjitalābham eva jugupseta
11. One should not desire ordinary gains, nor should he accept and eat food offered with excessive honor. Indeed, such a person should despise any gain obtained through being overly praised or honored.
न चान्नदोषान्निन्देत न गुणानभिपूजयेत् ।
शय्यासने विविक्ते च नित्यमेवाभिपूजयेत् ॥१२॥
12. na cānnadoṣānnindeta na guṇānabhipūjayet ,
śayyāsane vivikte ca nityamevābhipūjayet.
12. na ca annadoṣān nindeta na guṇān abhipūjayet
śayyāsane vivikte ca nityam eva abhipūjayet
12. annadoṣān na nindeta ca guṇān na abhipūjayet
vivikte śayyāsane ca nityam eva abhipūjayet
12. One should neither criticize the faults in food nor excessively praise its good qualities. Likewise, one should always treat a secluded bed and seat with reverence.
शून्यागारं वृक्षमूलमरण्यमथ वा गुहाम् ।
अज्ञातचर्यां गत्वान्यां ततोऽन्यत्रैव संविशेत् ॥१३॥
13. śūnyāgāraṁ vṛkṣamūlamaraṇyamatha vā guhām ,
ajñātacaryāṁ gatvānyāṁ tato'nyatraiva saṁviśet.
13. śūnyāgāram vṛkṣamūlam araṇyam atha vā guhām
ajñātacaryām gatvā anyām tataḥ anyatra eva saṃviśet
13. śūnyāgāram vṛkṣamūlam araṇyam atha vā guhām anyām
ajñātacaryām gatvā tataḥ eva anyatra saṃviśet
13. Having gone to an empty house, the foot of a tree, a forest, or a cave, and adopting a life of anonymity, one should always take shelter in a different location.
अनुरोधविरोधाभ्यां समः स्यादचलो ध्रुवः ।
सुकृतं दुष्कृतं चोभे नानुरुध्येत कर्मणि ॥१४॥
14. anurodhavirodhābhyāṁ samaḥ syādacalo dhruvaḥ ,
sukṛtaṁ duṣkṛtaṁ cobhe nānurudhyeta karmaṇi.
14. anurodhavirodhābhyām samaḥ syāt acalaḥ dhruvaḥ
sukṛtam duṣkṛtam ca ubhe na anurudhyeta karmaṇi
14. anurodhavirodhābhyām samaḥ acalaḥ dhruvaḥ syāt
ubhe sukṛtam ca duṣkṛtam karmaṇi na anurudhyeta
14. One should remain balanced, unshakeable, and steadfast amidst favors and opposition. One should not be attached to either good (sukṛta) or bad (duṣkṛta) actions (karma).
वाचो वेगं मनसः क्रोधवेगं विवित्सावेगमुदरोपस्थवेगम् ।
एतान्वेगान्विनयेद्वै तपस्वी निन्दा चास्य हृदयं नोपहन्यात् ॥१५॥
15. vāco vegaṁ manasaḥ krodhavegaṁ; vivitsāvegamudaropasthavegam ,
etānvegānvinayedvai tapasvī; nindā cāsya hṛdayaṁ nopahanyāt.
15. vācaḥ vegam manasaḥ krodhavegam
vivitsāvegam udaropasthavegam
etān vegān vinayet vai tapasvī
nindā ca asya hṛdayam na upahanyāt
15. tapasvī vai etān vegān vinayet: vācaḥ vegam,
manasaḥ krodhavegam,
vivitsāvegam,
udaropasthavegam ca nindā asya hṛdayam na upahanyāt
15. An ascetic (tapasvī) should indeed restrain these impulses: the impulse of speech, the impulse of anger from the mind, the impulse of curiosity (desire to know), and the impulses of the belly and genitals. Furthermore, criticism should not wound his heart.
मध्यस्थ एव तिष्ठेत प्रशंसानिन्दयोः समः ।
एतत्पवित्रं परमं परिव्राजक आश्रमे ॥१६॥
16. madhyastha eva tiṣṭheta praśaṁsānindayoḥ samaḥ ,
etatpavitraṁ paramaṁ parivrājaka āśrame.
16. madhyasthaḥ eva tiṣṭheta praśaṃsā-nindayoḥ
samaḥ etat pavitram paramam parivrājaka āśrame
16. madhyasthaḥ eva tiṣṭheta praśaṃsā-nindayoḥ
samaḥ etat paramam pavitram parivrājaka āśrame
16. One should remain impartial, treating praise and blame equally. This is the supreme purity (pavitra) for a wandering ascetic (parivrājaka) in his stage of life (āśrama).
महात्मा सुव्रतो दान्तः सर्वत्रैवानपाश्रितः ।
अपूर्वचारकः सौम्यो अनिकेतः समाहितः ॥१७॥
17. mahātmā suvrato dāntaḥ sarvatraivānapāśritaḥ ,
apūrvacārakaḥ saumyo aniketaḥ samāhitaḥ.
17. mahātmā suvrataḥ dāntaḥ sarvatra eva anapāśritaḥ
apūrva-cārakaḥ saumyaḥ aniketaḥ samāhitaḥ
17. mahātmā suvrataḥ dāntaḥ sarvatra eva anapāśritaḥ
apūrva-cārakaḥ saumyaḥ aniketaḥ samāhitaḥ
17. A great soul (mahātman), committed to excellent vows, self-controlled, and unattached everywhere. He wanders in an unprecedented manner, is gentle, houseless, and deeply composed.
वानप्रस्थगृहस्थाभ्यां न संसृज्येत कर्हिचित् ।
अज्ञातलिप्सां लिप्सेत न चैनं हर्ष आविशेत् ॥१८॥
18. vānaprasthagṛhasthābhyāṁ na saṁsṛjyeta karhicit ,
ajñātalipsāṁ lipseta na cainaṁ harṣa āviśet.
18. vānaprastha-gṛhasthābhyām na saṃsṛjyeta karhicit
ajñāta-lipsām lipseta na ca enam harṣaḥ āviśet
18. vānaprastha-gṛhasthābhyām karhicit na saṃsṛjyeta
ajñāta-lipsām lipseta ca na enam harṣaḥ āviśet
18. One should never associate with hermits (vāṇaprastha) or householders (gṛhastha). He should only desire what is unsolicited, and joy should not overwhelm him.
विजानतां मोक्ष एष श्रमः स्यादविजानताम् ।
मोक्षयानमिदं कृत्स्नं विदुषां हारितोऽब्रवीत् ॥१९॥
19. vijānatāṁ mokṣa eṣa śramaḥ syādavijānatām ,
mokṣayānamidaṁ kṛtsnaṁ viduṣāṁ hārito'bravīt.
19. vijānatām mokṣaḥ eṣaḥ śramaḥ syāt avijānatām
mokṣa-yānam idam kṛtsnam viduṣām hāritaḥ abravīt
19. eṣaḥ mokṣaḥ vijānatām avijānatām śramaḥ syāt
hāritaḥ abravīt idam kṛtsnam mokṣa-yānam viduṣām
19. This liberation (mokṣa) is for those who are discerning; for those without discernment, it would be mere toil. Hārita declared that this entire vehicle to liberation (mokṣa-yāna) is for the wise.
अभयं सर्वभूतेभ्यो दत्त्वा यः प्रव्रजेद्गृहात् ।
लोकास्तेजोमयास्तस्य तथानन्त्याय कल्पते ॥२०॥
20. abhayaṁ sarvabhūtebhyo dattvā yaḥ pravrajedgṛhāt ,
lokāstejomayāstasya tathānantyāya kalpate.
20. abhayam sarvabhūtebhyaḥ dattvā yaḥ pravrajet gṛhāt
lokāḥ tejomayāḥ tasya tathā ānantyāya kalpate
20. yaḥ sarvabhūtebhyaḥ abhayam dattvā gṛhāt pravrajet,
tasya lokāḥ tejomayāḥ tathā ānantyāya kalpate
20. One who, having granted fearlessness to all beings, renounces his home, for him the worlds become radiant, and he thus becomes worthy of eternity.